RESUMO
O diabetes mellitus constitui um distúrbio clínico heterogêneo, apresentando comumente hiperglicemia e estado inflamatório crônico. Tais condições se relacionam com a microbiota intestinal, compreendida como um conjunto de microrganismos que interagem com o hospedeiro de maneira benéfica ou maléfica. Nos pacientes diabéticos, a modulação microbiológica do intestino é bastante intrigante, pois o uso de probióticos tem auxiliado na redução da endotoxemia metabólica e de mediadores inflamatórios. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura, buscando verificar a relação entre o uso de probióticos e simbióticos e a melhora metabólica em indivíduos diabéticos ou em risco de desenvolver tal patologia. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, com coleta de dados realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e ScienceDirect, com o objetivo de localizar ensaios clínicos que contemplassem a relação entre o uso de probióticos e simbióticos e a melhora metabólica (glicêmica e no tocante aos marcadores inflamatórios) na população-alvo. Os artigos coletados foram publicados entre janeiro de 2017 e fevereiro de 2022, e os estudos incluídos na revisão se restringiram ao idioma inglês. Foram avaliados quatro estudos, a maioria demonstrando uma redução significativa na glicemia em jejum e melhora metabólica geral, com redução dos níveis de marcadores inflamatórios após introdução de probióticos e simbióticos. Dessa forma, foi possível concluir que, apesar de muitos estudos serem inconclusivos em relação ao efeito dos probióticos sobre o controle glicêmico, pode haver espaço para tais suplementos no tratamento do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e pré-diabetes. Entretanto, mais estudos são necessários para confirmar esses resultados.
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous clinical disorder, commonly presenting hyperglycemia and chronic inflammatory state. These conditions are related to the intestinal microbiota, understood as a set of microorganisms that interact with the host in a beneficial or harmful way. Microbiological modulation of the intestine in diabetic patients is quite interesting, as probiotics have helped reduce metabolic endotoxemia and inflammatory mediators. Thus, this systematic literature review sought to verify the relationship between use of probiotics and symbiotics and glycemic/metabolic control in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and pre-diabetes. Bibliographic search was conducted in the PubMed, LILACS and ScienceDirect databases to identify clinical trials on the effect of probiotics and symbiotics on glycemic/metabolic improvement/control in the targeted patients. Retrieved articles were published between January 2017 and February 2022, but only papers in English were included in the review, resulting in four articles evaluated. Most studies showed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and general metabolic improvement, with reduced levels of inflammatory markers, after introduction of probiotics and symbiotics. Although many studies are inconclusive regarding the effect of probiotics and symbiotics on glycemic control, such supplements may have space in DM2 and pre-DM treatment. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
La diabetes mellitus es un trastorno clínico heterogéneo, caracterizada comúnmente por la hiperglucemia y un estado inflamatorio crónico. Esta condición está relacionada con la microbiota intestinal, que abarca un conjunto de microorganismos que viven con el huésped benéfica o maléficamente. En pacientes diabéticos, la modulación microbiológica del intestino es muy intrigante, puesto que el uso de probióticos ha ayudado a reducir la endotoxemia metabólica y los mediadores inflamatorios. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para verificar la relación entre el uso de probióticos y simbióticos y la mejoría metabólica en diabéticos y prediabéticos. Por lo tanto, se realizó una revisión sistemática, con recolección de datos en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS y ScienceDirect, con el objetivo de localizar ensayos clínicos que contemplaran la relación entre el uso de probióticos y simbióticos y la mejora metabólica (glucémica y en cuanto a marcadores inflamatorios) en el público objetivo. Los artículos habían sido publicados entre enero de 2017 y febrero de 2022 y se restringieron al idioma inglés. Se evaluaron cuatro estudios, la mayoría demostró una reducción significativa en la glucosa en sangre en ayunas y una mejora metabólica general, con niveles reducidos de marcadores inflamatorios, después de la introducción de probióticos y simbióticos. Así, fue posible concluir que, aunque muchos estudios no son concluyentes en cuanto al efecto de los probióticos en el control glucémico, hay espacio para tales suplementos en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus y la prediabetes. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para confirmar estos resultados.
Assuntos
HumanosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Background Supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics has shown positive effects on clinical markers and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objective To evaluate the effect of supplementation with probiotic, prebiotic or symbiotic on intestinal microbiota in NAFLD patients. Methods Two investigators conducted independently search for articles in the Medline databases, via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Lilacs, Central Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials.gov and on the Ovid platform for the gray literature search. Results A total of 3,423 papers were identified by searching the electronic databases; 1,560 of them were duplicate and they were excluded; 1,825 articles were excluded after reading the title and abstract. A total of 39 articles were select to reading, however only four articles met the eligibility criteria to include in this systematic review. Three of the included studies that used prebiotic or symbiotic supplementation showed that after the intervention there were changes in the intestinal microbiota pattern. Only in one study such changes were not observed. A high risk of bias was observed in most assessments. Conclusion Although there is a possible change in the gut microbiota of individuals with NAFLD after supplementation with symbiotics or prebiotics, a clinical indication as part of NAFLD treatment is not yet possible.
RESUMO Contexto A suplementação com probióticos, prebióticos e simbióticos mostrou efeitos positivos sobre marcadores clínicos e fatores de risco para doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA). Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da suplementação com probióticos, prebióticos ou simbióticos na microbiota intestinal em pacientes com DHGNA. Métodos Dois pesquisadores realizaram buscas independentes de artigos nas bases de dados Medline, via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Lilacs, Biblioteca Central Cochrane, Clinical Trials.gov e na plataforma Ovid para busca de literatura cinza. Os títulos e resumos foram lidos para excluir artigos irrelevantes. Em seguida, os artigos selecionados foram lidos na íntegra e avaliados de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade. O risco de viés foi avaliado de acordo com a Cochrane. Resultados Um total de 3.423 artigos foram identificado por meio de busca nas bases de dados eletrônicas; 1.560 deles eram duplicados e foram excluídos; 1.825 artigos foram excluídos após a leitura do título e do resumo. Um total de 39 artigos foram selecionado para leitura, porém apenas quatro artigos atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade para inclusão nesta revisão sistemática. Três dos estudos incluídos que utilizaram suplementação de prebióticos ou simbióticos mostraram que após a intervenção ocorreram mudanças no padrão da microbiota intestinal. Apenas em um estudo tais mudanças não foram observadas. Um elevado risco de viés foi observado na maioria das avaliações. Conclusão Embora haja uma possível alteração na microbiota intestinal de indivíduos com DHGNA após a suplementação com simbióticos ou prebióticos, uma indicação clínica como parte do tratamento da DHGNA ainda não é possível.
RESUMO
The gastrointestinal and respiratory systems are colonized by a complex ecosystem of microorganisms called the microbiota. These microorganisms co-evolved over millions of years with the host, creating a symbiotic relationship that is fundamental for promoting host homeostasis by producing bioactive metabolites and antimicrobial molecules, and regulating the immune and inflammatory responses. Imbalance in the abundance, diversity, and function of the gut microbiota (known as dysbiosis) have been shown to increase host susceptibility to infections in the lungs, suggesting crosstalk between these organs. This crosstalk is now referred to as the gut-lung axis. Hence, the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for modulation of gut microbiota has been studied based on their effectiveness in reducing the duration and severity of respiratory tract infections, mainly owing to their effects on preventing pathogen colonization and modulating the immune system. This review discusses the role and responses of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in the gut-lung axis in the face of lung infections.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of probiotics and fecal transplantation on inflammatory and oxidative parameters in the intestines of two rat models of sepsis. METHODS: Rats were treated with prebiotics, probiotics, or symbiotics and exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or zymosan after 15 d to induce endotoxemia. Oxidative damage and inflammation were analyzed, and histologic examination of the intestinal tissue was performed. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was carried out in LPS- and zymosan-induced rat models of sepsis. RESULTS: Supplementation with symbiotics for 15 d effectively reduced the inflammatory parameters compared with supplementation for 7 d. Probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics exerted different effects on the evaluated parameters. In general, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and L. casei exerted better local protective effects. Evaluation of the role of the intestinal microbiota through FMT revealed its protective effects irrespective of the previous treatment with probiotics. CONCLUSION: Probiotic strains significantly differ among themselves and exert different effects on the host's health. Symbiotics and FMT could offer additional immunomodulatory benefits to drug therapy, thus serving as a new therapeutic alternative in pediatric patients with sepsis.
Assuntos
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Probióticos , Sepse , Animais , Criança , Transplante de Microbiota Fecal , Humanos , Prebióticos , Ratos , Sepse/terapiaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Comparar resultados da suplementação com prebiótico, probiótico e simbiótico para o controle da diarreia em pacientes idosos recebendo terapia nutricional enteral durante o internamento em um hospital escola de Curitiba, Paraná. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi retrospectivo, por análise de prontuários correspondentes aos atendimentos realizados entre 2014 e 2018. RESULTADOS: Obteve-se um total de 75 pacientes. O tempo de ocorrência de diarreia variou de 1 a 16 dias, sendo a média de 2,69 dias após a instituição de terapêutica para restabelecimento da microbiota intestinal. Quanto às terapias instituídas, foram encontradas oito possíveis prescrições de suplementos isolados e/ou combinados, como primeira escolha. Dos pacientes analisados, 52% trocaram de suplementação ao longo da ocorrência da diarreia; alguns chegando a utilizar até cinco diferentes produtos. Dos 48% de pacientes que utilizaram um único produto/combinação do início ao fim da diarreia, de modo geral iniciaram com uma dose maior e foram diminuindo ao longo do tempo, sendo que os que começaram com uma dose menor tiveram que aumentá-la para interromper a diarreia. Além disso, houve significância estatística quando comparado o tempo de diarreia entre pacientes que receberam um único produto/combinação e os que fizeram trocas de suplemento ao longo do tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: Estabelecer uma prescrição única, seja de produtos isolados ou combinados, e permanecer com ela, além de iniciar com uma dose maior, parece mais efetivo no controle da diarreia em idosos hospitalizados, reforçando a importância de se estabelecer um protocolo para prescrição.
OBJECTIVE: To compare results of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic supplementation for the control of diarrhea in older patients receiving enteral nutritional therapy during hospitalization at a school hospital in Curitiba, state of Paraná. METHODS: The study was retrospective, by analysis of medical records corresponding to the visits performed between 2014 and 2018. RESULTS: A total of 75 patients were analyzed. The time of occurrence of diarrhea ranged from 1 to 16 days, with a mean of 2.69 days after the onset of therapy for reestablishment of the intestinal microbiota. As for the therapies introduced, 8 possible prescriptions of isolated and / or combined supplements were found as the first choice. Of the patients analyzed, 52% switched from supplementation during the occurrence of diarrhea; some using up to 5 different products. Of the 48% of patients who used a single product / combination from the beginning to the end of diarrhea, they generally started with a higher dose and decreased over time, with those starting at a lower dose having to increase it to stop diarrhea. In addition, there was statistical significance when comparing the time of diarrhea between patients who received a single product / combination and those who did supplemental exchanges throughout the treatment. CONCLUSION: Establishing a single prescription, whether of isolated or combined products and sticking to it, besides starting with a higher dose, seems more effective in controlling diarrhea in hospitalized geriatric patients, reinforcing the importance of establishing a protocol for prescription.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Nutrição Enteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Suplementos Nutricionais , Diarreia/dietoterapia , Diarreia/reabilitação , Hospitalização , Saúde do Idoso , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Simbióticos/administração & dosagem , Glutamina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Studies on the 'gut origin of sepsis' have suggested that stressful insults, such as surgery, can affect intestinal permeability, leading to bacterial translocation. Symbiotics have been reported to be able to improve gut permeability and modulate the immunologic system, thereby decreasing postoperative complications. Therefore we aimed to evaluate the postoperative use of symbiotics in head and neck cancer surgical patients for intestinal function and permeability, as well as the postoperative outcomes. Patients were double-blind randomised into the symbiotic (n 18) or the control group (n 18). Samples were administered twice a day by nasoenteric tube, starting on the 1st postoperative day until the 5th to 7th day, and comprised 109 colony-forming units/ml each of Lactobacillus paracasei, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium lactis plus 6 g of fructo-oligosaccharides, or a placebo (6 g of maltodextrin). Intestinal function (day of first evacuation, total stool episodes, stool consistency, gastrointestinal tract symptoms and gut permeability by diamine oxidase (DAO) enzyme) and postoperative complications (infectious and non-infectious) were assessed. Results of comparison of the pre- and postoperative periods showed that the groups were similar for all outcome variables. In all, twelve patients had complications in the symbiotic group v. nine in the control group (P>0·05), and the preoperative-postoperative DAO activity ranged from 28·5 (sd 15·4) to 32·7 (sd 11·0) ng/ml in the symbiotic group and 35·2 (sd 17·7) to 34·1 (sd 12·0) ng/ml in the control group (P>0·05). In conclusion, postoperative symbiotics did not impact on intestinal function and postoperative outcomes of head and neck surgical patients.
Assuntos
Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Prebióticos/administração & dosagem , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Amina Oxidase (contendo Cobre)/metabolismo , Translocação Bacteriana/fisiologia , Bifidobacterium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Intestinos/enzimologia , Intestinos/fisiologia , Lactobacillus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Nutricional , Permeabilidade , Placebos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Functional foods are health promoters and their use is associated with reduced risk of chronic degenerative and non-transmissible diseases. Examples are symbiotic. The association of one (or more) probiotic with a one (or more) prebiotic is called symbiotic, being the prebiotics complementary and probiotics synergistic, thus presenting a multiplicative factor on their individual actions. OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidences on the benefits of the use of symbiotics in the treatment of clinical and surgical situations. METHODS: The headings symbiotic, probiotic and prebiotic were searched in Pubmed/Medline in the last 15 years, and were selected 25 articles, used for database. RESULTS: The use of symbiotic may promote an increase in the number of bifidobacteria, glycemic control, reduction of blood cholesterol, balancing the intestinal flora which aids in reducing constipation and/or diarrhea, improves intestinal permeability and stimulation of the immune system. Clinical indications for these products has been expanded, in order to maximize the individual's physiological functions to provide greater. So, with the high interest in the clinical and nutritional control of disease, many studies have been conducted demonstrating the effectiveness of using symbiotic in improving and/or preventing various and/or symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases. CONCLUSION: Symbiotic behave differently and positively in various pathological situations. .
INTRODUÇÃO: Os alimentos funcionais são vistos como promotores de saúde e seu uso está associado à redução do risco de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas degenerativas e não-transmissíveis. Exemplos deles são os simbióticos. A associação de um (ou mais) probiótico com um (ou mais) prebiótico denomina-se simbiótico, sendo os prebióticos complementares e sinérgicos aos probióticos, apresentando assim um fator multiplicativo sobre suas ações isoladas. OBJETIVO: Verificar as evidências dos benefícios do uso de simbióticos no tratamento de situações clínicas e cirúrgicas. MÉTODOS: Foram buscados no Pubmed/Medline os descritores: simbiótico, probiótico e prebiótico nos últimos 15 anos, sendo que do universo pesquisado foram selecionados 25 artigos utilizados como base de dados. RESULTADOS: O uso do simbiótico pode promover aumento do número de bifidobactérias, controle glicêmico, redução da taxa de colesterol sanguíneo, balanceamento da microbiota intestinal que auxilia na redução da obstipação e/ou diarréia, melhora da permeabilidade intestinal e estimulação do sistema imunológico. As indicações clínicas destes produtos tem sido ampliada, com intuito de maximizar as funções fisiológicas individuais para possibilitar o incremento da saúde. Assim, com o interesse elevado no controle clínico e nutricional das doenças, muitos estudos já foram realizados comprovando a eficácia do uso de simbióticos na melhora e/ ou prevenção de doenças diversas e/ou de sintomas gastrointestinais. CONCLUSÃO: Os simbióticos comportam-se de forma diferenciada e positiva nas mais variadas situações patológicas. .
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Humanos , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , PrebióticosRESUMO
Foram produzidas micropartículas simbióticas com carreador de natureza lipídica, obtidas por spray chilling. Como materiais ativos foram utilizadas duas cepas de micro-organismos probióticos (L. acidophilus-LA e L. rhamnosus-LR), dois prebióticos (inulina e polidextrose) e gordura de palma e palmiste interesterificada. Estudou-se a resistência destes probióticos ao processo aplicado, o comportamento das micropartículas sólido lipídicas (MSLs) frente ao fluido gástrico e intestinal simulados e suas viabilidades durante 120 dias de armazenamento à -18, 7 e 22°C sob vácuo ou umidade relativa controlada. A caracterização morfológica, granulometria, análise térmica (DSC), atividade de água, espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR) e difração de raios-X (XRPD) foram estudados. Spray chilling configurou-se como processo adequado aos probióticos, devido à baixa perda de células viáveis durante a obtenção das micropartículas, sendo que não foi observado interferência da ausência, presença e do tipo de prebiótico. Foram obtidas MSLs esféricas com superfície relativamente uniforme, e com tamanho médio entre 62,4±2,8 a 69,6±5,1 µm, sendo que não houve diferença significativa entre as formulações. As análises de difração de raios-X indicaram que não ocorreram alterações polimórficas durante o armazenamento refrigerado das MSLs. [...] As micropartículas lipídicas produzidas mostraram-se aptas como ingrediente alimentício, porém no sorvete não atenderam as premissas de proteção e extensão de contagens apropriadas do probiótico. As MSLs também foram incorporadas em polpas de fruta, abacate e melão, neste tipo de matriz as MSLs conferiram proteção ao micro-organismo pois aumentaram sua viabilidade em relação aos micro-organismos livres.
Symbiotic microparticles were produced with a lipid carrier, obtained by spray chilling technology. In this study were used two strains of probiotic (L. acidophilus-LA and L. rhamnosus-LR) and two prebiotics (inulin and polydextrose) as active or core materials. The resistance of these probiotics to the spray chilling process was evaluated, as well as the viability of the solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) during the exposition to the simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and stability during 120 days of storage at -18, 7 and 22°C, in vacuum or controlled relative humidity. Morphology characterization, particle size, water activity, thermal analysis (DSC), infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRPD) were studied. Spray chilling process was configured as a suitable technology to probiotics due to low loss of viable cells in processing of the particle, and no interference was observed from the presence/absence and type of prebiotic component. MSLs were obtained with relatively uniform spherical surface, and average size between 62.4 ± 2.8 µm to 69.6 ± 5.1 µm, there was no significant difference between formulations. Analyses of X-ray diffraction indicated that there were no polymorphic changes during refrigerated storage of SLMs. [...] The lipid microparticles produced were shown to be suitable as a food ingredient, but the ice cream did not meet the assumptions of protection and extension of appropriate probiotic counts. The MSLs were also incorporated in the fruit pulp, avocado and melon, in this application the SLMs provided protection to the micro-organism increasing the probiotic viability in relation to the free microorganisms.
Assuntos
Composição de Medicamentos/efeitos adversos , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Prebióticos/efeitos adversos , Probióticos/efeitos adversos , Qualidade dos Alimentos , Sorvetes/análise , Inulina/efeitos adversos , Lactobacillus acidophilus/classificação , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/classificaçãoRESUMO
El propósito de este trabajo fue estudiar la evolución clínica de un grupo de adultos mayores, proclives a padecer infecciones bacterianas principalmente de las vías respiratorias, al adicionar a su dieta un alimento simbiótico con Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophillus y fructanos y, además, correlacionar los resultados obtenidos con modificaciones en los parámetros inmunológicos medidos. Se incluyeron 90 pacientes adultos mayores de 65 años, todos con antecedentes de infecciones bacterianas recurrentes de las vías respiratorias. Cada individuo suplementó su dieta habitual con una dosis diaria del simbiótico SanCor Bio con fructanos. La administración se realizó durante los meses de época invernal. Se realizó un seguimiento clínico, se hizo recuento de Lactobacillus spp en materia fecal, se cuantificaron subpoblaciones linfocitarias CD4 y CD8 y se evaluó la activación de monocitos en sangre periférica. Se observó disminución de los cuadros virales (gripales) y ausencia de infecciones bacterianas de vías respiratorias; además, aumentó el número de Lactobacillus spp en materia fecal y se estimuló la respuesta inmune principalmente inespecífica. Esto sugiere que dicho simbiótico puede ser utilizado como terapia preventiva en grupos vulnerables a infecciones y con depleciones del sistema inmunológico.
The aim of this work was to study the clinical evolution of a group of elderly people who had a tendency to suffer from bacterial infections, mainly of the respiratory tract, after having added food with Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus and fructans to their diet, and then to correlate the results obtained with alterations in immunological parameters previously set. Ninety patients who were older than 65 and had a background of recurrent bacterial infections in their respiratory tract were included in this study. Their daily diet was supplemented with a dose of Sancor Bio during winter months in 2007. A clinical analysis was carried out, Lactobacillus spp in faeces were counted, CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes were quantified and the activation of monocytes in peripheral blood was evaluated. In conclusion, the administration of this symbiotic food proved to be biochemical and clinically effective, showing to be a good colony of the intestinal mucose, promoting the principally unspecific immune response, everything correlated with clinical information. All this suggests that this food can be used asa preventive therapy in groups of people who are vulnerable to infections and who have immunological system depletions.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Infecções Respiratórias/prevenção & controle , Simbióticos , Infecções Respiratórias/terapia , Dieta Saudável , Frutanos , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Lacticaseibacillus caseiRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial and yeast origin on the performance, development of the digestive system, carcass yield and meat quality of free-range broiler chickens. Five hundred and sixty male chicks of the strain ISA S757-N were reared from one to 84 days old. The birds were distributed in four treatments according to a completely randomized block design: T1 = Control, T2 = Probiotics and Prebiotics of bacterial origin, T3 = Probiotics and prebiotics of yeast origin, T4 = Probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial origin + probiotics and prebiotics of yeast origin. There were four repetitions with 35 birds per repetition, and the birds had access to a pasture area after 35 days of age. Characteristics evaluated were performance, development of the digestive system, carcass and parts yield, abdominal fat, breast meat physical measurements (length, width and height) and meat quality parameters (pH from breast and leg meat, cooking loss and shearing force from breast meat). Lower mortality (p 0.05) and higher weight gain from 64 to 77 and 64 to 84 days of age were seen in birds supplemented with probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial origin compared to the non-supplemented birds (control). There were significant differences (p 0.05) among treatments for carcass yield. Birds supplemented with both probiotics and prebiotics of microbial and yeast origin (T4) showed higher carcass yield than control birds. Supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial origin (T2) or the supplementation of these together with those of yeast origin (T4) reduced mortality and increased the carcass yield in free-range broiler chickens.
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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial and yeast origin on the performance, development of the digestive system, carcass yield and meat quality of free-range broiler chickens. Five hundred and sixty male chicks of the strain ISA S757-N were reared from one to 84 days old. The birds were distributed in four treatments according to a completely randomized block design: T1 = Control, T2 = Probiotics and Prebiotics of bacterial origin, T3 = Probiotics and prebiotics of yeast origin, T4 = Probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial origin + probiotics and prebiotics of yeast origin. There were four repetitions with 35 birds per repetition, and the birds had access to a pasture area after 35 days of age. Characteristics evaluated were performance, development of the digestive system, carcass and parts yield, abdominal fat, breast meat physical measurements (length, width and height) and meat quality parameters (pH from breast and leg meat, cooking loss and shearing force from breast meat). Lower mortality (p 0.05) and higher weight gain from 64 to 77 and 64 to 84 days of age were seen in birds supplemented with probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial origin compared to the non-supplemented birds (control). There were significant differences (p 0.05) among treatments for carcass yield. Birds supplemented with both probiotics and prebiotics of microbial and yeast origin (T4) showed higher carcass yield than control birds. Supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics of bacterial origin (T2) or the supplementation of these together with those of yeast origin (T4) reduced mortality and increased the carcass yield in free-range broiler chickens.
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This article is a review on the use of probiotics and prebiotics in commercial poultry industry. The importance of functional feeds is emphasized in relation to their composition and activity on the intestinal of these animals. Their mode of action and the benefits to poultry breeding are also presented. These functional feeds may probably substitute growth promoters in the future, for they reduce production costs and are responsible for better quality poultri products.
Nesse artigo, revisam-se os usos de probióticos e prebióticos na avicultura industrial. A importância dos alimentos funcionais que ganham espaço dia a dia, é abordada através da composição e atividade da microbiota intestinal normal das aves, do mecanismo de ação dos probióticos e prebióticos e dos seus benefícios à avicultura. Alimentos funcionais tendem a substituir paulatinamente os já tradicionais promotores de crescimento, reduzindo-se os custos de produção e proporcionando ao consumidor produtos avícolas de melhor qualidade.
RESUMO
This article is a review on the use of probiotics and prebiotics in commercial poultry industry. The importance of functional feeds is emphasized in relation to their composition and activity on the intestinal of these animals. Their mode of action and the benefits to poultry breeding are also presented. These functional feeds may probably substitute growth promoters in the future, for they reduce production costs and are responsible for better quality poultri products.
Nesse artigo, revisam-se os usos de probióticos e prebióticos na avicultura industrial. A importância dos alimentos funcionais que ganham espaço dia a dia, é abordada através da composição e atividade da microbiota intestinal normal das aves, do mecanismo de ação dos probióticos e prebióticos e dos seus benefícios à avicultura. Alimentos funcionais tendem a substituir paulatinamente os já tradicionais promotores de crescimento, reduzindo-se os custos de produção e proporcionando ao consumidor produtos avícolas de melhor qualidade.