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Background: This study aimed to investigate the neural mechanisms that differentiate mind-body practices from aerobic physical activities and elucidate their effects on cognition and healthy aging. We examined functional brain connectivity in older adults (age > 60) without pre-existing uncontrolled chronic diseases, comparing Tai Chi with Water Aerobics practitioners. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, case-control fMRI study involving two strictly matched groups (n = 32) based on gender, age, education, and years of practice. Seed-to-voxel analysis was performed using the Salience, and Frontoparietal Networks as seed regions in Stroop Word-Color and N-Back tasks and Resting State. Results: During Resting State condition and using Salience network as a seed, Tai Chi group exhibited a stronger correlation between Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Insular Cortex areas (regions related to interoceptive awareness, cognitive control and motor organization of subjective aspects of experience). In N-Back task and using Salience network as seed, Tai Chi group showed increased correlation between Left Supramarginal Gyrus and various cerebellar regions (related to memory, attention, cognitive processing, sensorimotor control and cognitive flexibility). In Stroop task, using Salience network as seed, Tai Chi group showed enhanced correlation between Left Rostral Prefrontal Cortex and Right Occipital Pole, and Right Lateral Occipital Cortex (areas associated with sustained attention, prospective memory, mediate attention between external stimuli and internal intention). Additionally, in Stroop task, using Frontoparietal network as seed, Water Aerobics group exhibited a stronger correlation between Left Posterior Parietal Lobe (specialized in word meaning, representing motor actions, motor planning directed to objects, and general perception) and different cerebellar regions (linked to object mirroring). Conclusion: Our study provides evidence of differences in functional connectivity between older adults who have received training in a mind-body practice (Tai Chi) or in an aerobic physical activity (Water Aerobics) when performing attentional and working memory tasks, as well as during resting state.

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En el panorama de la salud, el cuerpo humano, en su estado natural, se revela como una intrincada unidad que opera en armonía para mantener el equilibrio dinámico. Sin embargo, esta homeostasis puede verse afectada, dando lugar a la dualidad y a trastornos que comprometen la estabilidad vital. Este artículo propone una reflexión sobre la perspectiva homeopática, destacando su enfoque único en comparación con la medicina convencional. Diferenciándose al tratar al individuo como un todo integrado, la Homeopatía reconoce la transitoriedad de la dualidad representada por las enfermedades y enfatiza la importancia de la armonía entre el cuerpo y la mente en la búsqueda de la homeostasis. Inspirada en las ideas de Hahnemann, la Homeopatía se destaca por su visión holística, rechazando el dualismo estricto y proponiendo intervenciones que van más allá de la supresión de los síntomas. Anclada en la ley de los similares, busca sustancias que reproduzcan los síntomas del paciente en un estado saludable, buscando una cura profunda y la restauración de la unidad dinámica del organismo. A pesar de los desafíos, como la resistencia y la falta de métodos de investigación universalmente aceptados, la Homeopatía persiste a nivel mundial, sugiriendo un valor único. Este artículo promueve una reflexión sobre el enfoque homeopático, enfatizando su contribución a la comprensión de la salud y su papel en el panorama terapéutico.

n the landscape of health, the human body, in its natural state, reveals itself as an intricate unity, operating harmoniously to maintain dynamic balance. However, this homeostasis can be disrupted, leading to duality and disturbances that compromise vital stability. This article reflects on the homeopathic perspective, highlighting its unique approach compared to conventional medicine. Distinguishing itself by treating the individual as an integrated whole, homeopathy recognizes the transience of duality represented by diseases and emphasizes the importance of harmony between body and mind in the pursuit of homeostasis.Inspired by Hahnemann's ideas, homeopathy stands out for its holistic view, rejecting strict dualism and proposing interventions that go beyond symptom suppression. Anchored in the Law of Similars, it seeks substances that would reproduce the patient's symptoms in a healthy state, aiming for a profound cure and the restoration of the dynamic unity of the organism. Despite challenges, such as resistance and a lack of universally accepted research methods, homeopathy persists globally, suggesting unique value. This article encourages reflection on the homeopathic approach, emphasizing

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ABSTRACT Introduction The rationale of this case study was to evaluate a subject with anxiety and depression under treatment for anxiety and depression with significant bodily symptoms and physical illness, configuring also a psychosomatic condition. We investigated a new protocol of mind-body exercise (MBE) and its effects on the body-mind relationship through qualitative and quantitative analysis Case Report M.S., 47 years old, diagnosed with depression, anxiety, and several other illnesses and physical complaints, was submitted a weekly seven sessions of MBE. After that, anxiety, depression, and interoception were evaluated. Moreover, affect and arousal scales were administered after each session. Discussion Improvements were identified in all dimensions of interoception, with more pronounced results in not-distracting (pre: 4/ post: 0,25), emotional awareness (pre: 1,6/ post: 5), self-regulation (pre: 2,29/ post: 4,29) and trusting (pre: 0/ post: 4), in addition to reducing symptoms of depression (pre: 17/ post: 14) and anxiety (pre: 29/ post: 24) and increase for positive affect (pre:2,2 ± 3,0/post: 3,6 ± 1,7) e arousal (pre:4,5 ± 1,9/post: 5,9 ± 0,4). Conclusion We conclude that MBE improved interoceptive ability and reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression. Through these perceived and reported changes, the patient was able to learn to deal with stress and anxiety and self-regulate.

RESUMO Introdução A justificativa deste estudo de caso foi avaliar um sujeito com ansiedade e depressão em tratamento para ansiedade e depressão com sintomas corporais e doenças físicas significativas, configurando também um quadro psicossomático. Investigamos um novo protocolo de exercícios mente-corpo (MCE) e seus efeitos na relação corpo-mente por meio de análises qualitativas e quantitativas. Relato de caso M.S., 47 anos, com diagnóstico de depressão, ansiedade e diversas outras doenças e queixas físicas, foi submetido semanalmente sete sessões de MCE. Em seguida, foram avaliadas ansiedade, depressão e interocepção. Além disso, escalas de afeto e excitação foram administradas após cada sessão. Discussão Foram identificadas melhorias em todas as dimensões da interocepção, com resultados mais pronunciados na não distração (pré: 4/pós: 0,25), consciência emocional (pré: 1,6/pós: 5), autorregulação (pré : 2,29/pós: 4,29) e confiança (pré: 0/pós: 4), além de reduzir sintomas de depressão (pré: 17/pós: 14) e ansiedade (pré: 29/pós: 24) e aumento para afeto positivo (pré:2,2 ± 3,0/pós: 3,6 ± 1,7) e excitação (pré:4,5 ± 1,9/pós: 5,9 ± 0,4). Conclusão Concluímos que o MCE melhorou a capacidade interoceptiva e reduziu os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. Através dessas mudanças percebidas e relatadas, o paciente foi capaz de aprender a lidar com o estresse e a ansiedade e a se autorregular.

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Background: To mitigate against the possible adverse effects of stress among nurses due to the COVID-19 outbreak, we designed a 12-week mind-body based online intervention program to promote well-being and prevent stress-related disorders such as burnout. Our study aimed to compare the impact of the intervention on perception of stress, negative emotions, burnout, mindfulness, resilience, and well-being at pretest and 6 months post-intervention and to compare the effect among nurses working at two different hospitals. Methods: We conducted an uncontrolled trial using a convenience sample of nurses working at two hospitals in Mexico: one designated to treat confirmed COVID-19 patients (COVID-hospital) and the other whose patients had a negative COVID-19 test on admission (Non COVID-hospital). The 12 week online intervention consisted of 36 mind-body based micropractices, with subjective well-being as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were health perception, resilience, mindfulness, negative emotions, stress, and burnout. Results: A pretest survey was completed by 643 nurses. Of the remaining valid responses, 82% were women, with a mean age of 34.8 (SD = 8.95) years old. For the analysis two groups of nurses were sampled by cluster: a COVID-hospital group of 429 (67%) nurses, and a non-COVID Hospital group of 214 (33%) nurses. The proportion lost to follow-up was 71% at postest (n = 188) and 42% at 6 months follow-up (n = 371). At pretest, non-COVID hospital nurses had lower subjective well-being and higher burnout than their COVID hospital counterparts. At postest, non-COVID hospital nurses displayed more negative emotions than their COVID hospital peers. At 6 months post-intervention, nurses experienced improved mindfulness, reduced negative emotions and stress, but a decrease in subjective well-being and resilience. Nurses working at the non-COVID hospital had significantly higher mean scores for burnout than those working at the COVID hospital. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that our online mind-body interventions can help to reduce stress and negative emotions, yet the effects on subjective well-being and resilience are uncertain. Further research is needed to gain a better understanding of their potential mechanisms and the associated efforts of such online interventions. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05515172.

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BACKGROUND: There is a global agreement in the medical community that a significant proportion of dementia cases could be prevented or postponed. One of the factors behind this agreement comes from scientific evidence showing that mind-body interventions such as mindfulness and yoga for the elderly have been related to a range of positive outcomes, including improved cognition performance in seniors with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a yoga-based mindfulness intervention (YBM) versus psychoeducational sessions for older adults with MCI attending Hospital Clinic Universidad de Chile in Santiago. METHOD: Two-arm, individually randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be carried out at Clinical Hospital Universidad de Chile in Santiago. Older people over 60 years with any type of MCI using a score < 21 in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and a score of 0.05 in the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale; and with preserved activities of daily living will be randomly assigned with an allocation ratio of 1:1 in either the yoga-based mindfulness intervention or the active control group based on the psycho-educational program. People who have performed yoga and/or mindfulness in the last 6 months or/and people with a psychiatric clinical diagnosis will be excluded from the study. Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), the Barthel Index (BI), the Pemberton happiness index, the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) as well as the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-5) will be administered by blinded outcomes assessors before random assignment (Pre-test), the week following the last session of the intervention (post-test), and then after 3- and 6-months follow-up. RESULTS: The YBM intervention protocol based on a video recording has been adapted and designed. This is the first RCT to examine the effects of a yoga-based mindfulness intervention in improving cognitive and physical functions and mental health outcomes for Chilean elderly diagnosed with MCI. It is expected to be implemented as an acceptable and effective non-pharmacological option for older people with MCI. CONCLUSION: Providing evidence-based programs such as preventive therapy for Alzheimer's disease has relevant implications for public mental health services in Chile.

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Recientes investigaciones provenientes de diversos campos emergentes como la psiconeu-roinmunología, la medicina integrativa o la pigenética han dado cuenta de la estrecha vinculación entre los estados emocionales y la salud. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia de una intervención basada en la realización de prácticas de integración cuerpo-mente sobre la regulación emocional. Materiales y métodos: en 102 participantes, de entre 34 y 65 años de edad, se analizaron cambios en la Escala de Afectividad Positiva y Negativa (panas), antes y después de participar en la intervención propuesta, que se realizó durante ocho encuentros de seis horas de duración cada uno, a lo largo de cuatro meses. Resultados: se encontró un aumento en la afectividad positiva y una disminución en la afectividad negativa luego de la intervención. El índice de afectividad (i. e. afectividad positiva/afectividad negativa) se incrementó de una relación 2:1 a una relación 3:1. Esta última proporción ha sido asociada con estados saludables. Conclusiones: el estudio contribuye a demostrar el beneficio que brindan las prácticas de integración cuerpo-mente en la regulación emocional y la afectividad positiva. Esto podría propiciar un mayor bienestar psicofísico individual y colectivo.

Recent research from various emerging fields, such as psychoneuroimmunology, integra-tive medicine, and epigenetics, showed a close link between emotional states and health. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention based on mind­body integration practices in emotional regulation. Materials and Methods: We evaluated changes in the positive and negative affectivity scale in 102 participants before and after the intervention, which was performed during eight meetings lasting 6 h each, for 4 months. Results: An increase in positive affectivity and a decrease in negative affectivity were found after the intervention. The affectivity index (i.e., positive affectivity/negative affectivity) increased from a 2:1 ratio to a 3:1 ratio. This latter ratio has been associated with healthy states. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that mind­body integration practices can confer to emotional regulation and positive affectivity. These beneficial effects could improve psychophysical well-being at both the individual and collective levels.

pesquisas recentes provenientes de vários campos emergentes, como a psiconeuroimuno-logia, medicina integrativa e epigenética, mostram a estreita ligação entre os estados emocionais e a saúde. O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a eficácia de uma intervenção baseada na realização de práticas de integração corpo-mente, na regulação emocional. Materiais e métodos: em 102 participantes, entre 34 e 65 anos, foram analisadas as mudanças na escala de afetividade positiva e negativa (panas) antes e após a participação na intervenção proposta, que foi realizada durante 8 encontros de 6 horas de duração cada, durante 4 meses. Resultados: houve um aumento da afetividade positiva e diminuição da afetividade negativa após a intervenção. O índice de afetividade (ou seja, afetividade positiva/afetivi-dade negativa) aumentou, passando de uma relação de 2:1 para uma relação de 3:1, esta última propor-ção tem sido associada a estados saudáveis. Conclusões: o presente estudo contribui para demonstrar o benefício proporcionado pelas práticas de integração corpo-mente na regulação emocional e na afetivi-dade positiva. Isso poderia propiciar um maior bem-estar psicofísico a nível individual e coletivo.

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This study aimed to describe yoga practice and verify its association with depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among Brazilian practitioners. A cross-sectional anonymous online survey was conducted in all regions of Brazil using a snowball sampling strategy among yoga practitioners. A total of 860 participants (87% female, aged: 19-82 years) completed the survey. Sociodemographic data, lifestyle factors, yoga practice during the pandemic, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) scores were collected between July 9 and July 15, 2021. Overall, 9.5%, 9.3%, and 5.6% of participants exhibited some traits (mild to severe) of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Hatha yoga (48%) was the most commonly practiced yoga style. In the adjusted analysis, a higher yoga experience (> 5 years) was associated with better anxiety (odds ratio; bootstrap 95% confidence interval: 2.42; 1.32, 4.49) and stress status (1.80; 1.06, 3.00) than beginners (< 1 year). Practitioners who reported higher time and days of yoga practice during the study period were more likely to show normal levels of depression (odds ratio: 2.56-6.49; p â€‹< â€‹0.05), anxiety (odds ratio: 3.68-8.84; p â€‹< â€‹0.05), and stress (odds ratio: 2.15-5.21; p â€‹< â€‹0.05). Moreover, the maintenance of practice frequency during the pandemic was associated with higher odds of normal levels of depression (2.27; 1.39-3.79), anxiety (1.97; 1.25-3.10), and stress (1.97; 1.32-2.96). In conclusion, our findings indicated that a higher level of yoga practice was associated with better mental health levels during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality of the reporting of exercise interventions with Pilates method for the treatment of lower back pain (LBP) in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two independent evaluators selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of moderate and high methodological quality included in a Cochrane Systematic Review (SR) and from an additional updated search in the following databases: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro and SPORTDiscus. Three assessment tools (Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise Training (CONTENT) scale, Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) checklist) were utilized by three pairs of two independent researchers trained. The scales' concordance was measured using the Kappa coefficient. RESULTS: Ten RCTs were included. The CONTENT scale score was 5.3 (± 1.33) out of 9 points; the TIDieR checklist was 8.5 (± 1.71) out of 12 points and the CERT checklist was 9.5 (± 3.62) out of 19 points. The CONTENT and CERT had moderate concordance, while there was fair concordance between the other tools. CONCLUSIONS: The overall reporting quality for the Pilates exercises in ten moderate-to-high quality RTCs for the management of LBP was low according to CONTENT scale and CERT checklist and high according to TIDieR checklist.Implications for RehabilitationReporting of Pilates exercise program in moderate-to-high quality RCTs for the management of lower back pain remains incomplete.Pilates exercise program should be personalized and contextualized to individual participants.There may be a need to consider adding to or combining the information available from various trials.

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O artigo objetiva apresentar as reflexões que resultaram de uma pesquisa sobreo que ocorre biopsicologicamente com o ser humano na busca de autorregulação do organismo (corpo/mente). As seções do artigo destacam as contribuições de Friederich (Fritz) Salomon Perls, Daniel Goleman, Daniel Kahneman e outros autoresà elucidação dos processos envolvidos na regulação entre o organismo e o meio, sempre com um viés de defesa da indissolubilidade corpo/mente. Por fim, o texto infere que um organismo saudável é aquele que se experimenta como um todo integrado e se autorregula em relação ao ambiente ao dar-se conta, de forma holística, da figura que emerge no aqui e agora.

The article aims to present the results from a research about what biological and psychological processes occurs in the human being during the organismic (body/mind) self-regulation. The sections of the article highlight the contributions of Friederich (Fritz) Salomon Perls, Daniel Goleman, Daniel Kahneman and other authors to elucidate the processes involved in the regulation between the organism and the environment. Every conclusion is taken always with a bias towards the defense of the body/mind indissolubility. Finally, the text infers that a healthy organism can get an integrated experience as of self-regulation with the environment in the here-and-now.

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The focus of this article is the mind-body problem in mainstream modern psychology examined from a decolonial perspective. The construction of the idea of the separation of mind and body is a seminal point of division of labor in the history of modern capitalism. This division perpetuated by the mind-body dualism idea was necessary to justify the enslavement of some and employment to others. Colonization processes have had profound importance on the mind, feelings, behaviors, and political settings. Throughout its history, the subject treated in EuroAmerican psychology has sought to deal with the mind-body problem as an individual, a separate entity, not as part of the psyche as a whole. A new perspective where the mind and body play an intertwined role is necessary considering subjectivity in a cultural-historical approach. The subjective level is defined by the unification between symbolical and emotional cultural processes. The body (emotions) operates in conjunction with the culture and, when amalgamated, constitutes what we entitle as subjectivity. An ontology defines the assumptions that lie under a cosmovision and sustains a way of seeing, feeling, thinking, and acting with oneself, others, and the whole living world. It is what defines the real. The trajectory of this paper is an invitation to shed light from a decolonial perspective on social inequality concerning the present crises of humanity. The consequences of social inequality expressed today indicate the difficulties created by the dichotomy of mind and body.

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O debate sobre a relação mente-corpo, um dos maiores problemas filosóficos existentes, perpassa outras áreas do conhecimento. Do ponto de vista da prática psicoterápica, o atendimento a pacientes com doenças orgânicas contribuiu para o surgimento do campo da psicossomática. Inicialmente, esse artigo visa apresentar os principais conceitos das Escolas de Psicossomática de Chicago e Paris, as mais relevantes no Ocidente. Como resposta a essas visões, consideradas reducionistas e exageradamente intrapsíquicas, serão apresentados estudos sobre o vínculo humano. A partir de tal descrição emergirá uma proposta de compreensão teórica do fenômeno psicossomático tomando como matriz as considerações conceituais de Danilo Perestrello e Abram Eksterman, psicanalistas brasileiros, cujo ponto nodal é o entendimento da doença somática em sua dimensão antropogênica. As ideias contidas nesse pensamento serão a base para a noção de adoecimento somático enquanto resposta às dificuldades presentes no campo relacional.

The debate about the mind-body relationship, one of the greatest philosophical problems, permeates other areas of knowledge. From the point of view of psychotherapeutic practice, care for patients with organic diseases contributed to the emergence of the psychosomatic field. Initially, this article aims to present the main concepts of Chicago and Paris Psychosomatic Schools, the most relevant in the West. In response to these views, considered reductionist and exaggeratedly intrapsychic, studies on the human bond will be presented. From this description, a theoretical proposal to understand the psychosomatic phenomenon will emerge, taking as matrix the conceptual considerations of Danilo Perestrello and Abram Eksterman, Brazilian psychoanalysts, whose nodal point is the understanding of somatic disease in its anthropogenic dimension. The ideas contained in this thought will be the basis for the notion of somatic illness as an answer to the relational field difficulties.

La relación mente-cuerpo, uno de los mayores problemas filosóficos existentes, impregna otras áreas del conocimiento. Desde la práctica psicoterapéutica, el cuidado de los pacientes con enfermedades orgánicas ha contribuido a la aparición del campo psicosomático. Inicialmente, este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los principales conceptos de las Escuelas de Psicosomática de Chicago y París, las más relevantes en Occidente. En respuesta a estos puntos de vista, reduccionistas y exageradamente intrapsíquicos, se presentarán estudios sobre el vínculo humano. De esta descripción surgirá una propuesta teórica para comprender el fenómeno psicosomático tomando como matriz las consideraciones conceptuales de Danilo Perestrello y Abram Eksterman, psicoanalistas brasileños, cuyo punto nodal es la comprensión de la enfermedad somática en su dimensión antropogénica. Las ideas contenidas en este pensamiento serán la base de la noción de enfermedad somática como respuesta a las dificultades del campo relacional.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease with higher prevalence among women aged between 30 and 50 years and general prevalence of 1% worldwide. Interventions promoting improvement of quality of life for individuals with RA are required. Tai Chi appears to be a low-cost alternative, with studies showing positive results from this technique. However, regarding aspects of RA such as pain and sensitivity, studies remain inconclusive. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of the Tai Chi method for treating patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, among systematic reviews. DESIGN AND SETTING: Overview of systematic reviews with Cochrane and non-Cochrane methodology. METHODS: Systematic reviews involving quasi-randomized and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on use of Tai Chi, with no restrictions regarding the date and language of publication, were included. RESULTS: Three systematic reviews were included. The effects of Tai Chi associated with education and stretching exercises versus education and stretching were evaluated in these reviews. They showed that improvements in the variables of mood, depression and functional index were associated with use of Tai Chi. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that clinical improvement was achieved, although not statistically significant with regard to pain and disease pattern, as assessed using the ACR20 measurement. Improvements relating to disability and quality of life were also seen. There was a low level of evidence and therefore caution in data analysis is recommended. The three studies included showed poor reliability for providing an accurate and complete summary of use of Tai Chi among people diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. PROSPERO: CRD42019125501.

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Background: The mind-body therapies of traditional Chinese medicine include several intervention types and combine physical poses with conscious relaxation and breathing techniques. The purpose of this Evidence Map is to describe these different interventions and report related health outcomes. Methods: This evidence map is based on the 3iE Evidence Gap Map methodology. We searched seven electronic databases (BVS, PUBMED, EMBASE, PEDro, ScienceDirect, Web of Sciences, and PschyInfo) from inception to November 2019 and included systematic reviews only. Systematic reviews were analyzed based on AMSTAR 2. We used Tableau to graphically display quality assessment, the number of reviews, outcomes, and effects. Results: The map is based on 116 systematic reviews and 44 meta-analyses. Most of the reviews were published in the last 5 years. The most researched interventions were Tai Chi and Qi Gong. The reviews presented the following quality assessment: 80 high, 43 moderate, 23 low, and 14 critically low. Every 680 distinct outcome effect was classified: 421 as potential positive; 237 as positive; 21 as inconclusive/mixed; one potential negative and none no effect. Positive effects were related to chronic diseases; mental indicators and disorders; vitality, well-being, and quality of life. Potential positive effects were related to balance, mobility, Parkinson's disease, hypertension, joint pain, cognitive performance, and sleep quality. Inconclusive/mixed-effects justify further research, especially in the following areas: Acupressure as Shiatsu and Tuiná for nausea and vomiting; Tai Chi and Qi Gong for acute diseases, prevention of stroke, stroke risk factors, and schizophrenia. Conclusions: The mind-body therapies from traditional Chinese medicine have been applied in different areas and this Evidence Map provides a visualization of valuable information for patients, professionals, and policymakers, to promote evidence-based complementary therapies.

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As práticas corporais são parte significativa da formação e dos recursos terapêuticos utilizados por terapeutas ocupacionais. Sua aprendizagem implica na compreensão e experimentação da aplicação de diferentes técnicas, bem como do entendimento das diversas dimensões e relações destas com o corpo. Assim, o ensino das práticas corporais na pandemia por covid-19 trouxe desafios e aprendizados. Objetivo: Refletir sobre o ensino remoto ministrado na disciplina de Terapia Ocupacional e as Práticas Corporais II no Curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade de São Paulo, campus capital. Método: Relato de experiência do ensino remoto desta disciplina no período da pandemia por Covid-19. Resultados: Identificou-se o aprendizado dos conteúdos, dos métodos e sua aplicação supervisionada em familiares/amigos dos estudantes, ainda que o ensino remoto de práticas corporais esteja longe do ideal. A maioria dos estudantes avaliou positivamente a oferta da disciplina valorizando as ferramentas digitais e estratégias para aprender a cuidar de si e do outro. Porém, foram evidenciadas desigualdades de acesso ao ensino remoto e às condições de moradia para participação na disciplina. Conclusão: Ainda que a disciplina tenha atingido seus objetivos possibilitando espaços de cuidado essenciais no período de pandemia constatou-se perdas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem

Body practices are a significant part of training and important therapeutic resources used by occupational therapists. In order for these practices to be learned, it is necessary to understand the application of the different techniques and the different dimensions and relationships of these with the body. Thus, the teaching of body practices in the context of the pandemic has brought challenges and learnings. Objective: To reflect on remote teaching during the discipline of Occupational Therapy and Body Practices II in the Occupational Therapy Course at the University of São Paulo, capital campus. Method: Experience report of remote teaching of the discipline during the Covid-19 pandemic period. Results: Students learned content, methods and applied them under supervision to their family/friends, but the remote teaching of body practices is far from expected. Most students evaluated the offer of the discipline as positive, specialy the use of digital tools and strategies to learn to take care of themselves and the others. However, there were inequalities in access to remote teaching and housing conditions for participation in the discipline. Conclusion: Although the discipline has achieved its objectives, allowing spaces for care in the pandemic period, there were losses in the teaching and learning process.

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Background and Objective: The study of music therapy in labor is unknown. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy to manage pain and anxiety during labor. Materials and Methods: A search strategy was used with PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane, TRIPDATABASE, and Google Scholar. The selection criteria were based on randomized clinical trials; quasi-experimental research on pain intensity and anxiety during labor was evaluated. The primary outcomes were measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). A meta-analysis of the fixed effects was performed using mean differences (MD). Twelve studies were included for the final analysis, six (778 women) of which were meta-analyzed. Results: Decreased VAS scores for pain intensity associated with music therapy were found in the latent (MD: -0.73; 95% CI -0.99; -0.48) and active (MD: -0.68; 95% CI -0.92; -0.44) phases of labor. VAS scores for anxiety decreased both in the latent (MD: -0.74; 95% CI -1.00; -0.48) and active (MD: -0.76; 95% CI -0.88; -0.64) phases. Conclusion: Music therapy seems to have beneficial effects on pain intensity and anxiety during labor, especially for women giving birth for the first time. However, the evidence is qualified as low.

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It is known that studies about the dynamic mind-body aim at a better comprehension of the human being. According to the medical-scientific logic, some approaches dichotomize that interaction, relegating the term to cases of illnesses with no evident etiology. The psychosomatic approach proposes a holistic perspective on the individual, beyond the cure of physical symptoms. An integrative review on the comprehended psychosomatic was realized, in the paradigm of analytical psychology (AP). The search resulted in 44 articles that compounded theoretic-clinical discussion and/or empirical research about the object of study. Publications included philosophical and epistemological matters in psychosomatic, analysis of specific clinical cases, and possibilities of psychotherapeutic intervention. AP classic and developmental approaches are emphasized, and the main concepts found to comprehend the illness were psychic energy, teleology, synchronicity, and ego-self development. It was observed a higher concentration of articles with theoretical analysis illustrated with clinical vignettes and presentation of psychotherapeutic intervention proposals aiming to comprise the demands of the singular process in the dynamic between health and disease.

Estudos sobre a dinâmica mente-corpo visam à melhor compreensão sobre o ser humano. Há vertentes que dicotomizam tal interação, relegando o termo aos quadros de adoecimentos sem etiologia evidente conforme a lógica médico-científica. A abordagem psicossomática propõe perspectiva holística sobre o indivíduo, para além da cura do sintoma físico. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da psicossomática compreendida no paradigma da Psicologia Analítica (PA). A busca resultou em 44 artigos que compunham discussão teórico-clínica e/ou pesquisa empírica sobre o objeto de estudo. As publicações abrangiam questões filosóficas e epistemológicas em psicossomática, análise sobre casos clínicos específicos e possibilidades de intervenção psicoterapêutica. Ressaltam-se as vertentes clássica e desenvolvimentista da PA, e os principais conceitos encontrados para compreender o adoecimento foram energia psíquica, teleologia, sincronicidade e desenvolvimento do ego-Self. Observou-se maior concentração de artigos com análise teórica ilustrados com vinhetas clínicas e apresentação de propostas de intervenção psicoterapêutica visando compreender a demanda do processo singular na dinâmica entre saúde e doença.

Los estudios sobre la dinámica mente-cuerpo visan mejor comprensión sobre el ser humano. Hay vertientes que dicotomizan tal interacción, relegando el término a los casos de enfermedades sin etiología evidente conforme a la lógica médico-científica. El abordaje psicosomático propone perspectiva holística, además de la cura del síntoma físico. Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la psicosomática en el paradigma de la Psicología Analítica (PA). La búsqueda resultó en 44 artículos que componían discusión teórico-clínica y/o investigación empírica. Las publicaciones abarcaban cuestiones filosóficas y epistemológicas en psicosomática, análisis sobre casos clínicos específicos y posibilidades de intervención psicoterapéutica. Se resaltan las vertientes clásica y desarrollista de la PA, y los principales conceptos encontrados para comprender la enfermedad fueron energía psíquica, teleología, sincronicidad y ego-Self desarrollo. Se observó una mayor concentración de artículos con análisis teórico ilustrados con viñetas clínicas y presentación de propuestas de intervención psicoterapéutica destinadas a comprender las demandas del proceso singular en la dinámica entre salud y enfermedad.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Reiki (as well as the effectiveness of Physical Activities) on relatively healthy individuals (not hospital patients), members of a sample of 338 volunteers, and to confirm whether practicing Reiki contributes to psycho-emotional stabilization, having a beneficial impact on mood and emotional wellbeing. For the first time, a positive confirmation of Reiki was carried out in Ukraine. The respondents were divided into two main groups: non-Reikists (individuals who did not practice Reiki) and Reikists (individuals who practiced or taught Reiki). It was found that, in comparison with non-Reikists, the results obtained by Reikists were twice as good, showing higher levels of emotional comfort, less anxiety/dissatisfaction, and more optimism, energy and self-confidence. At that, senior pupils and university students of psychology performed worse. This study confirms that the practice of Reiki is a quickly healing, stimulating, long-term, and cost-effective technique, positively influencing to positive well-being, mood and psychosomatic responses.

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a eficácia do Reiki (assim como da atividade física) para pessoas relativamente saudáveis (não pacientes hospitalares) numa amostra de 338 participantes e confirmar que a prática do Reiki contribui para a estabilização psicoemocional, tem um efeito benéfico no humor e bem-estar. Pela primeira vez, uma confirmação positiva do Reiki foi realizada na Ucrânia. Os entrevistados foram divididos em dois grupos principais: não Reikistas (que não praticavam Reiki) e Reikistas (que praticavam ou ensinavam métodos de Reiki a outros). Foi descoberto que, sendo comparados aos não-Reikistas, os resultados dos Reikistas foram duas vezes melhores, revelando um nível mais altodo conforto emocional, menos ansiedade/insatisfação e mais otimismo, energia e autoconfiança. Ao mesmo tempo, alunos dos últimos anos de escolaridade assim como estudantes de especialidades psicológicas apresentaram os piores resultados. Este estudo confirma que a prática de Reiki é um método de recuperação rápida, estimulante, de longo prazo e economicamente eficaz que tem influência positiva no bem-estar, o humor e o estado psicossomático de uma pessoa.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the psychodynamics of three mother-infant pairs with reflux diagnosis and two with colic diagnosis and their possible relation to the referred psychosomatic disorders. Qualitative exploratory study in which the sample was composed after signing the informed consent form. Instruments: semi-directed interview, seven boards of the Thematic Apperception Test and Naturalistic Observation. Content analysis of the interviews and TAT boards was performed and the way the mother perceived the productions of the baby was considered from naturalistic observation. These analyses supported psychodynamic interpretations of the functioning of the dyads studied. As main results, the reflux group highlights the need for maternal support and the presence of maternal ambivalence. In mother-infant pairs with colic, there is anxiety regarding their own ability to care for their child. In both groups, there is environmental influence on the way mothers feel about sufficiently good mothering.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a psicodinâmica de três pares mãe-bebê com diagnóstico de refluxo e dois com diagnóstico de cólica e sua possível relação com as referidas desordens psicossomáticas. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo e exploratório cuja a amostra foi composta após assinatura do termo de consentimento. Instrumentos: entrevista semi-dirigida, sete pranchas do Teste de Apercepção Temática (TAT) e Observação Naturalista. Procedeu-se análise de conteúdo das entrevistas e das pranchas do TAT e, da observação naturalista, valorizou-se principalmente a maneira como a mãe percebeu as produções do bebê. Estas análises respaldaram interpretações psicodinâmicas do funcionamento das díades estudadas. Como principais resultados, destaca-se no grupo refluxo a necessidade de apoio para maternar e presença de ambivalência materna. Já nos pares mães-bebês com cólica, há ansiedade frente à própria capacidade de cuidar do filho. Nos dois grupos, há influência ambiental na maneira como as mães se sentem no exercício da maternagem suficientemente boa.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la psicodinámica de 3 parejas madre-bebé con diagnóstico de reflujo y 2 con cólico y la posible relación de estos síntomas con trastornos psicosomáticos. El estudio es cualitativo y exploratorio. La muestra se compuso después de que los participantes firmaron el formulario de consentimiento. Instrumentos: entrevista semidirigida, 7 láminas del Test de Apercepción Temática y observación naturalista. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de las entrevistas y de las láminas del TAT y, a partir de la observación naturalista, se valoró la forma en que la madre percibió las producciones del bebé. Estos análisis respaldaron interpretaciones psicodinámicas del funcionamiento de las díadas estudiadas. Como resultados principales, en el grupo reflujo se destacan la necesidad de apoyo a la madre y la presencia de ambivalencia materna. En las parejas madre-bebé con cólico, se percibe ansiedad con respecto a la capacidad para cuidar al niño. En ambos grupos, hubo influencia ambiental en los sentimientos de las madres sobre el buen ejercicio de la maternidad.

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BACKGROUND: Although the availability and use of mobile mental health apps has grown exponentially in recent years, little data are available regarding their efficacy. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an app developed to promote stress management and well-being among working women compared with a control app. METHODS: Female employees at a private hospital were invited to participate in the study via mailing lists and intranet ads. A total of 653 individuals self-enrolled through the website. Eligible participants were randomized between control (n=240) and intervention (n=250) groups. The well-being mobile app provides an 8-week program with 4 classes per week (including a brief theoretical portion and a 15-min guided practice). The active control app also provided 4 assessments per week that encouraged participants to self-observe how they were feeling for 20 min. We also used the app to conduct Web-based questionnaires (10-item Perceived Stress Scale and 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index) and ask specific questions to assess subjective levels of stress and well-being at baseline (t1), midintervention (t4=4 weeks after t1) and postintervention (t8=8 weeks after t1). Both apps were fully automated without any human involvement. Outcomes from the control and intervention conditions at the 3 time points were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Among the randomized participants (n=490), 185 participants were excluded at the 4-week follow-up and another 79 at the 8-week follow-up because of noncompliance with the experimental protocol. Participants who did not complete t4 and t8 assessments were equally distributed between groups (t4: control group=34.6% [83/240] and intervention group=40.8% [102/250]; P=.16; t8: control group=29.9% [47/157] and intervention group=21.6% [32/148]; P=.10). Both groups showed a significant increase in general well-being as a function of time (F2,426=5.27; P=.006), but only the intervention group presented a significant increase in work-related well-being (F2,426=8.92; P<.001), as well as a significant reduction in work-related and overall stress (F2,426=5.50; P=.004 and F2,426=8.59; P<.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The well-being mobile app was effective in reducing employee stress and improving well-being. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02637414; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02637414.

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SUMMARY The term meditation can be used in many different ways, according to the technique to which it refers. Transcendental Meditation (MT) is one of these techniques. TM could serve as a model for research on spiritual meditation, unlike the meditation techniques based on secular knowledge. The purpose of the present study is to conduct a bibliographic review to organize scientific evidence on the effects of TM on neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and cognitive and behavioral aspects of its practitioners. To conduct this critical narrative review of the literature, we searched for scientific papers on the PubMed database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The keywords used in the search were Transcendental Meditation, Neuroscience of meditation e Meditation and behavior. We selected 21 papers that analyzed different aspects that could be altered through meditation practice. We concluded that TM has positive and significant documentable neurochemical, neurophysiological, and cognitive-behavioral effects. Among the main effects are the reduction of anxiety and stress (due to the reduction of cortisol and norepinephrine levels), increase of the feeling of pleasure and well-being (due to the increase of the synthesis and release of dopamine and serotonin), and influence on memory recall and possible consolidation. Further studies are needed using creative and innovative methodological designs that analyze different neural circuitry and verify the clinical impact on practitioners.

RESUMO O termo meditação pode ser utilizado de diversas formas, de acordo com a técnica a que se refere. A meditação transcendental (MT) é uma dessas técnicas meditativas. A MT pode ser um modelo para pesquisas de meditação espiritual, diferentemente de técnicas de meditação baseadas em uma compreensão secular. O presente estudo objetiva realizar uma revisão bibliográfica para organizar as evidências científicas sobre os efeitos da MT sobre a neurofisiologia, neuroquímica e aspectos cognitivos e comportamentais dos seus praticantes. Para a realização desta revisão narrativa crítica da literatura, foi realizado um levantamento dos artigos científicos presentes na base de dados PubMed do National Center for Biotechnology Information. As palavras-chave utilizadas na busca foram Transcendental Meditation, Neuroscience of meditation e Meditation and behavior. Foram selecionados 21 artigos que analisavam diferentes aspectos que poderiam ser alterados pela prática meditativa. Conclui-se que a MT produz efeitos neuroquímicos, neurofisiológicos e cognitivo-comportamentais documentáveis em seus praticantes, de caráter positivo e significativo. Entre os principais efeitos estão a diminuição da ansiedade e do estresse (via diminuição nos níveis de cortisol e noradrenalina), aumento na sensação de prazer e bem-estar (em decorrência ao aumento na síntese e liberação de dopamina e serotonina) e influência na evocação e possível consolidação da memória. São necessários mais estudos utilizando desenhos metodológicos inovadores e criativos, analisando diferentes circuitos neurais e verificando o impacto clínico sobre os praticantes.

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