RESUMO
Scientific and technological development plays an essential part in shaping contemporary societies, and medicine and health care are considered to be particularly receptive to the incorporation of new concepts, techniques and products, producing impacts not only on the health problems for which they were originally intended, but also varied 'side-effects', less frequently recognised and studied. In this study the point of departure was the hypothesis that the intensive diffusion in Brazil of prenatal ultrasound would create new problems for individuals (pregnant women, their families and health professionals) and society in coping with foetal malformations, due to the existence of a very restrictive induced abortion legislation. The objective of the research was to study the social visibility of these problems, in the written mass media. The period under analysis went from 1991 to 1996. The four most important daily newspapers and two medical council journals were studied, with a criteria oriented selection of articles, and their macrotextual thematic analysis. The results indicate that the basic elements in the relationships between medical technology, prenatal diagnosis, foetal malformations and induced abortions stayed the same along the period - a restrictive Penal Code, the public recognition of the disseminated and usually tolerated practice of induced abortion, done in risky conditions for the majority of women, with very evident consequences on maternal health, a divided Congress, a divided 'public opinion', religious opposition and new scientific and technological practices in health care. Nevertheless, tension between these 'contradictory' factors increases, so much so, that new elements are introduced which make an accommodation possible, without implying in major changes of position. This is achieved through the development of new alliances between Science, the judiciary and obstetrical leaders, which benefit individual initiatives, instead of leading to a public recognition of the problem and changes in the law.
Assuntos
Aborto Legal/estatística & dados numéricos , Aborto Terapêutico/estatística & dados numéricos , Anormalidades Congênitas/diagnóstico por imagem , Meios de Comunicação de Massa/estatística & dados numéricos , Jornais como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Problemas Sociais/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação da Tecnologia Biomédica/estatística & dados numéricos , Transferência de Tecnologia , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/estatística & dados numéricos , Aborto Legal/tendências , Aborto Terapêutico/tendências , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Meios de Comunicação de Massa/tendências , Jornais como Assunto/tendências , Opinião Pública , Problemas Sociais/tendências , Avaliação da Tecnologia Biomédica/tendências , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/tendênciasRESUMO
En este trabajo se analiza, la mortalidad materna producida por sepsis. Las causas predisponentes a la infección materna así como todos aquellos factores que inciden en una mayor mortalidad de los pacientes sépticos de un modo general, tratando de puntualizar todos aquellos que puedan tener valor predictivo de mortalidad y que conduzcan a un mejor criterio administrativo de los recursos tan dispensiosos que se utilizan en el manejo del paciente crítico. Se analiza la falta de múltiples órganos en relación a la sepsis y las implicaciones que tienen en la mortalidad materna