RESUMO
Beef is an excellent source of nutrients; unfortunately, most nutritional recommendations suggest limiting or even avoiding it. Studies have shown that the fatty acid composition of meat influences weight loss. This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the anthropometric and serum lipid changes after a food intervention that included frequent beef consumption (120 g consumed four days/week for four weeks). Volunteers were randomly assigned to the commercial or Wagyu-Cross beef groups, with the latter beef possessing higher fat and MUFA contents. Both groups exhibited reductions in body measurements and lipid profiles; however, the Wagyu-Cross group exhibited greater changes in weight (-3.75 vs. -2.90 kg) and BMI (-1.49 vs. -1.03) than the commercial group, without a significant difference between them. No significant group differences in lipid profiles were observed; however, the Wagyu-Cross group exhibited a more favorable change in decreasing the TC concentration (-7.00 mg/dL) and LDL-C concentration (-12.5 mg/dL). We suggest that high MUFA beef could be included in weight-loss programs since it does not affect weight loss and hasn't a negative influence on lipid metabolism.
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos , Carne , Animais , Bovinos , LDL-Colesterol , Humanos , Voluntários , Redução de PesoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In Argentina, health insurances demand a 24-month duration preoperative weight loss program (POWLP) before bariatric surgery. It is unknown whether it enhances weight loss before or after surgery, or even if it is related to comorbidity remission. The main objective of this study was to determine its effectiveness and reliability. METHODS: An observational, longitudinal, retrospective study was carried out from June 2009 to December 2016, enrolling patients who underwent bariatric surgery in Sanatorio Allende Hospital of Cordoba, Argentina. Patients were divided into three groups according time-to-surgery from preoperative assessment initiation (A = before the 6th month, B = from 6th to 24th month, and C = over 24th month; all related to the first visit as previously mentioned). BMI, %EWL, comorbidity remission BMI, %EWL, comorbidity remission, and complications rate were assessed after surgery at 1, 3, 6, 12 months, and then annually until the 5th postoperative year. Revisional surgeries were excluded. RESULTS: Three hundred seventy-six patients were recruited. There were no significant differences in the preoperative and postoperative weight loss, neither co-morbidities resolution between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Insurance-related delay in access to bariatric surgery is not associated to any benefit in comorbidity remission, as well as any improvement in weight loss in all groups studied.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Derivação Gástrica , Laparoscopia , Obesidade Mórbida , Gastrectomia , Humanos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to examine whether a type of exercise favors better compliance with a prescribed diet, higher eating-related motivation, healthier diet composition or greater changes in body composition in overweight and obese subjects. One hundred and sixty-two (males n = 79), aged 18-50 years, were randomized into four intervention groups during 24 weeks: strength, endurance, combined strength + endurance and guideline-based physical activity; all in combination with a 25-30% caloric restriction diet. A food frequency questionnaire and a "3-day food and drink record" were applied pre- and post-intervention. Diet and exercise-related motivation levels were evaluated with a questionnaire developed for this study. Body composition was assessed by DXA and habitual physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Body weight, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage decreased and lean body mass increased after the intervention, without differences by groups. No interactions were observed between intervention groups and time; all showing a decreased in energy intake (p < 0.001). Carbohydrate and protein intakes increased, and fat intake decreased from pre- to post-intervention without significant interactions with intervention groups, BMI category or gender (p < 0.001). Diet-related motivation showed a tendency to increase from pre- to post-intervention (70.0 ± 0.5 vs 71.0 ± 0.6, p = 0.053), without significant interactions with intervention groups, BMI or gender. Regarding motivation for exercise, gender x time interactions were observed (F(1,146) = 7.452, p = 0.007): Women increased their motivation after the intervention (pre: 17.6 ± 0.3, post: 18.2 ± 0.3), while men maintained it. These findings suggest that there are no substantial effects of exercise type on energy intake, macronutrient selection or body composition changes. After a six-month weight loss program, individuals did not reduce their motivation related to diet or exercise, especially women. Individuals who initiate a long-term exercise program do not increase their energy intake in a compensatory fashion, if diet advices are included.
Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Obesidade/terapia , Sobrepeso/terapia , Programas de Redução de Peso/métodos , Acelerometria , Adolescente , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Dieta Redutora/psicologia , Ingestão de Energia , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Motivação , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/psicologia , Sobrepeso/fisiopatologia , Sobrepeso/psicologia , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Introduction: Obesity is a disease characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat with health damaging effects. Objective: To assess the impact of two programs for the treatment of grade III obesity, hospitalization and ambulatory care, on weight loss and body composition. Methods: This was a retrospective study based on the analysis of the medical records ofpatients submitted to the above programs between 1990 and2005, with evaluation of weight evolution, body circumferences (abdominal, hip and arm), fat mass (FM, kg) and fat-free mass (FFM, kg). Results: A total of 50 medical records were evaluated, 54% of them concerning patients of the hospitalization program (HP). Both programs were efficient in promoting weight loss, however, it was greater for HP. HP led to reduction of all body circumferences and of FM but its cost was 80 times higher than the ambulatory program. Conclusion: On the basis of the data evaluated, despite its much higher cost, the HP yielded more effective results in terms of weight loss and change of body composition.
Introducción: La obesidad es una enfermedad caracterizada por la acumulación excesiva de grasa corporal, con efectos nocivos para la salud. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de dos programas para el tratamiento de la obesidad grado III: hospitalización y ambulatorio, en la pérdida de peso y composición corporal. Método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo basado en el análisis de las historias clínicas de los pacientes sometidos a los dos programas, entre 1990 y 2005, con la evaluación de la evolución del peso, circunferencias corporales (cadera, abdominal, y del brazo), la masa grasa (MG, kg) y masa libre de grasa (MLG, kg). Resultados: Un total de 50 historias clínicas fueron evaluadas, siendo la mayoría (54%), de los pacientes del programa de hospitalización (PH). Los dos programas fueron eficaces en la promoción de la pérdida de peso, pero esta pérdida fue mayor para el PH; que llevó a una reducción de todas las medidas de las circunferencias corporales y de la MG. Sin embargo, su costo fue 80 veces mayor que el del programa de ambulatorio. Conclusión: Sobre la base de los datos evaluados, a pesar de su costo mucho más alto, el HP dió resultados más eficaces en términos de pérdida de peso y en el cambio de la composición corporal.
Assuntos
Humanos , Pacientes , Terapêutica , Serviços Técnicos Hospitalares , Composição Corporal , Assistência Ambulatorial , Obesidade , Brasil , Estudo ComparativoRESUMO
O texto tem como objetivo refletir sobre o comer contemporâneo, partindo de um estudo sobre estratégias educativas utilizadas pelos programas de emagrecimento oferecidos via Internet, o qual detecta uma possível transição da ideia de fazer dieta para a de reeducação alimentar. Identifica que a principal mensagem preconizada pelos sites é "emagrecer, de uma forma saudável, equilibrada e natural, através da adoção de novos hábitos alimentares, em que se pode comer de tudo, sem privações e sacrifícios, com prazer, sem privar-se da vida social", e que os mesmos utilizam o conjunto das estratégias combinando três elementos fundamentais: o estímulo e motivação com um forte apoio psicológico e de marketing; "comer de tudo" com a promessa de não abrir mão do prazer e o "sem passar fome" como controlar o apetite. O texto ainda discute aspectos sobre a ressignificação do comer, da comida e dos alimentos que passam pela construção de uma nova distinção alimentar. Finaliza destacando que o momento atual parece construir bases que sustentam a disciplina alimentar contemporânea. Esta nova disciplina, se assim pode-se denominar, transpõe da negação plena do comer, presente nas dietas tradicionais, para uma tentativa de afirmação da dieta, a partir do resgate da dimensão do prazer em comer.
The paper aims to reflect on contemporary eating based on a study on educational strategies used by weight-loss programs offered through the Internet, which detect a possible transition from the idea of dieting for the eating re-education. It identifies the main message put forward by the sites is "lose weight in a healthy, balanced and natural way, through the adoption of new eating habits, where you can eat everything without hardship and sacrifice, with pleasure, without deprivation of social life" and that they use the sort of strategies combining three elements: the encouragement and motivation with a strong psychological and marketing, "eat everything" with the promise of not giving up the pleasure and the "no hunger" how to control the appetite. The paper also discusses aspects of the new meaning of eating and food that involves the construction of a new eating distinction. Finally, we remark that the present moment seems to build basis that support the contemporary eating discipline. This new discipline, if we can call it so, crosses the complete denial of food, found in traditional diets, to an attempt to reaffirm diet, by recovering the pleasure of eating.