RESUMO
Using orthopedic devices or prosthetic joints to treat various conditions is expected in a Traumatology and Orthopedics Unit. Recently, the materials used to build these different devices have evolved; however, pathogens can still infect these materials. Additionally, the immune system has limitations when defending against these pathogens, which results in bacterial infections like Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A total of 276 patients who attended the Traumatology and Orthopedics Unit of our hospital from 1 June 2018 to 1 June 2019, were included in the present study. Our study analyzed the incidence of S. aureus and other bacterial pathogens in the surgical sites of patients with orthopedic implants, as well as the most used types of implants and implant materials. The specimens obtained from the surgical sites of the patients were cultured in anaerobic and aerobic media for subsequent identification using their phenotypic characteristics. Subsequently, antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed to establish the appropriate treatment. The primary pathogens identified were Staphylococcus aureus (26.4%), followed by Escherichia coli (21.0%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.8%). The most commonly used implants were plates (41.7%), followed by endomedullary nails (20%), Kirschner wires (14.1%), and fixators (10.1%). As for the anatomical regions of the implants, the most frequent sites were the legs, followed by the thighs, wrists, and ankles. The pathogens were more susceptible to ciprofloxacin (95%), clindamycin (89%), and cefotaxime (86%). S. aureus is the primary infectious agent in our hospital, with an incidence of 26.4% after the placement of orthopedic implants. Although its incidence was lower compared to other tertiary hospitals, it is necessary to improve aseptic techniques in such a way as to reduce the incidence of this pathogen further.
RESUMO
Background: Acute spinal traumas can lead to irreversible damage associated with vascular and inflammatory changes in neural tissue. Since spine and spinal cord traumas have an unfavorable prognosis in small animals, and reports of the use of Steinmann pins and polymethylmethacrylate repair of lumbar vertebra fracture-luxation in puppies are rare in the literature, the present paper aimed to report the surgical treatment of transversal fracture through the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra, with dorsocranial displacement of the caudal fragment by using Steinmann pins and polymethylmethacrylate in a 7-month-old Labrador Retriever male dog. Case: A 7-month-old intact male Labrador Retriever dog, weighing 24.0 kg was attended at School Veterinary Hospital with a history of hit by car and paraplegia of the hind limbs. On neurological examination was observed no proprioception and no deep pain sensitivity on the both pelvic limbs. The lumbar spinal palpation showed intense pain, and the motor function and patellar reflexes were reduced. The values of haematological and biochemical analysis remained within the reference values for the species. Radiographs revealed a transversal fracture through the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra, with dorsocranial displacement of the caudal fragment, and was decided to perform a surgical treatment by open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture. The dog was positioned in ventral recumbency for surgery, and a dorsal midline incision was made from the second lumbar vertebra to the sixth lumbar vertebra. Two crossed 1.5 mm Kirschner wires were placed through the caudal articular facets of the fourth lumbar vertebra to provide initial stability...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Polimetil Metacrilato , Vértebras Lombares/lesões , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Luxações Articulares/veterinária , Pinos Ortopédicos/veterinária , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: Acute spinal traumas can lead to irreversible damage associated with vascular and inflammatory changes in neural tissue. Since spine and spinal cord traumas have an unfavorable prognosis in small animals, and reports of the use of Steinmann pins and polymethylmethacrylate repair of lumbar vertebra fracture-luxation in puppies are rare in the literature, the present paper aimed to report the surgical treatment of transversal fracture through the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra, with dorsocranial displacement of the caudal fragment by using Steinmann pins and polymethylmethacrylate in a 7-month-old Labrador Retriever male dog. Case: A 7-month-old intact male Labrador Retriever dog, weighing 24.0 kg was attended at School Veterinary Hospital with a history of hit by car and paraplegia of the hind limbs. On neurological examination was observed no proprioception and no deep pain sensitivity on the both pelvic limbs. The lumbar spinal palpation showed intense pain, and the motor function and patellar reflexes were reduced. The values of haematological and biochemical analysis remained within the reference values for the species. Radiographs revealed a transversal fracture through the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra, with dorsocranial displacement of the caudal fragment, and was decided to perform a surgical treatment by open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture. The dog was positioned in ventral recumbency for surgery, and a dorsal midline incision was made from the second lumbar vertebra to the sixth lumbar vertebra. Two crossed 1.5 mm Kirschner wires were placed through the caudal articular facets of the fourth lumbar vertebra to provide initial stability...