RESUMO

Triturated Moringa oleifera seeds have components that adsorb recalcitrant indigo carmine dye. Coagulating proteins known as lectins (carbohydrate-binding proteins) have already been purified from the powder of these seeds, in milligram amounts. The coagulant lectin from M. oleifera seeds (cMoL) was characterized by potentiometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using MOFs, or metal-organic frameworks, of [Cu3(BTC)2(H2O)3]n to immobilize cMoL and construct biosensors. The potentiometric biosensor revealed an increase in the electrochemical potential resulting from the Pt/MOF/cMoL interaction with different concentrations of galactose in the electrolytic medium. The developed aluminum batteries constructed with recycled cans degraded an indigo carmine dye solution; the oxide reduction reactions of the batteries generated Al(OH)3, promoting dye electrocoagulation. Biosensors were used to investigate cMoL interactions with a specific galactose concentration and monitored residual dye. SEM revealed the components of the electrode assembly steps. Cyclic voltammetry showed differentiated redox peaks related to dye residue quantification by cMoL. Electrochemical systems were used to evaluate cMoL interactions with galactose ligands and efficiently degraded dye. Biosensors could be used for lectin characterization and monitoring dye residues in environmental effluents of the textile industry.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A novel, unique electroanalytical method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of the dyes indigo carmine (IC) and allura red (AR) in candies by coupling flow injection analysis and multiple pulse amperometry with a cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode, using 0.30 mol L-1 H2SO4 as supporting electrolyte. A dual-potential waveform was employed, causing the electrooxidation of either IC solely or IC and AR simultaneously. Thence, subtraction of current signals was used to quantify IC and AR in the concentration ranges of 70.0-1000 nmol L-1 and 40.0-770 nmol L-1, with limits of detection of 40.0 nmol L-1 and 7.0 nmol L-1, respectively. The proposed method, which permits up to 153 determinations per hour with good precision, was successfully applied in the quantification of these dyes in samples of commercial candies; their obtained contents were similar (at a 95% confidence level) to those from a comparative HPLC method.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The bioremediation and electro-oxidation (EO) processes are included among the most promising cleaning and decontamination mechanisms of water. The efficiency of bioremediation is dictated by the biological actuator for a specific substrate, its suitable immobilization and all involved biochemical concepts. The EO performance is defined by the anode efficiency to perform the complete mineralization of target compounds and is highlighted by the low or null use of reagent. Recently, the combination of both technologies has been proposed. Thus, the development of high efficient, low cost and eco-friendly anodes for sustainable EO, as well as, supporting devices for immobilization of biological systems applied in bioremediation is an open field of research. Therefore, the aim of this work was to promote the bio-electrochemical remediation of indigo carmine dye (widely common in textile industry), using new anode based on a microporous activated carbon fiber felt (ACFF) and ACFF with immobilized Laccase (Lcc) from Pycnoporus sanguineus. The results were discolorations of 62.7% with ACFF anode and 83.60% with ACFF-MANAE-Lcc anode, both for 60 min in tap water. This remediation rates show that this new anode has low cost and efficiency in the degradation of indigo dye and can be applied for other organic pollutant.

Assuntos

RESUMO

La cromoendoscopia se define como la aplicación tópica de colorante acuoso en la mucosa del tracto gastrointestinal. Estos colorantes tienen la función de mostrar cambios tempranos o discretos que pasan sin ser notados para el examen convencional, lo que permite la colecta de tejidos alterados o seguimiento de las enfermedades pre existentes. En medicina veterinaria, no fueron encontrados estudios que han utilizado esta técnica, pero hay muchas situaciones en las que puede ser empleado como la investigación o monitoreo: esofagitis (tales como esófago de Barrett en los seres humanos), lesiones erosivas gástricas o polipoidis y lesiones duodenales . Este trabajo se realizó en diez animales adultos, endoscopia (EGD) seguido por cromoendoscopia (CRE) y la recolección de biopsia del esófago, estómago (fondo, el cuerpo y antro pilórico) y el duodeno cuando esté disponible. Las biopsias fueron enviadas para histopatología e identificación de la presencia o ausencia de daños en el material recogido. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la técnica de la cromoendoscopia en perros, evaluar su eficacia en la identificación y la delimitación de las lesiones en el tracto digestivo superior de estos animales y correlacionar los hallazgos endoscópicos antes y después de la aplicación de la técnica a los resultados histopatológicos. La correlación entre la EGD y la CRE porhistopatología (patrón oro) se evaluó mediante la prueba de Kappa. Los resultados mostraronun acuerdo significativo en la CRE esófago con una precisión de 83,33%. Acuerdo Moderadoen la endoscopia convencional EGD del esófago con una precisión de 83,33% y CRE delfondus, el cuerpo y el antro pilórico con una precisión de 70%. Acuerdo razonable en CREestómago con una precisión de 70%. Concordancia moderada en EGD de antro y EGD y CREde duodeno con una precisión de 50%, 40% y 40% respectivamente. No hubo correlaciónentre los ensayos en el EGD de fondo, el cuerpo y el estómago con una precisión de [...](AU)

Chromoendoscopy is defined as the topical application of aqueous dye in the gastrointestinal tract mucosa. These dyes have the function of showing early or discrete changes which may go unnoticed in conventional examination. Therefore, this procedure enables altered tissue collection or monitoring of pre-existing diseases. In Veterinary Medicine, there were no studies that have used this technique, but there are many conditions in which it can be employed as research or monitoring of esophagitis (such as humans Barrett"s esophagus), erosive or polypoid gastric lesions and duodenal injuries. In the present study, ten adult dogs underwent endoscopy (EGD), followed by chromoendoscopy (CRE) and biopsy of esophagus, stomach (fundus, body and pyloric antrum) and duodenum, when available. Biopsies were sent for histopathology for identification of presence or absence of lesions in the collected samples. The aim of this study was to describe the technique of chromoendoscopy in dogs, evaluate its effectiveness on the identification and delineation of lesions in the upper digestive tract of dogs and correlate endoscopic findings before and after application of the technique with histopathologic results. The correlation between EGD and CRE by histopathology (gold standard) was evaluated using the Kappa test. The results showed significant agreement in CRE of esophagus with accuracy of 83. Moderateagreement in conventional endoscopy (CE) of esophagus and CRE of fundus, body andpyloric antrum were demonstrated with an accuracy of 83.33%, 70%, 70% and 70%respectively. Fair agreement was found in CRE of stomach, with an accuracy of 70%. Therewas poor agreement in EGD of pyloric antrum and EGD and CRE of duodenum, with anaccuracy of 50%, 40% and 40% respectively. There was no correlation between the tests [...](AU)

A Cromoendoscopia é definida como a aplicação tópica de corantes aquosos na mucosa do trato gastrointestinal. Estes corantes têm a função de evidenciar alterações precoces ou discretas que passariam despercebidas ao exame convencional, permitindo, assim, a coleta de tecido alterado ou o acompanhamento de doenças pré-existentes. Na Medicina Veterinária, não foram encontrados trabalhos que tenham utilizado esta técnica, mas há muitas situações em que ela pode ser empregada, como na pesquisa ou no acompanhamento de: esofagites (como esôfago de Barrett em humanos), lesões gástricas erosivas ou polipoides e lesões duodenais. Neste trabalho, dez cães adultos foram submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA) seguida de cromoendoscopia (CRE) e biopsia de esôfago, estômago (fundo, corpo e antro pilórico) e duodeno quando acessível. As biopsias foram enviadas para exame histopatológico com o objetivo de identificar a presença ou ausência de lesão no material coletado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a aplicação da técnica de cromoendoscopia em cães, avaliar sua eficácia quanto à identificação e delimitação de lesões no trato digestório superior destes animais e correlacionar os achados endoscópicos pré e pós-aplicação da técnica com os resultados histopatológicos. A correlação da endoscopia convencional (E.C). e da CRE com o exame histopatológico (padrão ouro) foi avaliada pelo teste de Kappa e osresultados demonstraram concordância importante na CRE de esôfago com acurácia de83,33%. Concordância moderada foi observada na E.C. de esôfago e na CRE de fundo, corpoe antro piloro com acurácia de 83,33%, 70%, 70% e 70%, respectivamente. Concordânciarazoável foi demonstrada na CRE de estômago com acurácia de 70%. Concordância ruim foiencontrada na E.C. de antro pilórico e na E.C. e CRE de duodeno com acurácia de 50%, 40%e 40% [...](AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

La cromoendoscopia se define como la aplicación tópica de colorante acuoso en la mucosa del tracto gastrointestinal. Estos colorantes tienen la función de mostrar cambios tempranos o discretos que pasan sin ser notados para el examen convencional, lo que permite la colecta de tejidos alterados o seguimiento de las enfermedades pre existentes. En medicina veterinaria, no fueron encontrados estudios que han utilizado esta técnica, pero hay muchas situaciones en las que puede ser empleado como la investigación o monitoreo: esofagitis (tales como esófago de Barrett en los seres humanos), lesiones erosivas gástricas o polipoidis y lesiones duodenales . Este trabajo se realizó en diez animales adultos, endoscopia (EGD) seguido por cromoendoscopia (CRE) y la recolección de biopsia del esófago, estómago (fondo, el cuerpo y antro pilórico) y el duodeno cuando esté disponible. Las biopsias fueron enviadas para histopatología e identificación de la presencia o ausencia de daños en el material recogido. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la técnica de la cromoendoscopia en perros, evaluar su eficacia en la identificación y la delimitación de las lesiones en el tracto digestivo superior de estos animales y correlacionar los hallazgos endoscópicos antes y después de la aplicación de la técnica a los resultados histopatológicos. La correlación entre la EGD y la CRE porhistopatología (patrón oro) se evaluó mediante la prueba de Kappa. Los resultados mostraronun acuerdo significativo en la CRE esófago con una precisión de 83,33%. Acuerdo Moderadoen la endoscopia convencional EGD del esófago con una precisión de 83,33% y CRE delfondus, el cuerpo y el antro pilórico con una precisión de 70%. Acuerdo razonable en CREestómago con una precisión de 70%. Concordancia moderada en EGD de antro y EGD y CREde duodeno con una precisión de 50%, 40% y 40% respectivamente. No hubo correlaciónentre los ensayos en el EGD de fondo, el cuerpo y el estómago con una precisión de [...]

Chromoendoscopy is defined as the topical application of aqueous dye in the gastrointestinal tract mucosa. These dyes have the function of showing early or discrete changes which may go unnoticed in conventional examination. Therefore, this procedure enables altered tissue collection or monitoring of pre-existing diseases. In Veterinary Medicine, there were no studies that have used this technique, but there are many conditions in which it can be employed as research or monitoring of esophagitis (such as humans Barrett"s esophagus), erosive or polypoid gastric lesions and duodenal injuries. In the present study, ten adult dogs underwent endoscopy (EGD), followed by chromoendoscopy (CRE) and biopsy of esophagus, stomach (fundus, body and pyloric antrum) and duodenum, when available. Biopsies were sent for histopathology for identification of presence or absence of lesions in the collected samples. The aim of this study was to describe the technique of chromoendoscopy in dogs, evaluate its effectiveness on the identification and delineation of lesions in the upper digestive tract of dogs and correlate endoscopic findings before and after application of the technique with histopathologic results. The correlation between EGD and CRE by histopathology (gold standard) was evaluated using the Kappa test. The results showed significant agreement in CRE of esophagus with accuracy of 83. Moderateagreement in conventional endoscopy (CE) of esophagus and CRE of fundus, body andpyloric antrum were demonstrated with an accuracy of 83.33%, 70%, 70% and 70%respectively. Fair agreement was found in CRE of stomach, with an accuracy of 70%. Therewas poor agreement in EGD of pyloric antrum and EGD and CRE of duodenum, with anaccuracy of 50%, 40% and 40% respectively. There was no correlation between the tests [...]

A Cromoendoscopia é definida como a aplicação tópica de corantes aquosos na mucosa do trato gastrointestinal. Estes corantes têm a função de evidenciar alterações precoces ou discretas que passariam despercebidas ao exame convencional, permitindo, assim, a coleta de tecido alterado ou o acompanhamento de doenças pré-existentes. Na Medicina Veterinária, não foram encontrados trabalhos que tenham utilizado esta técnica, mas há muitas situações em que ela pode ser empregada, como na pesquisa ou no acompanhamento de: esofagites (como esôfago de Barrett em humanos), lesões gástricas erosivas ou polipoides e lesões duodenais. Neste trabalho, dez cães adultos foram submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA) seguida de cromoendoscopia (CRE) e biopsia de esôfago, estômago (fundo, corpo e antro pilórico) e duodeno quando acessível. As biopsias foram enviadas para exame histopatológico com o objetivo de identificar a presença ou ausência de lesão no material coletado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a aplicação da técnica de cromoendoscopia em cães, avaliar sua eficácia quanto à identificação e delimitação de lesões no trato digestório superior destes animais e correlacionar os achados endoscópicos pré e pós-aplicação da técnica com os resultados histopatológicos. A correlação da endoscopia convencional (E.C). e da CRE com o exame histopatológico (padrão ouro) foi avaliada pelo teste de Kappa e osresultados demonstraram concordância importante na CRE de esôfago com acurácia de83,33%. Concordância moderada foi observada na E.C. de esôfago e na CRE de fundo, corpoe antro piloro com acurácia de 83,33%, 70%, 70% e 70%, respectivamente. Concordânciarazoável foi demonstrada na CRE de estômago com acurácia de 70%. Concordância ruim foiencontrada na E.C. de antro pilórico e na E.C. e CRE de duodeno com acurácia de 50%, 40%e 40% [...]

Assuntos

RESUMO

The degradation of the dye indigo carmine in aqueous solution induced by two oxidative processes (H(2)O(2)/iodide and O(3)) was investigated. The reactions were monitored by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the negative ion mode, ESI(-)-MS, and the intermediates and oxidation products characterized by ESI(-)-MS/MS. Both oxidative systems showed to be highly efficient in removing the color of the dye aqueous solutions. In the ESI(-)-MS of the indigo carmine solution treated with H(2)O(2) and H(2)O(2)/iodide, the presence of the ions of m/z 210 (indigo carmine in its anionic form, 1), 216, 226, 235, and 244 was noticeable. The anion of m/z 235 was proposed to be the unprecedented hydroperoxide intermediate 2 formed in solution via an electrophilic attack by hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals of the exocyclic C=C bond of 1. This intermediate was suggested to be rapidly converted into the anionic forms of 2,3-dioxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonic acid (3, m/z 226), 2-amino-alpha-oxo-5-sulfo-benzeneacetic acid (4, m/z 244), and 2-amino-5-sulfo-benzoic acid (5, m/z 216). In the ESI(-)-MS of the indigo carmine solution treated with O(3), two main anions were detected: m/z 216 (5) and 244 (4). Both products were proposed to be produced via an unstable ozonide intermediate. Other anions in this ESI(-) mass spectrum were attributed to be [4 - H + Na](-) of m/z 266, [4 - H](2-) of m/z 121.5, and [5 - H](2-) of m/z 107.5. ESI-MS/MS data were consistent with the proposed structures for the anionic products 2-5.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This article reports on the first application of a modified version of the bilinear least-squares model to absorbance-pH second-order data recorded for complex samples. The latter are composed of fruit drink powders, where four different analytes and additional background components occur. The analytes are the common juice colorants tartrazine, yellow sunset, allura red and indigo carmine. The data have been measured after generating a double pH gradient within a flow injection system. The selected chemometric methodology adequately exploits the second-order advantage, needed to take into account the background interferents present in real samples. Due to severe spectral overlapping between the acid and basic forms of each of the colorants in the working pH range, other second-order multivariate calibration methods such as parallel factor analysis and multivariate curve resolution-alternating least-squares could not be successfully applied to the presently studied samples. Recoveries of 94.8, 104.7, 109.3 and 105.3% were obtained for yellow sunset, indigo carmine, allura red and tartrazine respectively in the real test samples.

Assuntos