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1.
Genet Genom Clinic ; 2(2): 78-93, 31 de agosto de 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1568241

RESUMO

Introducción: Nuestro trabajo aborda una revisión bibliográfica realizada entre enero de 2019 y septiembre de 2023, se resalta la importancia de los genes BRCA1, BRCA2, AR y PTEN en la patogénesis, pronóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de próstata, especialmente en su forma metastásica resistente a la castración (mCRPC). Los genes BRCA1 y BRCA2 se identifican como marcadores clave para prever la agresividad del cáncer, sugiriendo la necesidad de terapias dirigidas y vigilancia estricta. La adaptabilidad de las células cancerosas y la variabilidad en la expresión del receptor de andrógenos (AR) limitan la efectividad de las terapias centradas únicamente en AR, señalando la importancia de identificar vías alternativas y biomarcadores para un tratamiento más efectivo. La función de PTEN se relaciona directamente con la progresión de la enfermedad, y su alteración sugiere posibles enfoques terapéuticos. Sin embargo, la heterogeneidad de las células cancerosas y la complejidad de las vías moleculares presentan desafíos significativos para el desarrollo de terapias universales. Conclusión: Los hallazgos promueven la investigación futura para confirmar la aplicabilidad de estos genes como biomarcadores y desarrollar estrategias de tratamiento personalizadas en el cáncer de próstata. (provisto por Infomedic International)


Introduction: Our work addresses a literature review conducted between January 2019 and September 2023, the importance of BRCA1, BRCA2, AR and PTEN genes in the pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment of prostate cancer, especially in its metastatic castration-resistant form (mCRPC), is highlighted. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are identified as key markers for predicting cancer aggressiveness, suggesting the need for targeted therapies and strict surveillance. The adaptability of cancer cells and variability in androgen receptor (AR) expression limit the effectiveness of therapies focused solely on AR, pointing to the importance of identifying alternative pathways and biomarkers for more effective treatment. PTEN function is directly related to disease progression, and its alteration suggests potential therapeutic approaches. However, the heterogeneity of cancer cells and complexity of molecular pathways present significant challenges to the development of universal therapies. Conclusion: The findings promote future research to confirm the applicability of these genes as biomarkers and to develop personalized treatment strategies in prostate cancer. (provided by Infomedic International)

2.
Cir Cir ; 92(4): 442-450, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39079241

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between heart failure (HF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and smoking with the development of urethral stricture (US) by examining the patients who underwent transurethral prostate resection procedure, with and without the development of US in their follow-ups. METHODS: Among the patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate, 50 patients who developed US during their follow-ups formed group 1, while a total of 50 patients who did not develop US and were selected by lot formed group 2. The relationship between the patients' data on HF, COPD and smoking status and the development of US was investigated. RESULTS: The mean number of cigarettes smoked was statistically significantly high in the group with stricture (p = 0.007). Furthermore, pulmonary function test parameters of patients such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were found to be statistically significantly higher in Group 2 (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.008, respectively). In the logistic regression analysis, being a smoker was found to be the strongest predictor (p = 0.032). CONCLUSION: Our study concluded that smoking, HF, and COPD significantly increase the risk of developing stricture after transurethral resection of the prostate.


OBJETIVO: Evaluar la relación de la insuficiencia cardiaca, la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y el tabaquismo con el desarrollo de estenosis de uretra en pacientes sometidos a resección transuretral de próstata con y sin desarrollo de estenosis de uretra en su seguimiento. MÉTODO: Cincuenta pacientes que desarrollaron estenosis de uretra durante su seguimiento formaron el grupo 1, y 50 pacientes que no desarrollaron estenosis de uretra y fueron seleccionados por lote formaron el grupo 2. Se investigó la relación de los datos de los pacientes sobre insuficiencia cardiaca, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y tabaquismo con el desarrollo de estenosis uretral. RESULTADOS: La media de cigarrillos fumados fue significativamente más alta en el grupo con estenosis (p = 0.007). Además, se encontró que los parámetros de las pruebas de función pulmonar de los pacientes, como FEV1, FVC y FEV1/FVC, eran significativamente más altos en el grupo 2 (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 y p = 0.008, respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: El tabaquismo, la insuficiencia cardiaca y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica aumentan significativamente el riesgo de desarrollar estenosis después de una resección transuretral de próstata.


Assuntos
Insuficiência Cardíaca , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Fumar , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata , Estreitamento Uretral , Humanos , Masculino , Estreitamento Uretral/etiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/complicações , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/etiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/efeitos adversos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
3.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 48(8): 588-595, 2024 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38735436

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Mexico reported 26,742 new cases of prostate cancer in 2020. Different risk factors have been identified in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Among them, genetic factors and alterations or mutations in specific genes have been described in different ethnic groups worldwide. The aim of our study is to report the prevalence of germline DNA-repair gene mutations in Mexican patients with prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We performed germline genetic testing in 50 patients with localized prostate cancer and 50 patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Demographic, clinical, and histopathological data were collected. RESULTS: Thirty-seven germline mutations were identified in 32 patients. The most commonly affected genes were ATM in 6%, followed by FANCA (5%), and ATR (4%). BRCA2 mutations were identified in 3%. The frequency of mutations was higher in the metastatic group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results of our study show different mutations from those reported in different populations or regions. The use of PARP inhibitors is indicated in patients with germline mutations, specifically BRCA2, showing improvement in overall survival and progression free survival. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the prevalence of mutations in DNA-repair genes in Mexican patients with prostate cancer.


Assuntos
Reparo do DNA , Mutação em Linhagem Germinativa , Neoplasias da Próstata , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/genética , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , México/epidemiologia , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reparo do DNA/genética , Prevalência , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais
4.
Cir Cir ; 92(2): 255-263, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38782388

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess and compare the functional and quality of life results in patients treated with curative intent for localized prostate cancer during 2015 in our hospital. METHOD: 77 patients treated by radical prostatectomy or external radiotherapy with androgen deprivation were prospective enrolled. Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical Practice (EPIC-CP) questionnaire at 3-year follow-up and Spanish Questionnaire on Quality of Life in Patients with Prostate Cancer (CAVIPRES-30) at diagnosis and at 3-year follow-up were registered. RESULTS: 68 patients were included, 39 patients treated by radical prostatectomy and 29 received external radiotherapy with androgen deprivation. Among the operated patients, 61.5% were dry and 17.9% use three or more daily pads, compared to 72.4% and 6.8%, respectively, in the radiotherapy group. 48.7% of prostatectomized patients reported very poor or no capacity to have a sufficiently rigid erection, compared to 69% of the radiated group. After surgery, 43.6% considered bad or very bad quality-of-life, compared to 68.9% in the radiotherapy group. In the comparison of the data of the pre- and post-treatment questionnaire can be seen that the patients had a superior perception before the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Patients treated by surgery have a better perception of quality-of-life compared to those treated by radiotherapy.


OBJETIVO: Determinar y comparar los resultados funcionales y de calidad de vida de pacientes con cáncer de próstata tratados con intención curativa durante el año 2015 en nuestro centro. MÉTODO: Se incluyeron 77 pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical (PR) o radioterapia externa con terapia de deprivación androgénica (TDA). Se realizaron el Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical Practice (EPIC-CP) tras 3 años de seguimiento y el Cuestionario Español de Calidad de Vida en Pacientes con Cáncer de Próstata (CAVIPRES-30) al diagnóstico y a los 3 años. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 68 pacientes, 39 con PR y 29 con radioterapia más TDA. De los pacientes intervenidos, el 61.5% están secos y el 17.9% usan tres o más compresas, diarias frente al 72.4% y el 6.8%, respectivamente, en el grupo de radioterapia. El 48.7% de los prostatectomizados refieren erecciones muy malas o ninguna, frente al 69% de los radiados. Tras la cirugía, el 43.6% refieren mala o muy mala calidad de vida, frente al 68.9% de los radiados. En la comparación de los datos del cuestionario pre- y postratamiento, los pacientes tenían una percepción superior antes del procedimiento. CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes tratados mediante cirugía tienen una mejor percepción de su calidad de vida relacionada con la salud que los radiados.


Assuntos
Prostatectomia , Neoplasias da Próstata , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Masculino , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Próstata/psicologia , Idoso , Estudos Prospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antagonistas de Androgênios/uso terapêutico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Seguimentos
5.
Cir Cir ; 92(1): 82-87, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38537231

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Radical prostatectomy is a therapeutic option in organ-confined prostate cancer. As the development of robotic systems progresses, the approach with this technology has begun to impact the functional and oncological outcomes of urological patients. The objective is to report the rate of pentafecta in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) stratified by risk groups. METHOD: Retrospective, observational, descriptive study from 2013 to 2020 that included 112 patients undergoing RARP. RESULTS: A rate of pentafecta at 12 months of follow-up of 35.7% (n = 40) was obtained. In the subanalysis by risk groups, at 1-year follow-up, was obtained an index of 43% (n = 26), 26% (n = 9) and 22% (n = 4) in low-, intermediate-, and high-risk patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Prostatectomy showed functional and oncological results similar to those reported in the literature with robotic approach, regardless of the risk group for prostate cancer.


OBJETIVO: La prostatectomía radical es la alternativa terapéutica de elección en el cáncer de próstata confinado al órgano. Conforme avanza el desarrollo de los sistemas robóticos, el abordaje con esta tecnología ha comenzado a impactar en los desenlaces funcionales y oncológicos de los pacientes urológicos. El objetivo es reportar el índice de pentafecta en pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical asistida por robot (PRRA) estratificados por grupos de riesgo. MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo, de 2013 a 2020, que incluyó 112 pacientes sometidos a PRAR. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo un índice de pentafecta a 12 meses de seguimiento del 35.7% (n = 40). En el subanálisis por grupos de riesgo, al año de seguimiento, se obtuvieron unos índices del 43% (n = 26), el 26% (n = 9) y el 22% (n = 4) en los pacientes de bajo, intermedio y alto riesgo, respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La prostatectomía demostró resultados funcionales y oncológicos similares a lo reportado en la literatura con abordaje robótico independientemente del grupo de riesgo del cáncer de próstata.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Próstata , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos , Robótica , Masculino , Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Prostatectomia/efeitos adversos , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Próstata/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 88(1): 3-10, mar. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550715

RESUMO

Resumen Antecedentes: La resonancia magnética (RM) de próstata es uno de los métodos diagnósticos para la identificación del carcinoma de próstata. La escala PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging and Reporting Data System) es el sistema usado para la interpretación de estas imágenes. Es importante, para su reproducibilidad, la estandarización y la evaluación de dicha escala. Objetivo: Determinar la concordancia inter- e intraobservador de la versión 2.1 del PI-RADS. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo, evaluando 129 RM de pacientes con sospecha de cáncer de próstata por tres radiólogos con diferentes años de experiencia y en dos momentos del tiempo, usando el puntaje PI-RADS 2.1. Se evaluó la concordancia intra- e interobservador. Resultados: La concordancia interobservador fue sustancial (kappa > 0,6) en todos los observadores, siendo la categoría 5 la de mayor acuerdo interobservador. Se observó una alta reproducibilidad intraobservardor, con la mayor kappa siendo de 0,856. Cuando se realizó el análisis según años de experiencia de los radiólogos, la concordancia interobservador fue significativa en todos los casos. Conclusiones: El sistema de clasificación PI-RADS 2.1 es reproducible para las diferentes categorías y aumenta la concordancia cuando se trata de lesiones con mayor probabilidad de cáncer clínicamente significativo.


Abstract Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the prostate is a key diagnostic tool for identifying prostate carcinoma. The Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scale is the standard system for interpreting these images. Standardizing and evaluating this scale is crucial for ensuring consistent and reproducible results. Objective: This study aims to assess both the interobserver and intraobserver agreement of the PI-RADS version 2.1. Material and methods: In this retrospective observational study, 129 prostate MRI scans from patients with suspected prostate cancer were evaluated. Three radiologists, each with different levels of experience, analyzed these scans at two separate times using the PI-RADS 2.1 scoring system. Both intraobserver and interobserver agreements were measured. Results: The study found substantial interobserver agreement (kappa > 0.6) across all categories, with category 5 showing the highest level of agreement. Intraobserver reproducibility was also high, with the highest kappa value reaching 0.856. Further analysis based on the radiologists’ years of experience revealed significant interobserver agreement in all instances. Conclusions: The PI-RADS 2.1 classification system demonstrates high reproducibility across different categories, particularly for lesions more likely to be clinically significant cancers. This underscores its reliability in varied diagnostic scenarios.

7.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 48(3): 210-217, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37827241

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of the risk calculators of the European Randomized Study for Screening of Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) and the Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group (PBCG) in predicting the risk of presenting clinically significant prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospectively, patients who underwent prostate biopsy at Sanatorio Allende Cerro, Ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, were identified from January 2018 to December 2021. The probability of having prostate cancer was calculated with the two calculators separately and then the results were compared to establish which of the two performed better. For this, areas under the curve (AUC) were analyzed. RESULTS: 250 patients were included, 140 (56%) presented prostate cancer, of which 92 (65.71%) had clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥7). The patients who presented cancer were older, had a higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value, and had a smaller prostate size. The AUC to predict the probability of having clinically significant prostate cancer was 0.79 and 0.73 for PBCG-RC and ERSPC-RC respectively (P=0.0084). CONCLUSION: In this cohort of patients, both prostate cancer risk calculators performed well in predicting clinically significant prostate cancer risk, although the PBCG-RC showed better accuracy.


Assuntos
Próstata , Neoplasias da Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Próstata/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Argentina/epidemiologia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Biópsia
8.
Radiol. bras ; Radiol. bras;57: e20240013, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565001

RESUMO

Abstract Objective: To investigate clinical, pathology, and imaging findings associated with inguinal lymph node (LN) metastases in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective single-center study of patients with PCa who underwent imaging and inguinal LN biopsy between 2000 and 2023. We assessed the following aspects on multimodality imaging: inguinal LN morphology; extrainguinal lymphadenopathy; the extent of primary and recurrent tumors; and non-nodal metastases. Imaging, clinical, and pathology features were compared between patients with and without metastatic inguinal LNs. Results: We evaluated 79 patients, of whom 38 (48.1%) had pathology-proven inguinal LN metastasis. Certain imaging aspects— short-axis diameter, prostate-specific membrane antigen uptake on positron-emission tomography, membranous urethra involvement by the tumor, extra-inguinal lymphadenopathy, and distant metastases—were associated with pathology-proven inguinal LN metastases (p < 0.01 for all). Associations with long-axis diameter, fatty hilum, laterality, and uptake of other tracers on positronemission tomography were not significant (p = 0.09-1.00). The patients with metastatic inguinal LNs had higher prostate-specific antigen levels and more commonly had castration-resistant PCa (p < 0.01), whereas age, histological grade, and treatment type were not significant factors (p = 0.07-0.37). None of the patients had inguinal LN metastasis in the absence of locally advanced disease with membranous urethra involvement or distant metastasis. Conclusion: Several imaging, clinical, and pathology features are associated with inguinal LN metastases in patients with PCa. Isolated metastasis to inguinal LNs is extremely rare and unlikely to occur in the absence of high-risk imaging, clinical, or pathology features.


Resumo Objetivo: Investigar achados clinicopatológicos e de imagem associados a metástases linfonodais inguinais em pacientes com câncer de próstata (CaP). Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de uma única instituição de pacientes com CaP submetidos a exames de imagem e biópsia inguinal de linfonodos em 2000-2023. A imagem multimodalidade foi avaliada para morfologia inguinal do linfonodo, linfadenopatia fora da região inguinal, extensão do CaP primário/recorrente e sítios metastáticos não nodais. Características de imagem e clinicopatológicas foram comparadas entre pacientes com e sem linfonodos inguinais metastáticos pela patologia. Resultados: Entre 79 pacientes estudados, 38 (48,1%) apresentaram metástase inguinal de linfonodo comprovada patologicamente. Certos achados de imagem - diâmetro do eixo curto, captação do antígeno de membrana prostático específico na tomografia por emissão de pósitrons, envolvimento da uretra membranosa pelo tumor, linfadenopatia fora da região inguinal e metástases a distância - foram associados com metástases inguinais no linfonodo pela patologia (p < 0,01). Diâmetro de eixo longo, hilo gorduroso, lateralidade, captação em outros traçadores de tomografia por emissão de pósitrons não foram significativos (p = 0,09-1,00). Clinicopatologicamente, os pacientes com linfonodos inguinais metastáticos apresentaram maior antígeno prostático específico e foram mais resistentes à castração (p < 0,01); idade, grau histológico e tipo de tratamento não foram estatisticamente significantes (p = 0,07-0,37). Nenhum paciente apresentou metástase inguinal isolada no linfonodo na ausência de doença localmente avançada com envolvimento da uretra membranosa ou metástase a distância. Conclusão: Várias características de imagem e clinicopatológicas foram associadas a metástases em LNs inguinais em pacientes com CaP. A metástase isolada para os LNs inguinais é extremamente rara e é improvável que ocorra na ausência de características de imagem e clinicopatológicas de alto risco.

9.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);29(9): e14782022, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569076

RESUMO

Resumo O objetivo foi analisar os efeitos de idade, período e coorte de nascimento na evolução temporal da mortalidade por câncer de próstata em homens no estado do Acre, no período de 1990 a 2019. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de tendência temporal, que foi avaliada pelo método de joinpoint, estimando as variações percentuais anuais das taxas de mortalidade. Os efeitos idade-período-coorte de nascimento foram calculados pelo modelo de regressão de Poisson, utilizando as funções estimáveis. A taxa de mortalidade apresentou incremento de 2,20% (IC95%: 1,00-3,33) no período estudado. A mortalidade aumentou com a idade. Foi observado risco relativo (RR) de 0,67 (IC95%: 0,59-0,76) entre 2005 e 2009, de 0,76 (IC95%: 0,67-0,87) a partir de 2005 e de 1,44 (IC95%: 1,25-1,68) a partir de 2015. As coortes de 1910 a 1924 apresentaram redução do risco (RR < 1) quando comparadas à coorte de referência (1935). Quanto ao período, sugere-se que a instituição de políticas públicas e o estabelecimento de diretrizes podem ter auxiliado para maior acesso ao diagnóstico, em consonância com o efeito de coorte. Esses achados contribuem para melhor compreensão do cenário epidemiológico do câncer de próstata em regiões com condições socioeconômicas mais vulneráveis.


Abstract The present study aimed to analyze the effects of age, time period, and birth cohort on the temporal evolution of mortality rates due to prostate cancer in men from the state of Acre, Brazil, in the period of 1990 to 2019. This is an ecological study in which the temporal trend was evaluated by the joinpoint method, estimating the annual percentage variations of the mortality rates. The age-period-birth cohort effects were calculated by using the Poisson Regression method, using estimation functions. The mortality rates showed an increase of 2.20% (95%CI: 1.00-3.33) in the period studied, tended to increase with age. A relative risk (RR) of 0.67 (95%CI: 0.59-0.76) was observed between 2005 and 2009, 0.76 (95%CI: 0.67-0.87) from 2005 on, and 1.44 (95%CI: 1.25-1.68) from 2015 on. The cohorts from 1910 to 1924 presented a risk reduction (RR < 1), when compared to the reference cohort (1935). Regarding the time period, the creation of public policies and the establishment of guidelines are suggested as factors which may have contributed to more access to diagnosis, in consonance with the cohort effect. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological scenario of prostate cancer in regions that are more vulnerable in terms of socioeconomic conditions.

10.
Rev. bras. enferm ; Rev. bras. enferm;77(3): e20230467, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1569672

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the completeness of variables from Hospital-Based Cancer Registries of cases of prostate neoplasm in the Oncology Care Network of a Brazilian state between 2000 and 2020. Methods: an ecological time series study, based on secondary data on prostate cancer Hospital-Based Cancer Registries prostate. Data incompleteness was classified as excellent (<5%), good (between 5%-10%), fair (10%-20%), poor (20%-50%) and very poor (>50%), according to the percentage of lack of information. Results: there were 13,519 cases of prostate cancer in the Hospital-Based Cancer Registries analyzed. The variables "family history of cancer" (p<0.001), "alcoholism" (p<0.001), "smoking" (p<0.001), "TNM staging" (p<0.001) had a decreasing trend, while "clinical start of treatment" (p<0.001), "origin" (p=0.008) and "occupation" (p<0.001) indicated an increasing trend. Conclusions: most Hospital-Based Cancer Registries variables showed excellent completeness, but important variables had high percentages of incompleteness, such as TNM and clinical staging, in addition to alcoholism and smoking.


RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la completitud de las variables del Registro Hospitalario de Cáncer de casos de neoplasias de próstata en la Red de Atención Oncológica de un estado brasileño entre 2000 y 2020. Métodos: estudio de series de tiempo ecológicas, a partir de datos secundarios sobre el cáncer de próstata Registro Hospitalario de Cáncer próstata. La información incompleta se clasificó como excelente (<5%), buena (entre 5%-10%), regular (10%-20%), mala (20%-50%) y muy mala (>50%), según el porcentaje de falta de información. Resultados: hubo 13.519 casos de cáncer de próstata en los Registro Hospitalario de Cáncer analizados. Las variables "antecedentes familiares de cáncer" (p<0,001), "alcoholismo" (p<0,001), "tabaquismo" (p<0,001), "estadificación TNM" (p<0,001) tuvieron una tendencia decreciente, mientras que "inicio clínico" de tratamiento" (p<0,001), "origen" (p=0,008) y "ocupación" (p<0,001) indicaron una tendencia creciente. Conclusiones: la mayoría de las variables Registro Hospitalario de Cáncer mostraron una excelente completitud, pero variables importantes tuvieron altos porcentajes de incompletitud, como el TNM y el estadiaje clínico, además del alcoholismo y el tabaquismo.


RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a completude das variáveis dos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer dos casos de neoplasia prostática da Rede de Atenção Oncológica de um estado brasileiro entre 2000 e 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico de séries temporais, baseados em dados secundários de câncer de próstata dos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer. A incompletude dos dados foi classificada como excelente (<5%), boa (entre 5%-10%), regular (10%-20%), ruim (20%-50%) e muito ruim (>50%), de acordo com o percentual de ausência de informação. Resultados: foram analisados 13.519 casos de câncer próstata. As variáveis "histórico familiar de câncer" (p<0,001), "alcoolismo" (p<0,001), "tabagismo" (p<0,001), "estadiamento TNM" (p<0,001) tiveram tendência de decréscimo, enquanto que "clínica do início do tratamento" (p<0,001), "procedência" (p=0,008) e "ocupação" (p<0,001) indicaram tendência crescente. Conclusões: a maioria das variáveis dos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer apresentou completude excelente, porém importantes variáveis tiveram altos percentuais de incompletude, como estadiamento TNM e clínico, além de alcoolismo e tabagismo.

11.
Bogotá; s.n; 2024. ilus, tab.
Tese em Espanhol | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1562465

RESUMO

Introducción: El cáncer de próstata es el cáncer de mayor prevalencia en hombres. La enfermedad y el tratamiento generan síntomas urinarios, intestinales, sexuales, hormonales y emocionales que repercuten en el rendimiento funcional de los hombres quienes las padecen, el automanejo de los síntomas ha sido considerada desde la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como una estrategia para permitir que los hombres puedan conocer mejor su enfermedad y generar habilidades para manejarla desde un ámbito domiciliario. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de la Intervención Prostactive para el automanejo de síntomas y su repercusión en el rendimiento funcional, en personas con cáncer de próstata en tratamiento que asisten a la Unidad Oncológica de la Clínica Nogales entre 2022 y 2023. Materiales y métodos: Es un diseño experimental paralelo determinado por la conformación aleatoria de dos grupos con un tamaño de muestra de 100 participantes, 50 para el control (GC) que recibirá el cuidado habitual y 50 para el experimental (GI) al cual se implementó la intervención Prostactive que consta de 4 sesiones presenciales en las cuales se le explicará cómo manejar los síntomas que presenta debido al cáncer de próstata y el tratamiento. Posteriormente se realizó el seguimiento telefónico para conocer el estado de salud a la semana 8 después de las sesiones presenciales. Resultados: la Intervención Prostactive mejoró los niveles de autoeficacia en los participantes del GI, el rendimiento funcional (0,0001) además del automanejo de síntomas urinarios con diferencias estadísticamente significativas frente al GC. No se identificaron cambios en los síntomas obstructivos (valor P= 0.6), síntomas sexuales y síntomas hormonales. Conclusión: La Intervención Prostactive mejora el automanejo de síntomas en hombres con CP en tratamiento, además de la autoeficacia y el Rendimiento Funcional. (AU)


Introduction: Prostate cancer is more prevalent in men. The disease and treatment generate urinary, intestinal, sexual, hormonal and emotional symptoms that impact the functional performance of men who suffer from them. Self-management of symptoms has been considered since the World Health Organization (WHO) as a strategy to allow men to better understand their disease and generate skills to manage it from a home environment. Objective: Determine the effectiveness of the Prostactive Intervention for the selfmanagement of symptoms and its impact on functional performance, in people with prostate cancer undergoing treatment who attend the Oncology Unit of the Nogales Clinic between 2022 and 2023. Materials and methods: It is a parallel experimental design determined by the random formation of two groups with a sample size of 100 participants, 50 for the control (CG) who will receive the usual care and 50 for the experimental (GI) to which the Prostactive intervention was implemented, which It consists of 4 face-to-face sessions in which you will be explained how to manage the symptoms you present due to prostate cancer and the treatment. Subsequently, telephone follow-up was carried out to determine the health status at week 8 after the face-to-face sessions. Results: the Prostactive Intervention improved the levels of self-efficacy in the IG participants, functional performance (0.0001) in addition to the self-management of urinary symptoms with statistically significant differences compared to the CG. No changes were identified in obstructive symptoms (P value= 0.6), sexual symptoms, and hormonal symptoms. Conclusion: The Prostactive Intervention improves symptom self-management in men with CP undergoing treatment, in addition to self-efficacy and Functional Performance. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/enfermagem , Ensaio Clínico , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Autogestão
12.
urol. colomb. (Bogotá. En línea) ; 33(2): 82-87, 2024. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | COLNAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1571312

RESUMO

Describir y sintetizar la evidencia existente sobre el impacto en la calidad de vida y el bienestar emocional de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata según la intervención recibida. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura en cuatro bases de datos (Medline, Embase, Bolsa de Valores en Salud [BVS] y PsycNet), incluyendo términos relacionados con cáncer de próstata, calidad de vida y bienestar emocional, y su tratamiento. Incluimos 36 artículos, los cuales señalan un impacto por parte de todas las terapias evaluadas, que, a la vez, puede estar mediado en parte por el curso natural de la enfermedad u otros factores asociados. Se encontró a los síntomas relacionados con la función urinaria y sexual de los pacientes a largo plazo como más prevalentes en el impacto negativo de la calidad de vida. No obstante, algunos estudios mostraron una mejoría en la calidad de vida de los pacientes años después de iniciar el tratamiento, lo cual puede estar relacionado con un proceso adaptativo, y con el fenómeno de response shift. Los diferentes tratamientos para el cáncer de próstata tienen un efecto en la calidad de vida impactando en las actividades de la vida cotidiana, lo cual hace pertinente la valoración y el seguimiento en salud mental periódico y oportuno, con enfoques cognitivos y educativos para tratar los síntomas de salud mental y disminuir su carga de la enfermedad.


To describe and synthesize the existing evidence on the impact on the quality of life and emotional well-being of patients with prostate cancer according to the intervention received. We reviewed the literature in four databases (Medline, Embase, Bolsa de Valores en Salud [BVS], and PsycNet), including terms related to the treatment of prostate cancer, quality of life, and emotional well-being, and prostate cancer. We include 36 articles, which indicate an impact on the part of all the therapies evaluated, which, at the same time, may be mediated in part by the natural course of the disease or other associated factors. Symptoms related to urinary and sexual function of long-term patients were found to be more prevalent in negatively impacting the quality of life. However, some studies showed improved patient quality of life years after starting treatment, which may be related to an adaptive process and the response shift phenomenon. The different treatments for prostate cancer affect the quality of life due to the impact on activities of daily living. It makes periodic and timely assessment and follow-up in mental health pertinent, with cognitive and educational approaches for treating mental health symptoms and decreasing their symptoms burden of disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Qualidade de Vida , Disfunção Erétil , Prostatectomia , Terapêutica , Incontinência Urinária , Radioterapia , Saúde Mental , Bem-Estar Psicológico
13.
urol. colomb. (Bogotá. En línea) ; 33(1): 26-31, 2024. ilus (graf)
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1572785

RESUMO

Objetivo: La prostatectomía radical se asocia con complicaciones como incontinencia urinaria y disfunción eréctil. Múltiples estudios reportan discrepancia entre el tiempo de recuperación de la incontinencia urinaria y disfunción eréctil percibida por el paciente comparado con lo informado en la historia clínica. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es comparar la concordancia que existe entre la recuperación de la continencia urinaria y función eréctil reportados por el paciente y la historia clínica. Métodos: Se recolectó una muestra de hombres con cáncer de próstata llevados a prostatectomía radical. Se interrogó el tiempo de recuperación de continencia urinaria y función eréctil posterior a cirugía. El seguimiento mínimo fue un año. Resultados: Entre 2000-2018 se escogieron 158 pacientes. La recuperación de continencia urinaria reportada por la paciente a los 6 meses fue del 82,3 vs. 86,6% reportada en historia clínica, a los 12 meses de la cirugía el reporte de recuperación de la continencia por la paciente fue del 92,5 vs. 95,4 % en la historia clínica, con una diferencia del 2,9%. La recuperación de función eréctil reportada por el paciente a los 6 meses fue de del 69 vs. 77,8% por historia clínica, a los 12 meses la tasa de recuperación reportada por el paciente fue del 77,8 vs. 65,9% por historia clínica. Conclusiones: Se demostró una baja tasa de discrepancia de continencia urinaria y recuperación de la función eréctil entre lo informado por el paciente y la historia clínica. El tiempo entre la cirugía y la solicitud de recuperación no afecta los resultados.


Objective: Radical prostatectomy is associated with complications like urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Multiple studies report a discrepancy between recovery time of urinary continence and erectile function perceived by the patient compared to report on clinical history. The objective of our study is to compare the concordancy of recovery of urinary continence and erectile function between the patient's report and clinical history. Methods: A sample of men with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy was collected. Recovery time of urinary continence and erectile function after surgery by the patient and clinical history was reported. The time of follow-up was at least one year. Results: Between 2000-2018, 158 patients were collected. The recovery time of urinary continence reported by the patient at 6 months was 82.3 vs. 86.6% reported on clinical history. At 12 months after surgery, the recovery of urinary continence reported by the patient was 92.5 vs. 95.4% on clinical history, with a difference of 2.9%. The recovery of erectile function reported by the patient at 6 months was 69 vs. 77.8% on clinical history, and 12 months after surgery the recovery rate reported by the patient was 77.8 vs. 65.9% on clinical history. Conclusion: A low discrepancy of recovery of urinary continence and erectile function between the report by the patient and clinical history was observed. The time between surgery and the recovery request does not change the results


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Prostatectomia , Tempo , Incontinência Urinária , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Disfunção Erétil , Pacientes , Neoplasias da Próstata , Qualidade de Vida , Prontuários Médicos , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente
14.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535445

RESUMO

Introducción: Los cánceres de cuello uterino y próstata tienen una importante carga de morbilidad en países en desarrollo. La autoeficacia para solicitar el tamizaje es un elemento clave en la prevención. Objetivo: Comparar la percepción de hombres y mujeres sobre autoeficacia para el tamizaje de cáncer cervical y de próstata. Métodos: Estudio mixto con 50 mujeres y 50 hombres. Se indagaron datos sociodemográficos. Se aplicó la escala de autoeficacia de detección del cáncer cervical, con una modificación de esta para medición de cáncer de próstata en hombres. La autoeficacia se clasificó por niveles y las variables asociadas a esta se identificaron con regresión robusta. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 27 individuos (18 hombres y 9 mujeres) con baja y alta autoeficacia, así como a individuos de "otra" religión, para conocer las diferencias en la intención del tamizaje. Se crearon tres categorías de análisis basadas en el modelo de creencias en salud. Resultados: Mujeres y hombres fueron similares, excepto en religión, ocupación y antecedentes de Papanicolaou o examen rectal. La autoeficacia fue mayor entre las mujeres (ß aj.:-15,29 IC del 95 %: -18,36 a -12,21) y los no creyentes (ß aj.: -5,38 IC del 95 %: -10,33 a -0,44). Ellas buscan más el tamizaje que los hombres, quienes necesitan tener síntomas para hacerlo, necesitan tener síntomas. La vergüenza e incomodidad son barreras expresadas por ambos sexos. En los hombres, el machismo es una fuerte barrera para solicitar el tamizaje. La religión asocia el sexo con impureza, siendo una barrera entre las mujeres. Los servicios de atención de la salud solo se centran en el cribado femenino. Conclusiones: Los roles de género y elementos de religión son expresiones culturales que determinan la intención de detección del cáncer en hombres y mujeres. Las intervenciones de los servicios de salud deben considerar estos elementos para mejorar la cobertura de detección temprana y reducir la morbimortalidad de estos dos tipos de cáncer.


Introduction: Cervical and prostate cancers have a significant burden of disease in developing countries. Self-efficacy to request screening is a key element in prevention. Objective: To compare the perception of men and women on self-efficacy for cervical and prostate cancer screening. Methods: Mixed study with 50 women and 50 men. Sociodemographic data was investigated. The cervical cancer detection self-efficacy scale was applied, with a modification for measuring prostate cancer in men. Self-efficacy was classified by levels and the variables associated with it were identified with robust regression. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 individuals (18 men and 9 women) with low and high self-efficacy and of "other religion" to know the differences in the intention of the screening. Three categories of analysis were created based on the health belief model. Results: Women and men were similar except for religion, occupation, and history of Pap smear or rectal exam. Self-efficacy was higher among women (Adj. ß: -15.29, 95% CI: -18.36 to -12.21) and non-believers (Adj. ß: -5.38, 95% CI: -10.33 to -0.44). They seek screening more than men because they need to have symptoms. Shame and discomfort are barriers expressed by both genders. In men, machismo is a strong barrier to request screening. Religion associates sex with impurity, thus, acts as a barrier among women. Health care services only focus on female screening. Conclusions: gender roles and elements of religion are cultural expressions, which determine the intention of cancer detection in men and women. Health services interventions should consider these elements to improve the coverage of early detection and reduce the morbidity and mortality of these two types of cancer.


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias da Próstata , Neoplasias Uterinas , Programas de Rastreamento , Serviços de Saúde , Colômbia , Autoeficácia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde
15.
Rev. cuba. med ; 62(4)dic. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550904

RESUMO

Introducción: El examen físico mediante el tacto rectal es una manera de encontrar temprano el cáncer de próstata. Aunque este resulta de suma importancia en las pesquisas, tiene poca aceptación debido a los tabúes arraigados en la sociedad. Por tanto, es necesario educar a la población masculina. Objetivo: Elevar el nivel de conocimientos sobre el examen y autoexamen de próstata en pacientes mayores de 45 años. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de intervención educativa en un universo constituido por 62 pacientes mayores de 45 años pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente Área Este, de la ciudad de Camagüey. La muestra quedó conformada por 55 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de selección del estudio. Se analizaron las variables grupo de edades, nivel educacional; así como los conocimientos sobre las características generales del cáncer de próstata, prevención y control de los factores de riesgo, examen y autoexamen de próstata, antes y después de aplicada la intervención educativa. Resultados: En la muestra analizada predominaron los pacientes de entre 45-49 años (30,9 por ciento) y el nivel educacional técnico medio (43,6 por ciento), mientras se logró elevar el conocimiento en relación a las características generales del cáncer de próstata (40,0/94,6 por ciento), prevención y control de los factores de riesgo (20,0/92,7 por ciento), y de 7,3/87,3 por ciento en lo concerniente al examen y autoexamen de próstata. Conclusiones: Se alcanzaron valores estadísticamente significativos, de manera que se logró elevar el nivel de conocimientos en la muestra estudiada(AU)


Introduction: Examination by digital rectal examination is a way to early find prostate cancer. Although this examination is utmost important in the investigations, it has little acceptance due to the taboos rooted in society. In this sense, it is necessary to educate the male population. Objective: To raise the level of knowledge about prostate examination and self-examination in patients older than 45 years of age. Methods: A quasi-experimental study of educational intervention was carried out in a universe consisting of 62 patients older than 45 years of age from Área Este Teaching Polyclinic, in the city of Camagüey. The sample was made up of 55 patients who met the study selection criteria. The variables were analyzed age group, educational level; as well as knowledge about the general characteristics of prostate cancer, prevention and control of risk factors, prostate examination and self-examination before and after the educational intervention is applied. Results: In the studied sample, patients between 45-49 years of age (30.9percent) and the average technical educational level (43.6percent) predominated, while knowledge was raised in relation to the general characteristics of prostate cancer (40.0/94.6percent), prevention and control of risk factors (20.0/92.7percent), and 7.3/87.3percent regarding prostate examination and self-examination. Conclusions: Statistically significant values were reached, so that the level of knowledge was raised in the sample studied(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Fatores de Risco , Exame Retal Digital/métodos
16.
Cir Cir ; 91(6): 757-761, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38096863

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in men increase with aging. Risks related to anesthesia and surgery have led a search for alternative treatments. Bipolar radiofrequency (RF) thermotherapy is one of the methods adopted in patients with high surgical risks. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of bipolar RF thermotherapy and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) methods on voiding symptoms and on post-operative complication rates especially in patients carrying high surgical risks. METHODS: Pre-operative, post-operative 1st and 6th month International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Qmax, quality of life, prostate volumes, and postoperative complications of the patients underwent TURP and RF for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were compared. RESULTS: In the RF group, the pre-operative median IPSS was 30, prostate volume 41.5 cc, post-void residual (PVR) 80 ml, and Qmax is 5.85 ml/s.; In the TURP group, these were 29, 40 cc, 85 ml, and 5.3 ml/sec, respectively. In the Bipolar RF group, post-operative 1st- and 6th-month median values were IPSS 18, 21; prostate volume 40, 40; PVR 40, 35; Qmax 10.9, 9.15 and in the TURP group IPSS 9, 8; prostate volume 20, 20; PVR 30, 10; Qmax 17.25, 19.1, respectively. CONCLUSION: Bipolar RF thermotherapy is an applicable treatment method for BPH patients with high surgical risks.


OBJETIVOS: La termoterapia bipolar por radiofrecuencia es uno de los métodos adoptados en pacientes con alto riesgo quirúrgico. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar el efecto de la termoterapia de radiofrecuencia bipolar y los métodos de RTUP en los síntomas de vaciado y en las tasas de complicaciones posoperatorias, especialmente en pacientes con alto riesgo quirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Se compararon el IPSS, el Qmax, la calidad de vida, los volúmenes de próstata y las complicaciones posoperatorias de los pacientes sometidos a RTUP y RF para la HBP preoperatorios, posoperatorios al primer y sexto mes. RESULTADOS: En el grupo de RF, la mediana preoperatoria del IPSS fue de 30, el volumen prostático de 41.5 cc, el PVR de 80 ml y el Qmax de 5.85 ml/seg.; En el grupo RTUP estos fueron 29, 40 cc, 85 ml y 5.3 ml/seg, respectivamente. En el grupo de RF bipolar, los valores medianos postoperatorios del primer y sexto mes fueron IPSS 18, 21; volumen de próstata 40, 40; PVR 40, 35; Qmax 10.9, 9.15 y en el grupo TURP IPSS 9, 8; volumen de próstata 20, 20; PVR 30, 10; Qmax 17.25, 19.1, respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: La termoterapia de RF bipolar es un método de tratamiento aplicable para pacientes con HPB con alto riesgo quirúrgico.


Assuntos
Hipertermia Induzida , Hiperplasia Prostática , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/efeitos adversos , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/métodos , Próstata/cirurgia , Próstata/patologia , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirurgia , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Qualidade de Vida , Hiperplasia/complicações , Hiperplasia/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Hipertermia Induzida/métodos
17.
Medisan ; 27(5)oct. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1529005

RESUMO

El adenocarcinoma de próstata es considerado una de las neoplasias más frecuentes en hombres mayores de 60 años, y su metástasis ósea constituye una de las complicaciones de peor pronóstico. Objetivo: Estimar los factores pronósticos de metástasis ósea en pacientes con cáncer de próstata. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico de 73 pacientes con cáncer de próstata, asistidos en el Hospital Oncológico Conrado Benítez de Santiago de Cuba en el período 2018-2022. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad, color de la piel, manifestaciones clínicas, tiempo de aparición de la metástasis ósea, grado de diferenciación celular, nivel de antígeno prostático específico y diagnóstico imagenológico. Resultados: En la serie predominó el grupo etario de 60-69 años (50,7 %) y el promedio de edad fue de 67 años; asimismo, prevalecieron los pacientes de piel negra, el dolor óseo como síntoma más frecuente y el diagnóstico imagenológico de metástasis ósea por tomografía axial computarizada (48,0 %). Se observó un aumento proporcional de los valores del antígeno prostático específico y de la puntuación de Gleason en relación con la aparición de metástasis. Conclusiones: Los factores pronósticos que permiten estimar la presencia de metástasis ósea en pacientes con cáncer de próstata son la edad avanzada, el color negro de la piel y los valores de antígeno prostático específico por encima de 20 ng/mL.


Prostate adenocarcinoma is considered one of the most frequent neoplasms in men over 60 years, and bone metastasis constitutes one of the complications with the worst prognosis. Objective: Estimate the predictive factors for bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Methods: An analytic study of 73 patients with prostate cancer was carried out. They were assisted at Conrado Benítez Cancer Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during 2018-2022. The variables analyzed included: age, skin color, clinical manifestations, onset time of bone metastasis, degree of cellular differentiation, prostate-specific antigen level and imaging diagnosis. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the 60-69 age group (50.7%) and the average age was 67 years; also, dark skinned patients, bone pain as more frequent symptom and imaging diagnosis of bone metastasis by computerized axial tomography prevailed (48.0%). A proportional increase of prostate-specific antigen values and Gleason punctuation was observed in relation to the metastasis onset. Conclusions: The predictive factors for estimating the presence of bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer are the advanced age, black skin color and prostate-specific antigen values above 20 ng/mL.


Assuntos
Metástase Neoplásica
18.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 25(2): [6], ago. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514159

RESUMO

Fundamento: El cáncer primario de uretra se define como el tumor cuya primera lesión se localiza en la uretra; es infrecuente, el mismo representa menos del 1 % de los tumores malignos y el 5 % de los tumores malignos del sistema urinario. La extensión de este proceso a la glándula prostática genera sintomatología urinaria obstructiva e irritativa y cuadros agudos como la hematuria macroscópica. Objetivo: Presentar el caso de un paciente con cáncer primario de uretra en su variedad urotelial con hematuria macroscópica como forma clínica de presentación. Presentación del caso: Caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 75 años de edad, con hematuria macroscópica como forma clínica de presentación de cáncer primario de uretra en su variedad urotelial, el cual se diagnosticó anatomopatológicamente durante el estudio de la hematuria. Conclusiones: El caso que se presenta permite alertar a la comunidad científica que en pacientes que presentan hematuria macroscópica, sin manifestaciones urológicas obstructivas ni irritativas, también debe tenerse en cuenta el diagnóstico de cáncer uretral primario, aunque sea un signo infrecuente como forma clínica de presentación de esa enfermedad.


Background: Primary urethral cancer is defined as a tumor whose first lesion is located in the urethra; is very uncommon, represents less than 1% of malignant tumors and 5% of malignant tumors of the urinary system. The extension of this process to the prostate gland creates obstructive and irritative urinary symptoms and acute conditions such as macroscopic hematuria. Objective: To present the case of a patient with primary urethral carcinoma in its urothelial variety with macroscopic hematuria as clinical presentation. Case presentation: Clinical case of a 75-year-old male patient, with macroscopic hematuria as a clinical presentation of primary cancer of the urethra in its urothelial variety, diagnosed anatomopathologically during the hematuria study. Conclusions: The case presented alerts the scientific community that the diagnosis of primary urethral cancer should be considered in patients with macroscopic hematuria in the absence of obstructive or irritative urologic manifestations, although it is a rare sign as clinical presentation of this disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Uretrais , Neoplasias Urológicas , Hematúria
19.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1451121

RESUMO

Evaluar las concentraciones en suero de antígeno prostático especifico (PSA) en perros normales y con trastornos prostáticos. Método: Descriptivo observacional. Resultados: La concentración en suero de antígeno prostático especifico PSA libre y total conformado por cuarenta perros en estudio, se puede evidenciar que los perros sanos tienen una concentración máxima de 0.98 ng/ml, un mínimo de 0.03 ng/ml, con una media general de 0.36 ng/ml de PSA total, en cambio la concentración PSA libre de los animales sanos analizados nos determina un rango de concentración que va de 0.1 ng/ml a 0.82 ng/ml en sangre con una media total de 0.39 ng/ml. Conclusión: No se obtuvo un incremento de la concentración en suero de antígeno prostático libre y total debido a la baja especificidad de la prueba en sangre de acuerdo con los resultados señalados.


To evaluate serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in normal and prostate disordered dogs. Methods: Descriptive observational. Results: Serum concentrations of free and total PSA in forty dogs under study showed that healthy dogs had a maximum concentration of 0.98 ng/ml, a minimum of 0.03 ng/ml, with an overall mean of 0.98 ng/ml. 03 ng/ml, with an overall mean of 0.36 ng/ml of total PSA, while the free PSA concentration of the healthy animals analysed determined a concentration range from 0.1 ng/ml to 0.82 ng/ml in blood with a total mean of 0.39 ng/ml. Conclusion: No increase in serum concentration of free and total prostate antigen was obtained due to the low specificity of the blood test according to the results reported.

20.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 43(3)jul. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536353

RESUMO

La tamsulosina y dutasterida son medicamentos ampliamente usados como tratamiento de la hipertrofia benigna de próstata. teniendo un buen perfil de seguridad. Existen escasos reportes de injuria hepática asociado al uso de tamsulosina; sin embargo, no hay reportes de toxicidad hepática por el uso de dutasterida y del uso combinado de tamsulosina/dutasterida. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 64 años quien desarrolla injuria hepática tras el uso combinado de tamsulosina/dutasterida, desarrollando un patrón de daño hepatocelular y clínica de hepatitis aguda. Se realizo descarte de patología hepática viral, autoinmune y enfermedades metabólicas de depósito, así como de patología biliar mediante ecografía abdominal y colangioresonancia. En la evaluación de causalidad, presentó CIOMS-RUCAM: 6 puntos (probable) y Naranjo: 4 puntos (posible). El paciente presentó respuesta clínica y laboratorial luego de suspender el medicamento.


Tamsulosin and dutasteride are drugs widely used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy. having a good safety profile. There are few reports of liver injury associated with the use of tamsulosin; however, there are no reports of hepatic toxicity from the use of dutasteride and the combined use of tamsulosin/dutasteride. We present the case of a 64-year-old man who developed liver injury after the combined use of tamsulosin/dutasteride, developing a pattern of hepatocellular damage and acute hepatitis symptoms. Viral, autoimmune, and metabolic storage diseases of the liver were ruled out, as well as biliary pathology by means of abdominal ultrasound and resonance cholangiography. In the causality evaluation, CIOMS-RUCAM presented: 6 points (probable) and Naranjo: 4 points (possible). The patient presented a clinical and laboratory response after discontinuing the drug.

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