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Introdução: Sarcomas são tumores raros e com apresentação heterogênea. São divididos em dois grandes grupos: tumores ósseos e de partes moles. A ocorrência na parede torácica é rara representando 8% de todos os sarcomas. O tratamento de escolha é a ressecção com margens ampliadas e quando ocorre a invasão de estruturas profundas, a toracectomia é indicada. A reconstrução do arcabouço ósseo é realizada com materiais de síntese proporcionando estabilidade e é seguida de da reconstrução de partes moles com retalhos musculares, musculocutâneos ou locais ao acaso. Objetivo: descrever os diferentes tipos de reconstrução, complicações e índice de complicações das cirurgias plásticas reparadoras realizadas em pacientes submetidos a toracectomias devido a ressecções oncológicas por sarcomas da parede torácica. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, observacional descritivo, com análise dos prontuários dos pacientes no A.C. Camargo Cancer Center. Foram analisados os retalhos utilizados, as complicações relacionadas aos retalhos e complicações clínicas. Resultados: Foram encontrados 22 pacientes: 12 do gênero masculino e 10 do gênero feminino. e a média de idade foi de 43 anos. Sarcomas primários representaram 81,8% da amostra. O tipo histológico mais frequente foi o condrossarcoma, com 7 pacientes. Em 17 casos os tumores foram encontrados no arcabouço torácico, em 4 no esterno e em 1 na região dorsal. Ressecção cirúrgica ampliada foi realizada em 20 pacientes (90,9%). A área média do defeito resultante da ressecção oncológica foi de 179,22 cm2, e a da massa tumoral, 45,10cm2. A área média dos retalhos foi de 97,4cm2. Material de síntese foi utilizado em 16 pacientes (72,7%). Retalhos cutâneos locais foram usados em 11 pacientes (50%), retalhos musculocutâneos, em 4 pacientes, sendo 3 de latíssimo do dorso (13,6%) e um do músculo reto do abdome com ilha de pele vertical (4,5%). Retalhos microcirúrgicos foram utilizados em 5 pacientes (22,7%) e retalho muscular de peitoral maior foi utilizado em 2 pacientes. Complicações relacionadas aos retalhos foram encontradas em 6 pacientes (27,3%) sendo Infecção a mais frequente, com 4 casos. O tamanho do defeito foi a única variável que apresentou relação com o aumento de complicações nos retalhos. Complicações clínicas estavam presentes em 9 pacientes (40,9%). Recorrência local ocorreu em 7 casos (31,8%) e metástases a distância ocorreram em 5 pacientes. A sobrevida global encontrada foi de 81,8% e a sobrevida livre de doença em 5 anos foi de 50%. Conclusão: A associação entre cirurgia plástica e a cirurgia torácica é preponderante para o tratamento cirúrgico dos sarcomas extensos da parede torácica. Os retalhos musculares, musculocutâneos e locais ao acaso são eficazes para a reconstrução das partes moles do tórax com baixo índice de complicações (AU)

Introduction: Sarcomas are rare tumors with a heterogeneous presentation. They are divided into two major groups: bone and soft tissue tumors. The occurrence in the chest wall is rare, representing 8% of all sarcomas. The treatment of choice is resection with wide margins and when invasion of deep structures occurs, thoracectomy is indicated. The reconstruction of the thoracic framework is performed with synthetic materials providing stability and is followed by the reconstruction of soft tissues with muscle, musculocutaneous or random flaps. Objective: To describe the different types of reconstruction, complications and complication rate of reconstructive plastic surgery performed on patients undergoing thoracectomies due to oncological resections due to chest wall sarcomas. Method: Retrospective, observational, descriptive study, with analysis of patients' medical records at A.C. Camargo Cancer Center. The flaps used, flap-related complications and clinical complications were analyzed. Results: 22 patients were found: 12 male and 10 female. and the average age was 43 years. Primary sarcomas represented 81.8% of the sample. The most frequent histological type was chondrosarcoma, with 7 patients. In 17 cases, tumors were found in the thoracic framework, in 4 in the sternum and in 1 in the dorsal region. Wide surgical resection was performed in 20 patients (90.9%). The mean area of the defect resulting from the oncological resection was 179.22 cm2, and that of the tumor mass, 45.10 cm2. The mean flap area was 97.4 cm2. Synthetic material was used in 16 patients (72.7%). Local skin flaps were used in 11 patients (50%), musculocutaneous flaps in 4 patients, 3 of which were latissimus dorsi (13.6%) and one of the rectus abdominis muscle with a vertical skin island (4.5%). Microsurgical flaps were used in 5 patients (22.7%) and muscle pectoralis flaps were used in 2 patients. Flap-related complications were found in 6 patients (27.3%), with infection being the most frequent, with 4 cases. The resulting defect size was the only variable that was related to the increase in complications in the flaps. Clinical complications were present in 9 patients (40.9%). Local recurrence occurred in 7 cases (31.8%) and distant metastases occurred in 5 patients. The overall survival found was 81.8% and the disease-free survival at 5 years was 50%. Conclusion: The association between plastic surgery and thoracic surgery is preponderant for the surgical treatment of extensive chest wall sarcomas. Muscle, musculocutaneous and random flaps are effective for the reconstruction of the soft parts of the chest with a low rate of complications (AU)

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SUMMARY: Veterinary oncology is very important nowadays to get a better understanding of human carcinogenesis. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and Human Epidermal Growth Factor receptor 2 are frequently evaluated by immunohistochemistry (HIC) in human breast tumor. WT1 is an oncogene, its overexpression has been detected in leukemia and diverse solid tumors like breast cancer, lung cancer and mesothelioma in humans. WT1 expression was evaluated in 15 canine breast tumors (CBT) diagnosed by histopathological analysis to find its relationship with neoplasia and malignancy. IHC and RT-PCR were performed in CBT tissues. Fisher´s test was used to analyze WT1 relationship with malignancy. Of the 15 tumors, 9 (60 %) were diagnosed as benign and 6 (40 %) were malignant. With IHC, WT1 expression was positive only in biopsies diagnosed as malignant. Expression of WT1 by RT-PCR was detected in 14 of the 15 tumors (93.33 %) as well as in control healthy mammary gland. Clinical significance: This study describes for the first time a close correlation between CBT and a positive result for WT1 expression with IHC; hence, it can be used as a biomarker for this neoplasia and as an indicator of malignancy. RT-PCR analysis also showed to be good option to detect WT1 expression. These results will be useful to further investigations to elucidate WT1-related signaling pathways in CBT. Also to know molecules that regulate the translation of this protein as a marker for tumor progression.

RESUMEN: La oncología veterinaria es muy importante hoy en día para comprender mejor la carcinogénesis humana. El receptor de estrógeno, el receptor de progesterona y el receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico humano se evalúan con frecuencia mediante inmunohistoquímica (HIC) en tumores de mama humanos. WT1 es un oncogén, su sobreexpresión se ha detectado en leucemia y en diversos tumores sólidos como el cáncer de mama, cáncer de pulmón y mesotelioma en humanos. La expresión de WT1 se evaluó en 15 tumores de mama caninos (TCC) diagnosticados mediante análisis histopatológico para encontrar su relación con la neoplasia y la malignidad. IHC y RT-PCR se realizaron en tejidos CBT. La prueba de Fisher se utilizó para analizar la relación de WT1 con la malignidad. De los 15 tumores, 9 (60 %) fueron diagnosticados como benignos y 6 (40 %) fueron malignos. Con IHC, la expresión de WT1 fue positiva solo en biopsias diagnosticadas como malignas. La expresión de WT1 por RT-PCR se detectó en 14 de los 15 tumores (93,33 %), así como en el control de la glándula mamaria sana. Importancia clínica: este estudio describe por primera vez una estrecha correlación entre la TCC y un resultado positivo para la expresión de WT1 con IHC; por lo tanto, se puede utilizar como un biomarcador para esta neoplasia y como un indicador de malignidad. El análisis por RT-PCR también demostró ser una buena opción para detectar la expresión de WT1. Estos resultados serán útiles para futuras investigaciones para dilucidar las vías de señalización relacionadas con WT1 en la TCC. También para conocer moléculas que regulan la traducción de esta proteína como marcador de progresión tumoral.

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Objetivo: Determinar asociaciones entre cáncer de mama específico por edades con tipo histológico y perfil inmunohistoquímico en pacientes de un hospital de nivel III Chiclayo-Perú, durante el periodo 2012-2015. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo transversal realizado en 271 pacientes diagnosticadas con carcinoma de mama a lo largo 4 años consecutivos. Se obtuvo información, trabajando con dos grupos etáreos (<55; >55) y aplicando una ficha de recolección de datos, partiendo de resultados de Anatomía patológica, en la cual se utilizaron criterios de inclusión/exclusión. Resultados: La edad promedio de las pacientes fue de 56,19 años, siendo la máxima 95 años, y la mínima 28. La edad promedio para el grupo menor a 55 años fue 44,77 años y para el grupo mayor a 55 años: 67,07; Ambos grupos mostraron características similares para su asociación para tipos histológicos (p = 0,353), como para perfiles Inmunohistoquímicos (p=0.757). Se obtuvo que el grupo etáreo <55 años, incluyo 123 casos (93,18%) con CDI (carcinoma ductal infiltrante), 3 (2,27%) con CLI (Carcinoma Lobulillar infiltrante), y tuvieron al subtipo molecular Luminal A como Luminal B con 63 (50,4%) y 23 (18,4%) respectivamente, para el grupo mayor a 55 años: CDI 123 (88,49%), CLI 8 (5,76%), Luminal A 73 (53,3%) y Luminal B 24 (17,5%). La frecuencia general mostró una tendencia bimodal así como los subtipos Luminal A, Luminal B, y Basal. Conclusiones: El carcinoma de mama más frecuente se dio en pacientes mayores a 55 años, con el tipo histológico de Carcinoma ductal Invasivo y el subtipo inmunohistoquímico Luminal A.

Objetive. The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between aged-specific histological types and immunohistochemical profiles in patients with breast carcinoma from a level III Hospital in Chiclayo- Peru, from 2012-2015. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out in 271 patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma. Information was gathered, according two age-specific groups (<55; >55) and by applying a data collection sheet, based on clinical records from the Pathological Anatomy Service. Results: The average age was 56.19 years, maximum age was 95 years and minimum age was 28. The average age for the first group (<55 years) was 44.7 years and the second group (>55years) was 67 years. The two groups showed similar characteristics for their association of histological types (p = 0,353), as well as for immunohistochemical profiles (p=0.757; p =0.576). Patients under 55 years included 123 with IDC (93.18%), 3 with ILC (2.27%), 63 with molecular subtype Luminal A(50.4%) and 23 with Luminal B (18.4%). For the group over 55 years: 123 with IDC (88.49%), 8 with ILC (5.76%), 73 with Luminal A(53.3%) and 24 with Luminal B (17.5%). The overall frequency showed a bimodal trend as well as the molecular subtypes: Luminal A, Luminal B,and Basal-like. Conclusions: Older patients presented a higher frequency of breast carcinoma than young patients, with CDI tumor type and Luminal Amolecular subtype.

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Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el tipo histológico según la localización tumoral en la sobrevida a 5 años de pacientes con carcinoma gástrico avanzado resecable. Material y métodos. El presente estudio analizó información de una serie de 95 pacientes. Los pacientes fueron agrupados de acuerdo al tipo histológico de la clasificación de Lauren y Jarvi en: tipo intestinal (n = 41), tipo difuso (n = 39) y mixto (n = 15), atendidos en el Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas IREN- Norte de Trujillo, periodo 2008 ­ 2013. Resultados: Las tasas de sobrevida a 5 años, en pacientes con adenocarcinoma gástrico de tipo histológico intestinal (n = 41) de acuerdo a la localización tumoral fueron de 60,6%, 47,1% y 0.0% ubicadas en cuerpo, antro y fondo respectivamente (p = 0,042). Las tasas de sobrevida a 5 años, en pacientes con adenocarcinoma gástrico de tipo histológico difuso (n = 39), de acuerdo a la localización tumoral fueron de 45,6% y 16.7% cuando las lesiones se ubicaron en cuerpo y antro gástrico respectivamente (p = 0.028). De acuerdo al tipo histológico mixto (n = 15) según localización tumoral, observamos que la sobrevida a 5 años de pacientes con lesiones en antro y cuerpo gástrico fueron de 68,2% y 50% respectivamente (p = 0,410). Conclusiones: El tipo histológico no constituye un factor pronóstico que tenga impacto en los resultados finales a largo plazo, sin embargo la localización tumoral al parecer si la tendría. Se hace necesario identificar con prontitud a otros factores clínicos, patológicos y moleculares de importancia pronóstica.

Objective: To determine the relationship between histological type according to tumor location and its impact on 5-year survival of patients with resectable advanced gastric carcinoma. Material and methods: This study analyzed data from a series of 95 patients. Patients were grouped according to histological type of Lauren classification and Jarvi in: intestinal type (n = 41), diffuse (n = 39) and mixed (n = 15), treated at the Regional Institute of Neoplastic Diseases IREN - North Trujillo, period 2008-2013. Results: Survival rates at 5 years in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma of intestinal histological type (n = 41) according to tumor location were 60.6%, 47.1% and 0.0% located in the body, antrum and background respectively (p = 0.042). Survival rates at 5 years in patients with diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma histology (n = 39) according to tumor location were 45.6% and 16.7% when the lesions were located in the gastric body and antrum respectively (p=0028).According to the mixed histology (n=15) according to tumor location, we note that the 5-year survival of patients with lesions in gastric antrum and body were 68.2% and 50% respectively (p = 0.410). Conclusions: The histological type is not a prognostic factor that impacts long-term end results, however apparently tumor location if you would. It is necessary to identify promptly to other clinical, pathological and molecular factors of importance forecast.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work is to study the survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain). MATERIAL AND METHOD: The Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate observed survival. The automatic calculation of the Catalan Institute of Oncology was used to analyse relative survival. RESULTS: Mean survival time was 25.74 months. There was no difference when comparing age groups (P=.151), gender (P=.369), and histological type of tumour (P=.086). Survival by stage of the disease at diagnosis revealed statistically significant differences (P<.001). Relative survival 5 years after diagnosis for the group analysed was 14%. Survival was higher for men (15.5%), in patients under 60 (16.7%) and squamous tumours (18.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Survival by tumour stage was in line with the TNM Staging System for Lung Cancer. These results suggest that overall survival rate for lung cancer in Zaragoza remains very low in the long term, and this depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis.

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Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva, de corte transversal y retrospectiva a 323 enfermos con el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama atendidas en el Servicio de Oncología del Hospital General Camilo Cienfuegos de Sancti Spíritus en el periodo comprendido entre Enero 2008 diciembre 2012. El cáncer de mama apareció con mayor frecuencia en las pacientes mayores de 50 años, representado por el sexo femenino. El mayor número de casos diagnosticados se ubicaron en los estadios iniciales. Al mayor por ciento de la muestra ensayada se le realizaron estudios imagenológico e histológicos respondieron a un diagnóstico sospechoso de malignidad. El tipo histológico más frecuente fue el Carcinoma ductal infiltrante y el mayor numero de tumores fue bien iferenciado. Recibieron tratamiento loco-regional la totalidad de los enfermos y tratamiento hormonal el 99,6 por ciento de los casos. El mayor número de recidivas apareció entre 6 y 12 meses después del tratamiento inicial, correspondiéndose con la etapa III c y estadio IV de la enfermedad. La enfermedadmetastásica tuvo fallo terapéutico en el primer año de tratamiento. Las metástasis a distancia aparecieron con mayor frecuencia en los estadios III. Fallecieron 62 aquejados en este período de tiempo(AU)

Was carried out a descriptive type investigation, of traverse court, retrospective to 323 sick persons with the cancer diagnosis of he/she suckles assisted in the Service of Oncology of the General Hospital Camilo Cienfuegos of Sancti Spíritus in the period understood among January 2003 - January 2008.El cancer of he/she suckles he/she appeared with morefrequency in the patients bigger than 50 years, represented by the feminine sex. The biggest number of diagnosed cases was located in the initial stadiums. To the biggest percent in the rehearsed sample they were carried out studies Imagenológico and histológicos they responded to a suspicious diagnosis of malignancy. The type more frequent histológico was the Carcinoma ductal infiltrante and the adult I number of tumors it was well differentiated.They received treatment loco-regional the entirety of the sick persons and hormonal treatment 99,6 percent of the cases. The biggest number of relapses appeared between 6 and 12 months after the initial treatment, belonging together with the stage III c and stadium IV of the illness. Theillness metastásica had therapeutic failure in the first year of treatment. The metastasis at distance appeared with more frequency in the stadiums III. 62 died in this period of time(AU)

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Oral cancer is a disease of high impact globally. It ranks as the sixth more frequent one among all types of cancer. In spite of being a widely known pathology and easy access to the diagnosis, the lack of epidemiological data reported in the last 10 years in Chile called attention to. At the global level, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a project called “GLOBOCAN” in order to collect epidemiological data of the global cancer, between its data, highlights the high incidence and high rate of mortality in the male sex, parameter that shows tendency to replicate in both America and Chile. In consequence to these data, a narrative review of the literature concerning the epidemiological profile of the different forms of oral cancer in the past 15 years was done. The diagnosis of oral cancer crosses transversely the Dental Science, forcing us to establish triads of work between oral and maxillofacial surgeons, pathologists and dentists of the various specialties, so as to allow a timely research, appropriate biopsies and histopathological studies finishes with the purpose of, on the one hand, obtain timely and accurate diagnostics, in addition, maintaining the epidemiological indicators...

El cáncer oral es una patología de alto impacto a nivel mundial, ocupando el sexto lugar más frecuente entre todos los tipos de cáncer. A pesar de unapatología ampliamente conocida y de fácil acceso al diagnóstico, llama la atención la falta de datos epidemiológicos reportados en los últimos 10 años en Chile. A nivelmundial, la Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS) ha desarrollado un proyecto denominado “GLOBOCAN”con el fin de recolectar datos epidemiológicos mundiales del cáncer, entre sus datos, destaca la gran incidencia y elevada tasa de mortalidad en el sexo masculino, parámetro que muestra tendencia a replicarse en tanto América como en Chile. En consecuencia a estos datos, se realizóuna revisión narrativa de la literatura, referente al perfil epidemiológico de las diferentes formas de cáncer oral enlos últimos 15 años. El diagnóstico del cáncer oral cruza de manera transversal a la Odontología, obligándonos a establecer triadas de trabajo entre cirujanos orales y maxilofaciales,patólogos y odontólogos de las diversas especialidades, para permitir así una oportuna pesquisa, biopsias adecuadas y estudios histopatológicos acabados con la finalidad de, por una parte, obtener diagnósticos oportunos y certeros, además, mantener actualizados los indicadores epidemiológicos...

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OBJETIVO: Comparar as características clinicopatológicas de mulheres com carcinoma seroso e não seroso de ovário e identificar os fatores associados à sobrevida. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas, neste estudo de coorte reconstituída, 152 mulheres com carcinoma de ovário, atendidas entre 1993 e 2008 e seguidas até 2010, nas quais o tipo histológico foi claramente estabelecido: 81 pacientes com carcinoma seroso e 71 pacientes com tumores não serosos (17 com carcinoma endometrioide, 44 com carcinoma mucinoso e 10 com carcinoma de células claras). Foram calculados os odds ratios (OR) brutos e os OR ajustados com os respectivos intervalos de confiança (IC95%) para as características clínicas e patológicas, comparando tumores serosos e não serosos. Foram calculados os Hazard Ratios (HR) com os respectivos IC95% em relação à sobrevida geral, para as variáveis clínicas e patológicas. RESULTADOS: Comparando os tipos seroso e não seroso, na análise univariada, os tumores serosos foram mais frequentes na pós-menopausa e eram preponderantemente carcinomas de alto grau histológico (G2 e G3), em estádios avançados, com CA125>250 U/mL e citologia peritoneal positiva. Após regressão múltipla, apenas o alto grau histológico se manteve associado com tumores serosos (OR ajustado 15,1; IC95% 2,9-77,9). Observamos 58 óbitos pela doença. O tipo histológico (seroso ou não seroso) não esteve associado com a sobrevida (HR 0,4; IC95% 0,1-1,1). Mulheres com idade de 50 anos ou menos (HR 0,4; IC95% 0,1-0,9) e aquelas que estavam em menacme (HR 0,3; IC95% 0,1-0,9) tiveram maior sobrevida quando comparadas, respectivamente, àquelas com idade acima de 50 anos e na menopausa. Carcinomas de alto grau histológico (G2 e G3) (p<0,01), estádio II a IV (p<0,008) e citologia peritoneal positiva (p<0,001) estiveram significativamente relacionados com pior prognóstico. O nível sérico de CA125 e a presença de ascite não se relacionaram com a sobrevida. A sobrevida foi menor quando a doença foi diagnosticada em estágios II a IV em comparação àquela das mulheres diagnosticadas no estádio I (log-rank p<0,01) independentemente do tipo histológico (seroso ou não seroso). CONCLUSÕES: A proporção de carcinomas de alto grau histológico (G2 ou G3) foi significativamente maior entre os carcinomas serosos comparados com não serosos. O tipo histológico seroso ou não seroso não esteve associado à sobrevida total.

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical-pathological features of women with serous and non-serous ovarian tumors and to identify the factors associated with survival. METHODS: In this reconstructed cohort study, 152 women with ovarian carcinoma, who attended medical consultations between 1993 and 2008 and who were followed-up until 2010 were included. The histological type was clearly established for all women: 81 serous carcinomas and 71 non-serous tumors (17 endometrioid, 44 mucinous and 10 clear cell carcinomas). The crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR), with the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), were calculated for the clinical and pathological features, comparing serous and non-serous histological types. The Hazard Ratios (HR) with 95%CI was calculated for overall survival, considering the clinical and pathological features. RESULTS: Comparison of serous to non-serous tumor types by univariate analysis revealed that serous tumors were more frequently found in postmenopausal women, and were predominantly high histological grade (G2 and G3), advanced stage, with CA125>250 U/mL, and with positive peritoneal cytology. After multivariate regression, the only association remaining was that of high histological grade with serous tumors (adjusted OR 15.1; 95%CI 2.9-77.9). We observed 58 deaths from the disease. There was no difference in overall survival between women with serous carcinoma and women with non-serous carcinoma (HR 0.4; 95%CI 0.1 - 1.1). It was observed that women aged 50 years or less (HR 0.4; 95%CI 0.1-0.9) and those who were in menacne (HR 0.3; 95%CI 0.1-0.9) had a longer survival compared respectively to those above 50 years of age and menopaused. High histological grade (G2 and G3) (p<0.01), stages II-IV (p<0.008) and positive cytology (p<0.001) were significantly associated with worse prognosis. CA125 and the presence of ascites did not correlate with survival. Survival was poor when the disease was diagnosed in stages II to IV and compared to stage I (log-rank p<0.01) regardless of histological type (serous and non-serous). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of high histological grade (G2 and G3) was significantly higher among serous than non-serous carcinomas. Serous and non-serous histological types were not related to overall survival.

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Introducción: El carcinoma basocelular (CBC) corresponde a la neoplasia maligna más común en la población humana. Sus tasas de incidencia están aumentando en todo el mundo. Objetivo: El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar la localización anatómica del CBC facial y cuero cabelludo, por sexo y agresividad histológica. Metodología: Se analizaron 1732 casos de CBC (958 mujeres, 774 hombres), provenientes de 4 hospitales públicos de Santiago, Chile, durante los años 2005-2009. Las localizaciones analizadas fueron: cuero cabelludo, la frente, los párpados, la zona del ojo, las orejas, la mejilla izquierda, mejilla derecha, región medio facial y el mentón. Los subtipos histológicos Micronodular, Morfeiforme y Metatípico fueron clasificados como histológicamente agresivos, mientras que los tipos histológicos Sólido, Queratótico, Quístico, Adenoideo y Superficial se clasificaron como histológicamente no agresivos. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante la prueba de Chi cuadrado. Resultados: Se observó una mayor frecuencia de CBC en la región medio facial (42,8 por ciento) seguida de la frente (11,3 por ciento), el párpado (10 por ciento), las orejas (7,5 por ciento), el cuero cabelludo (4,21 por ciento) y el mentón (1,85 por ciento). Discusión: Estos resultados están de acuerdo en su gran mayoría con los obtenidos en publicaciones internacionales. La distribución del CBC en cara está relacionada directamente con el grado de exposición a la radiación ultravioleta de cada sitio anatómico. En cuanto al género, la frecuencia de CBC fue mayor en mujeres que en hombres en todos los lugares anatómicos en el rostro. En el cuero cabelludo, los hombres mostraron una mayor proporción de CBC. En cuanto a la agresividad de los tumores, no hubo diferencias significativas en los lugares observados. Además, los histológicamente no agresivos fueron mayores en frecuencia en todas las localizaciones dentro de la cabeza...

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is now the most common malignancy in the human population. Its incidence rates are increasing worldwide. Objective: The purpose of this research was to analyze the anatomical location of facial and scalp BCC, per gender and histological aggressiveness. Methodology: A total of 1732 (958 females, 774 males), BCC from 4 state hospitals from Santiago, Chile (2005-2009) was studied. The analyzed subsides were: scalp, forehead, eyelid, eye zone, ears, left cheek, right cheek, middle face and chin. Micronodular, Morpheiform and Metatipical histological subtypes were classified as aggressive and Superficial, Keratotic, Adenoid, Nodular were classified as non-aggressive histological subtypes. The statistical analysis was performed by the Chi square test. Results: We observed a highest frequency of BCC in middle face (42.8 percent) followed by forehead (11.3 percent), eyelid (10 percent), ears (7.5 percent), scalp (4.21 percent) and chin (1.85 percent). Discussion: These results are mainly in agreement with those obtained in other populations reported in the international literature; the BCC distribution in the head is related to ultraviolet radiation exposure of each anatomical site. Regarding the gender, the frequency of BCC was higher in females than in males in all anatomical locations within the face. In the scalp, males showed a higher proportion of BCC. Regarding the aggressitivity of the tumours, no differences within the locations were observed. Also, non-aggressive histological tumors were higher in frequency in all locations within the head. This investigation helps to identify the possible risk zones of BCC within the face and scalp in the Chilean population.

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El cáncer tiroideo es el más frecuente de cabeza y cuello, con incidencia anual de 5%, siendo tres veces más común en mujeres hacia la quinta década, con mayores complicaciones y recurrencia en los extremos de la vida. Objetivos: describir la clínica e histopatología de los casos del servicio de endocrinología durante el período 2000- 2010. Método: serie de casos, en 199 historias clínicas de cáncer de tiroides. Resultados: la edad promedio de diagnóstico fue 40 años (13-75), 34,1% mayores de 45 y mujeres en 86,9% (n 17 3); con sensación de masa 73,3% (n 146). El carcinoma papilar clásico se observó en 63,2% (n 126), seguido del folicular 26,6% (n 53). El tiempo mediano de seguimiento fue de cinco meses con RIQ de 2 a 18. En menores de 45 años la recaída a ganglios cervicales fue de 60,8% (n 46). En los mayores de 45, dieciséis presentaron recaída, 56% a ganglios y 37,5% a pulmón. Conclusiones: igual que otros reportes, el cáncer de tiroides fue más frecuente en mujeres, en la quinta década de la vida, con carcinoma papilar clásico. Las recaídas ocurrieron en ganglios cervicales y pulmón. Los estadios clínicos más severos se asociaron con tiempos de recaída más tempranos.

Thyroid cancer is the most common head and neck malignancy. With a yearly incidence of 5% features a three-fold increase in females approaching their fifties, with more severe complications and relapse in old and in very young patients. Objectives: to describe the clinical and histologic/pathological characteristics of cases seen at the endocrinology department during 2000-2010. Method: case series in 199 clinical records of thyroid cancer. Results: the mean age at diagnosis was 40 years (13-75), 34.1% were older than 45 and 86.9% (n 173) were females; 73.3% (n 146) felt a lump in the neck. Classical papillary carcinoma was found in 63.2% (n 126), followed by follicular carcinoma in 26.6% (n 53). The mean follow-up period was five months with an IQR of 2 to 18. In younger than 45 years of age patients relapse involved cervical lymph nodes in 60.8% (n 46). In older than 45, sixteen presented relapse, 56% involving lymph nodes and 37.5 % involving lung. Conclusions: as seen in other reports, thyroid cancer was more common in females in their fifties with classical papillary carcinoma. Relapses involved cervical lymph nodes and lung. More severe clinical stages were associated with earlier relapses.

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RESUMO

Se conoce que el tipo histológico del cáncer de mama influye fuertemente en el pronóstico de la enfermedad y que existe una correlación directa entre este y los índices de supervivencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las variedades histopatológicas que están asociadas a un buen pronóstico de la enfermedad. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de la influencia de las variedades histológicas sobre el pronóstico del cáncer mamario en pacientes operadas entre enero de 1976 y diciembre de 2007. De un total de 597 cánceres de mama atendidos en ese período, fueron tomados 80 casos con tipos histológicos de buen pronóstico. Se encontraron 23 cánceres de mama no invasivos, todos con un índice de supervivencia elevado. Se presentaron 14 carcinomas mucinosos con un 57 por ciento de metástasis ganglionar, que se evidenció en los tumores con más de 4 cm de diámetro. Se registraron 10 casos de carcinomas tubulares y cribiformes (1,8 por ciento), con un pronóstico excelente. Se estudiaron 16 carcinomas papilares invasores, donde a pesar del gran tamaño no se encontraron ganglios metastáticos en las 168 adenopatías analizadas. Fueron evaluados 17 carcinomas medulares mamarios, para una incidencia del 2,85 por ciento y un pronóstico relativamente favorable. Todas estas variedades histopatológicas, exceptuando las no invasivas, tuvieron caracteres invasores comunes, márgenes bien delimitados y un excelente pronóstico luego del tratamiento quirúrgico(AU)

It is known that the histopathological type of breast cancer exerts a strong influence on the prognosis of the disease and that there exists a direct correlation between this and the survival rates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological varieties associated with a good prognosis of the disease. A retrospective, longitudinal, and descriptive study on the influence of the histological varieties on the good prognosis of breast cancer in patients operated on at Dr Mario Muñoz Monroy University Hospital of Colón, Matanzas Province, from January 1976 to December 2007, was conducted. Of a total of 597 breast cancers attended in that period, 80 cases with histological types of good prognosis were taken. We found 23 non-invasive breast cancers, all of them with an elevated survival rate. 14 mucinous carcinomas were detected with 57 percent of ganglionic metastasis, which was evidenced in the tumors over 4 cm of diameter. Ten cases of tubular and cribriform carcinomas (1,8 percent) with an excellent prognosis were reported. 16 invasive papillary carcinomas were studied. In spite of their great size, no metastatic ganglia were found in the 168 analyzed.adenopathies. 17 medullary breast carcinomas were evaluated for an incidence of 2,85 percent and a relatively favorable prognosis. All these histopathological varieties, excepting the non-invasive, had common invasive characters, well delimited margins and an excellent prognosis after the surgical treatment(AU)

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RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN. Se conoce que el tipo histológico del cáncer de mama influye fuertemente en el pronóstico de la enfermedad y que existe una correlación directa entre este y los índices de supervivencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las variedades histopatológicas que están asociadas a un buen pronóstico de la enfermedad. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de la influencia de las variedades histológicas sobre el pronóstico del cáncer mamario en pacientes operadas entre enero de 1976 y diciembre de 2007. De un total de 597 cánceres de mama atendidos en ese período, fueron tomados 80 casos con tipos histológicos de buen pronóstico. RESULTADOS. Se encontraron 23 cánceres de mama no invasivos, todos con un índice de supervivencia elevado. Se presentaron 14 carcinomas mucinosos con un 57 por ciento de metástasis ganglionar, que se evidenció en los tumores con más de 4 cm de diámetro. Se registraron 10 casos de carcinomas tubulares y cribiformes (1,8 por ciento), con un pronóstico excelente. Se estudiaron 16 carcinomas papilares invasores, donde a pesar del gran tamaño no se encontraron ganglios metastáticos en las 168 adenopatías analizadas. Fueron evaluados 17 carcinomas medulares mamarios, para una incidencia del 2,85 por ciento y un pronóstico relativamente favorable. CONCLUSIONES. Todas estas variedades histopatológicas, exceptuando las no invasivas, tuvieron caracteres invasores comunes, márgenes bien delimitados y un excelente pronóstico luego del tratamiento quirúrgico(AU)

INTRODUCTION. It is known that the histopathological type of breast cancer exerts a strong influence on the prognosis of the disease and that there exists a direct correlation between this and the survival rates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological varieties associated with a good prognosis of the disease. METHODS. A retrospective, longitudinal, and descriptive study on the influence of the histological varieties on the good prognosis of breast cancer in patients operated on at Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy University Hospital of Colón, Matanzas Province, from January 1976 to December 2007, was conducted. Of a total of 597 breast cancers attended in that period, 80 cases with histological types of good prognosis were taken. RESULTS. We found 23 non-invasive breast cancers, all of them with an elevated survival rate. 14 mucinous carcinomas were detected with 57 percent of ganglionic metastasis, which was evidenced in the tumors over 4 cm of diameter. Ten cases of tubular and cribriform carcinomas (1.8 percent) with an excellent prognosis were reported. 16 invasive papillary carcinomas were studied. In spite of their great size, no metastatic ganglia were found in the 168 analyzed.adenopathies. 17 medullary breast carcinomas were evaluated for an incidence of 2.85 percent and a relatively favorable prognosis. CONCLUSIONS. All these histopathological varieties, excepting the non-invasive, had common invasive characters, well delimited margins and an excellent prognosis after the surgical treatment(AU)

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