RESUMO
Augmentation index and pulse wave velocity are markers of vascular compromise and independent predictors of cardiovascular risk and mortality. While the link between shift work and heightened cardiovascular risk is established, the intricate genesis of early cardiovascular outcomes in shift workers remains incompletely understood. However, there is evidence that sleep duration plays a role in this regard. Here we evaluate the association of total sleep time with pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and central blood pressure in night shift workers. This study cross-sectionally evaluated the association of total sleep time evaluated by 10-day monitoring actigraphy with augmentation index, pulse wave velocity, and brachial and central blood pressure evaluated by oscillometry in nursing professionals, 63 shift workers (89% women; age = 45.0 ± 10.5 years), and 17 (100% women; age = 41.8 ± 15.6) day workers. There were no differences in the studied variables between shift workers and day workers. Results of correlation analysis demonstrated that pulse wave velocity, central systolic blood pressure, central diastolic blood pressure, brachial systolic blood pressure, and brachial diastolic blood pressure tended to have significant correlation with each other, while these measures did not have a significant relationship with augmentation index in both groups. However, results of adjusted restricted cubic spline analysis showed a U-shaped-curve association between total sleep time and augmentation index (p < 0.001 for trend) with a nadir at 300-360 min of total sleep time in shift workers. The present study showed that total sleep time, assessed by actigraphy, had a U-shaped association with augmentation index in shift workers, which indicated better characteristics of vascular functionality when sleep time was 5-6 h in the workers studied.
Assuntos
Análise de Onda de Pulso , Duração do Sono , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Ritmo Circadiano , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of arterial hypertension and the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (HWP) and hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height phenotype (HWHP). METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1422 male rotating shift workers in Brazil. The HWP was defined as having a waist circumference ≥94 cm and serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, whereas the HWHP was determined by having a waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5 and serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL. To provide a characterization of the sample, data were presented in both absolute and relative values, and Pearson's chi-square test was employed. To investigate the potential association between arterial hypertension and the presence of HWP or HWHP, multivariate logistic regression was conducted, accounting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical variables. Furthermore, we conducted a stratified multivariate logistic regression analysis, considering the duration of shift work, to assess whether the results remained consistent depending on the length of work experience in shifts. RESULTS: A noteworthy association was observed between arterial hypertension and both HWP and HWHP, with HWHP exhibiting a stronger association with the disease. Furthermore, a positive association between arterial hypertension and these phenotypes was identified in workers with five or more years of shift work. CONCLUSION: We recommend the utilization of HWHP as a screening tool, as it indicates a stronger association with arterial hypertension compared to HWP. Additionally, the duration of time spent working in shifts emerged as a significant factor influencing the presence of these phenotypes.
Assuntos
Hipertensão , Cintura Hipertrigliceridêmica , Humanos , Masculino , Cintura Hipertrigliceridêmica/complicações , Cintura Hipertrigliceridêmica/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Transversais , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/complicações , Fenótipo , TriglicerídeosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the meal timing variability of rotating shift workers throughout a complete shift schedule and its effect on daily energy and macronutrient intake. METHODS: Thirty male shift-workers from a mining company were evaluated in a complete rotation shift cycle over 240 consecutive hours (10 days; two days of morning shifts, two days of evening shifts, 24 h free, two days of night shifts and three days off). Food intake related variables [meal timing, energy (kcal) and macronutrient intake (%)] were assessed by 24 h recall by a trained nutritionist. Mixed models were used to analyze the variation in meal timing and energy and macronutrient intake throughout the shift cycle, as well as the interaction between shift and time ranges (00:00-03:59, 04:00-07:59, 08:00-11:59, 12:00-15:59, 16:00-19:59, 20:00-23:59). RESULTS: The first meal of the day was earlier on night shifts [D6 (3:44 ± 0:33) and D7 (5:52 ± 0:42)] compared to the other shifts (p < 0.001), except for D4 (evening shift; 5:51 ± 0:47) versus D7 (p = 0.999). Night shifts also showed a shorter night fasting (D5-D6, 9.3 h; D6-D7, 9.6 h) than most other nights (p < 0.05), except for the fasting between D1-D2 (11.3 h) and D3-D4 (11.2 h) (p > 0.05). There was no difference in 24 h energy intake throughout the shift cycle (p = 0.065). The analysis of interaction between shift and time ranges showed that night shift (D6) presented a higher intake of energy (441.5 ± 48.4 kcal), percentage of energy (D6: 17.8 ± 1.8%), fat (17.6 ± 2.0%), carbohydrate (17.0 ± 1.7%) and protein (16.4 ± 1.8%) between 00:00 and 03:59 compared with the other shift days (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Night shifts seem to contribute to a longer eating window than other shifts. Moreover, there is a higher energy and macronutrients intake during night shifts, which reduces the night fast period and could have implications for metabolic dysregulation.
Assuntos
Ritmo Circadiano , Ingestão de Alimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Ingestão de Energia/fisiologia , Refeições , Sono/fisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The impact of the rotation between different shifts and free days within a short period of time on the food consumption is poorly addressed in the literature. Our objective was to characterize the eating duration (ED) over 10 d of clockwise rotating and to associate it with the intake of energy and macronutrients. METHODS: Thirty male shift-workers from a mining company were evaluated over a complete rotation shift schedule of 10 consecutive days (2 d of morning shifts, 2 d of afternoon shifts, 24 h free-day, 2 d of night shifts, and three free days). ED was defined as the interval between the first meal after awaking and last meal before sleep onset. Sleep/wake periods and food intake were evaluated by actigraphy and 24 h recalls, respectively. Generalized models were used to analyze the variation in ED and its association with nutrient intake over the shift schedule. RESULTS: ED periods showed significant variations throughout shift rotation and were associated with energy intake. The highest energy intake (3410 ± 235 kcal) and longest ED (20.7 ± 1.2 h) were found on Day 5, the day between afternoon and night shifts, and a part of Day 6 (night shift), i.e., in the longest period of wakefulness and the shortest sleep duration (4.7 ± 0.3 h) (p < 0.05 for all). The lowest energy intake (1284 ± 125 kcal) and shortest ED (4.96 ± 0.7 h) (p < 0.05) occurred after the last night shift (Day 7). The balance between the percentage of macronutrients did not differ statistically between the ED periods. CONCLUSIONS: In general, longer periods of wakefulness showed greater energy intake, demonstrating the tendency of workers to eat around the clock during their shift. Even with the energy intake variation, the balance of macronutrients remained the same over the ED periods. Despite the need of confirmation in future studies, these results suggest that the management of ED period could be considered in the nutritional approach of shift workers.
Assuntos
Ingestão de Energia , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado , Ingestão de Alimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Refeições , SonoRESUMO
Este trabalho se propõe a analisar os efeitos do trabalho em turnos na qualidade de sono e na atenção sustentada de trabalhadores em turnos alternantes. Dados referentes a este esquema de trabalho, em ambiente operacional real, ainda são escassos na literatura. O recorte amostral constitui-se de 21 trabalhadores, subdivididos em 10 participantes alocados no turno diurno e 11 no turno noturno. Utilizou-se o Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pitt Sburgh (IQSP), o diário do sono e o Teste de Vigilância Psicomotora (PVT). A qualidade do sono foi pior no turno noturno do que no diurno. A atenção sofreu oscilação no desempenho, em função da hora do dia, da idade e dos anos de trabalho em esquema de turnos alternantes, para os dois turnos. O pior desempenho na atenção foi associado com o sono de curta duração no trabalho durante o turno noturno. Sugere-se que o trabalho noturno cause mais prejuízos ao sono dos trabalhadores e que a privação do sono pode afetar o desempenho cognitivo de funções como a atenção sustentada (AU)
This work aims to analyze the effects of shift work on sleep quality and sustained attention of workers on shift rotation. Data relating to this shift work, in a real operational environment, are still scarce in the literature. The sample cut is made up of 21 workers, subdivided into 10 participants allocated to the day shift and 11 workers on night shift . The Pitt sburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Sleep Diary and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT)were used. Sleep quality was worse on the night shift than day shift . Attention showed variation in performance, depending the ti me of day, age and years of work in shift rotation for the two shifts. The worst attention performance was associated with short sleep duration the night shift . It is suggested that the night work causes more harmto the workers sleep and that sleep deprivation may affect cognitive performance of functions such as sustained attention (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sono , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano , Transtornos da Transição Sono-VigíliaRESUMO
Este trabalho se propõe a analisar os efeitos do trabalho em turnos na qualidade de sono e na atenção sustentada de trabalhadores em turnos alternantes. Dados referentes a este esquema de trabalho, em ambiente operacional real, ainda são escassos na literatura. O recorte amostral constitui-se de 21 trabalhadores, subdivididos em 10 participantes alocados no turno diurno e 11 no turno noturno. Utilizou-se o Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pitt Sburgh (IQSP), o diário do sono e o Teste de Vigilância Psicomotora (PVT). A qualidade do sono foi pior no turno noturno do que no diurno. A atenção sofreu oscilação no desempenho, em função da hora do dia, da idade e dos anos de trabalho em esquema de turnos alternantes, para os dois turnos. O pior desempenho na atenção foi associado com o sono de curta duração no trabalho durante o turno noturno. Sugere-se que o trabalho noturno cause mais prejuízos ao sono dos trabalhadores e que a privação do sono pode afetar o desempenho cognitivo de funções como a atenção sustentada
This work aims to analyze the effects of shift work on sleep quality and sustained attention of workers on shift rotation. Data relating to this shift work, in a real operational environment, are still scarce in the literature. The sample cut is made up of 21 workers, subdivided into 10 participants allocated to the day shift and 11 workers on night shift . The Pitt sburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Sleep Diary and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT)were used. Sleep quality was worse on the night shift than day shift . Attention showed variation in performance, depending the ti me of day, age and years of work in shift rotation for the two shifts. The worst attention performance was associated with short sleep duration the night shift . It is suggested that the night work causes more harmto the workers' sleep and that sleep deprivation may affect cognitive performance of functions such as sustained attention
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sono , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano , Transtornos da Transição Sono-VigíliaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to compare anthropometry and food intake patterns in bus drivers working during the day and night. One hundred and fifty males (81 night workers and 69 day workers) participated in the study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Measurements of height, weight, waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profile were obtained. A significant difference between groups was observed for mean WC (98.5 ± 10.7 cm in day workers versus 103.2 ± 9.7 cm in night workers; p = 0.005). Night workers had higher prevalence of being overweight and obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) than day workers (78.2% day workers versus 90.2% night workers; p = 0.004) and increased WC (>94 cm) (72.4% day workers versus 86.4% night workers; p = 0.03). Significant differences were found for meat consumption (2.3 servings ±0.9 for night workers versus 2.0 servings ±0.7 day workers, p = 0.04) and fruit intake (0.9 servings ±0.4 for night workers versus 0.7 servings for day workers ±0.5; p = 0.006). Night workers had a lower intake of vegetables than recommended compared to day workers (100 versus 92.7%, respectively, p = 0.01) and higher intake of oil (40.7 versus 24.6%, p = 0.03). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that night work was associated with being overweight (OR = 2.94, 95% IC: 1.14-7.66, p = 0.03) and abnormal values of WC (OR = 2.82, 95% IC: 1.20-6.69, p = 0.009) after adjusting for potential confounders. It is concluded that night workers had a higher prevalence and risk of being overweight/obese and increased WC compared with day workers. Night workers also presented a higher proportion of inappropriate intakes of food groups when compared to day workers, even though both groups were eating poor diets. These results demonstrate the need of lifestyle-intervention programs in these workers.
Assuntos
Condução de Veículo/psicologia , Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Estado Nutricional , Obesidade Abdominal/etiologia , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado/fisiologia , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado/psicologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Metaboloma , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Veículos Automotores , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Obesidade Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Saúde Ocupacional , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/etiologia , Sobrepeso/fisiopatologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Circunferência da CinturaRESUMO
Neste estudo, os objetivos foram descrever as características de matutinidade/vespertinidade de um grupo de trabalhadores em turnos de uma indústria química e identificar possíveis associações entre cronótipo e turno de trabalho. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma indústria química do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os trabalhadores lotados nesta seção eram distribuídos em dois turnos: matutino e vespertino. A amostra constituiu-se de 44 trabalhadores, dos sexos feminino e masculino, que trabalhavam em ambos os turnos. Os dados foram coletados com a versão brasileira do questionário de identificação de indivíduos matutinos e vespertinos que foi elaborado por Horne & Östberg (1976). Foi verificado o predomínio do cronótipo "moderadamente matutino" - MM (n = 21 ou 47,73%) -, seguido pelo tipo "Indiferente" - IN (n = 12 ou 27,27%) - e pelo tipo "definitivamente matutino" - DM (n = 10 ou 22,73%). Somente um indivíduo foi classificado como "definitivamente vespertino" - DV (2,27%). Entre os trabalhadores estudados houve predomínio do cronótipo "moderadamente matutino" seguido do tipo "indiferente" e do tipo "definitivamente matutino". Não foram verificadas associações estatisticamente significativas entre o cronótipo e as características individuais neste estudo.
This study aimed not only at describing the typical morning or night features of a group of shift workers in a chemical industry, but also at identifying possible links between work shifts and chronotype. This study was held in a two-shift-chemical industry located in the interior of São Paulo. The subjects of our research were the 44 men and women working there either in the morning or at night. The data was collected through the Brazilian version of the Horne & Östberg chronotypes identification questionnaire. The "moderately morning" chronotype was predominant - MM (47,73%), followed by the "indifferent" - IN (27,27%) and by the "definitely morning" - DM (22,73%). Only one of them could be considered a "definitely night" - DN (2,27%). The workers under study were predominantly classified as "moderately morning" followed by the "indifferent" and by the "definitely morning" chronotypes. No statistically relevant relationship was found between the chronotype and individual characteristics.