RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Disordered eating behaviors (DEB) impact on health and wellbeing worldwide. This study aimed to examine sociodemographic trends in the prevalence of DEB over 20 years in the Australian general population. METHODS: Data were derived from five sequential cross-sectional surveys (1998, 2008, 2009, 2016 and 2017) with population-representative samples of adults and adolescents residing in South Australia (N = 15 075). DEBs investigated were objective binge eating (OBE), strict dieting/fasting, and purging. Sociodemographic data included gender, age, educational level, work and marital status, and residence. RESULTS: OBE prevalence increased significantly. Strict dieting/fasting also increased from 1998 to 2008/9 but remained stable between 2008/9 and 2016/7. Purging prevalence did not change significantly over time. All survey years were associated with a significantly higher odds of OBE, and strict diet/fasting compared to 1998. Lower age, a higher Accessibility Remoteness Index of Australia (ARIA) score, higher body mass index (BMI), higher educational attainment, and not being in a married or de facto relationship were independently associated with greater adjusted odds for endorsing OBE. Younger age, female gender, and higher BMI were also independently associated with greater adjusted odds for endorsing strict dieting/fasting. CONCLUSIONS: The increased prevalence of DEBs in various strata of Australian society has both public health and clinical implications. The results refute the stereotype that eating disorders (EDs) predominantly affect young women. They build impetus for future research on EDs among men and older individuals, with a view to developing tailored public health and clinical interventions for these populations.
Assuntos
Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar , Bulimia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Adulto , Masculino , Adolescente , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , Austrália/epidemiologia , Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/epidemiologia , Bulimia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
To investigate temporal changes in the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors among adolescents, and their association with socio demographic factors and overweight. Using probability sampling, two population-based cross-sectional surveys were conducted: one in 2005 (n=511) and the other in 2010 (n=314). The frequency of disordered eating behaviors (binge eating, strict dieting or fasting and compensatory behaviors) was investigated using a self-administered questionnaire. The presence of binge eating increased by 18.4% in the 5 years between the two surveys. In 2005, girls were 1.95 times more likely to engage in strict dieting or fasting than boys, and this difference increased to 7.02 times in 2010. Overweight adolescents were 2.29 times more likely to undertake strict dieting than non-overweight adolescents in 2005 and 3.65 times more likely to do so in 2010. No significant associations were found for compensatory behaviors. A pronounced increase in the prevalence of binge eating was observed, and girls and overweight adolescents were more likely to engage in strict dieting or fasting.
Assuntos
Bulimia/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bulimia/psicologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Jejum , Comportamento Alimentar , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/psicologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors among adolescents and adults living in the same household. METHODS: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study developed with a probabilistic sample of 511 adolescents and 1254 adults living in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The frequency of binge eating, purging, and strict dieting or fasting over the previous 6 months was ascertained using a self-report questionnaire. RESULTS: Binge eating (20.0% vs. 8.4%), strict dieting or fasting (18.9% vs. 2.4%), and purging (3.3% vs. 2.2%) were more frequent among adolescents than adults. There was a significant association between frequency of binge eating and strict dieting or fasting in adults and in adolescents living in the same household. CONCLUSION: The presence of disordered eating behaviors in adults may be a risk factor for the development of eating disorders in adolescents living in the same household. Thus, the development and implementation of eating disorder interventions should consider incorporating a family component.