RESUMO

We investigated whether the application of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) immediately after a standardized warm-up (WU + PBMT) or traditional PBMT (no pre-warming) would influence performance in intermittent testing and intensity variables. In a counterbalanced randomized crossover design, twelve female futsal players (mean age: 23.9 ± 3.8 years) attended four sessions. Each session involved either a standardized warm-up or maintaining seated rest for five minutes. Subsequently, PBMT or placebo (with the PBMT device turned off) was applied, followed by the YoYo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 test (YYIR1) during which we assessed heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and blood lactate levels. The performance in YYIIR1 was superior (p = 0.02) in the WU + PBMT condition (440.0 ± 59.0 m) compared to the WU + Placebo (353.3 ± 94.7 m), and placebo alone (no warm-up) (325.0 ± 67.2 m). We conclude that a combination of a specific warm-up before PBMT application improves high-intensity intermittent performance in amateur female futsal players without affecting intensity variables.

RESUMO

This study verified the effects of body size and game position on interactions performed by young soccer players in small-sided games (SSG). The sample consisted of 81 Brazilian soccer players (14.4 ± 1.1 years of age). Height, body mass, and trunk-cephalic height were measured. SSG was applied in the GK + 3v3 + GK format, and Social Network Analyses were carried out through filming the games to obtain the following prominence indicators: degree centrality, closeness centrality, degree prestige, and proximity prestige, in addition to network intensity and number of goals scored. Factorial ANCOVA (bone age as covariate) was used to test the effects of game position, body size, and respective interaction on centrality measurements (p < 0.05). Similarity between game positions in body size indicators (p > 0.05) was observed. The game position affected degree centrality (p = 0.01, η 2 = 0.16), closeness centrality (p = 0.01, η 2 = 0.11), and network intensity (p = 0.02, η 2 = 0.09), in which midfielders presented the highest network prominence values when compared to defenders and forwards. In conclusion, midfielders are players with high interaction patterns in the main offensive plays, which behavior is independent of body size.

RESUMO

Fatigue induced by soccer playing increases physical efforts, which might alter the transverse knee stability, a known factor that promotes knee injuries, particularly anterior cruciate ligament injury. Thereby, primarily, we aimed to determine whether rotatory knee stability decreases immediately following a competitive soccer match in amateur players. Furthermore, we assessed the role of the preferred and non-preferred limbs to kick a ball in rotatory knee stability and the correlation between performance parameters and rotatory knee stability. We hypothesized that the knee stability decreases immediately after a competitive soccer match in amateur players. Eight healthy amateur soccer players (aged 27.2 ± 4.7 years and with body mass index of 23.8 ± 1.2 kg m-2) were included immediately before and after a competitive soccer match. The rotatory knee stability was assessed in the preferred and non-preferred limbs through the acceleration and jerk of the pivot shift maneuver and by the internal knee rotation of a pivoting landing task. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA for factors time (before and after the soccer match) and limb (preferred and non-preferred) and multiple comparisons were performed using α = 5%. There was a statistical significance for the main factor time in the acceleration (5.04 vs. 6.90 ms-2, Δ = 1.86 ms-2, p = 0.020, η2 = 0.331) and jerk (18.46 vs. 32.10 ms-2, Δ = 13.64 ms-2, p = 0.004, η2 = 0.456) of the pivot shift maneuver. Rotatory stability decreases following a competitive soccer match in amateur soccer players under fatigue. Both the acceleration and jerk during the pivot shift maneuver is increased without significant internal knee rotation changes during the pivoting landing task.

RESUMO

Soccer players inescapably live under stress during the sportive career, and many real-life aspects of soccer situations operate in the ongoing performance. This study's main objective was to elaborate the List of Stressors in Professional Indoor and Field Soccer, a self-report instrument designed to measure the impact of 77 soccer situations upon the sport performance. Participants were 138 indoor and field soccer players from the Brazilian Premier League. Each situation was evaluated on a 7-point scale, ranging from the most negative (-3) to the most positive (+3). Data were analyzed according to the players' perception of the items: distress or eustress and its intensity, and after that, situations perceived as plus -1 and +1 were compared by time in which they were experienced and distributed among five categories established by the literature: Expectations about the Performance, Personal Factors, Competition Aspects, Training Demands, and Relationship with Significant People. Narratives of athletes' experiences were also used to discuss the results. An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling using Bi-factorial (BI-ESEM) was employed to assess the factor structure. For the total participants, 49 situations were perceived as distress and 28 as eustress. Using the criteria established a priori, the distribution was among the five categories in the remaining 32 situations. Differences in perception between less and more experienced players were found in 11 situations. The results revealed that Brazilian professional soccer players experience various stressful situations. These events are important representations of environmental demands and could predict the performance as they are perceived as eustress or distress. Some of these stressful situations are inherent in sport and others adjacent to the sports system or environment. Coach pressure to win and conflicts with teammates are examples of stressors in-sport, family problems and disputes with press or fans are examples of stressors external to the team, also called peripheral opponents, and showed the relative social influence of significant others in soccer performance. We can conclude that the knowledge of the direction of a given stress situation has important practical implications in preparing athletes and helping them face the performance stressors that are part of soccer daily life.

RESUMO

El fútbol es uno de los deportes con mayor riesgo y frecuencia de lesiones. Para determinar la distribución de las lesiones de un equipo profesional de fútbol durante una temporada; se realizó un estudio de cohorte prospectivo incluyó a los 29 jugadores de la categoria A del Deportivo Independiente Medellín que participaron en la primera temporada de 2009 de la copa Mustang. Cada uno de los jugadores diligenció una encuesta inicial que incluía la edad, posición de juego, lesiones previas incapacitantes en los últimos dos años y dominancia del miembro inferior. Diariamente se llenaba el formato de lesión para cada jugador, en entrenamiento y competencia, que incluía sitio anatómico lesionado, tipo de lesión, diagnóstico inicial, diagnóstico definitivo, lesión recurrente, mecanismo de lesión, causa de la lesión e incapacidad. La edad promedio fue de 23,55 ± 4,65. El 44,8% de los jugadores reportaron antecendentes de les¡ón en los últimos 2 años. El 64,3% de las lesiones ocurrieron durante la competencia. El sitio anatómico más afectado fue el muslo. El primer diagnóstico fue el desgarro muscular y siempre ocurrio en competencia. La mayoría de las lesiones fueron musculares (35,7%) y de no contacto (85,7%). Las lesiones por sobreuso y trauma presentaron la misma frecuencia en todo el grupo. El 50% de las lesiones fueron leves. No se presentaron lesiones recurrentes. Se presentaron más lesiones durante la competencia, principalmente desgarros musculares del muslo, de no contacto, por sobreuso y trauma, leves en severidad y primordialmenteen jugadores con lesiones previas.

To determine the distribution of injuries to professional football team during a season, a prospective cohort study included the 29 players from Class A Deportivo Independiente Medellín who participated in the first season of 2009 Mustang Cup was done. Each player fills out an initial survery that included age, playing position, previous disabling injuries in the past two years and lower limb dominance. Every day was filled format for each player injury in training and competition, which included anatomical site injured, type of injury, initial diagnosis, final diagnosis, recurrent injury, mechanism of injury, cause of injury and disability. The average age was 23,55 ± 4,65. The 44,8% of players reported a history of injury in the last 2 years. 64,3% of injuries occurred during competition. The most affected anatomical site was the thigh. The first diagnosis was a muscle tear and always occurred in competition. Most of the injuries were muscle (35,7%) and no contact (85,7%). Overuse injuries and trauma showed the same frequency in the group. 50% of the injuries were minor. There were no recurrent lesions. There were more injuries during competition, particularly the thigh nuscle tears, no contact, overuse and trauma, mild in severity and primarily players with previous injuries.

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