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OBJECTIVE: to identify the perception of professional empowerment among midwives in selected Latin American countries (LA). Specifically, this study aimed to compare i) the global level of empowerment among midwives in different LA countries, ii) the scores according to the different dimensions of the scale, and iii) scores according to area the of expertise. DESIGN: A quantitative, observational, analytical, cross-sectional and multisite study using an adaptation of the Perceptions Midwifery Empowerment Scale (PEMS). SETTINGS: Clinical, educational and managerial midwifery positions in 5 LA countries belonging to a Latin American Research Network in Midwifery. All the participating countries reported a similar profile regarding type of education, association and regulation procedures. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1127 responses from midwives with different professional backgrounds were included in the study. FINDINGS: A total mean score of 73.28 (74.23-72.03) points was reported. Chile reported the lowest score of empowerment compared to the other countries, while Argentina reported the highest. Midwives' perceptions of empowerment within their area of expertise, primary health care (PHC) was the area of reference, and gynaecology reported a significantly lower score. Midwives working in management were significantly more empowered compared with those in other areas. Midwives who had continuous education and postgraduate studies were the most empowered. Regarding the provision of woman-centred Care, Chile and El Salvador differed significantly from Argentina (reference), while Uruguay reported a significantly higher score in this dimension. Midwives working in hospital wards reported significantly lower scores compared to those working in PHC. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study suggests that midwifery programmes in the LA countries would benefit from prioritising professional empowerment, especially in the areas of hospital practice, where midwives' perceptions of empowerment were most limited.

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La Revista Ocupación Humana ha sido un importante medio de divulgación del conocimiento en Terapia Ocupacional y en los estudios sobre ocupación humana. Su primera edición, emitida el 24 de octubre de 1984, significó un hito para Colombia y para Latinoamérica, al constituirse en referente para el ejercicio profesional y el desarrollo disciplinar. Inicialmente, se orientó a comprender las áreas del desempeño profesional, a socializar investigaciones, a promover la discusión y la proyección de la profesión en ciencia y tecnología, y a conocer y difundir la emergente participación en escenarios de incidencia comunitaria, social y política. Después de una pausa editorial de cinco años, en el año 2013, se retoma la publicación. Desde entonces, se ha trabajado en su fortalecimiento, visibilidad y apertura, proceso en el que se ha contado con la participación de colegas de Colombia y otros países hermanos. En este aniversario, el Comité Editorial desea que la revista siga consolidándose como medio fundamental para que las y los terapeutas ocupacionales sigan escuchándose, conociéndose, conectándose con los debates profesionales y fortaleciéndose como gremio. Por eso, celebra e invita a celebrar con un canto estos cuarenta años de retos y a dar la bienvenida a los que vendrán

The Revista Ocupación Humana has been an essential medium in disseminating knowledge in Occupational Therapy and studies on human occupation. Its first edition, released on 24 October 1984, marked a milestone for Colombia and Latin America, becoming a benchmark for professional practice and disciplinary development. Initially, it focused on understanding areas of professional performance, disseminating research, promoting discussion, and projecting the profession in science and technology, and understanding and spreading the emerging participation in community, social, and political-impact scenarios. After a five-year editorial break, in 2013, the publication resumed. Since then, work has been undertaken to strengthen its visibility and openness, with the participation of colleagues from Colombia and other sister countries. On this anniversary, the Editorial Board hopes that the magazine will continue to consolidate itself as a key means for occupational therapists to continue listening to each other, get to know each other, engage in professional debates, and strengthen themselves as a body. As such, it celebrates and invites you to celebrate these forty years of challenges and welcome those that will come.

A Revista Ocupación Humana tem sido um importante meio de divulgação do conhecimento em Terapia Ocupacional e em estudos sobre ocupação humana. Sua primeira edição, emitida em 24 de outubro de 1984, significou um marco para a Colômbia e para a América Latina, ao se constituir como referência para a prática profissional e o desenvolvimento disciplinar. Inicialmente, dedicou-se a compreender as áreas do desempenho profissional, a socializar pesquisas, a promover a discussão e a projeção da profissão em ciência e tecnologia, a conhecer e difundir a emergente participação em cenários de incidência comunitária, social e política. Após uma pausa editorial de cinco anos, em 2013, retomou-se a publicação. Desde então, tem-se trabalhado no seu fortalecimento, visibilidade e abertura, processo no qual se conta com a participação de colegas da Colômbia e de outros países irmãos. Neste aniversário, o Comitê Editorial deseja que a revista continue a se consolidar como meio fundamental para que as e os terapeutas ocupacionais continuem ouvindo-se, conhecendo-se, conectando-se com os debates profissionais e fortalecendo-se no coletivo. Por isso, celebra e convida a celebrar com um canto estes quarenta anos de desafios, bem como a dar as boas-vindas aos que virão.

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, we evaluated the association between gender division of housework and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization in a population-based cohort of mothers. We collected data on psychological, physical, and sexual IPV using an adapted version of the World Health Organization Violence Against Women instrument and division of housework using a validated questionnaire. We used logistic regression to calculate adjusted odds ratios. We found that in mothers who reported an unequal gender division of housework (higher load), the odds of suffering psychological, physical, or sexual IPV were higher during the first and second years of the pandemic.

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Gamified interventions are an emerging approach in mental health treatment and prevention. Their positive effects on managing various clinical conditions stem from enhancing social skills. However, cost-effective options like Table-top Role-Playing Games (TTRPGs), which offer similar benefits to other game-based interventions, lack standardized methods for ensuring replicability. In this regard, the method outlined in this study endeavors, in a structured and guided manner drawing from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), to establish a six-step protocol for developing an intervention method utilizing TTRPGs. In all Steps, we aim to anchor ourselves in robust literature concerning social skills training (SST), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and gamification comprehensively. Thus, the method presented encompasses the objectives of SST, the strategies of CBT, and the dynamics of gamification via TTRPGs. Furthermore, we demonstrate a possible application of the method to illustrate its feasibility. Ultimately, the final method is structured, evidence-based, easily applicable, cost-effective, and thus viable. Mental health professionals seeking a structured and instructional tool for protocol development will find support in the method proposed here.

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Objetivo: Refletir acerca das contribuições da enfermagem para a eliminação das hepatites virais no Sistema Único de Saúde. Métodos: Estudo reflexivo de abordagem qualitativa sustentado na prática do enfermeiro em sistemas de saúde organizado em três categorias. Resultados: Na categoria Ampliação do escopo de prática: percurso para fortalecer a atuação do enfermeiro na Rede de Atenção à Saúde, aborda-se atuação na agenda estratégica do Ministério da Saúde e do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem em prover condições para ampliação do acesso por meio da gestão, assistência, ensino e pesquisa. Na categoria Subsídios da gestão e coordenação do cuidado para guiar a prática do enfermeiro aborda-se a dimensão individual e familiar, profissional, organizacional, sistêmica e societária com reconhecimento da necessidade de ampliar a reflexão. Na categoria O enfermeiro na gestão de programas de enfrentamento às hepatites virais pontua-se aspectos intrínsecos construídos desde a formação com ênfase para a gestão e gerência, em uma dinâmica real de responsabilidade técnica em programas, serviços e equipes. Conclusão: A reflexão da contribuição do enfermeiro possui relação com a gestão e coordenação do cuidado, prática já estabelecida ao profissional, mas que requer diretrizes e investimento para às hepatites por meio da educação permanente. (AU)

Objective: To reflect on the contributions of nursing to the elimination of viral hepatitis in the Unified Health System. Methods: This was a reflexive study with a qualitative approach based on the practice of nursing in health systems, organized into three categories. Results: In the category Expansion of the scope of practice: path to strengthen the role of nurses in the Health Care Network, the strategic agenda of the Ministry of Health and the Federal Council of Nursing is addressed in providing conditions for expanding access through management, care, teaching and research. In the category subsidies of care management and coordination to guide nursing practice, the individual and family, professional, organizational, systemic and societal dimensions are addressed, with recognition of the need to broaden reflection. In the category Nurses in the management of programs to combat viral hepatitis, intrinsic aspects built since training are highlighted, with emphasis on management and management, in a real dynamic of technical responsibility in programs, services and teams. Conclusion: The reflection on the contribution of nurses is related to the management and coordination of care, a practice already established for professionals, but which requires guidelines and investment for hepatitis through continuing education. (AU)

Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre las contribuciones de la enfermería a la eliminación de las hepatitis virales en el Sistema Único de Salud. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio reflexivo con abordaje cualitativo basado en la práctica de enfermería en los sistemas de salud, organizado en tres categorías. Resultados: En la categoría Ampliación del ámbito de la práctica: camino para fortalecer el papel de los enfermeros en la Red de Atención a la Salud, se aborda la agenda estratégica del Ministerio de Salud y del Consejo Federal de Enfermería en la provisión de condiciones para ampliar el acceso a través de la gestión, el cuidado, la enseñanza y la investigación. En la categoría Subsidios de gestión y coordinación del cuidado para orientar la práctica de enfermería, se abordan las dimensiones individual y familiar, profesional, organizacional, sistémica y social, reconociendo la necesidad de ampliar la reflexión. En la categoría Enfermeras en la gestión de programas de combate a las hepatitis virales, se destacan aspectos intrínsecos construidos desde la formación, con énfasis en la gestión y gestión, en una dinámica real de responsabilidad técnica en programas, servicios y equipos. Conclusión: La reflexión sobre la contribución de los enfermeros se relaciona con la gestión y coordinación de los cuidados, una práctica ya establecida para los profesionales, pero que requiere directrices e inversión para la hepatitis a través de la educación continua. (AU)

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Objective: Nurses inevitably encounter patients who require care aimed at limiting therapeutic effort (LTE), even though many of them are not prepared to provide support to individuals with terminal illnesses and their families. One of the contexts in which the LTE is considered is the intensive care unit (ICU). This review is to describe the competencies for the execution of a nursing professional role in the LTE in the ICU. Method: An integrative review of the literature published between the years 2010 and 2023. The search was carried out in five databases: Medline, Wiley Online Library, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme in Spanish was used as the template for study evaluation. The methodology of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) was used to assess the level of evidence and the degree of recommendation. Result: A total of 25 articles in a wide range of studies were included. The findings suggest that the competencies for LTE in the ICU are direct patient care, family-centered care, and the role of the nurse within the team. However, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm these conclusions. Three categories were identified: (a) competencies as defender agent between the patient, his family, and the interdisciplinary team; (b) competencies for decision-making in limiting the therapeutic effort; and (c) competencies for nursing therapeutic interventions at the end of life. Conclusion: The competencies of the nursing professionals who work in the adult ICU in the LTE are essential to the patient's quality of life, dignity of their death, and comprehensive family support for coping with grief.

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Bacteriophages have been extensively investigated due to their prominent role in the virulence and resistance of pathogenic bacteria. However, little attention has been given to the non-pathogenic Bacillus phages, and their role in the ecological bacteria genome is overlooked. In the present study, we characterized two Bacillus phages with a linear DNA genome of 33.6 kb with 44.83% GC contents and 129.3 kb with 34.70% GC contents. A total of 46 and 175 putative coding DNA sequences (CDS) were identified in prophage 1 (P1) and prophage 2 (P2), respectively, with no tRNA genes. Comparative genome sequence analysis revealed that P1 shares eight CDS with phage Jimmer 2 (NC-041976), and phage Osiris (NC-028969), and six with phage phi CT9441A (NC-029022). On the other hand, P2 showed high similarity with Bacill_SPbeta_NC_001884 and Bacillus phage phi 105. Further, genome analysis indicates several horizontal gene transfer events in both phages during the evolution process. In addition, we detected two CRISPR-Cas systems for the first time in B. subtilis. The identified CRISPR system consists of 24 and 25 direct repeats and integrase coding genes, while the cas gene which encodes Cas protein involved in the cleavage of a target sequence is missing. These findings will expand the current knowledge of soil phages as well as help to develop a new perspective for investigating more ecological phages to understand their role in bacterial communities and diversity.

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Background: In recent years, pharmaceutical professionalism has been questioned due to the social role of pharmacy, which is ambiguous in the literature. This raises questions about the purpose of the profession among pharmacists, despite the efforts of their professional organizations and formal leaders to consolidate the occupational status of the profession. Objective: To understand the social role of pharmacy in Brazil through its historical evolution based on the perceptions of formal leaders of the profession. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted between July 2020 and February 2021 with pharmacists who held leadership positions in formal and professional pharmacy organizations in Brazil. The data obtained from the interviews were submitted to content analysis. Results: A total of 17 pharmacists participated in this study. The data analyzed presented perceptions about the social role of the pharmaceutical profession in Brazil, which promotes access to health through different means. These include the manager pharmacist, who facilitates access to public health policies; the caring pharmacist, who promotes health education and the rational use of medicines; and the technologist pharmacist, who researches, develops, and promotes access to safe and cost-effective medicines. The interviewees also discussed the evolution of this social role based on influential factors such as legislation, clinical movement, pharmaceutical education, labor market, behaviors, and attitudes of pharmacists. Conclusion: In this study, pharmaceutical professionalism was conceptualized based on its social role, which should be centered on the patient. Understanding such issues is part of the evolutionary purpose of the profession in Brazil and should be encouraged in the behaviors and attitudes of pharmacists despite the challenges faced by the profession.

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Introduction: Primary health care is a strategy that involves the different health professionals and other agents in the system who can influence the social determinants that affect human wellbeing. Objective: To know the meanings about primary health care of nursing professionals practicing in this field in a municipality of Colombia. Materials and Methods: Qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study. The research was conducted in a State Social Company (ESE for its acronym in Spanish) that provides primary health care services. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The sample consisted of 13 professionals. IRaMuTeQ software was used to help data interpretation. Results: 'Nurse' was the most frequent word. The content analyzed was categorized into four classes: 'Meanings about primary health care', 'nursing activities in primary health care', 'barriers encountered in primary health care', 'primary health care organization and work team'. Conclusions: Primary health care meaning is understood as the entry point of users into the health system and the one responsible for coordinating their passage through other points of the healthcare network according to users' health needs. In addition, primary health care is understood as the level of care at which essential health actions focused on the early detection of health risks and complications are carried out, so that health interventions can be planned, implemented, and evaluated on that basis.

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BACKGROUND: The Work Role Functioning Questionnaire 2.0 (WRFQ 2.0) is an important instrument within the context of occupational health, consisting of 27 items and 5 domains. In addition, a short version of WRFQ 2.0 with 5 items (WRFQ-5) was proposed, showing agreement with the long version. Thus, we aimed to confirm the number of factors of the WRFQ-5 short version and to verify the structural, construct, and criterion validity, reliability, internal consistency, and analysis of ceiling and floor effects of the Brazilian version of the WRFQ-5 in a general workers population. METHODS: A questionnaire validation and measurement properties study. We evaluated the internal structure of the WRFQ-5 by means of confirmatory factor analysis. Construct validity was assessed by correlating the WRFQ-5 with the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Work Ability Index (WAI), and Self-Estimated Functional Inability because of Pain (SEFIP-work). Criterion validity was assessed by correlating the WRFQ-5 with the 5 domains of the WRFQ 2.0. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were also evaluated. RESULTS: We observed positive correlations (p < .05) between the WRFQ-5 and the WAI (rho = 0.161 to 0.308) and negative correlations (p < .05) between the WRFQ-5 and the SEFIP-work (rho = -0.293). The WRFQ-5 significantly and positively correlates with the 5 domains of WRFQ 2.0 (rho = 0.742 to 0.830). The test-retest reliability of the WRFQ-5 was excellent (ICC2,1 = 0.935) and the internal consistency was adequate (Cronbach's alpha = 0.938). We did not observe ceiling and floor effects. CONCLUSION: The one-dimensional internal structure of the WRFQ-5 in Brazilian Portuguese has a valid internal structure and construct, as well as adequate reliability and internal consistency.

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BACKGROUND: Working part-time or full-time is a persistent dilemma for women, especially mothers, as they strive to manage their time across various roles. However, the existing literature remains unclear on whether part-time work contributes more to life satisfaction than full-time work. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe and compare time-use patterns in different occupational roles and levels of life satisfaction among 795 mothers in Brazil who are employed either part-time or full-time. METHODS: Data was collected through an online survey and the snowball technique. Regression and correlation analyses were performed on the data obtained from the following instruments: the Role Checklist for assessing time-use within occupational roles, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and demographic information. RESULTS: Our analysis revealed no significant differences in life satisfaction between mothers working full-time and those working part-time (t (793)=1.160, p = 0.24). However, life satisfaction scores were positively correlated with the number of occupational roles performed (r = 0.222, p < 0.01), higher family income (P < 0.001), and engagement in social roles such as Friend (r = 0.106, p = 0.003), Hobbyist/Amateur (r = 0.08, p = 0.018), and Caregiver (r = 0.07, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: While our society places significant emphasis on time spent at work, our findings highlight that life satisfaction extends far beyond the dichotomy of working part-time or full-time. There are deeper dimensions to consider, including the number of occupational roles, family income, and engagement in social roles, which have a more substantial impact on overall life satisfaction.

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Abstract Objective To reveal the image of nursing professionals in Chile through the analysis of children's drawings. Method This is an exploratory qualitative study, involving the collection of information through nine drawings made by children aged between 7 and 10 years, using free technique, and then were analyzed with the Iconographic Method proposed by Erwin Panofsky. Results Most drawings depict clinical activities of nurses, focusing predominantly on the technical dimension of the profession. Although nursing is commonly associated with a mostly female occupation, permeated by gender stereotypes, some participants were able to identify the presence and importance of the male role in this professional field. No iconographic elements were identified that would reinforce stigmas associated with nursing professionals, such as the view that they are supporters, aides, or mere medical assistants. Conclusions and implications for practice Children's drawings serve as a reflection of the collective imagination of society. By studying them in relation to nursing, we can identify the advances of the profession and glimpse its near future. This research contributes to understanding the current image of the profession in society, and allows an analysis that goes further, helping to establish future directions and the evolution of this collective perception.

Resumo Objetivo Revelar a imagem do profissional de enfermagem no Chile por meio da análise iconográfica de desenhos infantis. Método Estudo qualitativo exploratório, envolvendo a coleta de informações por meio de nove desenhos elaborados por crianças com idades entre 7 e 10 anos, utilizando técnica livre e posteriormente examinados com base no Método Iconográfico proposto por Erwin Panofsky. Resultados A maioria retrata as atividades clínicas do enfermeiro, enfocando predominantemente em sua dimensão técnica. Embora a enfermagem seja comumente associada a uma ocupação majoritariamente feminina, permeada por estereótipos de gênero, alguns participantes conseguiram identificar a presença e a importância do papel masculino nesse campo profissional. Não foram identificados elementos iconográficos que reforçassem estigmas associados aos profissionais de enfermagem, como a visão de serem simples assistentes, ajudantes ou meros auxiliares dos médicos. Conclusões e implicações para a prática Os desenhos infantis são reflexo do imaginário coletivo da sociedade. Ao estudá-los em relação à enfermagem, podemos identificar avanços na profissão e vislumbrar seu futuro próximo. Esta pesquisa contribui para compreender a imagem atual da profissão na sociedade e possibilita uma análise que ajuda a estabelecer direções futuras e a evolução dessa percepção coletiva.

Resumen Objetivo Revelar la imagen de los profesionales de enfermería en Chile a través del análisis de dibujos infantiles. Método Estudio cualitativo exploratorio, que involucra la recolección de información a través de nueve dibujos en técnica libre realizados por niños entre siete y diez años, posteriormente analizados mediante el Método Iconográfico propuesto por Erwin Panofsky. Resultados La mayoría representa las actividades clínicas de las enfermeras, centrándose predominantemente en la dimensión técnica. Aunque la enfermería se asocia comúnmente a una ocupación mayoritariamente femenina, impregnada de estereotipos de género, algunos participantes identificaron la presencia y la importancia del papel masculino en la profesión. No se identificaron elementos iconográficos que reforzaran estigmas asociados a los profesionales de enfermería, como la visión de que son simples asistentes, ayudantes o meros auxiliares médicos. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica Los dibujos son reflejo del imaginario colectivo de la sociedad. Al estudiarlos en relación con la enfermería, podemos identificar avances en la profesión y vislumbrar su futuro próximo. Esta investigación contribuye a comprender la imagen actual de la profesión en la sociedad y permite un análisis que ayuda a establecer las orientaciones futuras y la evolución de esta percepción colectiva.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze nursing skills in military aeromedical transport of the Brazilian Air Force. Method: Descriptive, qualitative research, carried out in three Brazilian Air Force hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, involving 64 military nurses. Discursive textual analysis identified competencies in healthcare, communication and decision-making. Results: After characterizing participants, it was possible to understand the reality experienced by nursing professionals in air medical transport, highlighting the skills related to healthcare, communication and management, essential in all phases of air medical transport. Conclusion: It was evident that nursing assumes unique skills in caring for airborne patients, using diverse knowledge and experiences in solving problems encountered in the aeromedical work process. The need to implement continuing education strategies was also highlighted. The findings serve as support for professionals and managers to identify gaps in knowledge, performance and management of professional schedules in aeromedical transport.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las habilidades de enfermería en el transporte aeromédico militar de la Fuerza Aérea Brasileña. Método: Investigación descriptiva, cualitativa, realizada en tres hospitales de la Fuerza Aérea Brasileña en Río de Janeiro, con la participación de 64 enfermeros militares. El análisis textual discursivo identificó competencias en atención a la salud, comunicación y toma de decisiones. Resultados: Después de caracterizar a los participantes, fue posible comprender la realidad vivida por los profesionales de enfermería en el transporte médico aéreo, destacando las habilidades relacionadas con el cuidado de la salud, la comunicación y la gestión, esenciales en todas las fases del transporte médico aéreo. Conclusión: Se evidenció que la enfermería asume habilidades únicas en el cuidado de los pacientes en el aire, utilizando diversos conocimientos y experiencias en la solución de los problemas encontrados en el proceso de trabajo aeromédico. También se destacó la necesidad de implementar estrategias de educación continua. Los hallazgos sirven de apoyo a profesionales y gestores para identificar lagunas en el conocimiento, desempeño y gestión de horarios profesionales en el transporte aeromédico.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as competências de enfermagem no transporte aeromédico militar da Força Aérea Brasileira. Método: Pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa, realizada em três hospitais da Força Aérea Brasileira no Rio de Janeiro, envolvendo 64 militares de enfermagem. A análise textual discursiva identificou competências em atenção à saúde, comunicação e tomada de decisões. Resultados: Após a caracterização dos participantes, foi possível compreender a realidade vivenciada pelo profissional de enfermagem no transporte aeromédico, destacando as competências relacionadas à atenção à saúde, comunicação e gerenciamento, essenciais em todas as fases do transporte aeromédico. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que a enfermagem assume competências singulares no cuidado aos pacientes aerotransportados, utilizando diversos conhecimentos e experiências na resolução de problemas encontrados no processo de trabalho aeromédico. Ressaltou-se também a necessidade de implementar estratégias de educação permanente. Os achados servem de subsídio para profissionais e gestores identificarem lacunas no conhecimento, na atuação e no gerenciamento das escalas de profissionais no transporte aeromédico.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the practices developed by nurses in primary care in southern Brazil. Method: Qualitative study, with data collection via online interviews, conducted between October 2020 and May 2021, and recorded. 174 nurses from 24 municipalities in southern Brazil participated. Data analysis used inductive thematic analysis. Results: The activity that stood out among nurses was the nurse consultation, for all age groups and health conditions, especially when dealing with chronic disease, prenatal care, attention to women and children, mental health, home visits, and the management of the nursing team and the health unit. Final considerations: This study demonstrated that an excess of responsibilities associated to care and management, added to a lack of balance in the activities common to the team make it difficult for nurses to develop clinical practices.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender las prácticas desarrolladas por las enfermeras en la atención primaria en el sur de Brasil. Método: Estudio cualitativo, con recolección de datos a través de entrevistas en línea, realizadas entre octubre de 2020 y mayo de 2021 y grabadas. Participaron 174 enfermeras de 24 municipios en el sur de Brasil. El análisis de los datos fue temático inductivo. Resultados: La consulta de enfermería se destaca como actividad de los enfermerosen todas las edades y condiciones de salud, especialmente situaciones crónicas, atención prenatal, atención a mujeres y niños, salud mental, visitas domiciliarias y gestión del equipo de enfermería y la unidad de salud. Consideraciones finales: El estudio ha demostrado que el exceso de responsabilidades asistenciales y de gestión y la falta de equilibrio entre las actividades comunes del equipo dificultan a las enfermeras el desarrollo de las prácticas clínicas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender as práticas desenvolvidas pelo enfermeiro na atenção primária, na região Sul do Brasil. Método: Estudo qualitativo, cuja coleta de dados foi com entrevistas online gravadas, entre outubro de 2020 e maio de 2021. Participaram 174 enfermeiros, de 24 municípios da região sul do Brasil. Análise temática indutiva dos dados. Resultados: A consulta do enfermeiro é a atividade que se destaca, para todas as faixas etárias e condições de saúde, especialmente nas situações crônicas, pré-natal, atenção a mulher e a criança, saúde mental, visitas domiciliares, além do gerenciamento da equipe de enfermagem e da unidade de saúde. Considerações finais: Demonstrou-se que o excesso de responsabilidades assistenciais e gerenciais e a falta de equilíbrio entre as atividades comuns à equipe, dificultam o desenvolvimento de práticas clínicas do enfermeiro.

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ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the profile of women who use prescribed psychotropic drugs in a female prison unit. Method: this is a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive cross-sectional study developed with the population of a female penitentiary complex in the state of Minas Gerais. The total population admitted to the institution during the collection period was 363 people deprived of liberty and all were included in the analysis. Data were collected between August and December 2022 from the institutional database and were analyzed according to statistical tests (descriptive statistics and dispersion measures, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-squared test). Results: the sample was composed of young women of African descent, with a low education level, mothers and who did not receive visitors. Approximately 70% (n=250) used some prescribed psychotropic drug. The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were anxiety disorders, followed by mood disorders. Women who used prescribed psychotropic drugs had a higher median length of incarceration. There was a significant association between the use of psychotropic drugs and chronic diseases. Conclusion: the identified profile reaffirms the effects of existing differences regarding gender. Even with the increase in public policies aimed at women, their specificities are often disregarded. Regarding the use of psychotropic drugs, it is suggested that the high rate corresponds to the conditions generated by incarceration.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el perfil de las mujeres consumidoras de psicofármacos prescritos en una unidad penitenciaria femenina. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, de carácter transversal, desarrollado con la población de un complejo penitenciario femenino del estado de Minas Gerais. La población total ingresada en la institución durante el período de recolección fue de 363 personas privadas de libertad y todas fueron incluidas en el análisis. Los datos fueron recolectados entre agosto y diciembre de 2022, de la base de datos institucional y analizados según pruebas estadísticas (estadística descriptiva y medidas de dispersión, prueba de Mann-Whitney y prueba de Chi-cuadrado). Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada por mujeres jóvenes, afrodescendientes, con bajo nivel educativo, madres y que no recibieron visitas. Aproximadamente el 70% (n=250) consumía algún psicofármaco prescrito. Los diagnósticos psiquiátricos más frecuentes fueron los trastornos de ansiedad, seguidos de los trastornos del estado de ánimo. Las mujeres que consumían psicofármacos recetados tenían una mediana de duración de encarcelamiento mayor. Hubo una asociación significativa entre el uso de psicofármacos y enfermedades crónicas. Conclusión: el perfil identificado reafirma los efectos de las diferencias existentes en cuanto al género. Incluso con el aumento de las políticas públicas dirigidas a las mujeres, a menudo se ignoran sus especificidades. En cuanto al uso de psicofármacos, se sugiere que la alta tasa corresponde a las condiciones generadas por el encarcelamiento.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o perfil das mulheres usuárias de psicotrópicos prescritos em uma unidade prisional feminina. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, exploratório e descritivo, de caráter transversal, desenvolvido com a população de um complexo penitenciário feminino do estado de Minas Gerais. A população total admitida na instituição no período de coleta era de 363 privadas de liberdade e todas foram incluídas na análise. Os dados foram coletados entre agosto e dezembro de 2022, a partir do banco de dados institucional e foram analisados de acordo com testes estatísticos (estatística descritiva e medidas de dispersão, teste de Mann-Whitney e teste Qui-quadrado). Resultados: a amostra foi composta por mulheres jovens, afrodescendentes, com baixo nível de escolaridade, mães e que não recebiam visitas. Aproximadamente, 70% (n=250) usavam algum psicotrópico prescrito. Os diagnósticos psiquiátricos mais frequentes foram os transtornos ansiosos, seguidos pelos de humor. As mulheres que utilizavam psicotrópicos prescritos apresentaram uma mediana maior em relação ao tempo de reclusão. Houve associação significativa entre o uso de psicotrópicos e doenças crônicas. Conclusão: O perfil identificado reafirma os efeitos das diferenças existentes no que tange ao assunto gênero. Mesmo com o aumento de políticas públicas destinadas às mulheres, as suas especificidades, muitas vezes, são desconsideradas. Quanto ao uso de psicotrópicos, sugere-se que a alta taxa corresponde às condições geradas pelo encarceramento.

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RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi aprofundar as marcas e aproximações de uma diretora no processo psicoterápico. Trata-se de um estudo de caso psicodramático utilizando o registro documental de sessões de psicoterapia bipessoal de três pacientes atendidas anteriormente pela primeira autora e os relatos da própria autora sobre suas percepções nos atendimentos. Foram apresentadas reflexões que demonstram resultados positivos sobre as aproximações na relação psicoterapêutica mediante o humor, a poesia e a música como formas de conexão entre psicodramatista e cliente.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to deepen the approaches and distances of a director in the psychotherapeutic process. This is a psychodramatic case study that used the documentary record of bipersonal psychotherapy sessions of three patients previously attended by the first author and the author's own reports about her perceptions in the sessions. Reflections were presented that demonstrate positive results regarding the approaches in the therapeutic relationship, using humor, poetry, and music as means of connection between the psychodramatist and the client.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo fue profundizar los acercamientos y distancias de una directora en el proceso psicoterapéutico. Se trata de un estudio de caso psicodramático utilizando el registro documental de sesiones de psicoterapia bipersonal de tres pacientes atendidos previamente por la primera autora y los relatos de la propia autora sobre sus percepciones en las sesiones. Se presentaron reflexiones que demuestran resultados positivos en relación a las aproximaciones en la relación terapéutica, utilizando el humor, la poesía y la música como formas de conexión entre el psicodramatista y el cliente.

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Objective: to describe and explore the relationship of loneliness, anxiety and depression with adoption of the caregiver role among individuals caring for people with chronic diseases in Colombia. Methods: this was an exploratory and cross-sectional study involving 960 primary caregivers of individuals with chronic diseases. We applied the Caregiver Role Adoption Scale, the University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, and the Anxiety and Depression Scale. Principal component and multiple correspondence analyses were performed for clustering. Results: among the participating caregivers, 40.8% reported experiencing depression, 59% reported anxiety, 54.6% reported moderate to severe loneliness, and 88.6% reported satisfactory adoption of the caregiver role. Caregivers who presented basic or insufficient role adoption levels tended to have higher scores for anxiety, depression and loneliness. Conclusion: adoption of the caregiver role is a mediator in the anxiety, depression and loneliness levels among caregivers. Strategies aimed at supporting caregivers should include training for the caregiver role to mitigate the negative impacts of anxiety, depression and loneliness.

Objetivo: describir y explorar la relación de la soledad, la ansiedad y la depresión con la adopción del rol de cuidador entre personas que se ocupan de cuidar pacientes con enfermedades crónicas en Colombia. Métodos: se trató de un estudio exploratorio y transversal con la participación de 960 cuidadores principales de personas con enfermedades crónicas. Aplicamos la Escala de Adopción del Rol de Cuidador, la Escala de Soledad de la Universidad de California de Los Ángeles y la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión. Se realizaron análisis de componentes principales y de correspondencia múltiple para el clustering . Resultados: el 40,8% de los cuidadores que participaron en el estudio informó padecer depresión, el 59% informó ansiedad, el 54,6% indicó soledad de moderada a grave y el 88,6% presentó adopción satisfactoria del rol de cuidador. Los cuidadores que presentaron los niveles básico o insuficiente en términos de adopción del rol tendieron a obtener puntuaciones de ansiedad, depresión y soledad más elevadas. Conclusión: adoptar el rol de cuidador es un mediador de los niveles de ansiedad, depresión y soledad entre los cuidadores. Las estrategias dirigidas a apoyar a los cuidadores deberían incluir preparación para dicho rol a fin de mitigar los efectos negativos de la ansiedad, la depresión y la soledad.

Objetivo: descrever e explorar a relação entre a solidão, a ansiedade e a depressão com a adoção do papel de cuidador entre os indivíduos que cuidam de pessoas com doenças crônicas na Colômbia. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório e transversal que envolveu 960 cuidadores primários de indivíduos com doenças crônicas. Foi aplicada a Escala de Adoção do Papel de Cuidador, a Escala de Solidão da Universidade da Califórnia em Los Angeles e a Escala de Ansiedade e Depressão. Foram realizadas análises de componentes principais e de correspondência múltipla para o agrupamento. Resultados: entre os cuidadores participantes, 40,8% relataram ter depressão, 59% relataram ansiedade, 54,6% relataram solidão moderada a grave e 88,6% relataram uma adoção satisfatória do papel de cuidador. Os cuidadores que apresentaram níveis básicos ou insuficientes de adoção do papel tenderam a ter pontuações mais elevadas de ansiedade, depressão e solidão. Conclusão: a adoção do papel de cuidador é um mediador nos níveis de ansiedade, depressão e solidão entre os cuidadores. As estratégias destinadas a apoiar os cuidadores devem incluir o treinamento para o papel de cuidador, a fim de atenuar os impactos negativos da ansiedade, da depressão e da solidão.

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Considerando as recomendações do modelo de cuidado pautado na atenção psicossocial bem como as diretrizes norteadoras do trabalho do enfermeiro no campo da saúde mental este estudo objetivou analisar a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre os aspectos que definem a qualidade do cuidado e as características que permeiam a proatividade do enfermeiro na saúde mental. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, transversal realizado com 21 enfermeiros assistenciais e gerenciais atuantes na área de saúde mental pertencentes as cinco regiões do país, os quais foram recrutados pela técnica de amostragem denominada snowball sampling. Adotou-se como referencial teórico as proposições epistemológicas de David Hume, filósofo escocês, que considera a experiência cotidiana como requisito para a construção do conhecimento humano. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação do questionário sociodemográfico, de duas escalas relacionadas à avaliação da empatia e do profissionalismo, uma entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante. Os dados da entrevista e observação foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo e para os dados oriundos do questionário e das escalas utilizou-se análises estatísticas. Os participantes predominantemente se formaram em universidade pública e apresentaram alto nível de especialização na saúde mental. Além disso, os que praticavam alguma religião tinham maior número de pós-graduação, tinham filhos e estavam na área assistencial se destacaram no quesito empatia. Os enfermeiros se percebiam com alto nível de profissionalismo e apresentaram uma ampla percepção sobre suas competências no âmbito individual, coletivo e como membro da equipe interprofissional. Sinaliza-se que o presente estudo poderá orientar as ações dos conselhos e associações de enfermagem, proporcionar discussões úteis para o direcionamento do ensino na área de saúde mental além de propiciar o reconhecimento de estudantes e enfermeiros sobre sua atuação singular no cuidado contemplado ações que promovam a saúde mental.

Considering the recommendations of the care model based on psychosocial care as well as the guidelines guiding nurses' work in the field of mental health, this study aims to analyze the nurses' perception of the aspects that define the quality of care and the characteristics that allow the proactivity of the nurse care in mental health. This is a qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out with 21 clinical and managerial nurses working in the area of mental health from five regions of the country, who were recruited using the sampling technique called snowball sampling. The epistemological propositions of David Hume, a Scottish philosopher, were adopted as a theoretical framework, which considers everyday experience as requirements for the construction of human knowledge. Data collection was carried out through the application of a sociodemographic questionnaire, two scales related to the assessment of empathy and professionalism, a semi-structured interview and participant observation. Interview and observation data were analyzed using content analysis and for data from the questionnaire and scales, statistical analysis was used. The participants predominantly graduated from public universities and obtained a high level of specialization in mental health. Furthermore, those who practiced a religion had a higher number of postgraduate degrees, had children and were in the care sector stood out in terms of empathy. The nurses perceived a high level of professionalism and achieved a broad perception of their competencies individually, collectively and as members of the interprofessional team. It should be noted that the present study can guide the actions of nursing councils and associations, provide useful publications for directing teaching in the area of mental health, as well as providing recognition to students and nurses regarding their unique role in the care covered by actions that promote mental health.

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No contexto educacional brasileiro, a promulgação da Lei n. 13.935, de 11 de dezembro de 2019, formalizou a contratação de psicólogos escolares. Esta pesquisa investigou as expectativas de professoras do Ensino Fundamental do sudoeste da Bahia sobre a contratação de profissionais de psicologia escolar para atuar na rede de ensino. Para entender a promulgação da Lei, realizou-se um resgate histórico do campo da psicologia escolar no Brasil. Filiadas à perspectiva psicanalítica e da análise do discurso de Pêcheux, foram realizadas e analisadas cinco entrevistas semiestruturadas, que indicaram duas formações discursivas (FD) antagônicas. Além disso, as FD - nomeadas "detecção e encaminhamento" (FD1) e "professoras trabalhadoras" (FD2) - estão filiadas a uma formação ideológica denominada "médica-higienista-normativa". Os resultados demonstram que as respostas das participantes veiculam a FD1, que reproduz o modelo médico classificatório, mas não impede que na FD2 haja formas de resistência, por meio das denúncias de más condições de trabalho das professoras

In the Brazilian educational context, issuance of Law no. 13935, on December 11, 2019, authorized the hiring of psychologists by public schools. This research investigated primary teachers' expectations regarding psychologist intervention in public schools from Southwest Bahia State. To understand the law's enactment we conducted a historical overview on the role of Educational Psychology in the country. Based on psychoanalysis and Pêcheux's discourse analysis, we conducted and analyzed five semi-structured interviews and identified two opposite discursive formations (DFs). These DFs-named "detection and referral" (DF1) and "working teachers" (DF2)-are affiliated to a "medical-hygienist-normative" ideology. Results show that the participants' statements emphasize the classificatory medical paradigm (DF1), which does not exclude possible resistance in DF2 by denouncing poor working conditions

Dans le contexte éducatif brésilien, la publication de la loi 13935, le 11 décembre 2019, a autorisé l'embouche de psychologues par les écoles publiques. Cette recherche a étudié les attentes des enseignants du primaire concernant l'intervention d'un psychologue dans le réseau d'éducation publique. Pour comprendre cette promulgation, nous avons effectué un survol historique du rôle de la psychologie de l'éducation dans le pays. Basé sur la psychanalyse et de l'analyse du discours de Pêcheux, nous avons mené et analysé cinq entretiens semi-structurés et identifié deux formations discursives (FD) opposées. Ces formations discursives - appelées « détection et orientation ¼ (FD1) et « enseignants en activité ¼ (FD2) - sont affiliées à une idéologie "médicale-hygiéniste-normative ¼. Les résultats montrent que leur réponses mettent l'accent sur le paradigme médical classificatoire (FD1), ce qui n'exclut pas une résistance dans FD2 en dénonçant les mauvaises conditions de travail

En el contexto educativo brasileño, se promulgó la Ley N.º 13.935, de 11 de diciembre de 2019, por la cual autoriza la contratación de psicólogos educativos. Esta investigación buscó identificar las expectativas de las maestras del sudoeste de estado de Bahía (Brasil) sobre la contratación de los profesionales de psicología educativa para trabajar en la red de enseñanza. Para comprender esta promulgación, se realizó un rescate histórico del campo de la psicología escolar en Brasil. A partir de la perspectiva psicoanalítica y de análisis del discurso de Pêcheux, se analizaron cinco entrevistas semiestructuradas que señalaron dos formaciones discursivas (FD) antagónicas. Además, las FD denominadas "detección y derivación de casos" (FD1) y "maestras trabajadoras" (FD2) se vinculan a una formación ideológica denominada "médico-higienista-normativa". Los resultados muestran que las respuestas de las participantes expresan FD1, que reproduce el modelo de clasificación médica; pero no evita formas de resistencia en FD2 mediante denuncias de malas condiciones laborales para los docentes

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O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as motivações e as implicações do cuidado de familiares idosos dependentes realizado por homens. Com base em pesquisa qualitativa realizada entre julho e dezembro de 2018 em seis cidades nas cinco regiões brasileiras, foram entrevistados 11 homens que desempenham a tarefa de cuidadores informais. Eles assumiram essa tarefa em razão de as mulheres estarem exaustas e adoecidas, assim como por reciprocidade afetiva e marital. Os filhos manifestaram desconforto na administração de cuidados pessoais aos pais, enquanto os cônjuges apresentaram dificuldades com atividades domésticas. Os cuidadores solitários estavam cansados, com dores, privação do sono, sintomas depressivos e solidão. O suporte prestado por familiares e cuidadores formais mostrou-se valioso para amenizar o sofrimento dos cuidadores que relutavam em pedir ajuda. Há necessidade de os profissionais de saúde estarem atentos aos prestadores de cuidados informais aos familiares.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender las motivaciones y las implicaciones del cuidado de familiares ancianos dependientes realizado por hombres. A partir de una investigación cualitativa realizada entre julio y diciembre de 2018 en seis ciudades en las cinco regiones brasileñas, se entrevistaron 11 hombres que desempeñan la tarea de cuidadores informales. Los hombres asumieron esta tarea porque las mujeres estaban exhaustas y enfermas y por reciprocidad afectiva y marital. Los hijos manifestaron incomodidad en la administración de cuidados personales a los padres, mientras que los cónyuges presentaron dificultades con actividades domésticas. Los cuidadores solitarios estaban cansados, con dolores, privación de sueño, síntomas depresivos y soledad. El soporte prestado por familiares y cuidadores formales se mostró valioso para disminuir el sufrimiento de los cuidadores que titubeaban en pedir ayuda. Existe la necesidad de que los profesionales de salud estén atentos a los prestadores de cuidados informales a los familiares.(AU)

The objective of study was to understand the motivations and implications of care given by men for dependent elderly family members. Qualitative research happened between July and December 2018 in six cities in the five Brazilian regions, interviewing 11 men who perform tasks as informal caregivers. The men assumed this task because the women's exhaustion and sickness, added to affective and marital reciprocity. Their sons expressed discomfort in taking personal care of their parents, while the spouses had difficulties with domestic activities. Lonely caregivers were tired, in pain, sleep deprived, experiencing depressive symptoms and loneliness. Support provided by family members and formal caregivers proved to be valuable in alleviating the suffering of caregivers who were reluctant to ask for help. Health professionals are called to pay attention to informal care providers for family members.(AU)