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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Seborrheic dermatitis is a common papulosquamous skin disease with unknown pathogenesis. The aim of our study was to determine the serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in patients with seborrheic dermatitis SD. METHODS: A total of 53 patients and 60 healthy controls were included in the study. Serum vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and parathormone levels were measured in the patient and control groups, and a comparison was made between the two groups regarding these parameters. RESULTS: Severe vitamin D deficiency was more frequent among patients with seborrheic dermatitisSD compared to controls (52.8 vs. 25.8%, p=0.003). In patients with severe vitamin D deficiency, seborrheic dermatitis SD was detected more frequently at an early age (p=0048) and in women (p=0.015). No correlation was found between the seborrheic dermatitis skin involvement site and vitamin D level. CONCLUSION: The fact that vitamin D levels decreased in patients with seborrheic dermatitis SD and patients with severe vitamin D deficiency develop seborrheic dermatitis SD earlier suggests that the low levels of vitamin D are related to seborrheic dermatitis.
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BACKGROUND: The estimation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by 2D echocardiography (2D-ECHO) is the most used tool to assess LV systolic function (LVSF). Global longitudinal strain (GLS) has recently been suggested as a superior method for several evaluations. This study explored the association and prevalence of LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD) by using these methods in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and severe hyperparathyroidism (SHPTH); both associated with cardiovascular events (CEs). AIM: To evaluate the myocardial function in patients with ESRD and SHPTH by using the GLS and LVEF measured through conventional 2D-ECHO. METHODS: In 62 patients with ESRD and SHPTH, asymptomatic, and without a history of CEs, LVSF was evaluated by 2D-ECHO, obtaining the EF, by the Simpson biplane method, and GLS by speckle tracking. RESULTS: The total patients with ESRD had a preserved LVEF (> 50%) but abnormal GLS (< 13.55%). Additionally, multivariate analysis showed an independent association of GLS and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), LV mass index, and hemoglobin. Also, PTH was independently associated with lateral e' wave and tricuspid regurgitation velocity. CONCLUSION: In patients with SHPTH linked to ESRD, the use of GLS by 2D-ECHO is a more sensitive tool than LVEF for detecting LVSD.
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BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) treatment affects functioning, physical activity level, clinical biomarkers, and body composition. However, the association between these variables with functioning, considering International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between physical activity, biomarkers, and body composition with functioning in HD patients in reference to the ICF. METHODS: Eighty HD patients performed different tests grouped according to ICF domain: Body structure and function - handgrip strength (HS), 5-repetition sit-to-stand test, and 60-s sit-to-stand test (5-STS, 60-STS, respectively); Activity - short physical performance battery (SPPB); and Participation - participation scale questionnaire. Physical activity [Human Activity Profile questionnaire (HAP)], body composition (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), Parathormone (PTH), and alkaline phosphatase were analyzed as possible variables associated with ICF domains. Data analyses were performed using simple and multiple regression models adjusted for age, duration of HD, and diuresis volume. RESULTS: In the body structure and function domain, appendicular lean mass, PTH level, and age were associated with HS (R2 = 0.558); HAP and PTH were associated with 5-STS (R2 = 0.263); and HAP, PTH, duration of HD, and age were associated with 60-STS (R2 = 0.337). In the activity domain, HAP, PTH, alkaline phosphatase, duration of HD, age, and body fat were associated with SPPB (R2 = 0.689). Finally, only HAP was associated with the participation scale (R2 = 0.067). CONCLUSION: Physical activity and PTH levels are determinant protagonists of functioning in all ICF domains in hemodialysis patients.
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Força da Mão , Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde , Absorciometria de Fóton , Fosfatase Alcalina , Humanos , Hormônio Paratireóideo , Diálise RenalRESUMO
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of parathormone (PTH) administered directly to the implant's surface prior to insertion, using a large translational animal model. Sixty titanium implants were divided into four groups: (i) Collagen, control group, where implants were coated with Type-I Bovine-collagen, and three experimental groups, where implants received varying doses of PTH: (ii) 12.5, (iii) 25, and (iv) 50 µg, prior to placement. Fifteen female sheep (~2 years old, weighing ~65 kg) received four implants in an interpolated fashion in C3, C4 or C5 vertebral bodies. After 3-, 6- and 12-weeks, samples were harvested, histologically processed, qualitatively and quantitatively assessed for bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). BIC yielded lower values at 6-weeks for 50 µg relative to the control group, with no significant differences, when compared to the 12.5- and 25-µg. No significant differences were detected at 6-weeks between collagen, 12.5- and 25-µg groups. At 3- and 12-weeks, no differences were detected for BIC among PTH groups. With respect to BAFO, no significant differences were observed between the control and experimental groups independent of PTH concentration and time in vivo. Qualitative observations at 3-weeks indicated the presence of a more mature bone near the implant's surface with the application of PTH, however, no significant differences in new bone formation or healing patterns were observed at 6- and 12-weeks. Single local application of different concentrations of PTH on titanium implant's surface did not influence the osseointegration at any time-point evaluation in low-density bone.
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Implantes Dentários , Osseointegração , Animais , Osso e Ossos , Bovinos , Feminino , Hormônio Paratireóideo/farmacologia , Próteses e Implantes , Ovinos , Propriedades de Superfície , Titânio/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar la utilidad del gasto urinario alto como predictor temprano de bajo costo para hipoparatiroidismo posoperatorio. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo unicéntrico a 1 año en adultos sometidos a tiroidectomía total en The American British Cowdray Medical Center I.A.P., calculando el gasto urinario en 24 horas, utilizando valores de calcio sérico corregido por albúmina con una tabla de correlación e identificando a los pacientes que recibieron calcio suplementario en las primeras horas de posoperatorio. Se dividieron en pacientes con hipoparatiroidismo posoperatorio y con valores normales de calcio en el primer día, diferenciando a los que recibieron suplementación oral de calcio profiláctico. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 47 pacientes, 19 (40%) en el grupo con hipocalcemia posoperatoria y 28 (59.5%) en el grupo sin hipocalcemia posoperatoria. La media de gasto urinario en las primeras 8 horas de posoperatorio fue mayor en el grupo de hipocalcemia posoperatoria en comparación con el grupo sin hipocalcemia, sin diferencia significativa (p = 0.392), y tampoco durante las primeras 16 horas (p = 0.435). CONCLUSIONES: En nuestro estudio no existe relación entre el incremento del gasto urinario y la predicción de hipoparatiroidismo posoperatorio. Se necesitan estudios con muestras de mayor tamaño y con un diseño metodológico más fuerte (prospectivo) para determinar si en realidad la diferencia obtenida puede figurar como predictor. OBJECTIVE: to determine the usefulness of high urine output as a low-cost early predictor for postoperative hypoparathyroidism.. METHOD: A study was conducted inside The American British Cowdray Medical Center I.A.P. for a year in adult patients who underwent total thyroidectomy divided in two groups: those with post-surgical hypocalcemia and without post-surgical hypocalcemia using the 24-hour calcium levels. Urinary output of each patient was verified searching for the relation between this measurement and the probability of developing post-surgical hypoparathyroidism. RESULTS: A total of 47 patients were studied, of whom 19 (40%) were classified with post-surgical hypocalcemia and 28 (59.5%) with no post-surgical hypocalcemia. The urinary output mean on the first 8 hours post-operatory was higher in the post-surgical hypocalcemia group in comparison with the group with no evidence of hypocalcemia, showing no significant difference (p = 0.392). Urinary output 16 hours post-surgical was no significant either (p = 0.435). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, there was no relation found between the increase of the urinary output and the post-surgical hypoparathyroidism prediction. Further studies with a bigger sample and a stronger methodologic design (prospective) are needed to determine if the difference obtained may be useful as a predictor.
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Hipoparatireoidismo , Adulto , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the association between calcium and phosphorus parameters with serum parathormone concentrations in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis. It is descriptive quantitative cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of 50 individuals distributed in: group with up to 5 years of hemodialysis and group with more than 5 years of hemodialysis. Food consumption was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall. Descriptive analysis of quantitative variables was presented as mean and standard deviation. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS program; Student "T" test, Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-square test were used, with significance level p <0.05. The groups presented adequate serum calcium concentrations and high concentrations of phosphorus and parathormone. Patients with more than 5 years of hemodialysis had a statistically higher serum parathormone level (p= 0.034); there was an association between longer hemodialysis time and higher serum phosphorus concentrations (p= 0.039). There was a moderate positive correlation between serum parathormone and phosphorus in the group with up to 5 years of hemodialysis (p= 0.012). It was concluded that the progression of CKD increases serum phosphorus and parathormone concentrations, reflecting the pathophysiological events and altered metabolic demand inherent to the pathology.
RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar la asociación de los parámetros de calcio y fósforo con las concentraciones séricas de parathormona en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en hemodiálisis. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo y transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 50 individuos distribuidos en: grupo con hasta 5 años en hemodiálisis y grupo con más de 5 años en hemodiálisis. El consumo de alimentos se evaluó mediante el recordatorio de 24 horas. El análisis descriptivo de las variables cuantitativas se presentó como media y desviación estándar de la media. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el programa SPSS; Se utilizó la prueba "T" de Student, la prueba exacta de Fisher y la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson, con un nivel de significancia de p <0.05. Los grupos mostraron concentraciones adecuadas de calcio sérico y altas concentraciones de fósforo y parathormona. Los pacientes con más de 5 años de hemodiálisis tenían un nivel de parathormona sérica estadísticamente más alto (p= 0,034); hubo una asociación entre un mayor tiempo de hemodiálisis y mayores concentraciones de fósforo sérico (p= 0,039). Hubo una correlación positiva moderada entre parathormona sérica y fósforo en el grupo con hasta 5 años de hemodiálisis (p= 0.012). Se concluyó que la progresión de la ERC aumenta las concentraciones séricas de fósforo y parathormona, reflejando los eventos fisiopatológicos y alteración de la demanda metabólica inherente a la patología.
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Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre el valor de PTH medido a las 6 h posoperatorias de los pacientes sometidos a una tiroidectomía total, y la presentación de hipocalcemia en las primeras 24 h posoperatorias. Materiales y Método: Estudio analítico retrospectivo que utiliza una base de datos de 173 pacientes operados de tiroidectomía total entre enero de 2016 a diciembre de 2018 en el Hospital Militar de Santiago (HMS). Se revisaron datos demográficos y perioperatorios. Se utilizó curva ROC para evaluar la asociación entre PTH e hipocalcemia en nuestros pacientes. Resultados: 106 pacientes que cumplen criterios de inclusión. Promedio de PTH 30,5 (1,4-169), 58% presentó hipocalcemia, solo 17 pacientes fueron sintomáticos. PTH promedio en pacientes sintomáticos fue de 7,8 pg/ml. Curva ROC con área bajo la curva de 0,83 (0,75-0,92). Considerando valores útiles para la práctica clínica, una PTH menor a 6,3 (valor más bajo en nuestro laboratorio), tiene sensibilidad de 97%. El valor 18 de PTH (límite inferior del rango de normalidad del laboratorio) se obtiene 88,89% de sensibilidad con 66,07% de especificidad. Y con un valor de 47 pg/ml, se obtiene con un 91% de especificidad para predecir pacientes que no tendrían hipocalcemia. Conclusión: Con un valor de PTH disminuido bajo su valor normal, se puede decir que el riesgo de tener hipocalcemia es sobre el 80%, por lo que se debería iniciar tratamiento profiláctico y desistir del alta. En cambio, para definir un valor superior sobre el cual dar de alta precoz con seguridad, faltan más estudios.
Aim: To evaluate the association between PTH (parathormone) value measured at 6 hours postoperatively of patients submitted to total thyroidectomy, and the presentation of hypocalcemia in the first 24 hours. Materials and Method: Retrospective study of 173 patients with total thyroidectomy between January 2016 to December 2018 in HMS. Demographic and perioperative data were reviewed. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the association between PTH and hypocalcemia in our patients. Results: 106 patients meet inclusion criteria. Average of PTH 30.5 (1.4-169), 58% presented hypocalcemia, 17 patients were symptomatic. ROC curve with area under the curve of 0.83 (0.75-0.92) was obtained considering useful values for clinical practice, a PTH less than 6.3 (lowest value in our laboratory), has 97% sensitivity to predict hypocalcemia. If we use the value 18 we obtain 88.89% sensitivity with 66.07% specificity. And with a value of 47, it is obtained with 91% specificity to predict patients who would not have hypocalcemia Conclusion: With a PTH value decreased below its normal value, it can be said that the risk of having hypocalcemia is over 80%, so that prophylactic treatment should be initiated. To define a value on which to register early with security, more study is needed.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Hipocalcemia/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Hipocalcemia/etiologiaRESUMO
O hipoparatireoidismo, quer seja primário ou secundário, é uma doença rara em cães, causada pela diminuição da secreção de paratormônio pelas paratireoides, que leva a sinais clínicos resultantes da hipocalcemia. O omeprazol vem sendo cada vez mais utilizado na medicina veterinária visando à diminuição na produção de líquor, mas existem poucos estudos sobre os efeitos colaterais relacionados ao uso crônico dessa medicação. Relata-se o caso de um cão macho da raça Yorkshire Terrier, com quatro anos de idade, com sinais clínicos de dor, sendo verificada calcificação em pelve e divertículo renal. Segundo o proprietário, o cão fazia uso de omeprazol há mais de dois anos devido ao histórico de hidrocefalia. Os exames laboratoriais evidenciaram anemia microcítica hipocrômica, hipocalemia, hiperfosfatemia, hipocalcemia, hipomagnesemia e hipercalciúria. A dosagem do paratormônio sérico confirmou o hipoparatireoidismo. Após a suspensão do omeprazol, as alterações encontradas nos exames se normalizaram, confirmando que a causa do hipoparatireoidismo era o uso crônico da medicação.(AU)
Primary or secondary hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease in dogs caused by the decreased secretion of parathormone from the parathyroid glands, leading to clinical signs of hypocalcemia. Omeprazole has been increasingly used in veterinary medicine in order to reduce the production of cerebrospinal fluid, but there are few reports of side effects related to its chronic use. We report a case of a four-year-old male Yorkshire terrier with clinical signs of pain, calcification in the pelvis and renal diverticulum. According to the owner, the dog had been receiving omeprazole for over 2 years because of the history of hydrocephalus. Hematological exams revealed hypochromic microcytic anemia, hypokalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia besides hypercalciuria. The determination of serum parathyroid hormone concentrations confirmed hypoparathyroidism. After interrupting omeprazole, the altered features on the exams returned to normal values, confirming that the cause of hypoparathyroidism was the chronic use of the drug.(AU)
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Animais , Cães , Omeprazol/efeitos adversos , Hipoparatireoidismo/induzido quimicamente , Hipoparatireoidismo/veterinária , Hipocalcemia/veterinária , Hipopotassemia/veterináriaRESUMO
O hipoparatireoidismo, quer seja primário ou secundário, é uma doença rara em cães, causada pela diminuição da secreção de paratormônio pelas paratireoides, que leva a sinais clínicos resultantes da hipocalcemia. O omeprazol vem sendo cada vez mais utilizado na medicina veterinária visando à diminuição na produção de líquor, mas existem poucos estudos sobre os efeitos colaterais relacionados ao uso crônico dessa medicação. Relata-se o caso de um cão macho da raça Yorkshire Terrier, com quatro anos de idade, com sinais clínicos de dor, sendo verificada calcificação em pelve e divertículo renal. Segundo o proprietário, o cão fazia uso de omeprazol há mais de dois anos devido ao histórico de hidrocefalia. Os exames laboratoriais evidenciaram anemia microcítica hipocrômica, hipocalemia, hiperfosfatemia, hipocalcemia, hipomagnesemia e hipercalciúria. A dosagem do paratormônio sérico confirmou o hipoparatireoidismo. Após a suspensão do omeprazol, as alterações encontradas nos exames se normalizaram, confirmando que a causa do hipoparatireoidismo era o uso crônico da medicação.(AU)
Primary or secondary hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease in dogs caused by the decreased secretion of parathormone from the parathyroid glands, leading to clinical signs of hypocalcemia. Omeprazole has been increasingly used in veterinary medicine in order to reduce the production of cerebrospinal fluid, but there are few reports of side effects related to its chronic use. We report a case of a four-year-old male Yorkshire terrier with clinical signs of pain, calcification in the pelvis and renal diverticulum. According to the owner, the dog had been receiving omeprazole for over 2 years because of the history of hydrocephalus. Hematological exams revealed hypochromic microcytic anemia, hypokalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia besides hypercalciuria. The determination of serum parathyroid hormone concentrations confirmed hypoparathyroidism. After interrupting omeprazole, the altered features on the exams returned to normal values, confirming that the cause of hypoparathyroidism was the chronic use of the drug.(AU)
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Animais , Cães , Omeprazol/efeitos adversos , Hipoparatireoidismo/induzido quimicamente , Hipoparatireoidismo/veterinária , Hipocalcemia/veterinária , Hipopotassemia/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: The surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) has evolved due the concern of permanent hypoparathyroidism. As the diagnosis has increased, the extent of operation has decreased. Most MEN1 patients requiring parathyroidectomy are younger than 50 years and they pose a difficult balance to achieve between persistent HPT and life-long hypoparathyroidism. The aim of the present study is to review our experience with a large series of patients with MEN1-related HPT (HPT/MEN1) treated at a single institution in order to find clues to a better treatment decision in these younger cases. Method: Retrospective analysis of consecutive HPT/MEN1 cases treated at a single institution with different operations: total parathyroidectomy and immediate forearm autograft (TPTX-AG), subtotal (STPTX), unintentional less than subtotal (U-LSTPTX) and intentional less than subtotal parathyroidectomy (I-LSTPTX). Results: Considering 84 initial cases operated on since 2011 (TPTX-AG, 39; STPTX, 22, U-LSTPTX, 13, and I-LSTPTX, 10), the rates of hypoparathyroidism were 30.8% (U-LSTPTX), 28.2% (TPTX-AG), 13.6% (STPTX), and 0% (I-LSTPTX). Two-thirds of them (68%; 57/84) were young (<50 years) or asdolescents. MIBI scan was more sensitive to show parathyroid glands and bilateral disease. Considering the concordance of MIBI and ultrasound for the possibility of unilateral clearance, it would be suitable to 22.6% of the cases. Intra-operative parathormone showed a significant decay even after unilateral exploration, but longer follow up is necessary. Overall, there were seven (4%) adolescents in 161 cases treated from 1987 to 2018, three underwent TPTX-AG and four had U-LSTPTX. Five are euparathyroid, one had mild recurrence, and one required a reoperation after 8 years due to the residual gland. Conclusions: Young patients are the most frequent candidates to parathyroidectomy. Less extensive procedures may be planned only if carefully reviewed preoperative imaging studies suggest a localized disease. Patients and their relatives should be fully informed of the risks and benefits during consent process. Future research with larger cohorts and long-term results are necessary to clarify if less than I-LSPTX or unilateral clearance are really adequate in selected groups of patients with HPT/MEN1 presenting lower volume of disease detected by preoperative imaging studies.
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INTRODUCCIÓN: Pretendemos analizar qué factores son los que determinan la aparición de hipocalcemia en el postoperatorio de la tiroidectomía total, mediante análisis estadístico, utilizando el paquete SPSS versión 25. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se han estudiado 105 pacientes intervenidos de tiroidectomía total en nuestro centro durante los años 2015 a 2017. RESULTADOS: Se trataba de 85 mujeres (81%) y 20 hombres (19%), con edades comprendidas entre 30 y 91 años, con media de 57 años. El diagnóstico anatomopatológico más frecuente fue patología benigna (82,9%), con 87 casos...
INTRODUCTION: We intend to analyze which factors are responsible for the appearance of hypocalcemia in the postoperative period of total thyroidectomy, using statistical analysis with the SPSS version 25 package. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 105 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy in our center during the years 2015 to 2017. RESULTS: There were 85 women (81%) and 20 men (19%), aged between 30 and 91 years, with an average of 57 years. The most frequent anatomopathological diagnosis was benign pathology (82.9%), with 87 cases
INTRODUÇÃO: Pretendemos analisar quais são os fatores que determinam a ocorrência de hipocalcemia na tireoidectomia total no pós-operatório, utilizando análise estatística usando SPSS versão 25. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram estudados 105 pacientes que foram submetidos a tireoidectomia total em nosso centro ao longo dos anos 2015 a 2017. RESULTADOS: Foram 85 mulheres (81%) e 20 homens (19%), com idade entre 30 e 91 anos, com média de 57 anos. O diagnóstico anatomopatológico mais frequente foi a patologia benigna (82,9%), com 87 casos...
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Hipocalcemia/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hipocalcemia/prevenção & controle , Hipocalcemia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Objetivo: Presentar caso de niño con resistencia a la parathormona (PTH) como causa infrecuente de hipocalcemia. Caso Clínico: Preescolar masculino de 5 años de edad, cuya madre refiere inicio de sintomatología desde los tres años, caracterizada por calambres musculares en miembros superiores e inferiores frecuentes que ceden espontáneamente. Desde hace dos días refiere aumento de intensidad de síntomas, acompañados de flexión bilateral de los cuatro miembros, con dificultad para la marcha, por lo que se ingresa. Tuvo diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo subclínico a los 3 años, recibe Levotiroxina 25 μg diariamente. No antecedentes de fracturas. Examen físico: fenotipo normal, peso: 25 kg (pc>97) talla: 112 cm (pc 50-75) IMC: 20 kg/m² (pc>97): FC: 90 lpm, FR: 20 rpm. Buenas condiciones generales. Como dato positivo presenta miembros con contracción carpo-pedal y flexión de miembros inferiores, Chvostek y Trosseau +, neurológico consiente, hipertónico. Paraclínicos: calcio: 7 mg/dL, fósforo 7,2 mmol/L, PTH: 1085 pg/mL (VN: 10-67 pg/mL), albumina: 4,5 g/dL, creatinina: 0,37 mg/dL, fosfatasa alcalina: 370 mg/dL, T4L: 1,4 ng/dL, TSH: 1,22 mU/L. Se realiza el diagnóstico de Pseudohipoparatiroidismo. Se inicia tratamiento con gluconato de calcio endovenoso hasta corrección de síntomas, luego calcio y calcitriol oral con mejoría. A los 14 años de edad (nueve años posterior al diagnóstico) es revalorado: fenotipo, peso y talla normales, Chvostek y Trousseau negativos, masa ósea conservada y ultrasonido de tiroides y paratiroides sin alteraciones. Conclusión: La resistencia a la PTH representa una causa infrecuente de hipocalcemia en la edad pediátrica. El diagnóstico es clínico y paraclínico, manifestado por hipocalcemia e hiperfosfatemia con PTH elevada; el tratamiento consiste en la administración de calcio y vitamina D, para mantener los niveles de calcio y fósforo sérico en la normalidad y disminuir los niveles de PTH sérico.
Objective: To present clinical case of a boy with resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) as a rare cause of hypocalcemia. Case Study: Preschool 5 years old, whose mother refers onset of symptoms from the three years old characterized by frequent muscle cramps in upper and lower limbs that resolve spontaneously. Two days earlier presented accentuation of the symptoms, accompanied by bilateral flexion of the four members, with difficulty walking, so he is admitted. Diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism was done at 3 years old, in treatment with levothyroxine 25 μg daily. No history of fractures. Physical examination: normal phenotype, weight: 25 kg (pc> 97) height: 112 cm (pc50-75), BMI 20 kg/m² (pc> 97): FC: 90 lpm, FR: 20 rpm. Good general conditions. As positive findings shows members with carpal-pedal contraction, and bending of the lower limbs, Trousseau and Chvostek+, neurological conscious, hypertonic. Paraclinical: calcium: 7 mg/dL, phosphorus 7.2 mmol/L, PTH: 1085 pg/mL (NV: 10-67 pg/mL), albumin: 4.5 g/dL, creatinine: 0.37 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase: 370 mg/dL, FT4: 1.4 ng/dL, TSH: 1.22 mU/L. Pseudohypoparathyroidism diagnosing is performed. Treatment with intravenous calcium gluconate to correct symptoms was initiated followed with oral calcium and calcitriol, improvement is observed. At 14 years of age (nine years after diagnosis) is reassessed: phenotype, weight and height are normal, Chvostek and Trousseau negative, bone mass preserved and thyroid and parathyroid ultrasound unchanged. Conclusion: The resistance to PTH represents a rare cause of hypocalcemia in children. The diagnosis is clinical and paraclinical demonstrating hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia with elevated PTH. Treatment is calcium and vitamin D to maintain normal levels of serum calcium and phosphorus and decrease serum PTH levels.
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Introduction: The most frequent complication after total thyroidectomy is hypocalcemia. It is difficult to predict it. The objective of this paper is determinate if measurement of parathormone 6 hours after total thyroidectomy can predict symptomatic hypocalcemia, and determinate associated factors in the development of this complication. Material and Method: Prospective case series. Patients that underwent total thyroidectomy between 2006 and 2008 in our Hospital. We registered epidemiological data, related surgery factors and measurement of parathormone 6 hours after surgery. Hypocalcemia symptoms were registered. We used statistical analysis considering significant p < 0.05. Results: We included 82 patients. Median age was 53.2 years. 79.3 percent were female. The average of parathormone 6 hours after surgery was 28.7 pg/dL. Sensibility was 100 percent, specificity 79.4 percent, positive predictive value 59.4 percent, negative predictive value 100 percent and accuracy 84.1 percent to predict symptomatic hypocalcaemia. A statistical association among levels under the normal base line of parathormone and symptomatic hypocalcemia was detected (p < 0.0001). Relative risk was 4.84. Univariated analysis showed association between hypocalcemia and pre-operative thyroid cancer diagnosis (p = 0.01), cervical dissection (p = 0.03) and level of parathormone (p = 0.002). Multivariated analysis showed that only the level of parathormone associates with hypocalcemia (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The measurement of parathormone allows identifying which patients are at risk of presenting symptomatic hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.
Introducción: La complicación más frecuente de la tiroidectomía total es la hipocalcemia. Su predicción es difícil. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si la medición de parathormona a las 6 h posterior a una tiroidectomía total es un factor que pueda predecir la aparición de hipocalcemia sintomática y determinar los factores asociados al desarrollo de esta complicación. Material y Método: Serie de casos prospectiva. Pacientes intervenidos de tiroidectomía total entre 2006 y 2008 en el Hospital FACH. Se registraron datos epidemiológicos, factores relacionados a la cirugía y la medición de parathormona a las 6 h. Se registraron los síntomas de hipocalcemia. Se utilizó estadística analítica considerando significativo p < 0,05. Resultados: Se enrolaron 82 pacientes. La edad media fue 53,2 años. El 79,3 por ciento fue de sexo femenino. El promedio de parathormona a las 6 h fue 28,7 pg/dL. Se obtuvo sensibilidad 100 por ciento, especificidad 79,4 por ciento, valor predictivo positivo 59,4 por ciento, negativo 100 por ciento y precisión 84,1 por ciento para predecir hipocalcemia. Cuando los valores de PTH estaban bajo el margen normal, el riesgo relativo de hipocalcemia sintomática fue 4,84 (p < 0,0001). El análisis univariado mostró asociación entre hipocalcemia y el diagnóstico pre operatorio de cáncer (p = 0,01), la disección cervical (p = 0,03) y el nivel de parathormona a las 6 h (p = 0,002). El análisis multivariado demostró que sólo el nivel de parathormona se asocia con hipocalcemia (p = 0,002). Conclusión: La medición de parathormona es un elemento que permite estimar de manera adecuada qué pacientes están en riesgo de presentar hipocalcemia sintomática en el post-operatorio precoz de tiroidectomía total.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hipocalcemia/diagnóstico , Hipocalcemia/sangue , Hormônio Paratireóideo/análise , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Análise de Variância , Seguimentos , Hipocalcemia/etiologia , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Low dietary intake of calcium and poor vitamin D status during aging can result in mild secondary hyperparathyroidism, which may be associated with low muscle mass and reduced strength in the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate whether low vitamin D, high parathormone (PTH), or both, are associated with sarcopenia. A total of 105 women, 35 with sarcopenia and 70 without sarcopenia, were enrolled in the present study. Body composition measurements were performed by DXA and sarcopenia was defined as skeletal muscle mass index<5.45 kg/m2 and grip strength lower than 20 kg. Three-day dietary records were taken and adjustments for energy intake made. The estimated average requirement (EAR) method was adopted as a cut-off point for estimating the prevalence of inadequate intake. Serum total calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, intact PTH, and 25(OH)D were measured. Only 1% of the patients met the daily adequate intake for vitamin D and 11% met the daily adequate intake for calcium. Notably, the prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in hyperparathyroidism (25(OH)D<20 ng/mL and PTH>65 pg/dL) than in the absence of hyperparathyroidism (41.2 vs 16.2%, respectively; p=0.046). The odds ratio for sarcopenia in hyperparathyroidism cases was 6.81 (95%CI 1.29-35.9) compared with participants who had low PTH and a high 25(OH)D concentration. The present study showed that vitamin D insufficiency associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism increased the risk of sarcopenia, suggesting that the suppression of hyperparathyroidism by ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake should be considered in interventional studies to confirm potential benefits.
Assuntos
Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/epidemiologia , Sarcopenia/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Vitamina D/epidemiologia , Idoso , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/administração & dosagem , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Cálcio da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Força da Mão , Humanos , Vitamina D/administração & dosagem , Vitamina D/sangueRESUMO
Introducción: existen pocos datos acerca de la variación en el tiempo de los trastornos del metabolismo mineral y óseo (TMO) relacionado a la IRC en los pacientes prevalentes en diálisis crónica en Argentina. Material y métodos: Tomamos los datos del trienio 2011-2013 del Registro Argentino de Diálisis Crónica SAN-INCUCAI. Se analizaron la demografía, etiología de la IRC y las variables bioquímicas del metabolismo mineral y óseo de los pacientes prevalentes en DC, así como su tratamiento. Resultados: La población prevalente creció desde 26.572 pacientes en el año 2011 hasta 27.966 pacientes en el año 2013. Este aumento de la población prevalente fue debida, fundamentalmente, al crecimiento de los incidentes en DC. La edad promedio de esta población aumentó de 57,2 (±17,0) a 57,5 (±16,9) años entre 2011 y 2013. Aumentó la tasa de prevalentes de 65 o más años de ambos sexos entre 2011 y 2013, pero más en hombres. La nefropatía diabética se constituyó en la primera etiología con el 27,2%. En 2013, se logran valores adecuados de calcemia en el 54,5%, de fosfatemia en el 55% de los pacientes prevalentes en DC. Conclusiones: En el año 2013 el 25,5 % tuvo valores de iPTH entre 150 a 300 pg/ml, el 22,9 % 600 pg/ml. Los valores más bajos de iPTH se obsevan a mayor edad, en varones, en pacientes diabéticos y en los primeros años de DC (nuevos pacientes)...
Introduction: There are few data concerning variation over time of mineral and bone metabolism disorder (MBD) in prevalent chronic dialysis patients (CD) in Argentina. Methods: 3-years-period time 2011-2013 data from Argentine Registry of Chronic Dialysis was used. Demography, Chronic Renal failure etiology (CRF) and MBD biochemical variables in CD prevalent patients, were analyzed. Results: Prevalent population grew from 26572 to 27966 patients between 2011 and 2013, basically as a consequence of incidents growth. Age increased from 57.2 (± 17.0) to 57.5 (±16.9). In both sexs =65 years old rate increased, more in men. Diabetic Nephropathy is the first etiology (27.2%). Between 2011 and 2013 there is a significant decrease of PTHi (p=0.001) average values. In 2013, 25.5% showed between 150 to 300 pg/ml values, 22.9% 600 pg/ml values. The lowest PTHi values can be observed in elderly, males, diabetic pattiens and in the first years under CD treatment. Conclusions: Average PTHi, as well as patients with over 600 pg/ml percentage decreased, but the adequate range patients percentage (150-300) remained unchanged. Average PTHi decrease is due to the progressive increase of sub-populations less likely to develop hyperparathyroidism: elderlypeople, males, diabetics and new patients...
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Distúrbios do Metabolismo do Cálcio , Registros de Doenças , Distúrbios do Metabolismo do Fósforo , Prevalência , Diálise Renal/estatística & dados numéricos , Diálise Renal/tendências , ArgentinaRESUMO
We evaluated the concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in children and adolescents with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and associated them with disease duration and activity, use of medication (chloroquine and glucocorticoids), vitamin D intake, calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels, and bone mineral density. Thirty patients with JSLE were evaluated and compared to 30 healthy individuals, who were age and gender matched. Assessment was performed of clinical status, disease activity, anthropometry, laboratory markers, and bone mineral density. The 30 patients included 25 (83.3%) females and 16 (53.3%) Caucasians, with a mean age of 13.7 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 10.5 years and mean disease duration was 3.4 years. Mean levels of calcium, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly lower in patients with JSLE compared with controls (P<0.001, P=0.006, and P<0.001, respectively). Twenty-nine patients (97%) and 23 controls (77%) had 25(OH)D concentrations lower than 32 ng/mL, with significant differences between them (P<0.001). Fifteen patients (50%) had vitamin D levels <20 ng/mL and 14 had vitamin D levels between 20 and 32 ng/mL. However, these values were not associated with greater disease activity, higher levels of parathormone, medication intake, or bone mineral density. Vitamin D concentrations were similar with regard to ethnic group, body mass index, height for age, and pubertal stage. Significantly more frequently than in controls, we observed insufficient serum concentrations of 25(OH)D in patients with JSLE; however, we did not observe any association with disease activity, higher levels of parathormone, lower levels of alkaline phosphatase, use of medications, or bone mineral density alterations.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/sangue , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Vitamina D/uso terapêutico , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Antirreumáticos/uso terapêutico , Densidade Óssea , Estudos Transversais , Cálcio/sangue , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , População Branca , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Medições Luminescentes , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Albumina Sérica/análise , Vitamina D/sangueRESUMO
Introducción: El hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPT1°) es la causa más frecuente de hipercalcemia en la población ambulatoria general. Así mismo, es la indicación más frecuente de cirugía paratiroídea, habitualmente causado por la presencia de un adenoma único, que se asocia a un elevado nivel de paratohormona (PTH). Objetivo: Determinar si existe una relación matemática positiva entre el nivel de PTH preoperatoria y el volumen y peso del adenoma extirpado. Material y Método: Se revisaron retrospectivamente los resultados de las biopsias y PTH preoperatoria de 71 pacientes evaluables con diagnóstico de HPT1° por adenoma único, mejorados. Resultados: Se obtuvo una correlación matemática positiva, aunque débil, entre peso, volumen y PTH preoperatoria. La correlación matemática fue positiva y fuerte entre peso y volumen. Conclusiones: Existe una relación positiva débil entre el peso y volumen y los niveles preoperatorios de PTH. Estos aspectos estudiados son útiles pero especialmente en relación con otros hallazgos pre e intraoperatorios.
Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused mostly by a single adenoma and it is the most frequent cause of hypercalcemia in outpatients. Hyperplasia of the four glands and cancer are the other ethiological diagnosis. It has been postulated that the bigger and heavier an adenoma is the higher the preoperative PTH level. Objective: To evaluate a mathematical relation between adenoma estimated volume and weight and preoperative parathormone level (prPTH). Method: Retrospective analysis of 71 evaluable treated patients biopsies and preoperative PTH level. Results: A mathematical positive and weak correlation between volume, weight and preoperative PTH was obtained. This correlation was positive and strong between volumen and weight. Conclusions: In this group we found a positive and weak mathematical relation between weight, volume and preoperative PTH levels. These aspects alone are useful but only in combination with others for the correct interpretation of pre and intraoperative findings.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Glândulas Paratireoides/patologia , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/cirurgia , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/sangue , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Hiperparatireoidismo Primário/patologia , Tamanho do Órgão , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia y características de los pacientes que por patología hiperparatiroidea, se atendieron en los hospitales México, San Juan de Dios y "Dr. Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia", en un periodo de tres años. Métodos: análisis de registros de parathormona intacta sérica elevada, expedientes clínicos y revisión bibliográfica. Estudio descriptivo, cuya muestra fue pacientes hiperparatiroideos atendidos entre enero 2007 y diciembre 2009. La determinación de frecuencias y proporciones para las variables cualitativas se realizó por medio de la prueba chi cuadrado, y las cuantitativas, mediante la estimación de la prueba t de student. Resultados: de 199 pacientes estudiados, se excluyeron 9. El sexo femenino predominó (68.9 por ciento), el grupo etario más frecuente fue de 60 y más años de edad (33,1 por ciento). El hiperparatiroidismo primario fue la enfermedad más frecuente (n=46;24,2 por ciento;73,9 por ciento mujeres, 69,5 por ciento mayores de 50 años), luego hipovitaminosis D y falla renal crónica. La mayoría vivía en San José (59,4 por ciento) y se atendió en el Hospital México (65,8 por ciento). No se posee el concepto claro y se desdeña el hiperparatiroidismo normocalcémico, por parte de algunos médicos, y la mayoría no solicita determinaciones de vitamina D. Discusión: los pacientes con parathormona intacta elevada por diversas causas están expuestos a muchas patologías que pueden comprometer su sobrevivencia y calidad de vida. La hipovitaminosis D probablemente sería más frecuente, si su medición se solicitara más. Debe enfatizarse la solicitud de calcecifediol en cualquier patología paratiroidea...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Criança , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Calcifediol , Glândulas Paratireoides/anormalidades , Glândulas Paratireoides/fisiopatologia , Glândulas Paratireoides/patologia , Hiperparatireoidismo , Doenças das ParatireoidesRESUMO
La hipocalcemia es una complicación metabólica común en la tiroidectomía total y en el bypass gástrico. El mecanismo que la provoca es diferente en ambas entidades clínicas. La incidencia de esta complicación es variable, la presentación clínica es inespecífica y el manejo farmacológico no está estandarizado. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 40 años, a la cual se le realizaron ambas cirugías con el desarrollo de hipocalcemia sintomática post-operatoria.
Hypocalcemia is a common metabolic complications in total thyroidectomy and gastric bypass. The mechanism that causes it is different in both clinical entities. The incidence of this complication is variable, the clinical presentation is nonspecific and pharmacological management is not standardized. A case report of a patient of 40 years which were performed both surgeries with the development of postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Derivação Gástrica/efeitos adversos , Hipocalcemia/etiologia , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Hipocalcemia/fisiopatologia , Hormônio Paratireóideo/fisiologia , Fatores de Risco , Vitamina D/fisiologiaRESUMO
La osteomalacia inducida por tumor es un síndrome paraneoplásico secundario en la mayoría de los casos a tumores de origen mesenquimal. Se caracteriza por pérdida aumentada de fosfato a nivel urinario por el efecto inhibidor que ejerce el factor de crecimiento fibroblástico 23 sobre el transporte de fósforo en el túbulo renal proximal. Debe sospecharse en un paciente con debilidad y dolor osteomuscular generalizado que se presente con hipofosfatemia, normocalcemia, fosfatasa alcalina elevada y niveles de 25 hidroxivitamina D y PTH normales. El tratamiento definitivo de la enfermedad es la resección quirúrgica del tumor. Cuando se desconozca la neoplasia primaria o no sea posible el tratamiento quirúrgico debe iniciarse reposición de fósforo y calcitriol. En este artículo se presenta el primer caso de una paciente con osteomalacia inducida por tumor asociada a un carcinoma lobulillar infiltrante de seno.
The tumor-induced osteomalacia is a paraneoplastic syndrome secondary in most cases to tumors of mesenchymal origin. It is characterized by increased lost of urinary phosphate by the inhibitory effect exerted by the fibroblast growth factor 23 on phosphorus transport in the proximal renal tubule. Should be suspected in a patient with weakness and generalized muscle in addition to hypophosphatemia, normocalcemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase and normal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH. The definitive treatment of the disease is surgical resection of the tumor. When the primary tumor is unknown or is not possible the surgical treatment should be initiated replacement of phosphorus and calcitriol. This paper presents the first case of a patient with tumor-induced osteomalacia associated with lobular breast cancer.