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Abstract The objective of this study was to compare three models: the theory of reasoned action (TRA), the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and its extended form (ETPB), to predict the intention of Chilean consumers for purchasing green products. Five hundred people were surveyed, establishing an inter-rater reliability analysis, and a discriminant, convergent and construct validity using three structural equation models (SEM). The results showed that the ETPB model is useful to explain the consumption behavior intention for green products based on a triple bottom line, whose main contribution is the indirect effect of EC on the model. The study found that of the three variables, PBC was the strongest predictor of purchase intention, followed by attitude. In conclusion, both the ETPB model and the green products purchase intention instrument contribute to broaden the studies about consumer behavior in sustainable marketing in Chile.
Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar los modelos de teoría de acción razonada (TAR), teoría de comportamiento planificado (TCP) y su forma extendida (TCPE), para predecir la intención de compra de productos ecológicos en consumidores chilenos. Se encuestaron 500 personas y se estableció un análisis de fiabilidad interjuez, validez discriminante, convergente y de constructo a través de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). Los resultados señalan que el modelo TCPE es útil para explicar la intención de comportamiento de consumo ante productos verdes con base en una triple línea de fondo, cuya principal contribución es el efecto indirecto de PA sobre el modelo. De las tres variables, se evidencia que el CCP era la predictora más fuerte de la intención de compra, seguida de la actitud. En conclusión, tanto el modelo TCPE como el instrumento de intención de compra de productos verdes contribuyen a la ampliación de estudios sobre el comportamiento del consumidor en marketing sustentable en Chile.
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The aim of the research is to examine the relationships between the following variables (a) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), composed of Attitudes (ATT), Subjective Norms (SN), and Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC); and (b) Consciousness (EC) on the dependent variable Environmentally Responsible Purchase Intention (ERPI) from the perspective of the Latin American consumer in a pandemic. Currently, the literature on the relationships proposed in the explanatory model is still scarce at a theoretical and practical level, without empirical evidence in Latin America. The data collection is from 1624 voluntary responses from consumers in Chile (n = 400), Colombia (n = 421), Mexico (n = 401), and Peru (n = 402) collected through online surveys. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) and multi-group to test invariance analysis and the moderating effects, we can determine the relationship between the variables in the proposed model, generating evidence from Latin American countries. The empirical analysis verified that Attitude (ATT), Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), and Environmental Consciousness (CE) have a positive and significant effect on Environmentally Responsible Purchase Intention (ERPI). The results also show that the generation variable presents invariance. Therefore, the groups are not different at the model level for the generation variable, becoming relevant to the difference at the path level. Therefore, the results of this study become a relevant contribution, indicating a moderating effect on the generation variable. This research provides insights for understanding Latin American consumers, and managerial implications are also provided for developing strategies to promote sustainable consumption.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mudança Social , Humanos , América Latina , Teoria Psicológica , Atitude , Intenção , Inquéritos e Questionários , Comportamento do ConsumidorRESUMO
The utilization of eco-innovative products has witnessed a surge in adoption, driven by their inherent capacity to address pressing environmental concerns. To comprehensively fathom the underlying motivations propelling consumers to embrace these products, we conducted an in-depth investigation employing "The Not Company" (Chile) as a compelling case study. We conducted qualitative interviews with a cohort of 20 Chilean consumers, guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior theoretical framework. The research methodology harnessed the principles of thematic analysis, yielding insights that underscore the significance of key determinants in shaping consumers' choices towards eco-innovative products. Specifically, our findings highlighted that consumer choices in this domain are profoundly influenced by their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Moreover, within these overarching categories, we unearthed sub-themes illuminating the intricate influences guiding consumer choices. These sub-themes encompassed beliefs about food manufacturing and packaging, the persuasive impact of social media and advertising, and the indelible impressions left by prior encounters with eco-innovative products. This study highlights consumers' fundamental role in the broader eco-innovation landscape, particularly within the food industry context.
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Introduction: This paper aimed to build a predictive model through an empirical study to examine the influence of environmental awareness (EA) on attitude (ATT) and perceived behavioral control (PBC), as well as to determine the influence of the three variables of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on willingness to pay (WP) for green products in the Peruvian market. Methods: A total of 405 Peruvian consumers were surveyed. Most of them were between the ages of 18 and 30 and single. To test the hypotheses, partial least squares (PLS-SEM) were used using the SamrtPls4 software. The results show the significant positive effect of EA on ATT and PBC. The positive and significant effect of ATT, SN, and PBC on WP was also tested A total of 405 Peruvian consumers were surveyed. Most of them were between 18 and 30 years old and single. To test the hypotheses, partial least squares (PLS-SEM) was used using SamrtPls4 software. Results: The results show the positive and significant effect of AD on ATT and PBC. The positive and significant effect of ATT, SN and PBC on WP was also tested. Discussion: The research provides antecedents that allow evaluation of the possibility that companies and governments adjust the dissemination strategies and related public policies regarding the impact of environmentally responsible behavior in order to contribute to the development of environmental awareness as a variable that promotes the disposition of consumers to pay for environmentally friendly products.
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Abstract This study aimed to analyze the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) prevention campaigns promoted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health between 2008 and 2020. Fifty-three campaigns from the digital archive were included in the directed content analysis. The analysis was conducted based on the concepts of Combination Prevention and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Condom use and STI testing were constantly promoted, to the detriment of alternative preventive behaviors. The TPB concepts in the campaigns suggest the compatibility of the materials with the theory. We conclude that the campaigns present the desirable aspects of prevention. However, recent campaigns focused on aversive materials, which goes against studies that report negative effects from these strategies and is associated with the rise of moralist perspectives on prevention.
Resumo Objetivou-se analisar as campanhas de prevenção a infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) veiculadas pelo Ministério da Saúde entre 2008 e 2020. Cinquenta e três campanhas disponíveis no acervo digital foram incluídas na análise de conteúdo dirigida. A análise foi realizada com base nos conceitos da Prevenção Combinada e da Teoria do Comportamento Planejado (TCP). O uso de camisinha e a realização de testagem para ISTs foram constantemente promovidos, em detrimento de comportamentos preventivos alternativos. Os conceitos da TCP nas campanhas indicam compatibilidade dos materiais com pressupostos teóricos. Conclui-se que as campanhas abordam os aspectos desejáveis da prevenção. Contudo, as campanhas mais recentes investiram em materiais aversivos, estratégia contraindicada por outros estudos, porém associada ao crescimento da perspectiva moralista de prevenção.
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Las etiquetas de advertencia nutricional (EAN) informan a los estudiantes acerca de los alimentos procesados que exceden los niveles de nutrientes críticos. Sin embargo, aún es escasa la evidencia cómo funcionan las EAN en las decisiones alimentarias. El objetivo de esta investigación fue relacionar el efecto de las EAN en la toma de decisiones de alimentación de estudiantes universitarios, considerando los constructos de la teoría del comportamiento planificado (TCP), carrera de formación y variables sociodemográficas. A través de un muestreo no probabilístico se entrevistaron a 384 estudiantes universitarios. El cuestionario incluyó los factores de la TCP, correspondiente a las actitud, norma subjetiva, control percibido e intención de evitar la compra de alimentos procesados con EAN, más las carreras de formación y variables sociodemográficas. Los resultados del análisis factorial y regresión múltiple identificaron los determinantes de la intención de evitar comprar alimentos procesados con EAN. Los modelos muestran una actitud negativa de los estudiantes a las EAN lo que no activa la conducta de evasión por parte de los jóvenes. Mientras que la norma subjetiva, el control percibido y la formación en carreras de salud contribuyen positivamente a la intención de evitar alimentos con EAN. Los resultados evidencian que la TCP ayuda a entender el funcionamiento de las EAN en universitarios. Sin embargo, los hallazgos sugieren utilizar herramientas comunicacionales de mediano plazo dirigidas a jóvenes sin formación en salud para que estos realicen una elección informada de alimentos procesados y así reducir enfermedades no transmisibles asociadas a los malos hábitos alimentarios.
Nutrition Warning Labels (NWLs) inform students about processed foods that exceed critical nutrient levels. However, evidence on how NWLs influence food decisions is still scarce. The objective of this research was to relate the effect of NWLs on the decision-making of university students, considering the constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), university major, and sociodemographic variables. Through non-probability sampling, 384 university students were interviewed. The questionnaire included the factors of the TPB, corresponding to the attitude, subjective norm, perceived control, and intention to avoid the purchase of foods processed with NWLs, plus field of study and sociodemographic variables. Factor analysis and multiple regression results identified the determinants of the intention to avoid buying processed foods with NWLs. The models showed a negative attitude of the students to the NWLs, which did not activate avoidance behavior on the part of young people. At the same time, the subjective norm, the perceived control, and the training in health careers contribute positively to the intention to avoid foods with NWLs. The results show that the TPB helps understand the operation of NWLs in university students. However, the findings suggest using medium-term communication tools aimed at young people without health training to make an informed choice of processed foods and thus reduce non-communicable diseases associated with poor eating habits.
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ABSTRACT: Objective: The integration of video technology in case-based presentations are useful approaches in teaching real-world problems that ultimately improves an individual's ability to reflect, analyze, and decide regarding any circumstance leading to change in behavior. Anchored on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of an online case-based video patient education tool on the adoption of oral health behaviors by patients in the dental setting. Materials and Methods: The study was carried on 74 dental patients who were selected using simple sampling (37 patients each in Groups I and II). The two groups differed in presence (Group I-Control) or absence (Group II-Experimental) of prior exposure to professional oral care before Patient Educational Intervention through video-based case presentation was performed in the control and experimental groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18 software at 0.05 significance level. Results: A total of 37 participants per group in Groups I and II (N=74) responded to the pre-test phase and post-test phase. The pre-test mean scores of Groups I and II were 11.43 and 15.05, respectively. The post-test mean score of Groups I and II were 10.81 and 12.76, respectively. There is no statistical significance seen in the pre-test mean score and the post-test mean score of the patients who experienced professional oral health care (Group I) (p=0.113). However, there is a statistical significance in the mean pre-test score and the mean post-test score among patients who never experienced professional oral health care (Group II) (p=0.032). Conclusion: The study revealed that the video-based case presentations is an effective patient education strategy for dental patients who have never experienced professional oral health care manifested as a decline in the degree of dental neglect.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: La integración de la tecnología de video en presentaciones basadas en casos son enfoques útiles para enseñar problemas del mundo real que, en última instancia, mejoran la capacidad de un individuo para reflexionar, analizar y decidir sobre cualquier circunstancia que conduzca a un cambio de comportamiento. Anclado en la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado, este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la efectividad de una herramienta de educación del paciente en video basada en casos en línea sobre la adopción de comportamientos de salud bucal por parte de los pacientes en el entorno dental. Materiales y métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo en 74 pacientes dentales que fueron seleccionados mediante muestreo simple (37 pacientes cada uno en los Grupos I y II). Los dos grupos difirieron en presencia (Grupo I-Control) o ausencia (Grupo II-Experimental) de exposición previa a cuidados bucales profesionales antes de que se realizara la Intervención Educativa del Paciente a través de la presentación de casos en video en los grupos control y experimental. Los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario y se analizaron con el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versión 18 a un nivel de significancia de 0.05. Resultados: Un total de 37 participantes por grupo en los Grupos I y II (N=74) respondieron a la fase previa a la prueba y a la fase posterior a la prueba. Las puntuaciones medias previas a la prueba de los Grupos I y II fueron 11,43 y 15,05, respectivamente. La puntuación media posterior a la prueba de los Grupos I y II fue 10,81 y 12,76, respectivamente. No se observa significancia estadística en la puntuación media previa a la prueba ni en la puntuación media posterior a la prueba de los pacientes que recibieron atención profesional de la salud bucal (Grupo I) (p=0,113). Sin embargo, existe una significancia estadística en la puntuación media previa a la prueba y la puntuación media posterior a la prueba entre los pacientes que nunca recibieron atención médica bucal profesional (Grupo II) (p=0,032). Conclusión: El estudio reveló que las presentaciones de casos en video son una estrategia eficaz de educación del paciente para los pacientes dentales que nunca han experimentado la atención de la salud bucal profesional que se manifiesta como una disminución en el grado de negligencia dental.
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Humanos , Saúde Bucal , Filme e Vídeo Educativo , Higiene BucalRESUMO
This study proposes an innovative socio-hydrological modeling framework for the development of environmental policies that are tailored to farmers' attitudes and economic interests but also optimize environmental criteria. From a farmers' on-site survey, a behavior model is developed based on a modified Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The dynamics of the social and environmental system is implemented by coupling an agent-based model (ABM) with an agro-hydrological model for vegetative filter strips (VFS). A case study is conducted with farmers from the Larqui river basin, Chile to understand their standpoint on VFS to reduce soil loss in their agricultural fields and protect water bodies. Partial least square structural equation modeling is used to analyze the survey on farmers' aspiration and attitudes. It showed that the constructs added to TPB (behavioral morality, behavioral willingness, knowledge) had a significant effect on modeling the intention and behavior of farmers to have VFS. Based on the survey, the farmers were categorized into perceptive, proactive, bounded rational and interactive agents. An ABM was developed using the behavioral categorization, related decision rules, and utility functions of agricultural activities including the VFS implementation and management. The results of the ABM corroborate with the survey of the farmers. The survey supports the view that the decision on the width of VFS is not solely dependent on the utility generated and the reduction in soil losses but also on the behavior of farmers. This behavioral sociohydrological modeling framework is capable of supporting policy-makers in developing tailored environmental policies that might improve the acceptance of sustainable agricultural practices by farmers.
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Fazendeiros , Intenção , Agricultura , Atitude , Chile , Humanos , Análise de SistemasRESUMO
ABSTRACT: Exporting the organic fresh fruit (FF) to Europe and America could be regarded as great opportunity for smallholders and suppliers of Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. Yet, the global organic farmland and the number of organic producers are continued to grow. To date, little is known about the behavior of Pakistani farmers towards organic fresh fruit production. This study examined the factors that influence the decision-making of fresh fruit smallholders concerning the conversion to organic farming (COF). This study uses Ajzen's theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict the behavior of Pakistani smallholders of fresh fruit. Path analysis examined the utility of the extended version of the TPB model to anticipate 277 small-scale farmers' behavioral intentions towards the adoption of organic farming (AOF) and their prospect of converting their farm to organic produce within the next three years. The present study reported that the smallholders' attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavior control (PBC), and farmer's group participation (FGP) were positively correlated with farmer's intention to adopt organic farming, while group participation of farmers has significant correlation with their behavior regarding production of organic fruits. The present study justifies using the model of farmers' group participation in policies that deliberately cheer up smallholders of fresh fruit to adopt organic farming, to raise farm incomes and to alleviate poverty.
RESUMO: Exportar a fruta fresca orgânica (FF) para a Europa e América pode ser considerada uma grande oportunidade para pequenos proprietários e fornecedores de Gilgit Baltistan, Paquistão. No entanto, as terras agrícolas orgânicas globais e o número de produtores orgânicos continuam a crescer. Até o momento, pouco se sabe sobre o comportamento dos agricultores paquistaneses em relação à produção de frutas frescas orgânicas. O objetivo deste estudo, portanto, foi examinar e determinar os fatores que influenciam a tomada de decisão dos pequenos produtores de frutas frescas sobre a conversão para a agricultura orgânica (COF). Este estudo usa a teoria do comportamento planejado de Ajzen (TPB) para prever o comportamento dos pequenos produtores de frutas frescas do Paquistão. A análise de caminho examinou a utilidade da versão estendida do modelo TPB para antecipar as intenções comportamentais de 277 agricultores de pequena escala em relação à adoção da agricultura orgânica (AOF) e sua perspectiva de converter sua fazenda em produtos orgânicos nos próximos três anos. O presente estudo descobriu que a atitude dos pequenos proprietários (ATT), as normas subjetivas (SN), o controle do comportamento percebido (PBC) e a participação do grupo de agricultores (FGP) foram positivamente correlacionadas com a intenção do agricultor de adotar a agricultura orgânica, enquanto a participação do grupo de agricultores correlação significativa com seu comportamento em relação à produção de frutas orgânicas. O presente estudo justifica o uso do modelo de participação de grupos de agricultores em políticas que encorajam deliberadamente os pequenos produtores de frutas frescas a adotar a agricultura orgânica, para aumentar a renda agrícola e diminuir a pobreza.
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Exporting the organic fresh fruit (FF) to Europe and America could be regarded as great opportunity for smallholders and suppliers of Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. Yet, the global organic farmland and the number of organic producers are continued to grow. To date, little is known about the behavior of Pakistani farmers towards organic fresh fruit production. This study examined the factors that influence the decision-making of fresh fruit smallholders concerning the conversion to organic farming (COF). This study uses Ajzens theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict the behavior of Pakistani smallholders of fresh fruit. Path analysis examined the utility of the extended version of the TPB model to anticipate 277 small-scale farmers behavioral intentions towards the adoption of organic farming (AOF) and their prospect of converting their farm to organic produce within the next three years. The present study reported that the smallholders attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavior control (PBC), and farmers group participation (FGP) were positively correlated with farmers intention to adopt organic farming, while group participation of farmers has significant correlation with their behavior regarding production of organic fruits. The present study justifies using the model of farmers group participation in policies that deliberately cheer up smallholders of fresh fruit to adopt organic farming, to raise farm incomes and to alleviate poverty.
Exportar a fruta fresca orgânica (FF) para a Europa e América pode ser considerada uma grande oportunidade para pequenos proprietários e fornecedores de Gilgit Baltistan, Paquistão. No entanto, as terras agrícolas orgânicas globais e o número de produtores orgânicos continuam a crescer. Até o momento, pouco se sabe sobre o comportamento dos agricultores paquistaneses em relação à produção de frutas frescas orgânicas. O objetivo deste estudo, portanto, foi examinar e determinar os fatores que influenciam a tomada de decisão dos pequenos produtores de frutas frescas sobre a conversão para a agricultura orgânica (COF). Este estudo usa a teoria do comportamento planejado de Ajzen (TPB) para prever o comportamento dos pequenos produtores de frutas frescas do Paquistão. A análise de caminho examinou a utilidade da versão estendida do modelo TPB para antecipar as intenções comportamentais de 277 agricultores de pequena escala em relação à adoção da agricultura orgânica (AOF) e sua perspectiva de converter sua fazenda em produtos orgânicos nos próximos três anos. O presente estudo descobriu que a atitude dos pequenos proprietários (ATT), as normas subjetivas (SN), o controle do comportamento percebido (PBC) e a participação do grupo de agricultores (FGP) foram positivamente correlacionadas com a intenção do agricultor de adotar a agricultura orgânica, enquanto a participação do grupo de agricultores correlação significativa com seu comportamento em relação à produção de frutas orgânicas. O presente estudo justifica o uso do modelo de participação de grupos de agricultores em políticas que encorajam deliberadamente os pequenos produtores de frutas frescas a adotar a agricultura orgânica, para aumentar a renda agrícola e diminuir a pobreza.
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Agricultura Orgânica/economia , Agricultura Orgânica/educação , Agricultura Orgânica/organização & administração , FrutasRESUMO
Exporting the organic fresh fruit (FF) to Europe and America could be regarded as great opportunity for smallholders and suppliers of Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. Yet, the global organic farmland and the number of organic producers are continued to grow. To date, little is known about the behavior of Pakistani farmers towards organic fresh fruit production. This study examined the factors that influence the decision-making of fresh fruit smallholders concerning the conversion to organic farming (COF). This study uses Ajzens theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict the behavior of Pakistani smallholders of fresh fruit. Path analysis examined the utility of the extended version of the TPB model to anticipate 277 small-scale farmers behavioral intentions towards the adoption of organic farming (AOF) and their prospect of converting their farm to organic produce within the next three years. The present study reported that the smallholders attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavior control (PBC), and farmers group participation (FGP) were positively correlated with farmers intention to adopt organic farming, while group participation of farmers has significant correlation with their behavior regarding production of organic fruits. The present study justifies using the model of farmers group participation in policies that deliberately cheer up smallholders of fresh fruit to adopt organic farming, to raise farm incomes and to alleviate poverty.(AU)
Exportar a fruta fresca orgânica (FF) para a Europa e América pode ser considerada uma grande oportunidade para pequenos proprietários e fornecedores de Gilgit Baltistan, Paquistão. No entanto, as terras agrícolas orgânicas globais e o número de produtores orgânicos continuam a crescer. Até o momento, pouco se sabe sobre o comportamento dos agricultores paquistaneses em relação à produção de frutas frescas orgânicas. O objetivo deste estudo, portanto, foi examinar e determinar os fatores que influenciam a tomada de decisão dos pequenos produtores de frutas frescas sobre a conversão para a agricultura orgânica (COF). Este estudo usa a teoria do comportamento planejado de Ajzen (TPB) para prever o comportamento dos pequenos produtores de frutas frescas do Paquistão. A análise de caminho examinou a utilidade da versão estendida do modelo TPB para antecipar as intenções comportamentais de 277 agricultores de pequena escala em relação à adoção da agricultura orgânica (AOF) e sua perspectiva de converter sua fazenda em produtos orgânicos nos próximos três anos. O presente estudo descobriu que a atitude dos pequenos proprietários (ATT), as normas subjetivas (SN), o controle do comportamento percebido (PBC) e a participação do grupo de agricultores (FGP) foram positivamente correlacionadas com a intenção do agricultor de adotar a agricultura orgânica, enquanto a participação do grupo de agricultores correlação significativa com seu comportamento em relação à produção de frutas orgânicas. O presente estudo justifica o uso do modelo de participação de grupos de agricultores em políticas que encorajam deliberadamente os pequenos produtores de frutas frescas a adotar a agricultura orgânica, para aumentar a renda agrícola e diminuir a pobreza.(AU)
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Agricultura Orgânica/economia , Agricultura Orgânica/organização & administração , Agricultura Orgânica/educação , FrutasRESUMO
Resumen Esta investigación surge de la necesidad de encontrar nuevos hábitos de consumo sustentable y está enfocada en la identificación de los factores psicológicos asociados al uso habitual de la bicicleta como un transporte sostenible. Se evaluaron varios grupos de variables en estudiantes universitarios (N = 492). Se consultaron los tres predictores de la Teoría de Acción Planeada, algunas características sociodemográficas y los hábitos de transporte. Mediante una taxonomía de modelos lineales se integraron y analizaron estas variables. Los resultados señalan que las personas de mayor edad, mayor actitud y mayor control comportamental percibido son la mejor caracterización significativa que se puede tener de los estudiantes biciusuarios. También se encuentra que el control comportamental percibido es el correlato más fuerte con el uso de la bicicleta. Se discuten las implicaciones para campañas dirigidas a la promoción del uso de la bicicleta en los estudiantes universitarios.
Abstract This research arises from the need to find new habits of sustainable consumption, and it is focused on the identification of psychological factors associated with the regular use of the bicycle as a sustainable transportation. Several groups of variables were evaluated in 492 undergraduate students. The three predictors of the Theory of Planned Behavior, some sociodemographic characteristics, and transportation habits were consulted. Through a taxonomy of linear models, these variables were integrated and analyzed. Results indicate that older people, greater attitude, and greater perceived behavioral control are the best significant characterization that can be achieved of bike-user students. We found perceived behavioral control is the strongest correlation with the use of bicycles. Implications for campaigns aimed at promoting the use of bicycles in students are discussed.
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This study aimed to apply the theory of planned behavior to determine the effects of attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms on the intention of dairy farmers toward high-grain feeding. Quantitative data were collected through interviews with 150 dairy farmers in Paraná, Brazil. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. We observed that farmers with a positive perception of grain feeding (attitude) and a positive perception of their ability to increase the use of grains (perceived behavioral control) had higher intention to increase grain feeding. Social pressure (subjective norm) had no effect on the intention to grain feed. These results can contribute to the development of public strategies and policies that encourage the use of high-grain diets in dairy farms.
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Ração Animal , Fazendeiros/psicologia , Fatores Sociológicos , Animais , Atitude , Brasil , Indústria de Laticínios , Dieta/veterinária , Grão Comestível , Humanos , Intenção , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Objetivo: Identificar las creencias conductuales, normativas y de control que subyacen a la alimentación saludable en estudiantes de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Método: Estudio cualitativo y exploratorio, basado en la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado realizado a partir de 3 grupos focales (n= 25). La información se analizó con la técnica Análisis Temático a partir de tres categorías definidas a priori: creencias conductuales, normativas y de control. Resultados: Los universitarios creen que alimentarse de manera saludable beneficia la salud física y mental, dentro de las desventajas de este tipo de alimentación se encuentra que la compra y preparación de alimentos saludables es más costosa y les toma mucho más tiempo que alimentarse en base a comida rápida. Paralelamente, declaran que implementar una alimentación saludable sería más sencillo si vivieran en familia y sus madres se hicieran cargo (creencias de control). Con respecto a las creencias normativas, señalaron que sus figuras parentales serían más felices si los participantes se alimentaran sanamente, pero que en lo concreto, no sienten ninguna presión social por alimentarse adecuadamente. Conclusión: Las características poco saludables de la conducta alimentaria de los universitarios, está condicionada por las creencias que subyacen a ella. Al profundizar en estas creencias se puede comprender la perspectiva del estudiante frente a su alimentación, siendo esta información clave y contextualizada para diseñar intervenciones efectivas en las universidades.
The aim of this study was to inquire into the behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs underlying the healthy eating in students of the Guadalajara University, México. Methods: Qualitative and exploratory study based on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior, 3 focus group interviews were carried out (n:25). The information was analyzed using the Thematic Analysis method from three previously defined categories: behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs. Results: University students considered healthy eating to be beneficial for physical and mental health, they also believed that healthy food purchases and preparation were expensive and time consuming (behavioral beliefs). In parallel, they informed that implementing a healthy diet would be easier if their mothers helped them and if they lived in a family (control beliefs). Regarding normative beliefs, they stated that their parental figures would be happy if the participants made changes in their diet but they did not feel any particular social pressure to eat healthier. Conclusions: The eating behavior of the university students is conditioned by the beliefs that underlie the eating decision making process. By understanding student eating beliefs, we can obtained key and contextualized information to design effective interventions in the university.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Estudantes/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Comportamento Alimentar , Dieta Saudável , Universidades , Entrevistas como Assunto , Pesquisa Qualitativa , MéxicoRESUMO
RATIONALE: Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic condition that predisposes patients to substantially increased risk of early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. FH risks can be minimized through regular participation in three self-management. BEHAVIORS: physical activity, healthy eating, and taking cholesterol lowering medication. OBJECTIVE: The present study tested the effectiveness of an integrated social cognition model in predicting intention to participate in the self-management behaviors in FH patients from seven countries. METHOD: Consecutive patients in FH clinics from Australia, Hong Kong, Brazil, Malaysia, Taiwan, China, and UK (total Nâ¯=â¯726) completed measures of social cognitive beliefs about illness from the common sense model of self-regulation, beliefs about behaviors from the theory of planned behavior, and past behavior for the three self-management behaviors. RESULTS: Structural equation models indicated that beliefs about behaviors from the theory of planned behavior, namely, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, were consistent predictors of intention across samples and behaviors. By comparison, effects of beliefs about illness from the common sense model were smaller and trivial in size. Beliefs partially mediated past behavior effects on intention, although indirect effects of past behavior on intention were larger for physical activity relative to taking medication and healthy eating. Model constructs did not fully account for past behavior effects on intentions. Variability in the strength of the beliefs about behaviors was observed across samples and behaviors. CONCLUSION: Current findings outline the importance of beliefs about behaviors as predictors of FH self-management behaviors. Variability in the relative contribution of the beliefs across samples and behaviors highlights the imperative of identifying sample- and behavior-specific correlates of FH self-management behaviors.
Assuntos
Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/psicologia , Intenção , Participação do Paciente/psicologia , Autogestão/psicologia , Austrália , Brasil , China , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hong Kong , Humanos , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/complicações , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/terapia , Malásia , Masculino , Participação do Paciente/métodos , Participação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Autogestão/métodos , Autogestão/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Taiwan , Reino UnidoRESUMO
Introduction The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is one of the most widely used psychological models when it comes to explaining road safety behaviors. Recently, studies have also been conducted from the perspective of dual-process models. However, the present is the first study on road safety behaviors that integrates both perspectives. The study evaluates the roles of both implicit attitudes and TPB constructs in the prediction of seatbelt use. Method A sample of 100 drivers completed: (1) a self-reporting instrument on seatbelt use, (2) a questionnaire addressing TPB constructs, (3) an indirect measure of attitudes (Implicit Association Test), and (4) a social desirability scale. Results Results suggest that both types of attitudes make a significant and quite similar contribution to the explanation of seatbelt use. Interestingly, implicit attitudes were a better predictor than explicit attitudes among participants reporting inconsistent seatbelt use. In addition, path analysis models suggested that implicit attitudes appear to be relatively independent of TPB constructs and have a direct effect on seatbelt use. Conclusion The findings advance the idea of adding implicit attitudes to variables from the TPB model in order to increase the explanatory power of models used to predict road safety behaviors. Practical applications Potential use of implicit attitude measures in the education and training of drivers are discussed.
Assuntos
Atitude , Condução de Veículo/estatística & dados numéricos , Segurança/estatística & dados numéricos , Cintos de Segurança/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Argentina , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Teoria Psicológica , Autorrelato , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study examined Bolivian women's decisions to stay with or leave their violent partners. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used as the theoretical framework. One hundred thirty-four women were assessed 3 times over 6 months. The TPB constructs were measured at T1 and T2; relationship status was assessed at T3. At T2, attitudes about staying and leaving predicted the intention to leave. Intention to leave at T2 but not at T1 predicted relationship status at T3. These results suggest that the decision to leave was consolidated between T1 and T2, and attitudes toward staying were most relevant to this decision.
Assuntos
Tomada de Decisões , Violência por Parceiro Íntimo/psicologia , Parceiros Sexuais/psicologia , Adulto , Idoso , Bolívia , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Violência por Parceiro Íntimo/legislação & jurisprudência , Violência por Parceiro Íntimo/prevenção & controle , Estudos Longitudinais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Organizações sem Fins Lucrativos/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
With mounting research showing the many benefits of having women involved in community-based conservation (CBC) efforts, we wanted to identify and measure the attitudes and barriers to women participating in a CBC program in western Belize. We surveyed 500 women in communities surrounding the Vaca Forest Reserve to measure their interest in, attitudes toward, and possible barriers to participating in a CBC program. We assessed women's intent to participate in CBC activities using the Theory of Planned Behavior to identify the attitudinal, normative, and behavioral control constructs that best predict their intentions to participate. Women indicated positive attitudes toward participating in a CBC program, while perceived behavioral controls had the largest influence on their intent to participate. Understanding the importance of and influence of these constructs on women's participation will help us and other conservation scientists work with women to collaboratively design effective conservation programs.
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Intenção , Teoria Psicológica , Atitude , Belize , Feminino , Humanos , Opinião Pública , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
CONTEXT: Many athletes fail to obtain the optimal levels of energy and nutrients to support health and performance. The constructs underlying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) may help identify barriers to healthful eating that can be addressed in nutrition-education programs. OBJECTIVE: To use the TPB to examine factors regarding collegiate male and female student-athletes' intentions of eating a healthful diet. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Online survey tool. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: The survey was taken by 244 male and female National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletes, and data from 201 were analyzed. Mean age of the athletes was 20 ± 1.31 years (range, 18-24 years); most were white (86.1%) and female (78.6%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We assessed predictive strength of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on behavioral intentions. Regression analysis evaluated how the variables of TPB were valued and how they predict behavioral intentions. RESULTS: The combination of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls accounted for 73.4% (Râ2) of the variance in behavioral intention (F = 180.82, P < .001). Attitude had the greatest influence on behavioral intentions (ß = .534, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Understanding both the intentions of collegiate athletes to eat healthfully and how highly they value nutrition is crucial for the development of effective nutrition education and counseling programs.
Assuntos
Atletas/psicologia , Dieta/psicologia , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Adolescente , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Educação em Saúde , Humanos , Intenção , Masculino , Percepção , Análise de Regressão , Esportes/psicologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Universidades , Adulto JovemRESUMO
La creciente tasa de embarazos en adolescentes y la alta incidencia de las infecciones de transmisión sexual (entre ellas el VIH/SIDA), son temáticas en torno a la salud y en especial la salud sexual y reproductiva, que han recibido gran atención por parte de investigadores y de la opinión pública en general. Recientemente, se ha encontrado que los adolescentes llevan a cabo con facilidad comportamientos de riesgo para su salud sexual y reproductiva y aquellos que no han presentado dichos comportamientos también muestran altos niveles de intención para llevarlos a cabo. Se ha hipotetizado que además de variables cognitivas como las actitudes, normas subjetivas, control conductual percibido y la intención, la personalidad de los jóvenes es un aspecto que juega un papel importante en su salud sexual y reproductiva. Se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre las variables de la TCP y las características de personalidad y los resultados sugieren que la direccionalidad de estas correlaciones se encuentra asociada con el tipo específico de comportamiento o situación que se está evaluando.
The increasing rate of pregnancies in teenagers and the high incident of the infections of sexual transmission (HIV/ AIDS, for example), these are health related issues (and especially the sexual and reproductive health), which have received great attention on the part of investigators and of the public opinion in general. Recently, there has been evidenced that teenagers carry out very easily risk sexual behaviors, and those who have not presented the above mentioned behaviors also show high levels of intention to carry out them. There is the hypothesis that besides cognitive variables such as attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and intention, the personality of the young persons is an aspect that plays an important paper in their sexual and reproductive health. Significant correlations were found between the variales of the TPB and the personality traits; the results suggest that the direction of these correlations is associated with the specific type of behavior or situation that is assessed.