RESUMO

ABSTRACT The food pyramid is a pre-established nutritional education tool. The integration between the intestinal microbiome, food groups, and SCFA-producing bacteria, which benefit from the ingestion of these foods, has the potential to further improve and innovate healthy eating. The diet-microbiome interaction needs to be incorporated into nutrition science, and the food pyramid might assist in this interaction and nutritional learning. Against this context, this brief communication proposes through the food pyramid, the interactions between the intestinal microbiota, food groups, and SCFAs-producing bacteria.

RESUMO A pirâmide alimentar é uma ferramenta pré-estabelecida de educação nutricional. A integração entre microbioma intestinal, grupos de alimentos e bactérias produtoras de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (AGCC), que se beneficiam da ingestão de carboidratos fermentáveis, tem o potencial de melhorar e inovar ainda mais a proposta de alimentação saudável. O conceito dieta-microbiota intestinal pode ser incorporado à ciência da nutrição, e a pirâmide alimentar pode auxiliar nessa interação nutricional. Diante desse contexto, esta breve comunicação propõe, por meio da pirâmide alimentar, a ampliação do conhecimento entre a microbiota intestinal, grupos alimentares e bactérias produtoras de AGCC.

HIGHLIGHTS •Integration between food pyramid and gut microbiome. •Negative and positive effects of food on the gut microbiome using the food pyramid. •SCFA-s-producing bacteria and their effects on the gut microbiome.

RESUMO

The association of both cell-surface PRRs (Pattern Recognition Receptors) and intracellular receptor NLRs (Nucleotide-Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat) in engineered plants have the potential to activate strong defenses against a broad range of pathogens. Here, we describe the identification, characterization, and in planta functional analysis of a novel truncated NLR (TNx) gene from the wild species Arachis stenosperma (AsTIR19), with a protein structure lacking the C-terminal LRR (Leucine Rich Repeat) domain involved in pathogen perception. Overexpression of AsTIR19 in tobacco plants led to a significant reduction in infection caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, with a further reduction in pyramid lines containing an expansin-like B gene (AdEXLB8) potentially involved in defense priming. Transcription analysis of tobacco transgenic lines revealed induction of hormone defense pathways (SA; JA-ET) and PRs (Pathogenesis-Related proteins) production. The strong upregulation of the respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RbohD) gene in the pyramid lines suggests its central role in mediating immune responses in plants co-expressing the two transgenes, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production enhanced by AdEXLB8 cues leading to stronger defense response. Here, we demonstrate that the association of potential priming elicitors and truncated NLRs can produce a synergistic effect on fungal resistance, constituting a promising strategy for improved, non-specific resistance to plant pathogens.

RESUMO

As cores por dupla, um dos indicadores do teste de Pfister, são combinações preeestabelecidas de duas cores que, quando usadas em conjunto, sugerem interpretações sobre a dinâmica emocional. Buscamos evidências de validade baseadas nas relações com variáveis externas para o uso das cores por dupla com crianças. Nos protocolos do Pfister de crianças entre seis e 11 anos, as quatro cores por dupla mais frequentes foram Vd↓Vm↑, La↓Vi↓, Vm↑Br↑ e Vm↑Pr↑ Quando comparamos os protocolos de 172 crianças por idade, crianças mais velhas tenderam a apresentar mais cores por dupla do que as mais novas. Além disso, comparamos os resultados do teste de Zulliger dessas crianças conforme a presença ou ausência das cores por dupla mais frequentes. Houve poucas diferenças no desempenho do Zulliger associadas às cores por dupla do teste das pirâmides coloridas (TPC), sendo necessárias mais pesquisas que possibilitem compreender o significado desse indicador.

The colors by pair, one of the indicators of the Pfister test, are pre-established combinations of two colors, which, when used together, suggest interpretations about emotional dynamics. We looked for validity evidence based on relations with other variables for the use of colors by pair with children. In the Pfister protocols of children between six and 11 years, the four most frequent colors by pair were Vd↓Vm↑, La↓Vi↓, Vm↑Br↑ and Vm↑Pr↑. When we compare the protocols of 172 children by age, older children tend to have more colors by pair than the younger children. In addition, we compared the results of the Zulliger test of these children according to the presence or absence of the most frequent colors by pair. There were few differences were found in Zulliger's performance associated with the colors by pair of the color pyramid test (CPT), and more research is needed to understand the meaning of this indicator.

Los colores por par, uno de los indicadores del test Pfister, son combinaciones preestablecidas de dos colo-res que sugieren interpretaciones sobre dinámicas emocionales. Buscamos evidencia de validez basada en relaciones con variables externas para el uso de colores por par con niños. En los protocolos de niños de seis a 11 años, los cuatro colores por par más frecuentes fueron Vd↓Vm↑, La↓Vi↓, Vm↑Br↑ y Vm↑Pr↑. Al comparar los protocolos de 172 niños por edad, los niños mayores tendían a tener más colores por par que los niños más pequeños. Además, comparamos los resultados del test de Zulliger según la presencia o ausencia de los colores por par más frecuentes. Hubo pocas diferencias en el rendimiento de Zulliger asociadas con los colores por par, y se necesita más investigación para comprender el significado de este indicador.

RESUMO

Pedestrian detection (PD) systems capable of locating pedestrians over large distances and locating them faster are needed in Pedestrian Collision Prediction (PCP) systems to increase the decision-making distance. This paper proposes a performance-optimized FPGA implementation of a HOG-SVM-based PD system with support for image pyramids and detection windows of different sizes to locate near and far pedestrians. This work proposes a hardware architecture that can process one pixel per clock cycle by exploring data and temporal parallelism using techniques such as pipeline and spatial division of data between parallel processing units. The proposed architecture for the PD module was validated in FPGA and integrated with the stereo semi-global matching (SGM) module, also prototyped in FPGA. Processing two windows of different dimensions permitted a reduction in miss rate of at least 6% compared to a uniquely sized window detector. The performances achieved by the PD system and the PCP system in HD resolution were 100 and 66.2 frames per second (FPS), respectively. The performance improvement achieved by the PCP system with the addition of our PD module permitted an increase in decision-making distance of 3.3 m compared to a PCP system that processes at 30 FPS.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective The present study aimed to determine traditional and local food consumption and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Cyprus. And also, aimed to improve their adherence to the Mediterranean diet and traditional and local food consumption. From this point, this current study aimed to revise the Cyprus Mediterranean Diet Pyramid, based on the Current Mediterranean Diet Pyramid. Methods The sample size was calculated as a minimum of 386 according to a 95.0% confidence interval, and a 5.0% error. This study was conducted online between November 2020-April 2021 in Cyprus. All volunteers were invited to this study on the national public internet platforms. Participant´s adherence to the Mediterranean diet was determined by the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener. Traditional and local food consumption frequencies were determined by a Food Frequency Questionnaire. A novel Cyprus Mediterranean Diet Pyramid was developed with traditional and local food items for Cyprus. The modification was also aimed to safeguard planet health, to increase traditional food consumption and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Results 1,007 adults (78.0% native islanders/Cypriots) participated voluntarily in the current study. The mean Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener score was 7.55±2.30 points and only 34.4% had high adherence to the Mediterranean diet. According to their responses, there was a need to increase use of olive oil, vegetables, fruits, fish, and red wine consumption and to decrease red meat and dessert consumption. According to responses to the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener and their traditional/local food consumption frequencies an up-to-date Cyprus Mediterranean Diet Pyramid was done hence a national food pyramid for Cyprus. Commonly consumed traditional and local foods were added to the pyramid to facilitate increased adaptation of the Mediterranean diet in the general population. Adequately consumed foods were added to make it more region-specific and rarely consumed foods were added to help to increase consumption. Conclusion This modification is believed to be instrumental to increase Mediterranean diet adaptation, traditional/local food consumption and decrease the impact of nutrition on the planet´s health. And also, this modification can shed light on the development of the other traditional food pyramids.

RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o consumo alimentar tradicional e local, bem como a adesão à dieta mediterrânea no Chipre. Também teve como objetivo melhorar a adesão à dieta mediterrânea e ao consumo de alimentos tradicionais e locais. A partir desse ponto, este trabalho atual teve como objetivo revisar a Pirâmide da Dieta Mediterrânea do Chipre, que é baseada na Pirâmide da Dieta Mediterrânea Atual. Métodos O tamanho da amostra foi calculado com um mínimo de 386 de acordo com intervalo de confiança de 95,0% e erro de 5,0%. Este estudo foi realizado online entre novembro de 2020 e abril de 2021 em Chipre. Todos os voluntários foram convidados para esta análise nas plataformas públicas nacionais de internet. A adesão dos participantes à dieta mediterrânea foi avaliada pelo Medidor de Adesão à Dieta Mediterrânea. As frequências de consumo alimentar tradicional e local foram determinadas pelo Questionário de Frequência Alimentar. Foi desenvolvida uma nova Pirâmide da Dieta Mediterrânica de e para o Chipre, com alimentos tradicionais e locais. A modificação teve também como objetivo salvaguardar a saúde do planeta, aumentar o consumo de alimentos tradicionais e a adesão à dieta mediterrânea. Resultados No total de 1.007 adultos (78,0% naturais da ilha/cipriotas) participaram voluntariamente no estudo. A pontuação média obtida no Medidor de Adesão à Dieta Mediterrânea foi de 7,55±2,30 pontos, com apenas 34,4% aderindo fortemente à dieta mediterrânea. De acordo com as suas respostas, houve necessidade de aumentar a utilização de azeite, vegetais, frutas, peixe e vinho tinto, bem como de diminuir o consumo de carnes vermelhas e sobremesas. Com base nas suas respostas ao Medidor de Adesão à Dieta Mediterrânea e as suas frequências de consumo alimentar tradicional/local, foi feita uma pirâmide da Dieta Mediterrânea do Chipre atualizada, ou seja, uma pirâmide alimentar nacional para o Chipre. Alimentos locais e regionais comumente consumidos foram adicionados à pirâmide para aumentar a adesão à dieta mediterrânea. Alimentos consumidos de acordo com as recomendações foram adicionados para torná-los específico da região, e alimentos pouco consumidos foram adicionados para ajudar a aumentar o consumo. Conclusão Acredita-se que esta modificação seja determinante para aumentar a adaptação da dieta mediterrânea e o consumo de alimentos tradicionais e locais, além de diminuir o impacto da nutrição na saúde do planeta. Ainda, essa modificação pode lançar luz sobre o desenvolvimento das outras pirâmides alimentares tradicionais.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Nowadays, the concept of Industry 4.0 aims to improve factories' competitiveness. Usually, manufacturing production is guided by standards to segment and distribute its processes and implementations. However, industry 4.0 requires innovative proposals for disruptive technologies that engage the entire production process in factories, not just a partial improvement. One of these disruptive technologies is the Digital Twin (DT). This advanced virtual model runs in real-time and can predict, detect, and classify normal and abnormal operating conditions in factory processes. The Automation Pyramid (AP) is a conceptual element that enables the efficient distribution and connection of different actuators in enterprises, from the shop floor to the decision-making levels. When a DT is deployed into a manufacturing system, generally, the DT focuses on the low-level that is named field level, which includes the physical devices such as controllers, sensors, and so on. Thus, the partial automation based on the DT is accomplished, and the information between all manufacturing stages could be decremented. Hence, to achieve a complete improvement of the manufacturing system, all the automation pyramid levels must be included in the DT concept. An artificial intelligent management system could create an interconnection between them that can manage the information. As a result, this paper proposed a complete DT structure covering all automation pyramid stages using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to model each stage of the AP based on the Digital Twin concept. This work proposes a virtual model for each level of the traditional AP and the interactions among them to flow and control information efficiently. Therefore, the proposed model is a valuable tool in improving all levels of an industrial process. In addition, It is presented a case study where the DT concept for modular workstations underpins the development of technologies within the framework of the Automation Pyramid model is implemented into a didactic manufacturing system.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O envelhecimento populacional demanda cuidados específicos a essa etapa do desenvolvimento. Este trabalho objetivou comparar indicadores de vivências afetivas de idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados, a partir do Teste das Pirâmides Coloridas de Pfister (TPC), em relação a dados normativos disponíveis para a faixa etária. Foram individualmente avaliados 50 idosos (G1 = 25 institucionalizados; G2 = 25 não institucionalizados), idade média 73,6 (± 8,3 anos), de ambos os sexos, com escolaridade fundamental e nível econômico médio-inferior, voluntários do interior de São Paulo. Responderam a questionário sociodemográfico, Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e TPC. As escolhas e síndromes cromáticas do TPC de G1 e G2 foram comparadas (teste t de Student, p ≤ 0,05, d de Cohen), não se identificando diferenças estatisticamente significativas. No entanto, em comparação às normas, G1 apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas variáveis: azul, violeta, amarelo, marrom, cinza, Síndromes Estímulo e Incolor, apontando particularidades nas vivências afetivas de idosos associados à institucionalização. (AU)

Population aging requires specific care. This study aimed to describe and compare indicators of affective experiences of institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults, based on the Pfister Colored Pyramids Test (CPT), in relation to normative data available for the age group. A total of 50 older adult volunteers from the state of São Paulo, mean age 73.6 years (± 8.3), of both sexes, with elementary education and of average-lower economic levels, were individually assessed (G1 = 25 institutionalized; G2 = 25 non-institutionalized). They answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the CPT. The choices and chromatic syndromes of CPT of G1 and G2 were compared (Student's t-test, p ≤.05, Cohen's d), with no statistically significant differences being identified. However, when compared to the normative data, G1 presented statistically significant differences in the variables: blue, violet, yellow, brown, gray, Stimulus and Colorless Syndromes. It was possible to highlight particularities in the affective experiences of the older adults associated with institutionalization. (AU)

El envejecimiento de la población exige atención específica en esta etapa del desarrollo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir y comparar indicadores de experiencias afectivas de ancianos institucionalizados y no institucionalizados, basados en Test de las Pirámides de Colores de Pfister (TPC), en relación con los datos normativos disponibles para el grupo de edad. Se evaluaron 50 ancianos (G1=25 institucionalizados; G2=25 no institucionalizados) voluntarios del interior de São Paulo, edad media de 73,6 (± 8,3 años), de ambos sexos, con enseñanza primaria y nivel de ingresos medio-bajo. Respondieron a un cuestionario socio-demográfico, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) y el TPC. Se compararon las elecciones de los colores y síndromes cromáticos del TPC de G1 y G2 (test t de Student, p≤0.05, d de Cohen), sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Sin embargo, en comparación con las normas, G1 mostró diferencias estadísticamente relevangtes en las variables: azul, violeta, amarillo, marrón, gris, Síndromes Estímulo e Incolor. Siendo posible señalar particularidades en las experiencias afectivas de los ancianos asociadas con la institucionalización. (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Verst-Maldaun Language Assessment (VMLA) is a new intraoperative neuropsychological test (NT) within our local culture, e.g., native Portuguese speaking Brazilians. It aims to fill the specific need of an objective and dynamic approach for assessing the language network during awake craniotomies. The test includes object naming (ON) and semantic functions. This paper describes the process of validation, allowing for other centers to create their own language assessment. The validation process included 248 volunteers and the results were associated with age, gender and educational level (EL). The factor with the greatest impact was EL, followed by age. Intraoperative image learning by repetition is unlikely, since it is composed of 388 items and 70 combinations. The test will be available for free use under http://www.vemotests.com/ (beginning in February 2021).

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objectives: Covid-19 is a betacoronavirus that was initially transmitted to humans from an animal host. It enters the cell by binding its protein S with angiotensin-converted enzyme receptors. It is transmitted through direct contact and respiratory drops. The most affected population so far are older adults and people with chronic conditions. The objective of this research is to analyze the possible association between the structure of the population pyramid, the Gross Domestic Product, the type of isolation and screening used to detect Covid-19 in the countries with the highest and lowest mortality from this disease. Design and Methods: Some variables take part in the Covid- 19 mortality worldwide, such as the population structure, expressed in the population pyramid by country, the type of isolation adopted in each nation, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as well as the type of screening that is implemented in the different countries analyzed. Results: After analyzing the mean difference in the countries with a regressive and progressive population pyramid, an association was identified between the regressive population pyramid structure and the higher mortality rate (p<0.001). Conclusions: The countries with a progressive population pyramid are the most benefited by making their population more screened since the mortality rate decreases significantly compared to the countries with less attribution (p<0.036).

RESUMO

The reaction of N-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine with copper chloride dihydrate produced the title neutral complex, [CuCl2(C12H10N2)(H2O)]·H2O. The CuII ion is five-coordinated in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry, in which the two N atoms of the bidentate Schiff base, as well as one chloro and a water mol-ecule, form the irregular base of the pyramidal structure. Meanwhile, the apical chloride ligand inter-acts through a strong hydrogen bond with a water mol-ecule of crystallization. In the crystal, mol-ecules are arranged in pairs, forming a stacking of symmetrical cyclic dimers that inter-act in turn through strong hydrogen bonds between the chloride ligands and both the coordinated and the crystallization water mol-ecules. The mol-ecular and electronic structures of the complex were also studied in detail using EPR (continuous and pulsed), FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy, as well as magnetization measurements. Likewise, Hirshfeld surface analysis was used to investigate the inter-molecular inter-actions in the crystal packing.

RESUMO

Metabolic stress is a primary mechanism of muscle hypertrophy and is associated with microvascular oxygenation and muscle activation. Considering that drop-set (DS) and crescent pyramid (CP) resistance training systems are recommended to modulate these mechanisms related to muscle hypertrophy, we aimed to investigate if these resistance training systems produce a different microvascular oxygenation status and muscle activation from those observed in traditional resistance training (TRAD). Twelve volunteers had their legs randomized in an intra-subject cross-over design in TRAD (3 sets of 10 repetitions at 75% 1-RM), DS (3 sets of ∼50-75% 1-RM) and CP (3 sets of 6-10 repetitions at 75-85% 1-RM). Vastus medialis microvascular oxygenation and muscle activation were respectively assessed by non-invasive near-infrared spectroscopy and surface electromyography techniques during the resistance training sessions in the leg-extension exercise. Total hemoglobin area under the curve (AUC) (TRAD: -1653.5 ± 2866.5; DS: -3069.2 ± 3429.4; CP: -1196.6 ± 2675.3) and tissue oxygen saturation (TRAD: 19283.1 ± 6698.0; DS: 23995.5 ± 15604.9; CP: 16109.1 ± 8553.1) increased without differences between protocols (p>0.05). Greater decreases in oxygenated hemoglobin AUC and hemoglobin differentiated AUC were respectively found for DS (-4036.8 ± 2698.1; -5004.4 ± 2722.9) compared with TRAD (-1951.8 ± 1720.0; -2250.3 ± 1305.7) and CP (-1814.4 ± 2634.3; 2432.2 ± 2891.4) (p<0.03). Higher increases of hemoglobin deoxygenated AUC were found for DS (1426.7 ± 1320.7) compared with TRAD (316.0 ± 1164.9) only (p=0.04). No differences were demonstrated in electromyographic amplitudes between TRAD (69.0 ± 34.4), DS (61.3 ± 26.7) and CP (60.9 ± 38.8) (p>0.05). Despite DS produced lower microvascular oxygenation levels compared with TRAD and CP, all protocols produced similar muscle activation levels.

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction: In rhinoplasty, the nasal dorsum has important relevance regarding the esthetic and functional aspects of the surgery. Its reduction should be performed with maximum accuracy and controlled resection to prevent or minimize potential complications. The septum pyramidal adjustment and repositioning consists of a conservative surgical technique of the nasal dorsum, which does not require the detachment of the upper lateral cartilages of the nasal septum, allowing the remodeling of the nasal dorsum while maintaining esthetic lines and nasal function, potentially reducing frequent complications in more traditional surgeries. Objective: To describe the septum pyramidal adjustment technique in detail, presenting its advantages and disadvantages in relation to the other surgical approaches, as well as to disclose results of this surgical procedure in patients submitted to primary rhinoplasty in a specific hospital. Methods: The medical records of all patients submitted to surgery from 2011 to 2015 through this surgical technique were evaluated by the same team. Of these cases, certain variables were analyzed such as gender, age, indication for reoperation and surgical complications. Results: 153 patients underwent rhinoplasty through septum pyramidal adjustment. Of these, 13 patients experienced an indication for a second surgery and four had some type of postoperative complication. Conclusion: The septum pyramidal adjustment surgical technique is a simple procedure, as it does not require the reconstruction of the nasal dorsum. It has a low number of complications and preserves the anatomical structures.

Resumo Introdução: Na rinoplastia, o dorso nasal tem importante relevância no quadro estético e funcional. A sua redução deve ser realizada com máxima precisão e ressecção controlada a fim de prevenir ou minimizar complicações potenciais. O termo septum pyramidal adjustment and repositioning consiste em uma técnica cirúrgica conservadora do dorso nasal, que não requer a desinserção das cartilagens laterais superiores do septo nasal, que permite remodelar o dorso nasal, manter as linhas estéticas e a função nasal, reduz potencialmente complicações frequentes nas cirurgias mais tradicionais. Objetivo: Descrever em detalhes o septum pyramidal adjustment, expor suas vantagens e desvantagens em relação às outras abordagens cirúrgicas, bem como apresentar resultados desse procedimento cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos à rinoplastia primária em um hospital específico. Método: Foram avaliados os registros médicos de todos os pacientes operados de 2011 a 2015 por essa técnica cirúrgica, pela mesma equipe. Desses casos, foram analisadas algumas variáveis, como: sexo, idade, indicação de reoperação e complicações cirúrgicas. Resultados: Foram submetidos 153 pacientes à rinoplastia por septum pyramidal adjustment. Desses, 13 tiveram segunda indicação cirúrgica e quatro apresentaram alguma complicação pós-operatória. Conclusão: A técnica cirúrgica septum pyramidal adjustment apresenta-se como um procedimento de fácil realização, pois não exige a reconstrução do dorso nasal. Apresenta baixo número de complicações e preserva as estruturas anatômicas.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The mismatch between the turnover rates of predators and prey is one of the oldest explanations for the existence of inverted trophic pyramids. To date, the hypotheses regarding trophic pyramids have all been based on consumptive trophic links between predators and prey, and the relative contribution of non-consumptive effects is still unknown. In this study, we investigated if the inversion of pyramids in bromeliad ecosystems is driven by (i) a rapid colonization of organisms having short cohort interval production (CPI), and (ii) the prevalence of consumptive or non-consumptive effects of top predators. We used a manipulative experiment to investigate the patterns of prey colonization and to partition the net effects of the dominant predator (damselfly larvae) on biomass pyramids into consumptive (uncaged damselfly larvae) and non-consumptive effects (caged damselfly larvae). Consumptive effects of damselflies strengthened the inversion of trophic pyramids. Non-consumptive effects, however, did not affect the shape of biomass pyramids. Instead, the rapid colonization of organisms with predominantly short CPI sustained the large biomass of top predators found in natural bromeliad ecosystems. Prey colonized bromeliads rapidly, but this high production was never visible as standing stock because damselflies reduce prey densities by more than a magnitude through direct consumption. Our study adds to the growing evidence that there are a variety of possible ways that biomass can be trophically structured. Moreover, we suggest that the strength of biomass pyramids inversion may change with the time of ecological succession as prey communities become more equitable.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract The increasing need for psychological instruments characterized by scientific rigor, with their psychometric qualities confirmed, drives the development of studies that seek evidence of validity for psychological tests. The aim of this study was to seek evidence of validity for the Pfister Test by comparing the sexes. The study was carried out with 197 children from the city of Ceará, 46% male and 54% female, using the Pfister Colored Pyramids Test as the main instrument and the Raven Colored Progressive Matrices Test as an instrument to screen the intellectual performance of the participants. After statistical analysis and interpretation of the data, predominance in the choice of blue, green and black colors was observed in the boys, especially regarding darker tones, which may indicate emotion-related control. The girls made more frequent use of the colors violet and red, both in the lightest tones, which culturally refers to femininity and may suggest impulsivity. It was concluded that there are statistically significant differences in color choices between boys and girls, which can be comprehended as a contribution to the evidence of validity studies of the Pfister Test.

Resumo A necessidade, cada vez mais emergente, de instrumentos psicológicos que se caracterizem pelo rigor científico, atestado por meio de suas qualidades psicométricas, impulsiona o desenvolvimento de estudos que busquem evidências de validade de testes psicológicos. Neste estudo objetivou-se buscar por evidências de validade para o Teste de Pfister por meio da comparação entre sexos. O presente estudo foi realizado com 197 crianças da capital cearense, sendo 46% do sexo masculino e 54% do sexo feminino, utilizando o Teste das Pirâmides Coloridas de Pfister, como instrumento principal, e o Teste das Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven, como instrumento de rastreio do desempenho intelectual dos participantes. Após análises estatísticas e interpretação dos dados, verificou-se uma predominância na escolha das cores azul, verde e preto por parte dos meninos, especialmente em tons mais escurecidos, o que pode indicar controle relacionado às emoções, enquanto as meninas fizeram uso mais frequente das cores violeta e vermelho, ambas no tom mais claro, o que se remete culturalmente à feminilidade e pode sugerir impulsividade. Conclui-se que há diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas escolhas das cores entre meninos e meninas, o que pode ser compreendido como uma contribuição aos estudos de evidências de validade do Teste de Pfister.

Resumen La necesidad de instrumentos psicológicos que se caractericen por el rigor científico, atestado a través de sus calidades psicométricas, impulsa el desarrollo de estudios que busquen evidencias de validez de pruebas psicológicas. En este estudio se objetivó buscar evidencias de validez para el Test de Pfister por medio de la comparación entre sexos. Este estudio fue realizado con 197 niños de la capital cearense, siendo 46% del sexo masculino y 54% del sexo femenino, utilizando el Test de Pfister. El Test de las Matrices Progresivas Coloridas de Raven se utilizó como rastreo del desempeño intelectual de los participantes. Se verifico una predominancia en la elección de los colores azul, verde y negro por parte de los niños en tonos más oscurecidos, o que puede indicar control relacionado a las emociones, mientras las niñas optaron más significativamente por los colores violeta y rojo, ambas en el tono más claro, lo que se remite culturalmente a la femineidad y puede sugerir impulsividad. A partir de los resultados, se concluye que hay diferencias significativas en las elecciones de los colores entre niños y niñas, lo que puede ser comprendido como una contribución para estudios de evidencias de validez en el Test de Pfister.

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: In rhinoplasty, the nasal dorsum has important relevance regarding the esthetic and functional aspects of the surgery. Its reduction should be performed with maximum accuracy and controlled resection to prevent or minimize potential complications. The septum pyramidal adjustment and repositioning consists of a conservative surgical technique of the nasal dorsum, which does not require the detachment of the upper lateral cartilages of the nasal septum, allowing the remodeling of the nasal dorsum while maintaining esthetic lines and nasal function, potentially reducing frequent complications in more traditional surgeries. OBJECTIVE: To describe the septum pyramidal adjustment technique in detail, presenting its advantages and disadvantages in relation to the other surgical approaches, as well as to disclose results of this surgical procedure in patients submitted to primary rhinoplasty in a specific hospital. METHODS: The medical records of all patients submitted to surgery from 2011 to 2015 through this surgical technique were evaluated by the same team. Of these cases, certain variables were analyzed such as gender, age, indication for reoperation and surgical complications. RESULTS: 153 patients underwent rhinoplasty through septum pyramidal adjustment. Of these, 13 patients experienced an indication for a second surgery and four had some type of postoperative complication. CONCLUSION: The septum pyramidal adjustment surgical technique is a simple procedure, as it does not require the reconstruction of the nasal dorsum. It has a low number of complications and preserves the anatomical structures.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Researchers have overlooked how poor consumers judge service quality in health care settings in Latin America. This research addresses this void by exploring how vulnerable consumers evaluate quality in a public hospital. The results show that vulnerable consumers evaluate hospitals on service delivery process, physician-patient relationship, and medical service reliability. Vulnerable consumers judge health care quality foremost on a provider's ability to provide them with fairness. The results also show that vulnerable consumers view the quality of their relationship with a physician just as important as reliability. Hospitals that serve vulnerable patients should strive to emphasize fairness and empathy.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The study aims to seek concurrent validity evidence on the use of Pfister Colored Pyramids Test (CPT) in psychological children's evaluation from different developmental levels. 197 children from Fortaleza, Brazil participated, being 54% female, aged 6 to 11 and 6 months (M = 8,56, SD = 1,47). The ANOVA test was used comparing the CPT performance of three age groups (6-7, 8-9, and 10-11 years old). The incidence of variables related to lower emotional or cognitive development and difficulty in elaborating received stimulation (pure carpet, carpet with onset of order, and affective excitation syndrome) were significantly increased in younger children, while older children had an increase, in the associated indicator to the maturation in treatment of emotions and defensive maneuvers (Layer formation), corresponding to the one expected according to theories of development. The study corroborated to other researches that involved validity evidence to use TPC with children.

O estudo objetivou buscar evidências de validade concorrente para uso do Teste das Pirâmides Coloridas de Pfister (TPC) em avaliação psicológica de crianças em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento. Participaram 197 crianças de Fortaleza-CE, sendo 54% do sexo feminino, com idades entre 6 anos e 11 anos e 6 meses (M = 8,56, DP = 1,47). Utilizou-se o teste ANOVA para comparar o desempenho no TPC de três grupos etários (6-7, 8-9 e 10-11 anos). A incidência de variáveis relacionadas a um menor desenvolvimento emocional ou cognitivo e dificuldade para elaborar a estimulação recebida (Tapete puro, Tapete com início de ordem e Síndrome de excitação afetiva) estiveram significativamente aumentadas em crianças mais novas, enquanto crianças com mais idade tiveram aumento no indicador associado ao amadurecimento no trato das emoções e manejos defensivos (Formação em camadas). O estudo corroborou outras pesquisas que envolveram evidências de validade do TPC para uso com crianças.

El estudio objetiva buscar evidencias de validez concurrente del Test de las Pirámides Coloridas de Pfister (TPC) en evaluación psicológica con niños con diferentes fases del desarrollo. Participaron 197 niños de Fortaleza-Brasil, ser 54% niñas con edades entre 6 y 11 años y 6 meses (M = 8,56, DP = 1,47). Test ANOVA fue utilizado para comparar el desempeño de tres grupos de edad (6-7, 8-9, y 10-11 años). La frecuencia de variables relacionadas a menor desarrollo emocional o cognitivo y dificultad de asimilar la estimulación recibida (Alfombra pura, Alfombra con inicio de orden y Síndrome de activación afectiva) fueron mayores en niños más pequeños, mientras que niños mayores tuvieron aumento en lo indicador de desarrollo madurativo en trato con emociones y manejos defensivos (Formación de capas), de acuerdo con las teorías del desarrollo. El estudio corrobora con otros estudios de evidencias de validez para uso del TPC con niños.

Assuntos

RESUMO

As disposições empáticas são essenciais para a assistência qualificada dos idosos. Este estudo buscou verificar se cuidadores formais apresentavam esta habilidade, de acordo com o Teste das Pirâmides Coloridas de Pfister (TPC), e examinar a associação deste instrumento com o Inventário de Empatia (IE). Participaram 10 mulheres, média de idade de 46,3 anos (DP = 9,5), cuidadoras em Instituições de Longa Permanência. Constatou-se a presença de empatia, sensibilidade afetiva com recursos de controle e manejo de ansiedade, e um funcionamento cognitivo e emocional mais maduro. Houve correlação negativa moderada entre o fator Altruísmo e o aspecto formal formação (r = -0,65, p = 0,04), correlação positiva moderada entre o fator Sensibilidade Afetiva e o aspecto formal estrutura (r = 0,63, p = 0,04). A avaliação da empatia com o uso do Pfister trouxe uma compreensão ampliada das características de personalidade das cuidadoras, e sua utilização para este fim foi assegurada

Empathic dispositions are essential to the qualified care of the elderly. This study was aimed at assessing if formal caregivers showed such ability, according to Pfister Colored Pyramid Test (CPT), and at examining the association of such instrument with the Empathy Inventory (EI).The subjects were 10 women with mean age of 46.3 years (SD = 9.5), caregivers in Long-Term Institutions. The presence of empathic skills, affective sensitivity with means for controlling and managing anxiety, and more mature emotional and cognitive functioning were shown. There was moderate negative correlation between Altruism factor and the formal aspect formation (r = - 0,65, p = 0.04), moderate positive correlation between Affective Sensitivity factor and the formal aspect structure (r = 0,63, p = 0.04). The assessment of empathy through Pfister testing has brought larger understanding of the caregivers' personality traits, and its use for that purpose has been ensured

Las disposiciones empáticas son esenciales para la asistencia cualificada de las personas mayores. Este estudio buscó verificar si los cuidadores formales presentaban esta habilidad, de acuerdo con la Prueba de las Pirámides Coloridas de Pfister (TPC), y examinar la asociación de este instrumento con el Inventario de Empatía (IE). Participaron 10 mujeres, promedio de edad de 46,3 años (DP = 9,5), cuidadoras en Instituciones de Larga Permanencia. Se constató la presencia de habilidades empáticas, sensibilidad afectiva con recursos de control y manejo de ansiedad, y un funcionamiento cognitivo y emocional más maduro. Se observó una correlación negativa moderada entre el factor Altruismo y el aspecto formal de la formación (r = -0,65, p = 0,04), correlación positiva moderada entre el factor Sensibilidad Afectiva y el aspecto formal estructural (r = 0,63, p = 0,04). La evaluación de la empatía con el uso del Pfister trajo una comprensión ampliada de las características de personalidad de las cuidadoras, y su utilización para este fin fue asegurada

Assuntos

RESUMO

Classically, biomass partitioning across trophic levels was thought to add up to a pyramidal distribution. Numerous exceptions have, however, been noted including complete pyramidal inversions. Elevated levels of biomass top-heaviness (i.e. high consumer/resource biomass ratios) have been reported from Arctic tundra communities to Brazilian phytotelmata, and in species assemblages as diverse as those dominated by sharks and ants. We highlight two major pathways for creating top-heaviness, via: (1) endogenous channels that enhance energy transfer across trophic boundaries within a community and (2) exogenous pathways that transfer energy into communities from across spatial and temporal boundaries. Consumer-resource models and allometric trophic network models combined with niche models reveal the nature of core mechanisms for promoting top-heaviness. Outputs from these models suggest that top-heavy communities can be stable, but they also reveal sources of instability. Humans are both increasing and decreasing top-heaviness in nature with ecological consequences. Current and future research on the drivers of top-heaviness can help elucidate fundamental mechanisms that shape the architecture of ecological communities and govern energy flux within and between communities. Questions emerging from the study of top-heaviness also usefully draw attention to the incompleteness and inconsistency by which ecologists often establish definitional boundaries for communities.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare acute and sub-acute responses in hormonal profile and metabolic parameters in elderly people who participated in two methods of strength training (ST) with equalized loads. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 12 elder individuals (65 ± 3 years) were randomly assigned to two training methods: constant intensity (CI, 3 sets of 10 repetitions with 75% of 1RM) and variable intensity (VI, 1st set: 12 repetitions at 67% of 1RM > 2nd set: 10 repetitions at 75% of 1RM and 3rd set: 8 repetitions at 80% of 1RM). Both methods included the following exercises: leg press, knee extension, and squat with 1 min rest intervals between sets. Free speed of execution and maximum range of movement were encouraged throughout each set for both protocols. Blood samples were analyzed included glucose, testosterone (T), cortisol (C), T/C rate, growth hormone (GH), and lactate at 2 and 24 h post intervention. RESULTS: There were no observed differences in glucose, testosterone, GH, and lactate concentrations both at 2 and 24 h after the execution of the two training methods. However, significant increases in the levels of T/C rate and decrease on cortisol were observed immediately post exercise for both protocols. CONCLUSIONS: Although no significant differences were observed between the two interventions in relation to the hormonal and metabolic parameters analyzed, both training methods promoted a favorable response, with a slight superiority noted for the CI method relative to the hormonal profile.

Assuntos