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Tobacco use is associated with diseases worldwide, including cancer. This is one of the major public health problems globally, causing more than 19 million new cases in 2020. Lip and oral cavity cancer (LOCC) is neoplastic growth in the tongue, gums, and lips. The objective of this ecological study was to quantify the strength of the association between incidence and mortality of LOCC, with tobacco use and with the Human Development Index (HDI). Incidence and mortality data on LOCC were obtained for 172 countries in 2020, from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN). The prevalence of tobacco smoking and chewing was obtained from reports conducted in 2019. The inequality in human development was estimated using the HDI from the United Nations Development Program, Human Development Report (2019). Statistically significant correlations were observed between the incidence of LOCC and tobacco smoking and chewing prevalence, except for negative correlations between the prevalence of tobacco smoking LOCC mortality in women, just as in the case of the HDI. No statistically significant differences were found between the prevalence of tobacco chewing only and the incidence of LOCC overall and by sex. A higher LOCC incidence overall and by sex was associated with higher HDI. In conclusion, the present study found positive correlations for various HDI socioeconomic indicators and tobacco use with the incidence and mortality of LOCC, but also a few inverse correlations.
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OBJECTIVES: Obtaining robust evidence about the local mortality levels, trends and impact of oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancer, especially for women, is imperative in the fight against cancer. This descriptive retrospective ecological time-series study explored trends in oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancer mortality rates for women in Brazil from 1980 to 2018, by geographic region and anatomical location. METHODS: The crude and age-adjusted annual mortality rates were obtained by sex, anatomical location and macro-regions of Brazil. The number of deaths from oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancers in Brazil was based on official population counts and estimates. The annual percentage change was calculated based on age-adjusted rates. Data set were analysed using the Joinpoint Regression program. RESULTS: A total of 81,918 individuals died of oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancer between 1980 and 2018 in Brazil. The age-adjusted mortality rate for women was 0.47 and 0.57 per 100,000 in 1980 and 2018, respectively. The cumulative female mortality rates standardized by age were 0.01/100,000 for lip cancer and 0.5/100,000 for oral cavity and base of tongue cancers. A decrease in deaths related to oral cavity and base of tongue cancers was identified in the 1980s; however, over the last two decades, there has been an increase in the number of deaths of women with cancer at the base of tongue and neighbouring areas and on the floor of mouth. Importantly, Brazilian regions showed wide variability in trends of oral cavity, base of tongue and lip cancers rate and, in 2018, the regions with the highest rates were the Southeast, South and Northeast for both sexes and specifically for women. The North region showed the greatest recent significant upward trend. CONCLUSIONS: During the last 38 years, Brazil has shown a significant increase in the trend of the mortality rate due to oral cavity/base of tongue and lip cancers in women. Preventive strategies with control of risk factors should be strongly emphasized in order to improve the survival rates of individuals with oral cavity/base of tongue and lip cancers.
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Neoplasias Labiais , Neoplasias da Língua , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias Labiais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Língua/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Língua , Incidência , MortalidadeRESUMO
Fundamento: un análisis de la tendencia al cambio en la mortalidad del cáncer de labio, cavidad bucal y faringe y la cuantificación del impacto sobre la esperanza de vida en la población cubana puede ayudar a los investigadores y a los responsables de la formulación de políticas de Salud Pública a tener una visión integral de este problema. Objetivo: estimar la carga por mortalidad de cáncer de labio, cavidad bucal y faringe, por sexo, en Cuba en el período comprendido de 2005- 2020. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal en el que se utilizaron series de datos quinquenales. El universo estuvo conformado por todas las muertes por cáncer de labio, cavidad bucal y faringe para los años estudiados. Se utilizó, para cada año y causas, el número de defunciones, se calcularon tasas por 100 000 habitantes y los años de vida potencialmente perdidos por mortalidad. Se calculó, el promedio y se estimó del cambio porcentual anual. Resultados: las tasas de mortalidad fueron entre 7,62 y 12,23 en hombres y 2,60 y 3,74 en mujeres, por 100 000 habitantes. En cuanto a los años de vida dejados de vivir temparanamente, por cáncer de labio, cavidad bucal y faringe se observó que en hombres las tasas asciendieron de 131 en el 2005 a 169 en el 2020 y de 40 a 52 en las mujeres. Concluciones: la carga por cáncer de labio, cavidad bucal y faringe en Cuba ha aumentado, fue superior en hombres, la tendencia es creciente en ambos sexos, por cáncer nasofaríngeo tanto hombres como mujeres fallecieron a edades más tempranas que, por otras localizaciones estudiadas, el cambio porcentual fue superior por cáncer faríngeo.
Background: an analysis of the trend of change in the mortality of cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx and the quantification of the impact on life expectancy in the Cuban population can help researchers and those responsible for formulating health policies. Public to have a comprehensive view of this problem. Objective: to estimate the mortality burden of cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx, by sex, in Cuba in the period 2005-2020. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in which five-year data series were used. The universe was made up of all deaths from cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx for the years studied. For each year and causes, the number of deaths was used; rates per 100,000 inhabitants and the years of life potentially lost due to mortality were calculated. The average was calculated and the annual percentage change was estimated. Results: mortality rates were between 7.62 and 12.23 in men and 2.60 and 3.74 in women, per 100,000 inhabitants. Regarding the years of life lost early, due to cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx, it was observed that in men the rates rose from 131 in 2005 to 169 in 2020 and from 40 to 52 in women. Conclusions: the burden of cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx in Cuba has increased, it was higher in men, the trend is growing in both sexes, both men and women died at younger ages due to nasopharyngeal cancer than, due to other locations studied, the percentage change was higher for pharyngeal cancer.
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RESUMEN El trabajo constituye un análisis de los diferentes factores que interfieren en el diagnóstico precoz del cáncer de labio en la población de Camagüey. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, desde la perspectiva del enfoque Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad, que incluyó a todos los pacientes diagnosticados con la enfermedad en el período comprendido de enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2020.Se describen los factores socio ambientales que juegan el papel más importante en el origen de las neoplasias de labio que pueden ser modificados desde la comunidad.
ABSTRACT The work constitutes an analysis of the different factors that interfere in the early diagnosis of lip cancer in the population of Camagüey. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, from the perspective of the Science, Technology and Society approach, which included all patients diagnosed with the disease in the period from January 2015 to December 2020.The socio-environmental factors that play the most important role in the origin of lip neoplasms that can be modified from the community are described.
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The aim of this work was to trace an epidemiological and clinical profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases diagnosed as lip and tongue SCC from June 2001 to 2018 at a pathology anatomy service located in Northeastern Brazil. Age, sex, duration, location, growth type, staining, metastasis, etiologic agents and lesion size data were obtained fr om patient clinical files and histopathological reports. A total of 124 cases were recorded, with tongue SCC being the most preval ent. The common characteristics of both assessed SCCs included higher frequency in men, mean age of 60 years old, evidence mostly of exophytic lesions and maximum size of 4 cm, predominantly diagnosed after a maximum of 1 year of appearance. Regarding divergent findings, lip SCC occurred mostly in the lower portion of the lip, presenting a predominantly leukoplastic color, with regular smoking habits and sunlight identified as the main etiological agents, and no strong relation to metastasis. On the other hand, tongue SCC mostly exhibiting predominantly erythroleukoplastic staining, with a greater relationship to alcohol - associated smoking and regular smoking habits. The highest percentage of patients with metastasis presented tongue SCC. Although lip and tongue SCC display a male preference, an increasing amount of female involvement has been noted over the years, due to the adoption of deleterious habits such as smoking and alcoholism. Tongue SCC presented a greater relationship with metastasis and clinical leukoeritroplastic evidence. This greater aggressiveness could be related to the unfavorable locat ion of these lesions in relation to lip SCC, sometimes making it difficult to identify in their early development stages.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue rastrear un perfil epidemiológico y clínico de los casos de carcinoma oral de células escamosas (CCE) diagnosticados como CCE de labios y lengua entre junio de 2001 y 2018 en un servicio de anatomía patológica ubicado en el Noreste de Brasil. Los datos de edad, sexo, duración, ubicación, tipo de crecimiento, tinción, metástasis, agentes etiológicos y tamaño de la lesión se obtuvieron de los archivos clínicos de los pacientes y los informes histopatológicos. Se revisaron un total de 124 casos, siendo el CCE de lengua el más prevalente. Las características comunes de ambos CCE evaluados incluyeron mayor frecuencia en hombres, edad promedio de 60 años, evidencia mayoritariamente de lesiones exofíticas y tamaño máximo de 4 cm, diagnosticado predominantemente después de un máximo de 1 año de aparición. En cuanto a los hallazgos divergentes, el CCE labial se presentó mayoritariamente en la porción inferior del labio, presentando un color predominantemente leucoplásico, con el hábito de fumar habitualmente y la luz solar identificados como los principales agentes etiológicos, sin una fuerte relación con las metástasis. Por otro lado, el CEC de la lengua presenta en su mayoría tinción predominantemente eritroleucoplásica, con una mayor relación con el tabaquismo asociado con el alcohol y con los hábitos habituales de tabaquismo. El mayor porcentaje de pacientes con metástasis presentó CCE de lengua. Aunque el CCE de labios y lengua muestra una preferencia en hombres, se ha observado una cantidad cada vez mayor prevalencia en mujeres a lo largo de los años, debido a la adopción de hábitos nocivos como el tabaquismo y el alcoholismo. El CCE de lengua presentó una mayor relación con la metástasis y la evidencia clínica leucoeritroplásica. Esta mayor agresividad podría estar relacionada con la ubicación desfavorable de estas lesiones en relación al CCE labial, dificultando en ocasiones su identificación en sus primeras etapas de desarrollo.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Patologia , Língua/patologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Fumar/epidemiologia , Ficha Clínica , Lábio/patologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the expression of miR-181b, miR-21, miR-31, and miR-345 in actinic cheilitis with and without epithelial dysplasia and lower lip squamous cell carcinomas, and to verify if the deregulated expression of these miRNAs would be indicative of malignant transformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample was selected from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 19 actinic cheilitis without epithelial dysplasia, 32 actinic cheilitis with epithelial dysplasia, 42 lower lip squamous cell carcinomas, and 10 nonaltered oral mucosa of the lip. The microRNA (miR, miRNA) expression was quantified by real-time RT-PCR and the expression of the selected miRNAs among the groups of actinic cheilitis and lower lip cancer was compared by chi-square. RESULTS: A higher expression of miR-181b, miR-31, and miR-345 was found in actinic cheilitis without epithelial dysplasia in comparison to that in actinic cheilitis with epithelial dysplasia and with lower lip cancer. There were no differences in miR-21 expression between actinic cheilitis and lower lip cancer. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed a tendency for a downregulation of miR-181b, miR-21, miR-31, and miR-345 in most patients with lower lip cancers. CONCLUSIONS: The upregulation of miR-181b, miR-31, and miR-345 expression in actinic cheilitis without epithelial dysplasia and the decrease in the expression of these miRNAs in actinic cheilitis with epithelial dysplasia and in lower lip cancer are potential biomarkers of malignant progression. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This miRNA signature can help to identify actinic cheilitis with potential to progress to lip cancer.
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Queilite , Neoplasias Labiais , MicroRNAs , Biomarcadores , Queilite/genética , Humanos , Lábio , Neoplasias Labiais/genética , MicroRNAs/genéticaRESUMO
Introducción: El cáncer de labio es el tumor más frecuente de la cavidad oral que afecta, sobre todo, el labio inferior. La braquiterapia es un tratamiento único eficaz en estadios tempranos y como terapia adyuvante a la cirugía en estadios avanzados. Esta técnica es un proceso doloroso por lo que para su realización se han empleado sedaciones profundas, infiltraciones intramusculares de anestésico local y técnicas de anestesia regional, entre otras. Objetivo: Presentar una técnica anestésica diferente y poco descrita como alternativa para disminuir el dolor de la intervención. Presentación del caso: Paciente con carcinoma de labio programado para braquiterapia. Se realiza bloqueo del nervio mentoniano de manera bilateral para el tratamiento en labio inferior. Conclusiones: Este tipo de bloqueo, por su sencillez y eficacia, es una alternativa útil a la sedación profunda para la realización de braquiterapia en el labio inferior(AU)
Introduction: Lip cancer is the most frequent tumor of the oral cavity that affects, above all, the lower lip. Brachytherapy is a unique treatment which is effective in early stages and, as adjuvant therapy to surgery, it is also effective in advanced stages. This technique is a painful process, a reason why deep sedation, intramuscular infiltrations of local anesthetic, and regional anesthesia techniques, among others, have been used. Objective: To present a different and scarcely described anesthetic technique as an alternative to reduce the pain of this intervention. Case presentation: Patient with lip carcinoma scheduled for brachytherapy. Bilateral mental nerve block is performed in the lower lip. Conclusions: This type of block, due to its simplicity and effectiveness, is a useful alternative to deep sedation for brachytherapy in the lower lip(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Neoplasias Labiais/cirurgia , Anestesia por Condução/métodos , Bloqueio Nervoso/métodos , Braquiterapia/métodosRESUMO
O carcinoma epidermoide de lábios tem suas manifestações clínicas iniciais como atrofia, ressecamento e fissuras do vermelhão do lábio inferior com margem indefinida entre o vermelhão e a pele. O diagnóstico precoce é de fundamental relevância nos casos dessa patologia. O cirurgião dentista tem um papel extremamente importante neste caso. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão da literatura pertinente sobre o carcinoma epidermoide oral. Metodologia: Essa revisão foi realizada empregando a base de dados do SCIELO, LALICS e BBO - Odontologia, foram pesquisados artigos da literatura com língua inglesa e portuguesa publicados no período de 2013 a 2018 com auxílio dos termos: câncer oral, diagnóstico e fatores associados. Foram excluídos os artigos cujas abordagens antes de 2013, outras línguas as não citadas, teses, projetos e produções não relacionadas a temática. Resultados: Os métodos tradicionais de tratamento oncológico são: cirurgia, radioterapia e a quimioterapia. O tratamento a ser estabelecido estará na dependência da localização, grau histológico de malignidade, estadiamento do tumor e da condição de saúde do indivíduo. Conclusões: O cirurgião-dentista deve estar preparado para diagnosticar e lidar com pacientes que apresentam lesões cancerizáveis com o propósito de diminuir as taxas de incidência e mortalidade e, então, melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas(AU)
Cancer is a cellular modification that is related to the loss of its metabolic regulation and intercellular control in which it differs depending on its type and behaves, biologically, different from a normal cell. From this point of view, lower lip cancer is one of the most frequent manifestations of oral cancer. The most frequent risk factors are stimulated from the practice of harmful habits such as: exposure to sunlight, alcohol consumption and smoking. Squamous cell carcinoma of the lips has its initial clinical manifestations such as atrophy, dryness and fissures of vermilion of the lower lip with indefinite margin between the vermilion and the skin. Early diagnosis is of fundamental relevance in cases of this pathology. The dentist surgeon plays an extremely important role in this case. The traditional methods of cancer treatment are: surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The treatment to be established will depend on the location, histological grade of malignancy, tumor staging and the individual's health condition. Therefore, the dental surgeon must be prepared to diagnose and deal with patients who have cancerous lesions in order to reduce incidence and mortality rates and thus improve people's quality of life(AU)
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Neoplasias Labiais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Cancer stem cell (CSC) proteins have been observed in several lesions and are associated with tumor beginning, evolution, and resistance to treatment. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the presence of NANOG, NESTIN, and ß-tubulin in lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), actinic cheilitis (AC), and normal epithelium (NE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty cases of LSCC, thirty cases of AC (both analyzed according to the WHO classification and AC according to the binary classification), and twenty cases of NE were submitted to an immunohistochemical study. RESULTS: NANOG was more expressed in the nuclei of AC compared to NE (p = 0.007), as well as in high-risk AC cases (p = 0.017) and well-differentiated LSCCs (no significance). There was an accumulation of nuclear NANOG from mild to moderate and severe ACs. NESTIN was significantly less present in NE compared to AC (p = 0.001) and LSCC (p = 0.003). There was a higher expression in severe dysplasia or high-risk AC and well-differentiated LSCC. These results indicate an upregulation of NANOG and NESTIN in the early stages of carcinogenesis. ß-tubulin was intensely present in all lesions. CONCLUSION: The results suggest an upregulation of NANOG and NESTIN in the biological behavior these diseases, mainly in the transformation from AC to LSCC.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Queilite/metabolismo , Neoplasias Labiais/metabolismo , Proteína Homeobox Nanog/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Nestina/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Queilite/patologia , Epitélio/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias Labiais/patologia , Tubulina (Proteína)/metabolismo , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We analyzed the different grades of dysplasia in the epithelium adjacent to lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), as a parallel to actinic cheilitis (AC) that suffered malignant transformation. METHODS: Forty samples of epithelium adjacent to LSCC were histologically graded according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the binary systems. The expression of mutated p53 was evaluated through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: According to WHO system, 37.5% of the cases were graded as mild, 45% as moderate and 17.5% as severe dysplasia (P = 0.09). Considering the binary system, 90% of the cases were classified as low-risk and 10% as high-risk lesions. Mutated p53 was present in 73.3% of mild, 88.8% of moderate and 71.4% of severe dysplasia cases. Considering the binary system, 80.5% of the low-risk and 75% of high-risk lesions were immunopositive; 62.5% expressed the protein in both tumor cells and adjacent epithelium; 17.5% in adjacent epithelium only, and 7.5% in LSCC islands only (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: We observed heterogeneous grades of epithelial dysplasia in the epithelium adjacent to LSCC, which indicates that the analysis of AC morphological features is insufficient to predict patient's prognosis and to determine a treatment decision. Positive expression of mutant p53 in mild dysplasia reinforces this idea.
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OBJECTIVE: Histones regulate chromatin density and therefore influence gene expression and cellular proliferation. These properties are modified by methylation, acetylation and phosphorylation of histones. The aim of this study was to investigate the variation of specific modified histones in actinic cheilitis (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma of the lip (SCCL). METHODS: Samples of non-neoplastic tissue of the lip (NNTL, nâ¯=â¯9), AC (nâ¯=â¯33), and SCCL (nâ¯=â¯27) were submitted to immunohistochemistry to detect the modified histones H3K36me3, H3K9ac, H4K12ac, and H3S10â¯ph. RESULTS: Reactivity for all of the modified histones was significantly decreased from NNTL to AC, but not from AC to SCCL. Dysplasia in AC or histological grade in SCCL were not related to the reactivity of any modified histones. CONCLUSIONS: Histone modifications are related to initial actinic damage, but not to malignant transformation in the lip.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Histonas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Labiais/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Queilite/genética , Queilite/patologia , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Histonas/genética , Humanos , Neoplasias Labiais/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM: To fabricate and evaluate the efficacy of individualized intraoral stents to minimize the potential side effects of radiation on oral tissues in patients with early stages of lip cancer. BACKGROUND: Lower lip cancer is a common tumor found almost exclusively in middle-aged and elderly males. Surgery is the most common treatment of choice, although for less extensive lesions, exclusive radiotherapy may be preferred. Some studies have found that the use of intraoral stents in patients with intraoral cancer (e.g., of the tongue or floor of the mouth) obtained favorable results in preventing unnecessary radiation doses to adjacent normal tissue and reducing oral complications. However, studies investigating the efficacy of individualized intraoral stents in patients with lip cancer have not been reported in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with early stage lip cancer were eligible for curative radiotherapy and personalized intraoral stents. The stents were fabricated and all participants were evaluated for the occurrence of oral complications. RESULTS: The regions of the oral mucosa protected from radiation by intraoral stents showed no mucositis. One patient complained of mild oral dryness but without interference in habits. At follow-up, none of the patients had late xerostomia or signs of dental caries by radiation. CONCLUSIONS: The use of individualized intraoral stents was shown to be promising in reducing the adverse effects of radiation therapy in lip cancer patients. These findings highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary team during oncological therapy.
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BACKGROUND: Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes carried out by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), are important events in carcinogenesis. Although there are studies concerning to its expression in several cancer types, DNMTs expression pattern is not known in photoinduced lip carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoexpression of DNMTs 1, 3a, and 3b in lip precancerous lesion (actinic cheilitis) and cancer. METHODS: Thirty cases of actinic cheilitis (AC), thirty cases of lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and twenty cases of non-neoplastic tissue (NNT) were selected for immunohistochemical investigation of DNMTs 1, 3a, and 3b. RESULTS: Nuclear DNMT 1 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in the LSCC group (68.6%) compared with NNT (47%), and nuclear DNMT 3b was higher in LSCC (70.9%) than in NNT (37.9%) and in AC (44%). Only DNMT 3a showed both higher nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in AC (35.9% and 35.5%, respectively) than in NNT (4.4% and 16.1%, respectively) and LSCC (8.8% and 13.2%, respectively) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that DNMT 3a could play a key role in the methylation process of initial steps of UV carcinogenesis present in AC while DNMT 3b could be responsible for de novo methylation in already established lip cancer.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/enzimologia , Queilite/enzimologia , DNA (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferases/biossíntese , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/enzimologia , Neoplasias Labiais/enzimologia , Proteínas Repressoras/biossíntese , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinogênese/imunologia , Carcinogênese/metabolismo , Carcinogênese/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Queilite/imunologia , Queilite/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferases/metabolismo , DNA Metiltransferase 3A , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/imunologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Labiais/imunologia , Neoplasias Labiais/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço , Adulto Jovem , DNA Metiltransferase 3BRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There may be differences in the antitumor immunity induced by dendritic cells (DCs) during the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) located in the lip rather than in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of immature and mature DCs in SCC and potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity and lip. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the number (cells/mm(2) ) of immature (CD1a(+) ) or mature (CD83(+) ) DCs in samples of oral cavity SCC (OCSCC) (n = 39), lip SCC (LSCC) (n = 23), leukoplakia (LK) (n = 21), actinic cheilitis (AC) (n = 13), and normal mucosa of the oral cavity (OC control, n = 12) and the lip (lip control, n = 11). RESULTS: The number of CD1a(+) cells tended to be higher in the OC control samples compared with the LK (P = 0.04) and OCSCC (P = 0.21). Unlike, this cell population was lower in the lip control than in AC or LSCC (P < 0.05). The number of CD83(+) cells was increased in the LSCC samples compared with the AC and lip control (P = 0.0001) and in OCSCC compared with both the LK (P = 0.001) and OC control (P = 0.0001) samples. LSCC showed an elevated number of CD1a(+) and CD83(+) cells compared with OCSCC (P = 0.03). The population of mature DCs was lower than the population of immature DCs in all of the tested groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There were a greater number of both mature and immature DC populations in the LSCC samples than in the OCSCC, which could contribute to establishing a more effective immune antitumor response for this neoplasm.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Células Dendríticas/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Neoplasias Labiais/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos CD1/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Queilite/metabolismo , Queilite/patologia , Estudos Transversais , Células Dendríticas/metabolismo , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/metabolismo , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/metabolismo , Leucoplasia/metabolismo , Leucoplasia/patologia , Neoplasias Labiais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Labiais/metabolismo , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa Bucal/metabolismo , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço , Taxa de Sobrevida , Antígeno CD83RESUMO
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), myofibroblasts (MFs) and epithelial proliferation have key roles in neoplastic progression. In this study immunoexpression of MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9, presence of MFs and the epithelial proliferation index were investigated in actinic cheilitis (AC), lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and mucocele (MUC). Thirty cases of AC, thirty cases of LSCC and twenty cases of MUC were selected for immunohistochemical investigation of the proteins MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Ki-67. The MMP-1 expression in the epithelial component was higher in the AC than the MUC and LSCC. In the connective tissue, the expression was higher in the LSCC. MMP-2 showed lower epithelial and stromal immunostaining in the LSCC when compared to the AC and MUC. The epithelial staining for MMP-9 was higher in the AC when compared to the LSCC. However, in the connective tissue, the expression was lower in the AC compared to other lesions. The cell proliferation rate was increased in proportion to the severity of dysplasia in the AC, while in the LSCC it was higher in well-differentiated lesions compared to moderately differentiated. There were no statistically significant differences in number of MFs present in the lesions studied. The results suggest that MMPs could affect the biological behaviour of ACs and LSCCs inasmuch as they could participate in the development and progression from premalignant lesions to malignant lesions.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Queilite/patologia , Neoplasias Labiais/patologia , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/biossíntese , Miofibroblastos/patologia , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Queilite/metabolismo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Antígeno Ki-67/biossíntese , Neoplasias Labiais/metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz/análise , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz/biossíntese , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/análise , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/biossíntese , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/análise , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/biossíntese , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/análise , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/metabolismoRESUMO
Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a self-limited benign epithelial proliferative lesion that eventually presents with very similar clinical features to squamous cell carcinoma. Many KA appear in the vermilion border of the lips and therefore dental professionals must be familiar of the disease. This article reports the case of a 40-year-old female patient presenting with an exophytic ulcerative tumor in her lower lip that resolved after incisional biopsy. Photographic documentation of the case is presented and topics that are relevant to the clinical management of the disease are addressed.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Ceratoacantoma/patologia , Doenças Labiais/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias Labiais/diagnóstico , Remissão EspontâneaRESUMO
El cuerno cutáneo es una lesión tumoral de aspecto cónico cuya longitud prevalece sobre el diámetro, con gran hiperqueratosis en su extremo y variadas causas e histología pudiendo tener como base una lesión benigna, premaligna o maligna. Su diagnóstico inicial es clínico, sin embargo para descartar malignidad como patología de base siempre es necesario su exéresis quirúrgica y estudio histopatológico. Presentamos dos casos con localización en semimucosa de labio inferior, uno de ellos con aparición simultánea de dos lesiones, manifestación rara en este tipo de tumores, según la literatura. Destacamos la reparación quirúrgica de estas lesiones, efectuando una exéresis en cuña, conservando la forma y funcionalidad del labio.
The cutaneous horn is a conical tumoral lesion whose height is prevalent over the diameter of its base, characterized by hyperkeratotic appearance associated with multiple causes and histological development over benign, premalignant and malignant lesions. The primary diagnosis is mainly suggested by the appearance and course of these lesions, however to discard a malignant base pathology always is necessary the surgical excision and histopathological examination. We report two cases with clinical characteristics in mucosa of the lower lip and simultaneous growth of two lesions together, infrequent observations of this entity in literature reviews. We want to remark the surgical excision of these lesions preserving the shape and function of the lip.