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BACKGROUND: Although the scientific literature associates mature skin with dry skin and the secretion of sebum on the face decreases over the years, in tropical countries, such as Brazil, mature skin can still present oily characteristics. Thus, the knowledge of the hydrophilic characteristics of mature skin is fundamental to help the development of more effective treatments for this skin type. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate the hydrophilic characteristics and the clinical efficacy of a cosmetic formulation for mature skin added with alfalfa and lentil extracts by using biophysical and skin imaging techniques. METHODS: Twenty-eight healthy females aged between 45 and 59 years were enrolled. Measurements of the stratum corneum water content, sebum content, transepidermal water loss, skin microrelief, and pores count were performed before and after the 28-day formulation application. RESULTS: The mature skin presented as oily with wrinkles and pores. The proposed formulation significantly reduced the sebum content and the number of fine and large pores and improved skin microrelief and hydration after a 28-day period of the application when compared to the vehicle. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed formulation was effective in oily mature skin treatment, improving its general skin aging and oiliness conditions, and reducing pores count in just 28 days.
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00254.].
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BACKGROUND: Oily skin and hair not only contain a large amount of sebum, but also exhibit other changes that compromise their physiology. The immediate effects of dermocosmetics are very important for adhesion to treatment. AIM: The aim of the present study was to characterize oily skin and scalp, to evaluate the correlation of sebum production with porphyrin counts and the immediate effects of topical formulations for sebum control. PATIENTS/METHODS: A total of 100 women aged 18-49 years were recruited. Sebaceous gland activity, sebum amount, stratum corneum water content (SCWC) transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin gloss, amount of porphyrins and pores were determined in the face and SCWC, sebum amount, porphyrin count, and TEWL were also determined in the scalp. The immediate effects of formulations containing a guarana extract were determined after 2 hours of application. RESULTS: A correlation between sebaceous gland activity and presence of porphyrins in the frontal region of the face was detected. Low gloss values and large amounts of pores in the malar region were related to lower skin uniformity. High sebum values and low SCWC and porphyrin count were also observed in the vertex region. The studied formulations reduced the sebum content of face and scalp after 2 hours of application. CONCLUSION: Oily skin and hair showed high sebum values, which were correlated with porphyrin count and with the activity of sebaceous glands. Finally, the studied formulations had immediate reducing effects on sebum amounts on the skin and scalp.
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Porfirinas , Glândulas Sebáceas , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sebo , Pele , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Pele , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Excessively oily skin leads to clinical signs that cause discomfort to patients, such as excessive shine, enlarged pores, acne, and an imbalance of the hydrolipidic layer. In this context, a constant demand for the research and development of products that prevent these features, has been noted in the field of cosmetics and dermatology. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the cutaneous characteristics of oily skin due an excessive production of sebum through biophysical and skin imaging techniques. 19 participants with different skin types were selected and the following parameters were evaluated: pore count, determination of the number of sebaceous glands and amount of sebum in infundibulum, determination of cutaneous microrelief, count of comedones, evaluation of epidermis thickness, characterization of the cellular, and comedone size and its characteristics. These evaluations were done through biophysical and skin imaging techniques. The obtained results showed that different regions of the face presented different characteristics related to oiliness, quantity, and the appearance of pores and comedones. The malar region had a lower epidermis thickness and a larger number of large pores. Moreover, in this region excessive sebum production, which can be related to pores, not comedones, was noted. The nose region presented higher sebum content in the infundibulum and lower active sebaceous glands, showing a higher activity of sebaceous production in this region. The chin region presented a positive correlation between the sebum content, roughness parameter and the number of pores and comedones. As different skin properties are related and influence the appearance of undesirable clinical signs, we identified the need for a multifactorial approach for the effective treatment of oily skin. The rational development of multifunctional cosmetic products that promote the control of oily skin, that regulate the keratinization process, improve the microrelief and leads to a better epidermis and dermis structure, will not only improve oily skin conditions but will also allow for the reduction or disappearance of clinical signs that result from excessive oiliness, all of which causes concern and results in a relentless search for cosmetic and dermatological products that address the unaesthetic nature of these conditions.
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Antecedentes: en México la información acerca del grado de protección de los filtros solares no es fácilmente accesible por fuentes alternas a los fabricantes. Objetivo: evaluar el factor de protección solar (FPS) de 12 filtros solares comerciales para piel oleosa existentes en el mercado mexicano. Lugar de realización: Departamento de dermatología de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, México. Sujetos y métodos: se evaluaron 20 voluntarios sanos con fototipos II y IV. Se determinó el FPS de estos filtros solares utilizando las recomendaciones de la FDA indicadas en su monografía final. Resultados: el FPS obtenido mostró márgenes entre 7.8 y 26.9. Los valores del FPS determinados mediante simulación solar mostró valores de 22% a 74% menores al de la etiqueta. Conclusiones: advertimos del riesgo potencial que implica la sobreestimación del FPS debido a que ninguno de los filtros evaluados demostró la protección ofrecida. Es deseable una regulación más apropiada, porque los filtros solares se consideran cosméticos y no requieren estudios clínicos para verificar su eficacia antes de su comercialización.
Background: In Mexico, information regarding sunscreen protection is not widely accessible from sources other than manufacturers. Objective: To assess the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 12, over the counter sunscreens for oily or acne prone skin available in the Mexican market. Setting: Dermatology Department. Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Subjects and Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers of skin type III and IV were tested. Sunscreen SPFs were measured using solar simulated radiation according to FDA final monograph. Results: SPFs ranged between 7.8 and 26.9. Overall SPFs determined by solar simulator showed values between 22% to 74% less than the one advertised in their labels. Conclusions: We warn about the potential risk of SPF overestimation as many of the sunscreens tested did not comply with their offered protection. A proper regulation is needed because sunscreens are considered cosmetic products and do not require clinical tests to verify their efficacy before marketing.