RESUMO
The aim of this systematic review was to describe the clinical and genetic features of syndromes showing oligodontia as a sign. The review was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 checklist guidelines, and the search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of science, Livivo, and EMBASE and supplemented by a gray literature search on Google Scholar and ProQuest, applying key terms relevant to the research questions. The systematic review identified 47 types of syndromes in 83 studies, and the most common was hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, which was reported in 24 patients in 22 studies. Other common syndromes that reported oligodontia included Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, Witkop's syndrome, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, blepharocheilodontic syndrome, and oculofaciocardiodental syndrome. The X-linked mode of inheritance was the most reported (n = 13 studies), followed by the autosomal dominant (n = 13 studies). The review describes the main syndromes that may have oligodontia as a clinical sign and reinforces the need for orodental-facial examining for adequate diagnosis and treatment of the affected patients. Molecular analysis in order to better understand the occurrence of oligodontia is imperative.
RESUMO
Abstract Studies have reported that >91.9% of non-syndromic tooth agenesis cases are caused by seven pathogenic genes. Objective To report novel heterozygous PAX9 variants in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia and summarize the reported genotype-phenotype relationship of PAX9 variants. Methodology We recruited 28 patients with non-syndromic oligodontia who were admitted to the Hospital of Stomatology Hebei Medical University (China) from 2018 to 2021. Peripheral blood was collected from the probands and their core family members for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the pathogenicity of the variants. SWISS-MODEL homology modeling was used to analyze the three-dimensional structural changes of variant proteins. We also analyzed the genotype-phenotype relationships of PAX9 variants. Results We identified novel compound heterozygous PAX9 variants (reference sequence NM_001372076.1) in a Chinese family with non-syndromic oligodontia: a new missense variant c.1010C>A (p.T337K) in exon 4 and a new frameshift variant c.330_331insGT (p.D113Afs*9) in exon 2, which was identified as the pathogenic variant in this family. This discovery expands the known variant spectrum of PAX9; then, we summarized the phenotypes of non-syndromic oligodontia with PAX9 variants. Conclusion We found that PAX9 variants commonly lead to loss of the second molars.
RESUMO
The gain or loss of anatomical features is an important mechanism of morphological evolution and ecological adaptation. Dental anomalies-the loss or gain of teeth-are widespread and a potential source of craniodental specialization among mammals, yet their macroevolutionary patterns have been rarely explored. We present the first phylogenetic comparative study of dental anomalies across the second largest mammal Order, Chiroptera (bats). We conducted an extensive literature review and surveyed a large sample of museum specimens to analyze the types and prevalence of dental anomalies across bats, and performed phylogenetic comparative analyses to investigate the role of phylogenetic history and dietary specialization on incidence of dental anomalies. We found dental anomalies have a significant phylogenetic signal, suggesting they are not simply the result of idiosyncratic mutations or random developmental disorders, but may have ancestral genetic origins or result from shared developmental pathways among closely related species. The incidence of dental anomalies was not associated with diet categories, suggesting no effect of craniodental specialization on dental anomalies across bats. Our results give insight into the macroevolutionary patterns of dental anomalies in bats, and provide a foundation for investigating new hypotheses underlying the evolution of dental variation and diversity in mammals.
Assuntos
Evolução Biológica , Quirópteros/anatomia & histologia , Dentição , Anormalidades Dentárias , Animais , Quirópteros/genética , Dieta , FilogeniaRESUMO
Displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica (DEH) es una enfermedad genética rara de carácter autosómico recesivo ligado al cromosoma X; abarca un conjunto de desórdenes que envuelven tejidos derivados del ectodermo, siendo afectados el sexo masculino y portadores el sexo femenino. Presentan una tríada típica: hipohidrosis, oligodoncia e hipotricosis. Se reporta el caso clínico de un paciente con signos característicos de DEH: piel reseca, cabellos, cejas y pestañas escasos; arrugas e hiperpigmentación perioral y periorbitales; labios y puente nasal prominentes y disminución de secreción lagrimal. En el examen intraoral se observaron ausencias múltiples de piezas dentarias, con presentación de sólo ocho dientes superiores y dos inferiores, todos ellos con alteración de forma y presencia de diastemas. El reconocimiento y tratamiento odontológico precoz de los individuos portadores de DEH, referidos a alteraciones bucales, es de vital importancia no solamente por ofrecer un aspecto funcional y estético favorables sino también porque permite en corto plazo reducir alteraciones en el crecimiento facial.
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare genetic condition. It is of recessive autosomic character and linked to the X chromosome, encompassing a heterogeneous group of disorders involving ectoderm-derived tissues. Males are affected by the disease and females play the role of carriers. This disease presents a typical triad: hypohidrosis, oligodontia and hypotrichosis. This article examines the clinical case of a patient who exhibited characteristic signs of HED: dry skin, scarce hair eyebrows and eyelashes, wrinkles and peri-oral and peri-orbital hyperpigmentation, prominent lips and nasal bridge and decreased lachrymal secretion. Intra-oral examination revealed multiple tooth absences, presence of only eight teeth in the upper jaw and two teeth in the lower jaw, all with shape alterations and presence of diastemata. Early recognition and dental treatment of HED carrier individuals referred to oral alterations is of the utmost importance, not only to achieve favorable esthetics and functionality but also to allow the decrease facial growth alterations in a short time.
RESUMO
Unusual variations in the dentition of mammals have been reported many times, however the understanding of the occurrence and evolution of these anomalies remains mainly unknown due to the lack of a comprehensive approach and compiling information. Dental anomalies in bats are of special interest because the wide range of morphological variation among them specifically at the craniofacial region, findings include the first case of a living mammal with bilateral symmetry that has an asymmetrical dental formula. At the Neotropic, Artibeus lituratus is the bat species with the highest number of records of dental anomalies. In this paper it is reported the first evidence of both polyodontia and oligodontia from a single population of bats, in two individuals of Artibeus lituratus from Colombia. Also, after a deep bibliographical research, compiled data from the last 50 years is presented and analysed and a list of bats species reported with dental anomalies worldwide is presented. The list of bat species with cases of dental anomalies rise to 64 species. It was evident the predominance of insectivorous species, especially from the genus Myotis.
Assuntos
Animais , Anodontia/genética , Anormalidades Dentárias/genética , QuirópterosRESUMO
Unusual variations in the dentition of mammals have been reported many times, however the understanding of the occurrence and evolution of these anomalies remains mainly unknown due to the lack of a comprehensive approach and compiling information. Dental anomalies in bats are of special interest because the wide range of morphological variation among them specifically at the craniofacial region, findings include the first case of a living mammal with bilateral symmetry that has an asymmetrical dental formula. At the Neotropic, Artibeus lituratus is the bat species with the highest number of records of dental anomalies. In this paper it is reported the first evidence of both polyodontia and oligodontia from a single population of bats, in two individuals of Artibeus lituratus from Colombia. Also, after a deep bibliographical research, compiled data from the last 50 years is presented and analysed and a list of bats species reported with dental anomalies worldwide is presented. The list of bat species with cases of dental anomalies rise to 64 species. It was evident the predominance of insectivorous species, especially from the genus Myotis.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Anormalidades Dentárias/genética , Anodontia/genética , QuirópterosRESUMO
Objetivo: describir el manejo multidisciplinario proporcionado a una niña de 7 años con oligodoncia no asociada a s¡ndrome. Reporte de caso: Paciente femenino de 7 años de edad acude al servicio de Odontología Pediátrica de la Clínica Dental de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, para tratamiento integral, refiriendo un diagnostico presuntivo de Displasia Ectodérmica. Al examen clínico, la paciente presenta placas hipopigmentadas con descamación en zonas localizadas del cuerpo; al examen clínico estomatológico presenta el labio inferior ligeramente evertido, pérdida de la dimensión vertical, oligodoncia de piezas deciduas y al examen radiográfico se evidencia la agenesia de múltiples piezas permanentes. Como parte del tratamiento integral se realizaron interconsultas con pediatr¡a, dermatología y genética para llegar a un diagnostico sistémico definitivo, el cual fue Oligodoncía no asociada a síndrome, descartando así el diagnóstico presuntivo inicial. También se incluyeron interconsultas con las especialidades de rehabilitación oral, ortodoncia, estética y periodoncia para llegar a un adecuado tratamiento odontológico. Después de un estudio minucioso del caso, se confeccionó un plan de tratamiento odontológico preventivo y rehabilitador en el que se realizó profilaxis y aplicación de flúor barniz, resinas simples en las segundas molares superiores deciduas, reconstrucción de los incisivos centrales inferiores deciduos y aumento de la altura clínica de la primera molar inferior decidua; luego se confeccionó la prótesis parcial inferior para as¡ devolver la función masticatoria, fonética y estética. Conclusiones: El manejo odontológico de los pacientes con Oligodoncía debe ser multidisciplinario, con la finalidad de mejorar su alimentación, fonética y estética, lo cual beneficia su proceso de aceptación y socialización...
Objective: to describe the multidisciplinary management provided to a 7 years old girl with non syndromic oligodontia. Case report: female patient of 7 years old presents with her parents to the Dental Clinics department of Pediatric Dentistry at the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, for integral treatment, referring a presumptive diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia. At the clinical examination, the patient had hypopigmented scaly plaques in localized areas of the body, the clinical stomatological examination presents slightly everted lower lip, loss of vertical dimension, oligodontia of the deciduous teeth and radiographic examination evidence agenesis of multiple permanent teeth. As part of the integral treatment interconsultations were performed with pediatrics, dermatology and genetics to reach a definitive systemic diagnosis, which was non syndromic oligodontia, thus ruling out the initial presumptive diagnosis. Interconsultations were also included with the specialties of oral rehabilitation, orthodontics, periodontics and aesthetic to reach an appropriate dental treatment. After a careful study of the case,, it was made a preventive and dental rehabilitations treatment plan which include prophylaxis and fluoride varnish application, simple resin to the second upper deciduous molars, reconstruction of deciduous mandibular central incisor and increasing clinical height of the first deciduous molar, then the lower partial denture was made to restore masticatory function, phonetics. Conclusions: the dental management of patients with oligodontia should be multidisciplinary, with the aim of improving their diet, phonetics and esthetics, which benefits the process of acceptance and socialization. The functions of the Pediatric dentists are managing patient behavior and interaction with parents, as well as preventing future injuries of dental caries and keep healthy primary teeth as long as possible.
Assuntos
Feminino , Criança , Anodontia/terapia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Displasia Ectodérmica , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Tooth agenesis is one of the most common congenital anomalies seen in humans. Although absence of one or more teeth is common, absence of multiple teeth is rare. Oligodontia is a rare developmental anomaly, involving agenesis of six or more permanent teeth, excluding the third molars. The reported prevalence of oligodontia in permanent dentition is 0.14%. Oligodontia can be presented as an isolated condition or as a part of a syndrome. Discussion: The present case report highlights a unique case of non-syndromic oligodontia, with agenesis of four permanent incisors, left permanent canine and right second premolar in the mandibular arch and its management with a novel fixed functional prosthetic appliance. Conclusion: Prosthetic rehabilitation is an urgent need for these kind of patients so that they do not suffer from masticatory and esthetic problems which can eventually lower the self esteem of individuals...
A agenesia dentária é uma das anomalias congênitas mais comuns em humanos. Embora a ausência de um ou mais dentes seja comum, a ausência de vários dentes é rara. A oligodontia é uma anomalia de desenvolvimento rara, envolvendo agenesia de seis ou mais dentes permanentes, excluindo os terceiros molares. A prevalência de oligodontia na dentição permanente é de 0,14%. A oligodontia pode apresentar-se como uma condição isolada ou como parte de uma síndrome. Discussão: O presente relato destaca um caso único de oligodontia não sindrômica, com agenesia de quatro incisivos permanentes, canino permanente esquerdo e segundo pré-molar direito no arco inferior, e seu manejo com um novo aparelho de prótese fixa funcional. Conclusão: A reabilitação protética é uma necessidade urgente para este tipo de paciente para que ele não sofra de problemas de mastigação e estética, os quais podem eventualmente reduzir a autoestima do indivíduo...
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Anodontia/reabilitação , Prótese Dentária , Dentição Permanente , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Oligodontia is a rare congenital disorder consisting in the absence of six or more teeth. This case report describes a multidisciplinary treatment approach for a 12-year-old male with absence of 11 permanent teeth. Prior to any procedure, all primary teeth were scheduled for extraction due to poor crown-to-root ratio. The treatment plan comprised two phases: 1. orthodontic and speech therapy aimed at overbite and anterior open bite adjustment, as well as tongue position improvement; and 2. prosthetic treatment by insertion of removable temporary partial dentures. The multidisciplinary treatment involving orthodontics, speech and prosthetic therapies have reestablished the masticatory function and aesthetics, allowing the patient to achieve greater self-esteem and better social acceptance.
Resumo A oligodontia é uma doença rara, congênita, caracterizada pela ausência de seis ou mais dentes. Este relato de caso descreve uma abordagem terapêutica multidisciplinar de um adolescente de 12 anos de idade com ausência de 11 dentes permanentes. Antes de qualquer procedimento, todos os dentes decíduos foram extraídos devido à pobre relação coroa-raiz. O plano de tratamento foi constituído por duas fases: 1. terapia ortodôntica e fonoaudiológica com o objetivo de ajuste de sobre-mordida e mordida aberta anterior, bem como melhoria da posição da língua, e 2. tratamento reabilitador protético através da instalação de próteses parciais removíveis provisórias. A abordagem multidisciplinar envolvendo os tratamentos ortodônticos, fonoaudiológico e protético reestabeleceram a função mastigatória e a estética, melhorando a autoestima e aceitação social do paciente. .
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Anodontia/terapia , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Dente Pré-Molar/anormalidades , Dente Canino/anormalidades , Prótese Parcial Removível , Prótese Parcial Temporária , Diastema/terapia , Estética Dentária , Incisivo/anormalidades , Mastigação/fisiologia , Ortodontia Corretiva , Mordida Aberta/terapia , Autoimagem , Fonoterapia , Extração Dentária , Hábitos Linguais/terapia , Dente Decíduo/cirurgiaRESUMO
Fundamento: la rehabilitación a través de implantes dentarios ha sido un medio eficaz para la sustitución de dientes perdidos o ausentes. Presentación del caso: paciente de 25 años de edad, portadora de prótesis parcial acrílica superior por oligodoncia de incisivos laterales superiores, con lesiones en la mucosa oral. La paciente es tratada por un equipo multidisciplinario y se rehabilitó con prótesis fija soportada por implantes. Conclusiones: la implantología como medio de soporte en la rehabilitación protésica resultó efectiva en una paciente con oligodoncia de incisivos laterales superiores, con mejoría en la estética, la autoestima y la función.
Background: rehabilitation through dental implants has been an effective means for the replacement of lost or absent teeth. Case presentation: 25 year old patient, holder of an acrylic upper partial prosthesis due to oligodontia of upper lateral incisive and lesions in the oral mucous membrane. The patient is treated by a multidisciplinary team and was rehabilitated with a fixed prosthesis supported by implants. Conclusions: Implantology as a means of support in prosthetic rehabilitation resulted effective in a patient with oligodontia of upper lateral incisive with aesthetic improvement, function and self esteem.
Assuntos
Humanos , Anodontia/reabilitação , Implantes Dentários/estatística & dados numéricos , AnodontiaRESUMO
Em nossa clínica diária, frequentemente recebemos pacientes com ausência congênita (agenesia) de dentes. São casos que requerem cuidados especiais, o que justifica uma revisão do assunto. Como abordar ortodonticamente o problema da ausência de múltiplos dentes? Como lidar com os aspectos emocionais do paciente e seus familiares? Quais as condutas da equipe interdisciplinar? A proposta deste artigo é fazer uma revisão de conceitos e protocolos com ênfase em um de seus aspectos mais extremos - a Oligodontia. Pretende-se igualmente avaliar soluções para estes desvios não tão incomuns em nosso dia a dia.
In our daily orthodontic practices, we often deal with patients with congenitally missing teeth. These cases require special care and a review of this condition is warranted. How to approach missing teeth cases in orthodontics? How to deal with patients and families anxieties and expectations? How does the interdisciplinary team work? The purpose of this article is to review principles and approaches related to this condition with emphasis in one of the extreme situations the Oligodontia. It is also an objective of this article to discuss treatment protocols and alternatives for these complicated but not so rare situations.
Assuntos
Humanos , Anodontia , Displasia Ectodérmica , Reabilitação BucalRESUMO
Dental agenesis is a term referred to the absence of one or more teeth. However, oligodontia is a severe type of tooth agenesis involving six or more congenitally missing teeth, excluding the third molars. Oligodontia has a low prevalence and is a very rare condition. The aim was to show this case report of a 13-year-old female patient who presented oligodontia with absence of eight permanent teeth and condylar atrophy on left side. The patient had no history of any syndrome or systemic disease according to the anamnesis. Is very important to know oligodontia features to perform a carefully treatment plan.
La agenesia dental es un término que se refiere a la ausencia de uno o más dientes. Sin embargo, la oligodoncia es un tipo grave de agenesia dental con ausencia congénita de seis o más dientes, excluyendo los terceros molares. La oligodoncia tiene una prevalencia baja y es una condición muy rara. El objetivo es presentar este reporte de caso de una paciente femenina de 13 años quien presentó oligodoncia con ausencia de ocho dientes permanentes y atrofia condilar en el lado izquierdo. La paciente no presenta historia de padecer algún síndrome o enfermedad sistémica según su anamnesis. Es muy importante de conocer las características de la oligodoncia para llevar a cabo un plan de tratamiento de manera cuidadosa.
Assuntos
Feminino , Anodontia/patologia , Anodontia , Radiografia PanorâmicaRESUMO
La displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica (DEH) es una enfermedad rara de etiología genética. La forma más frecuente es la de herencia recesiva relacionada al cromosomo X con sujetos de sexo masculino afectados y de sexo femenino portadores. Pueden ocurrir a través de mutaciones autosómicas, y en estas, las del gene EDA1 son responsables por la mayoría de los casos. Se caracteriza por la tríada: hipohidrosis, oligodoncia e hipotricosis. Presentamos dos casos de pacientes con DEH en los cuales se observaron signos característicos del síndrome: piel delicada; cabellos, cejas y pestañas escasos; arrugas periorbitales; hiperpigmentación perioral y periorbital; labios prominentes y además de eso el paciente del caso 2 presentaba depresión del puente nasal. Se constató aún disminución de la secreción salival y lagrimal y hipoplasia de maxila en los dos casos. Al examen oral estaban presentes en el caso 1 los caninos superiores derecho e izquierdo temporales y el canino inferior derecho temporal y en el caso 2 los caninos superiores e inferiores (derechos e izquierdos) temporales y dos incisivos superiores (uno derecho y otro izquierdo) permanentes con morfología alterada, siendo todos los elementos dentarios íntegros. El tratamiento odontológico precoz de los portadores de DEH, principalmente en la presencia de oligodoncia, como la que se observa en los casos aquí reportados, es importante no solamente para ofrecer mejor calidad de vida para estos pacientes en corto plazo, sino también en el intento de mitigar las alteraciones en el crecimiento facial a que estos pacientes están sometidos.
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare disease of genetic etiology. The most frequent form is of recessive linked to X-chromosome inheritance with affected male and female carriers. It can occur through autosomal mutations, of the gene EDA1 gene being responsible for the majority of the cases. It is characterized by the triad: hypohidrosis, oligodontia and hypotrichosis. We present two cases of patients with HED in which we observed characteristic signs of this syndrome: delicate skin, sparce hair, eyebrows and eyelashes, periorbital wrinkles, perioral and periorbital hyperpigmentation, prominent lips, in addition the patient in case 2 also present the depressed nasal bridge. We also found decreased salivary and lacrimal secretion and maxillary hypoplasia in both cases. At the oral examination in case 1 the upper right and left deciduous canines and lower right deciduous canine were present, and in case 2 the upper and lower (right and left) deciduous canines and two upper (one right and other left) permanent incisors were present with altered morphology, all of these dental elements were healthy. The early dental treatment of patients with HED, especially in the presence of oligodontia, as observed in our cases, is important not only to provide a better quality of life for these patients in the short term, but also an attempt to minimize the changes in facial growth to which these patients are subject.
Assuntos
Criança , Anodontia/patologia , Anodontia , Displasia Ectodérmica/patologia , Displasia Ectodérmica , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Displasia Ectodérmica Anidrótica Tipo 1/patologia , Displasia Ectodérmica Anidrótica Tipo 1RESUMO
El objetivo de este estudio (corte transversal y descriptivo) es determinar la prevalencia de agenesia (hipodoncia) dental en niños con dentición mixta que asisten a las Clínicas Odontológicas Docente Asistencial de La Universidad de La Frontera, durante el año 2009. Se examinaron 307 niños entre 6 y 11 años, que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. La prevalencia de agenesia en la población estudiada fue de 4.2 por ciento (13/307), resultando más afectados los individuos de sexo femenino 5,9 por ciento (9/153). De acuerdo al orden de frecuencia, el diente más afectado por agenesia fue el segundo premolar inferior, con un valor de 4,2 por ciento (13/307). Le siguen, el segundo premolar superior, cuyo valor fue de 3,3 por ciento (10/307), 1,3 por ciento (4/307) del incisivo lateral inferior y 0,33 por ciento (1/307) del primer premolar superior. No se encontraron hallazgos radiográficos de agenesia en incisivo lateral superior y primer premolar inferior. Este estudio nos permitió obtener indicadores significativos de la población estudiada, como además señalar la importancia del diagnóstico precoz de esta anomalía, que conlleva a interceptar alteraciones de maloclusión.
The purpose of this study (cross sectional and descriptive) was to determine the prevalence of dental agenesis (hypodontia) in children with mixed dentition attending the teaching assistant dental clinics at the Universidad de La Frontera, 2009. We examined 307 children between 6 and 11 years, who met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of agenesis in the studied population was 4.2 percent (13/307), with female individuals being the most affected, 5.9 percent (9/153). According to the order of frequency, the most affected by tooth agenesis was the second premolar, with a value of 4.2 percent (13/307). Followed by the second premolar, the value was 3.3 percent (10/307), 1.3 percent (4/307) of the lateral incisor and 0.33 percent (1/307) of the first premolar. There were no radiographic findings of agenesis of upper lateral incisor and first premolar. This study allowed us to obtain significant indicators of the population studied, and also note the importance of early diagnosis of this anomaly, which leads to intercept alterations in the occlusion.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Anodontia/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo , Anodontia , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Prevalência , Radiografia PanorâmicaRESUMO
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a hereditary syndrome, characterized by a classictriad of hypotrichosis, hypodontia and hypohidrosis. The case of an 8-year-old girl with HEDpresenting oligodontia and marked resorption of maxillary and mandibular alveolar ridges is reported. A specially designed aluminum wire tray was used for taking impressions of both dental arches. Prosthetic rehabilitation included a removable maxillary over denture and a mandibular conventional acrylic resin denture made tissue-compatible by means of a soft denture liner attached to denture base. The proposed treatment plan provided improved esthetics, function,and quality of life.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Anodontia/reabilitação , Dentaduras , Displasia Ectodérmica/complicações , Reabilitação Bucal , Resinas Acrílicas , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Maxila/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
Objetivo Determinar la frecuencia de agenesia dental en dentición permanente. Materiales y Métodos Se incluyeron 112 pacientes que acudieron al servicio de imagenología de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, de enero a julio del 2008, mayores de 13 años, sin extracciones dentales ni síndromes genéticos, a quienes se les tomó ortopantomografía. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas y antecedentes familiares de agenesia dental. La información se procesó en SPSS 15,0. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para determinar la frecuencia de agenesia. Para evaluar la asociación de agenesia con sexo, antecedente familiar, y línea familiar se usó X2. Resultados En el grupo estudiado el 53 por ciento fueron mujeres, la media de edad fue 22±4,7 años. El 26 por ciento presentó agenesia, 21,4 por ciento tuvo agenesia de al menos un tercer molar, el 4,5 por ciento mostró agenesia de otros dientes. Las líneas familiares paterna y materna mostraron proporciones similares. Agenesia dental y sexo son independientes X2=0,881, p=0,348. Antecedente familiar y línea familiar mostraron asociación significativa, p<0,001. Conclusiones La proporción global de agenesia dental fue de 26 por ciento. El sexo y agenesia dental son independientes. Los antecedentes familiares de agenesia se asocian significativamente a la agenesia dental.
Objective This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of dental agenesis in permanent dentition. Materials and Methods A group of 112 patients who came to UNAM's Dental School imaging department from January to July 2008 were included in the study. The patients had to be over 13 years old, having had no dental extractions or genetic syndromes. A panoramic radiography was taken of each of them. Sociodemographic variables and family history of dental agenesis were recorded. SPSS 15.0 was used for processing the information. Descriptive statistics were used for determining agenesis frequency; X2 was used for assessing agenesis association with gender, family history and family line. Results 53 percent of the group being studied were female; mean age was 22±4.7. 26 percent of the patients presented dental agenesis (21.4 percent of at least one third molar, 4.5 percent presented other tooth agenesis). Both paternal and maternal family lines had similar percentages regarding a background of agenesis. Dental agenesis and sex were independent (X2=0.881; p=0.348). Family history and family line showed a significant association (p<0.001). Conclusions There was 26 percent overall dental agenesis. Gender and dental agenesis were independent. A family background of agenesis was significantly associated with dental agenesis.