RESUMO
There are no records of autochthonous cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Curitiba, Paraná state, Brazil. In 2020, a male French bulldog (CW01), approximately 2 years old was taken by its owners to a private veterinarian clinic. The suspicion of CVL was confirmed by means of a serology test (ELISA/IFAT reagent), rapid chromatographic immunoassay (DPP®) (ELISA - Biomanguinhos®), parasitological culture and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The animal routinely frequented parks in Curitiba and was taken on several trips to the municipalities of Bombinhas and Balneário Camboriú (Santa Catarina) and to Matinhos (Paraná) where CVL had not previously been reported. Treatment was initiated orally with Milteforan™ which resulted in a significant reduction in the parasitic load. The suspicion of autochthony was investigated through entomological research. A total of 10 traps were installed, one at the animal's home, seven in adjacent city blocks and two in a forest edge. No sandflies were trapped in the dog's home and adjacent houses. The traps in the forest edge caught one Migonemyia migonei female and five Brumptomyia spp. females. This case serves as a warning of the possible introduction of CVL in the city of Curitiba.(AU)
Não há registros de casos autóctones de leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) no município de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Em 2020, um "bulldog" francês macho (CW01), com aproximadamente 2 anos de idade, foi levado por seus donos a uma clínica veterinária particular. A suspeita de LVC foi confirmada por meio de teste sorológico (reagente ELISA/IFAT), imunoensaio cromatográfico rápido (DPP®) (ELISA - Biomanguinhos®), cultura parasitológica e reação quantitativa em cadeia da polimerase (qPCR). O animal frequentava, rotineiramente, parques de Curitiba e foi levado em diversas viagens para Bombinhas e Balneário Camboriú (Santa Catarina) e para Matinhos (Paraná), onde a LVC não havia sido relatada anteriormente. O tratamento foi iniciado por via oral com Milteforan™ (Virbac) o que resultou em redução significativa da carga parasitária. A suspeita de autóctone foi investigada por meio de pesquisa entomológica. Foram instaladas 10 armadilhas, uma na casa do animal, sete em quarteirões adjacentes e duas na borda da mata. Nenhum inseto foi capturado na casa do proprietário do animal e nas casas adjacentes. As armadilhas na borda da mata capturaram uma fêmea de Migonemyia migonei e cinco Brumptomyia spp. fêmeas. Este caso serve de alerta para a possível introdução da LVC na cidade de Curitiba.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças Negligenciadas/veterinária , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , BrasilRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In tropical environments, abandoned animals can be an important source for human zoonotic infections, such as human visceral leishmaniasis and other vector-borne diseases. Here, we report the frequency of protozoan and helminth intestinal parasites in stray dogs, which might have an implication for human health in urban Brazilian settings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed necropsies on 93 animals, euthanized due to canine visceral leishmaniasis control program, and examined their intestines looking for the presence of helminths; we determined the parasite load, and the elimination of eggs and cysts of protozoan parasites in fecal samples. Further, we performed serology tests for the detection of specific antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. RESULTS: Overall, a high prevalence of intestinal parasites with potential for human zoonoses resulted and only 8.6% of examined intestines remained negative. The most prevalent helminths were Ancylostoma caninum and Dipylidium caninum. For nematodes, high worm burdens were detected for A. caninum and Trichuris vulpis. Additionally, we analyzed worm burdens and quantitative stool examinations, but found no significant association between positive serology for Leishmania infection and intestinal parasite burden. Interestingly, serology for T. gondii infection revealed a prevalence of 33.3% and a positive result was significantly associated with a higher A. caninum adult worm recovery (p = 0.0087). CONCLUSION: Our results showed stray dogs living in urban areas are heavily parasitized, which presents a potential risk for humans. Beyond the control of canine visceral leishmaniasis, we propose an improvement of the control program to reduce the risk for other parasitic diseases in dogs and humans.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Cães/parasitologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/veterinária , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Animais , Animais Selvagens/parasitologia , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Enteropatias Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Intestinos/parasitologia , Leishmania , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Masculino , Carga Parasitária , Prevalência , Reforma Urbana , ZoonosesRESUMO
Neste estudo foi analisada a distribuição de isotipos de imunoglobulinas IgG1, IgG2 e IgE envolvidas na resposta a Leishmania no soro e a expressão de mRNA para IFN-g e IL-4 in situ no baço de cães naturalmente infectados com L.infantum com diferentes perfis de susceptibilidade ou resistência à doença. A atividade sérica de anticorpos do isotipo IgG1 contra Leishmania tendeu a ser maior nos animais com teste cutêneo da Leishmanina negativo e com parasitismo esplênico (grupo infectado potencialmente susceptível, 0,424±0,401) que nos outros grupos: com teste cutêneo da Leishmanina positivo e ausência de parasitismo esplênico (grupo infectado potencialmente resistente, 0,226±0,114), ou com ambos teste cutêneo da Leishmanina e cultura esplênica positivos (grupo em fase indeterminada da doença, 0,234±0,125) ou com ambos os parâmetros negativos (grupo potencialmente não infectado, 0,159±0,044). Essa diferença não foi, contudo estatisticamente significante (ANOVA, P=0,1450). IgG2 específica anti-Leishmania foi maior (ANOVA P=0,0001)...
We analyzed the distribution immunoglobulin isotypes IgG1, IgG2 and IgE involved in the response to Leishmania and the mRNA expression for IFN-g and IL-4 in situ in the spleen of dogs naturally infected with IgG1 antibody anti-Leishmania serum activity was higher in animals with negative Leishmanin skin test and splenic parasitism (infected and potencially susceptible to VL group, 0,424±0,401) than in other groups: positive Leishmanin skin test and negative splenic parasitism (infected and potentially resistant to VL group, 0,226±0,114), or both positive Leishmanin skin test and slpenic parasitism (infected with undefined susceptibility status group, 0234±0,125) or both negative parameters (non-infected group, 0159±0,044). This difference however was not statistically significant (ANOVA, P=0145)...
Assuntos
Humanos , Citocinas/análise , Citocinas/classificação , Citocinas/imunologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/imunologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/patologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/transmissão , Leishmaniose Visceral/urinaRESUMO
Canine visceral leishmaniasis, a systemic and chronic zoonosis, is caused in Brazil by the protozoan Leishmania chagasi, a widely accepted synonym for Leishmania infantum. The agent and disease has recently arrived in Uberlândia city, Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this research, hematological parameters and gross lesions of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis were compared, to highlight aspects of disease in a recent outbreak. For this purpose forty mongrel dogs from Uberlândia seroreagents by ELISA and RIFI tests were selected. Animals were categorized as asymptomatic,(AS); oligosympytomatic (OS) and symptomatic (SS). Blood samples were collected and dogs were euthanized according to Brazilian Federal rules. Animals were then submitted to standard necropsy procedures at Veterinary Pathology sector of the Federal University of Uberlândia. Most prominent alterations were of observed in respiratory and integumentary systems, with pilose rarefaction (OS: 41.7%, SS: 60.1%), specially periocular (OS: 25.0 %, SS: 26.1%) and thoracic/pelvic members (OS: 25.0%, SS: 30.4%). Onychogryphosis (OS: 41.7%, SS: 39.1%), pulmonar edema (OS: 25.0%, SS: 39.1%), and congestion (OS: 41.7%, SS: 60.9%). Moreover animals displayed increase of several organs; liver (67.5%), spleen (60%), lymph nodes (72.5%) and kidney (47.5%). Hematological alterations included low red cell counts and decreased hemoglobin content. Overall, 27.5% of animals presented leukocitosis, 52.5 % of dogs had increased band neutrophil counts 5.0 % had basophilia and 42.5% monocytopenia. No correlations was found between hematological findings and clinical status of animals (asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic or symptomatic). Presumptively, we can conclude that, in asymptomatic animals there are hematological as well as gross alterations.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Leishmania infantum/fisiologia , Cães/microbiologia , Brasil , Leishmania infantumRESUMO
Canine visceral leishmaniasis, a systemic and chronic zoonosis, is caused in Brazil by the protozoan Leishmania chagasi, a widely accepted synonym for Leishmania infantum. The agent and disease has recently arrived in Uberlândia city, Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this research, hematological parameters and gross lesions of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis were compared, to highlight aspects of disease in a recent outbreak. For this purpose forty mongrel dogs from Uberlândia seroreagents by ELISA and RIFI tests were selected. Animals were categorized as asymptomatic,(AS); oligosympytomatic (OS) and symptomatic (SS). Blood samples were collected and dogs were euthanized according to Brazilian Federal rules. Animals were then submitted to standard necropsy procedures at Veterinary Pathology sector of the Federal University of Uberlândia. Most prominent alterations were of observed in respiratory and integumentary systems, with pilose rarefaction (OS: 41.7%, SS: 60.1%), specially periocular (OS: 25.0 %, SS: 26.1%) and thoracic/pelvic members (OS: 25.0%, SS: 30.4%). Onychogryphosis (OS: 41.7%, SS: 39.1%), pulmonar edema (OS: 25.0%, SS: 39.1%), and congestion (OS: 41.7%, SS: 60.9%). Moreover animals displayed increase of several organs; liver (67.5%), spleen (60%), lymph nodes (72.5%) and kidney (47.5%). Hematological alterations included low red cell counts and decreased hemoglobin cont
RESUMO
Iniciou-se um estudo sobre a ocorrência de leishmaniose visceral canina em cães do município de São Vicente Férrer noestado de Pernambuco. No período de julho de 2003 a julho de 2005, foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 503 cãesdomésticos, de diferentes localidades, escolhidos aleatoriamente, para exame pelo teste de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI).Foram processadas preliminarmente 503 amostras de soro, das quais 12,3% (62 amostras) estavam positivas para Leishmania.Quanto às titulações encontradas nos soros reagentes, 77,4% (48 amostras) tiveram títulos de 1:40; 9,6% (6 amostras), 1:80;8,0% (5 amostras), 1:160; 3,2% (2 amostras) e 1:320 e 1,6% (1 amostra) 1:640. A partir desse resultado foram selecionados20 dos cães sorologicamente positivos para realização do aspirado de medula óssea. Destes, 85% (17) apresentaramformas amastigotas de Leishmania sp. Este é o primeiro registro do encontro de cães sorologicamente positivos paraLeishmania no município de São Vicente Férrer, estado de Pernambuco, Brasil.(AU)
A study was initiated on the occurrence of Visceral Canine leishmaniasis in dogs of the Municipality of São Vicente Férrer in thestate of Pernambuco. In the period of July of 2003 the July of 2005, blood samples of 503 domestic dogs were collected fromdifferent localities, randou by and they were examined by using immunoflorecens test (IFAT). A total of 503 samples of serum were processed preliminarily of which 12.3% (62 samples) were positive for visceral leishmaniasis. Where 77.4% (48 samples) had headings of 1:40; 9.6% (6 samples) 1:80; 8.0% (5 samples) 1:160; 3.2% (2 samples) 1:320 and 1.6% (1 sample) 1:640. From this result 20 of the sorologicamente positive dogs for accomplishment of the inhaled one of borne marrow had been selected. Of these, 85% (17) had presented forms amastigotas of Leishmania sp. This is the first register of the detention of sorologicamente positive dogs for Leishmania at Municipality of São Vicente Férrer, in state of Pernambuco, Brazil.(AU)