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Background and Purpose: To describe the process of developing and validating the content of the Patient Advocacy Scale for Nurses in Intensive Care (EAPEnf-UTI). Methods: Methodological research. To achieve the elaboration objective, five stages were developed: (a) definition of the theme, (b) generation of the number of items, (c) determination of the measurement format, (d) validation of face and content, and (e) content adjustment. Results: The instrument elaborated from a survey and integrative literature review, and the measurement format chosen was the 5-point Likert scale. The validation of face and content was performed by expert judges and by pretest. The final instrument had 57 items. Conclusion: EAPEnf-UTI is a pioneering instrument built in the Brazilian context, whose future validation will allow the capturing of situations specific to intensive care units and the professional practice of intensive care nurses.

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Background and Purpose: The Nurses Professional Values Scale-3 (NPVS-3) is an instrument designed to measure nurses professional values. This study aimed to assess the cultural reliability and validity of the NPVS-3 for use in Brazil. Methods: Translation followed the steps: translation, back-translation, Internal consistency was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and construct validity, by confirmatory factor analysis for the NPVS-3 three-domain model. Results: NPVS-3 applied to 169 nursing students. The culturally and semantically equivalent to the original English version was appropriate. The internal consistency values of each factor represented by Cronbach's alpha were adequate: Care (0.790), Activism (0.898), and Professionalism (0.763). Conclusion: The analyses showed that the Brazilian version of NPVS-3 has high validity and reliability, being effective in assessing professional nursing values for Brazil.

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Responding to the need for school-based, broadly applicable, low-cost, and brief assessments of socio-emotional skills, we describe the conceptual background and empirical development of the SENNA inventory and provide new psychometric information on its internal structure. Data were obtained through a computerized survey from 50,000 Brazilian students enrolled in public school grades 6 to 12, spread across the entire State of São Paulo. The SENNA inventory was designed to assess 18 particular skills (e.g., empathy, responsibility, tolerance of frustration, and social initiative), each operationalized by nine items that represent three types of items: three positively keyed trait-identity items, three negatively keyed identity items, and three (always positively keyed) self-efficacy items, totaling a set of 162 items. Results show that the 18 skill constructs empirically defined a higher-order structure that we interpret as the social-emotional Big Five, labeled as Engaging with Others, Amity, Self-Management, Emotional Regulation, and Open-Mindedness. The same five factors emerged whether we assessed the 18 skills with items representing (a) a trait-identity approach that emphasizes lived skills (what do I typically do?) or (b) a self-efficacy approach that emphasizes capability (how well can I do that?). Given that its target youth group is as young as 11 years old (grade 6), a population particularly prone to the response bias of acquiescence, SENNA is also equipped to correct for individual differences in acquiescence, which are shown to systematically bias results when not corrected.

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To determine the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Moral Distress Scale in Nurses (MDSN-BR). DESIGN: In this methodological, cross-sectional study, the criterion, content, and construct validation stages were presented. METHOD: A 57-item questionnaire was applied to 1,227 brazilian nurses through an online form. The exploratory factor analyses revealed significant conceptual relations among its items in six constructs, expressing the consistency of the scale. RESULTS: The validated version of the instrument consists of six constructs and 49 items-Cronbach's alpha .980 (instrument) and of constructs: (a) (.942) Acknowledgment, power, and professional identity; (b) (.961) Safe and qualified care; (c) (.924) Defense of values and rights; (d) (.944) Work conditions; (e) (.933) Ethical infractions; (f) (.914) Work teams. CONCLUSION: The results provide evidence supporting the reliability and trustworthiness of the scale in the selected population.

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BACKGROUND:: Moral distress is a kind of suffering that nurses may experience when they act in ways that are considered inconsistent with moral values, leading to a perceived compromise of moral integrity. Consequences are mostly negative and include physical and psychological symptoms, in addition to organizational implications. OBJECTIVE:: To psychometrically test the Moral Distress Risk Scale. RESEARCH DESIGN:: A methodological study was realized. Data were submitted to exploratory factorial analysis through the SPSS statistical program. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT:: In total, 268 nurses from hospitals and primary healthcare settings participated in this research during the period of March to June of 2016. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS:: This research has ethics committee approval. FINDINGS:: The Moral Distress Risk Scale is composed of 7 factors and 30 items; it shows evidence of acceptable reliability and validity with a Cronbach's α = 0.913, a total variance explained of 59%, a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin = 0.896, and a significant Bartlett <0.001. DISCUSSION:: Concerns about moral distress should be beyond acute care settings, and a tool to help clarify critical points in other healthcare contexts may add value to moral distress speech. CONCLUSION:: Psychometric results reveal that the Moral Distress Risk Scale can be applied in different healthcare contexts.

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La progresión de la enfermedad crónica en las personas que la padecen ha permitido el surgimiento de los cuidadores familiares como una forma de cuidado natural de los seres humanos. Esta labor es invisible, difícil y en algunos casos gratificante para un sujeto que adopta un rol. Objetivo: Desarrollar un instrumento que permita medir el constructo de adopción del rol de cuidador familiar de una persona con enfermedad crónica. Materiales y método: Se desarrolló en fases de revisión de literatura, establecimiento de bases conceptuales y desarrollo de ítems. Resultados: Se integraron dos investigaciones realizadas entre 2007 y 2012, se contrastaron los hallazgos con la teoría de transiciones de Meleis A y se construyeron 22 ítems del instrumento ROL (Labores, Organización y Respuestas ante el Rol). Conclusiones: Se debe continuar las fases de validez y confiabilidad del instrumento para mostrar solidez teórica.

The progression of chronic disease in people who suffer from it has allowed family caregivers emerge as a form of natural care for human beings. However, this work is invisible, difficult and in some cases rewarding for a person who takes this role. Objective: To develop an instrument that allows to measure the construct of adoption of the family caregiver role of a person with chronic disease. Materials and method: It was developed in phases of literature review, conceptual bases establishment and description of items. Results: Two research which were carried out between 2007 and 2012 were integrated, the findings were contrasted with the transitions theory of Meleis A, and 22 items of the ROL instrument (Work, Organization and Responses before the Role) were constructed. Conclusions: The validity and reliability phases of the instrument must be continued in order to show theoretical solidity.

A progressão da doença crônica em pessoas que sofrem com ela tem permitido o surgimento de cuidadores familiares como forma de cuidado natural do ser humano. No entanto, este trabalho é invisível, difícil e, em alguns casos, recompensador para um sujeito que assume um papel. Objetivo: Desenvolver um instrumento que permita medir o construto de adoção do papel de cuidador familiar de uma pessoa com doença crônica. Materiais e método: Foi desenvolvido em fases de revisão de literatura, estabelecimento de bases conceituais e desenvolvimento de itens. Resultados: Duas investigações realizadas entre 2007 e 2012 foram integradas, os resultados foram contrastados com a teoria de transições de Meleis A. e 22 itens do instrumento de ROL (Trabalho, Organização e Respostas ao papel) foram construídos. Conclusões: As fases de validade e confiabilidade do instrumento devem ser continuadas para mostrar solidez teórica.

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AIM: To translate, adapt and evaluate psychometric properties of the complete (15 items) and reduced (three items) versions of the Care Transitions Measure into Brazilian Portuguese. INTRODUCTION: The Care Transitions Measure assesses the quality of care transitions, from the perspective of patients. As accomplishing effective transitions is a challenge to healthcare systems, the instrument provides an opportunity to assess care transitions and improve quality initiatives. METHODS: A three-phased design was used for cross-cultural adaptation, pre-testing and evaluation of psychometric properties of the measurement in a Brazilian hospital. After forward translation, back translation and expert committee review, patients evaluated the instrument in a pre-test. Psychometric testing included face and content validity, reliability, stability and factorial analysis. RESULTS: Cross-cultural adaptation was completed successfully with a high clarity rate. Internal consistency was good in the 15-item version and was moderate in the three-item version. Test-retest reliability showed good stability of the two versions over time. The three-item version had satisfactory criterion validity. Four factors were extracted for the 15-item measure. LIMITATIONS: Samples were restricted to a group of patients from one hospital in southern Brazil. Future studies should test the measurement's construct and predictive validity. CONCLUSIONS: The translated version of the Care Transitions Measure has good face and content validity, reliability and stability. It has shown to be a valid measurement for evaluating the quality of care transitions in Brazil. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: Results are beneficial for nurses, managers and policy makers for evaluating care transitions and support the need for changes in policies and practices.

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Abstract Introduction: The Hayling Test assesses the components of initiation, inhibition, cognitive flexibility and verbal speed by means of a sentence completion task. This study presents the process of developing the Brazilian version of the Child Hayling Test (CHT) and reports evidence of its content validity. Methods: 139 people took part in the study. The adaptation was performed by seven translators and 12 specialist judges. An initial sample of 92 healthy children was recruited to test a selection of sentences adapted from previous adult and pediatric versions of the instrument, and a sample of 28 healthy children was recruited for pilot testing of the final version. The instrument was developed in seven stages: 1) translation, 2) back-translation, 3) comparison of translated versions, 4) preparation of new stimuli, 5) data collection with healthy children to analyze comprehension of the stimuli and analyses by the authors against the psycholinguistic criteria adopted, 6) analyses conducted by judges who are specialists in neuropsychology or linguistics, and 7) the pilot study. Results: Twenty-four of the 72 sentences constructed were selected on the basis of 70-100% agreement between judges evaluating what they assessed and level of comprehensibility. The pilot study revealed better performance by older children, providing evidence of the instrument's sensitivity to developmental factors. Conclusions: Future studies employing this version of CHT with clinical pediatric populations who have frontal lesions and dysfunctions and in related areas are needed to test functional and differential diagnoses of preserved or impaired executive functions.

Resumo Introdução: O Teste Hayling avalia os componentes iniciação, controle inibitório, flexibilidade cognitiva e velocidade verbal por meio de uma tarefa de completar frases. Este estudo apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento do Teste Hayling Infantil (THI) em português brasileiro, bem como evidências de validade de seu conteúdo. Métodos: Participaram 139 sujeitos: A adaptação foi realizada por sete tradutores e 12 juízes especialistas. Uma amostra inicial de 92 crianças saudáveis foi recrutada para testar uma seleção de sentenças adaptadas de versões anteriores para adultos e crianças, e uma amostra de 28 crianças saudáveis foi recrutada para testar a versão final num estudo piloto. Sete etapas foram conduzidas: 1) tradução, 2) retrotradução, 3) comparação entre versões traduzidas, 4) desenvolvimento de novos estímulos, 5) coleta com crianças saudáveis para análise da compreensão dos estímulos e análise dos autores quanto aos critérios psicolinguísticos, 6) análise de juízes especialistas em neuropsicologia e linguística, e 7) estudo piloto. Resultados: Das 72 frases construídas, selecionaram-se 24 que tiveram concordância de 70 a 100% entre juízes quanto aos construtos que avaliam e quanto ao grau de compreensibilidade. O estudo piloto revelou melhor desempenho nas crianças mais velhas, dando indícios da sensibilidade do instrumento aos fatores desenvolvimentais. Conclusões: Estudos futuros que utilizem esta versão do THI em populações clínicas infantis que apresentem lesões e disfunções frontais e em áreas relacionadas tornam-se necessários para fins de diagnóstico funcional e diferencial de dificuldades executivas preservadas ou afetadas.

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BACKGROUND: Patient satisfaction reflects how an individual's expectations, goals, and preferences are met by health care providers or services. Most research on patient expectations and satisfaction has been conducted in developed countries; there was no Portuguese language instrument to measure pregnant women's expectations and satisfaction with prenatal care. PURPOSE: To adapt and test the Patient Expectations and Satisfaction with Prenatal Care (PESPC) instrument for use in Brazil. DESIGN: We conducted a systematic cultural and linguistic adaptation of the PESPC into Brazilian Portuguese and tested the validity of the adapted instrument. RESULTS: Implementation of this rigorous methodological process resulted in a valid, reliable, culturally, and linguistically appropriate instrument. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: We recommend further assessment of the Brazilian Portuguese PESPC with more diverse samples of Portuguese-speaking pregnant women in Brazil and other countries. Application of this structured approach to cultural and linguistic instrument adaptation is one way to further transcultural nursing research.

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CONTEXT: Isometric muscle strength of knee extensors has been assessed for estimating performance, evaluating progress during physical training, and investigating the relationship between isometric and dynamic/functional performance. OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity and reliability of an adapted leg-extension machine for measuring isometric knee extensor force. DESIGN: Validity (concurrent approach) and reliability (test and test-retest approach) study. SETTING: University laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: 70 healthy men and women aged between 20 and 30 y (39 in the validity study and 31 in the reliability study). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values calculated for the maximum voluntary isometric torque of knee extensors at 30°, 60°, and 90°, measured with the prototype and with an isokinetic dynamometer (ICC2,1, validity study) and measured with the prototype in test and retest sessions, scheduled from 48 h to 72 h apart (ICC1,1, reliability study). RESULTS: In the validity analysis, the prototype showed good agreement for measurements at 30° (ICC2,1 = .75, SEM = 18.2 Nm) and excellent agreement for measurements at 60° (ICC2,1 = .93, SEM = 9.6 Nm) and at 90° (ICC2,1 = .94, SEM = 8.9 Nm). Regarding the reliability analysis, between-days' ICC1,1 were good to excellent, ranging from .88 to .93. Standard error of measurement and minimal detectable difference based on test-retest ranged from 11.7 Nm to 18.1 Nm and 32.5 Nm to 50.1 Nm, respectively, for the 3 analyzed knee angles. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of validity and repeatability of the prototype for measuring isometric muscle strength has shown to be good or excellent, depending on the knee joint angle analyzed. The new instrument, which presents a relative low cost and easiness of transportation when compared with an isokinetic dynamometer, is valid and provides consistent data concerning isometric strength of knee extensors and, for this reason, can be used for practical, clinical, and research purposes.

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To explore cross-cultural experiences of women taking estrogen plus progestin therapies (EPT) and develop a symptom-based electronic diary and impact questionnaire for EPT-related breast symptoms. (1) Concept elicitation interviews were conducted with women in the US (n=14), Italy (n=15), Mexico (n=15) and China (n=15) to explore breast symptoms associated with EPT. Patients completed the Breast Sensitivity Questionnaire (BSQ) to evaluate understanding and comprehensiveness. (2) Based on concept elicitation, a 6-item eDiary (Breast Pain/Tenderness Daily Diary - BPT-DD) was generated and the BSQ modified forming the 18-item Breast Sensations Impact Questionnaire (BSIQ). (3) The measures were pilot-tested and then cognitively debriefed with US women receiving EPT. All qualitative data was subject to thematic analysis. Concept elicitation identified breast pain/tenderness, swollen breasts and sensitivity to contact as important symptoms, impacting women's emotional well-being, relationships with family/friends, social life, sleep, ability to move freely, contact, clothing and sexual activity. Experiences were relatively consistent across the country samples. Based on pilot testing and cognitive debriefing, the BPT-DD was reduced to 4 items (and renamed the Breast Pain Daily Diary - BP-DD) and the BSIQ was reduced to 13 items due to conceptual redundancy. Women taking EPT in the US, China, Mexico and Italy reported breast sensations that have a detrimental impact on quality of life. Two new measures were developed to assess the severity and impact of breast pain specific to EPT. This work highlights that EPT-related symptoms should be part of treatment decision-making, and treatments with less burdensome side effects are needed.

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O presente artigo descreve a construção e o levantamento de evidências de validade de construto de um instrumento brasileiro para medir a eficácia coletiva de professores. Elaboraram-se 22 itens, em forma de escala tipo Likert de cinco pontos, que contemplam situações e desafios do cotidiano das escolas. Nesses itens, cada professor deveria julgar a atitude do conjunto de professores de sua escola para superar esses desafios. Participaram do estudo 229 professores, de diversos níveis de escolaridade, em vários municípios brasileiros. Uma análise pelos componentes principais e rotação varimax, assumido o valor próprio de 2,0 como critério, revelou estrutura unifatorial que explica 51,26% da variância dos itens. Verificou-se também o alto nível de consistência interna da escala, estimada pelo alfa de Cronbach (α=0,95). São necessárias novas pesquisas sobre a aplicação do questionário em estudos nacionais...

This paper describes the construction process and assessment of construct validity evidence of a Brazilian teachers’ collective efficacy instrument. The questionnaire is comprised of a set of twenty-two 5-point Likert scale items that contemplate situations and challenges within the daily routine at schools in which each teacher was required to mark how much he/she believes the teachers as a group were prepared to face said challenges successfully. The sample was composed of 229 teachers from diverse grade levels and geographic regions throughout Brazil. An analysis of principal components followed by a varimax rotation (assuming the actual value of 2.0 as a criterion), revealed a single factor structure which explained 51.26% of the items’ variance. Internal consistency of the scale, estimated by Cronbach’s alpha, was high (α=0.95). Further research and applications of the questionnaire in national educational studies are recommended...

Este artículo describe el proceso de construcción y levantamiento de evidencias de validez de constructo de un instrumento brasileño para medir la eficacia colectiva de profesores. Fueron elaborados 22 ítems, en forma de escala Likert de 5 puntos, que contemplan situaciones y desafíos del cotidiano de las escuelas en los que el profesor debería marcar lo cuanto juzga que el conjunto de profesores de su escuela es capaz de hacer frente a esos desafíos. Participaron del estudio 229 profesores y profesoras, de niveles distintos de escolaridad, en varios munici-pios brasileños. Un análisis de los componentes principales y rotación varimax, asumiendo el valor propio de 2,0 como criterio, reveló una estructura unifactorial que explica 51,26% de la varianza de los ítems. Fue verificado también el alto nivel de consistencia interna de la escala, estimada por el alfa de Cronbach (α=0,95). Se sugieren nuevas investigaciones, así como aplicaciones del cuestionario en estudios nacionales...

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O presente artigo descreve a construção e o levantamento de evidências de validade de construto de um instrumento brasileiro para medir a eficácia coletiva de professores. Elaboraram-se 22 itens, em forma de escala tipo Likert de cinco pontos, que contemplam situações e desafios do cotidiano das escolas. Nesses itens, cada professor deveria julgar a atitude do conjunto de professores de sua escola para superar esses desafios. Participaram do estudo 229 professores, de diversos níveis de escolaridade, em vários municípios brasileiros. Uma análise pelos componentes principais e rotação varimax, assumido o valor próprio de 2,0 como critério, revelou estrutura unifatorial que explica 51,26% da variância dos itens. Verificou-se também o alto nível de consistência interna da escala, estimada pelo alfa de Cronbach (α=0,95). São necessárias novas pesquisas sobre a aplicação do questionário em estudos nacionais.(AU)

This paper describes the construction process and assessment of construct validity evidence of a Brazilian teachers’ collective efficacy instrument. The questionnaire is comprised of a set of twenty-two 5-point Likert scale items that contemplate situations and challenges within the daily routine at schools in which each teacher was required to mark how much he/she believes the teachers as a group were prepared to face said challenges successfully. The sample was composed of 229 teachers from diverse grade levels and geographic regions throughout Brazil. An analysis of principal components followed by a varimax rotation (assuming the actual value of 2.0 as a criterion), revealed a single factor structure which explained 51.26% of the items’ variance. Internal consistency of the scale, estimated by Cronbach’s alpha, was high (α=0.95). Further research and applications of the questionnaire in national educational studies are recommended.(AU)

Este artículo describe el proceso de construcción y levantamiento de evidencias de validez de constructo de un instrumento brasileño para medir la eficacia colectiva de profesores. Fueron elaborados 22 ítems, en forma de escala Likert de 5 puntos, que contemplan situaciones y desafíos del cotidiano de las escuelas en los que el profesor debería marcar lo cuanto juzga que el conjunto de profesores de su escuela es capaz de hacer frente a esos desafíos. Participaron del estudio 229 profesores y profesoras, de niveles distintos de escolaridad, en varios munici-pios brasileños. Un análisis de los componentes principales y rotación varimax, asumiendo el valor propio de 2,0 como criterio, reveló una estructura unifactorial que explica 51,26% de la varianza de los ítems. Fue verificado también el alto nivel de consistencia interna de la escala, estimada por el alfa de Cronbach (α=0,95). Se sugieren nuevas investigaciones, así como aplicaciones del cuestionario en estudios nacionales.(AU)

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O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a estrutura interna do Teste de Inteligência -TI, por meio da Análise Fatorial Exploratória - AFE e Confirmatória - AFC. A amostra para a pesquisa se constituiu em 2.163 sujeitos, sendo 1.013 para o estudo da AFE e 1150 para a AFC. Em ambos os casos os sujeitos foram maiores de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, e com escolaridade variando de ensino fundamental incompleto até o ensino superior completo. Inicialmente fez-se a AFE, que sugeriu a presença de dois fatores, o primeiro englobando os itens 18 a 30 e o segundo formado pelos itens de 1 a 17, mas que se correlacionaram de forma positiva e moderada. Diante desse resultado aplicou-se a AFC, que também mostrou o modelo com dois fatores como sendo o mais ajustado. Apesar dos resultados apontarem para uma estrutura bidimensional, mais estudos são necessários para melhor compreensão dos fatores.(AU)

This study aimed at verifying the internal structure of the Intelligence Test - TI using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The sample was composed of 2163 subjects, 1013 of those to the EFA study and 1150 to CFA. In both cases, the subjects were over 18 years old, both males and females, with school level ranging from elementary school to college. Initially an EFA was run and suggested two factors, the first one including items 18 to 30, and the second one including items 1 to 17, but with a moderate and positive correlation between factors. After this result, the AFC was run, which also suggested a two-factor model as the most adequate. Despite results showing a bi-dimensional structure, more studies are necessary for a better understand the internal structure of the TI.(AU)

El objetivo del trabajo fue verificar la estructura interna del Teste de Inteligência - TI, a través del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio -AFE y Confirmatorio - AFC. La muestra de la investigación se constituyó por 2163 sujetos, siendo 1013 para el estudio del AFE y 1150 para el AFC. En los dos casos los sujetos eran mayores de 18 años, ambos sexos, y con escolaridad variando desde la educación primaria incompleta hasta la enseñanza superior completa. Inicialmente se realizó el AFE, que sugirió la presencia de dos factores, el primero incluyendo los ítems 18 a 30 y el segundo formado por los ítems de 1 a 17, pero que presentaron una correlación positiva y moderada. Frente a ese resultado se aplicó el AFC, que también mostró que el modelo con dos factores fue el más ajustado. Pese a que los resultados apuntan para la existencia de una estructura bidimensional, más estudios son necesarios para entender mejor esos factores.(AU)

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O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a estrutura interna do Teste de Inteligência -TI, por meio da Análise Fatorial Exploratória - AFE e Confirmatória - AFC. A amostra para a pesquisa se constituiu em 2.163 sujeitos, sendo 1.013 para o estudo da AFE e 1150 para a AFC. Em ambos os casos os sujeitos foram maiores de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, e com escolaridade variando de ensino fundamental incompleto até o ensino superior completo. Inicialmente fez-se a AFE, que sugeriu a presença de dois fatores, o primeiro englobando os itens 18 a 30 e o segundo formado pelos itens de 1 a 17, mas que se correlacionaram de forma positiva e moderada. Diante desse resultado aplicou-se a AFC, que também mostrou o modelo com dois fatores como sendo o mais ajustado. Apesar dos resultados apontarem para uma estrutura bidimensional, mais estudos são necessários para melhor compreensão dos fatores...

This study aimed at verifying the internal structure of the Intelligence Test - TI using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The sample was composed of 2163 subjects, 1013 of those to the EFA study and 1150 to CFA. In both cases, the subjects were over 18 years old, both males and females, with school level ranging from elementary school to college. Initially an EFA was run and suggested two factors, the first one including items 18 to 30, and the second one including items 1 to 17, but with a moderate and positive correlation between factors. After this result, the AFC was run, which also suggested a two-factor model as the most adequate. Despite results showing a bi-dimensional structure, more studies are necessary for a better understand the internal structure of the TI...

El objetivo del trabajo fue verificar la estructura interna del Teste de Inteligência - TI, a través del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio -AFE y Confirmatorio - AFC. La muestra de la investigación se constituyó por 2163 sujetos, siendo 1013 para el estudio del AFE y 1150 para el AFC. En los dos casos los sujetos eran mayores de 18 años, ambos sexos, y con escolaridad variando desde la educación primaria incompleta hasta la enseñanza superior completa. Inicialmente se realizó el AFE, que sugirió la presencia de dos factores, el primero incluyendo los ítems 18 a 30 y el segundo formado por los ítems de 1 a 17, pero que presentaron una correlación positiva y moderada. Frente a ese resultado se aplicó el AFC, que también mostró que el modelo con dos factores fue el más ajustado. Pese a que los resultados apuntan para la existencia de una estructura bidimensional, más estudios son necesarios para entender mejor esos factores...

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AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the construct validity and reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese versions of the 29- and 13-item scales of the Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-29 and SOC-13). BACKGROUND: Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Questionnaire was developed to measure the main construct of the salutogenic theory, the sense of coherence. The use of the sense of coherence by health professionals might help identifying specific coping strategies used by person with chronic illness. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: The SOC-29 has been culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese language. In this study, we assessed its psychometric properties (construct validity and internal reliability) tested on 203 cardiac patients. The SOC-13 was tested on another 100 cardiac patients hospitalised in the same hospital. The construct validity of both versions was investigated through Pearson correlation between the measures of sense of coherence and of correlated constructs (self-esteem, depression and age), analysis of the principal components and comparison of distinct groups (male vs. female). The internal reliability for both versions was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: For both versions, the construct validity assessments showed strong positive correlations between sense of coherence and self-esteem and strong negative correlations between sense of coherence and depression (convergent validity), and weak correlation between sense of coherence and age (divergent validity). Principal component analysis supported in part the presence of a single component (unidimensionality). Differences in sense of coherence were found by sex with SOC-29, but not with SOC-13. Cronbach's alpha coefficients showed satisfactory internal consistency in both versions. CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian Portuguese versions of SOC-29 and SOC-13 can be considered valid and reliable for the populations studied. More studies need to be performed to assess these proprieties in other Brazilian populations. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This scale can be used in research and clinical practice in Brazil to assess nursing interventions aimed at decreasing stress during cardiac rehabilitation.

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AIMS: This paper assessed the reliability and construct validity of the new version of a patient classification instrument. BACKGROUND: In the development of patient classification instruments, monitoring validity and reliability is essential to assure that patient care requirements and nursing staff workload are appropriately measured. DESIGN METHOD: The sample included 194 patients (construct validity test) and 60 patients (inter-rater reliability test) at medical, surgical, and specialized wards of a teaching hospital in the south east of Brazil. The study was conducted in 2009-2010. For analysis purposes, Spearman's correlation and Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency) were used, and weighted kappa (inter-rater reliability), factor analysis with principal axis factoring extraction method (construct validity) and ordinal regression (instrument's predictive ability). RESULTS: A high level of inter-rater agreement was found. The importance of all care areas and their contribution to distinguish patient care needs and category in the new instrument were demonstrated. Results also showed the instrument's high predictive ability (99·6%). CONCLUSION: The findings give the evidence that the new scale is a reliable and valid tool to assess patient care needs and care category and that it can be used to guide nursing management practice in determining the nursing staff workload.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of an assessment instrument on teachers' perceptions regarding the development of socio-emotional skills. Results revealed a consistent four-factor structure (School/teachers' needs for socio-emotional skills promotion; Needs regarding teaching-learning process; Difficulties in dealing with students' socio-emotional deficits, Socio-emotional needs related to teacher's initial training) with internal consistency values above .79. Confirmatory analyses revealed a good fit of the model to the data. Teachers reported having more needs at the school/ teachers conditions for the promotion of social and emotional needs, and less needs at the level of their Teachers' initial training. The instrument also showed to be sensitive in capturing teachers' perception of schooling social and emotional needs in terms of teachers' gender, pedagogic group and school level.(AU)

O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características psicométricas de um instrumento de avaliação das percepções dos professores acerca das suas necessidades na promoção das competências sociais e emocionais. Os resultados revelaram uma estrutura de quatro factores (Necessidades ao nível da escola/professor, necessidades ao nível do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, Dificuldades em lidar com défices sócio-emocionais dos alunos e Necessidades ao nível da formação inicial), com valores de consistência interna acima de 0,79. As análises confirmatórias revelaram bom ajustamento do modelo aos dados. Os professores revelaram sentir maiores dificuldades ao nível das condições da escola/ professores e menores ao nível da formação inicial. O instrumento revelou-se também sensível às diferenças de percepções em termos do género, grupo pedagógico, e nível de ensino.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of an assessment instrument on teachers' perceptions regarding the development of socio-emotional skills. Results revealed a consistent four-factor structure (School/teachers' needs for socio-emotional skills promotion; Needs regarding teaching-learning process; Difficulties in dealing with students' socio-emotional deficits, Socio-emotional needs related to teacher's initial training) with internal consistency values above .79. Confirmatory analyses revealed a good fit of the model to the data. Teachers reported having more needs at the school/ teachers conditions for the promotion of social and emotional needs, and less needs at the level of their Teachers' initial training. The instrument also showed to be sensitive in capturing teachers' perception of schooling social and emotional needs in terms of teachers' gender, pedagogic group and school level.

O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características psicométricas de um instrumento de avaliação das percepções dos professores acerca das suas necessidades na promoção das competências sociais e emocionais. Os resultados revelaram uma estrutura de quatro factores (Necessidades ao nível da escola/professor, necessidades ao nível do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, Dificuldades em lidar com défices sócio-emocionais dos alunos e Necessidades ao nível da formação inicial), com valores de consistência interna acima de 0,79. As análises confirmatórias revelaram bom ajustamento do modelo aos dados. Os professores revelaram sentir maiores dificuldades ao nível das condições da escola/ professores e menores ao nível da formação inicial. O instrumento revelou-se também sensível às diferenças de percepções em termos do género, grupo pedagógico, e nível de ensino.

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RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Urban Jamaican adolescent girls face significant risk for sexually transmitted infections including HIV. Studies from the United States of America have found that parents influence adolescents' sexual risk attitudes and behaviours through parent-child sexual communication and monitoring/ supervision. Data from an ongoing mother-daughter HIV risk reduction intervention study in Kingston, Jamaica identified an additional influence of adolescent girls' sexual risk - maternal sexual role modelling (MSRM). As no reliable and valid questionnaires existed to measure MSRM, one was developed. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Jamaican Maternal Sexual Role Modelling questionnaire. METHOD: Data were collected from 209 Jamaican female adolescents recruited from Kingston, St Andrew and St Catherine parishes. RESULTS: The final 19-item Jamaican MSRM questionnaire was found to have excellent internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Content validity expert ratings and modified kappa statistics were all 1.0. Principal component analysis identified a three-factor structure that accounted for 53.7% of the variance. Greater MSRM scale scores, indicating more positive and protective maternal sexual role modelling, were associated with less sexual experience, lower intentions to have sex, greater intentions to use condoms if having sex and greater condom use self-efficacy among adolescent girls. CONCLUSION: The MSRM scale was found to be a reliable and valid measure of Jamaican adolescent females' perceptions of their mothers' sexual role modelling. Further research is needed to assess the reliability and validity of the instrument with other populations.

OBJETIVO: Las jóvenes adolescentes urbanas de Jamaica, enfrentan un riesgo significativo de infecciones de trasmisión sexual, incluyendo el VIH. Estudios de los Estados Unidos de América han encontrado que los padres influyen en las conductas y actitudes de riesgo sexual de los adolescentes a través de la comunicación entre padres e hijos sobre asuntos de sexo, acompañada de supervisión y monitoreo. Datos obtenidos a partir de un estudio de intervención que se desarrolla actualmente en Kingston, Jamaica, para reducir el riesgo de VIH madre-hija, identificaron una influencia adicional de riesgo sexual entre las adolescentes: la modelación del rol sexual materno (MRSM). Como que no existían cuestionarios válidos y fiables para medir la MRSM, se desarrolló uno a propósito de este trabajo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de la modelación del rol sexual materno jamaicano. MÉTODO: Se recopilaron datos de 209 adolescentes jamaicanas reclutadas en los distritos de Kingston, St Andrew y St Catherine. RESULTADOS: Se halló que el cuestionario final MRSM jamaicano de 19 ítems poseía excelente fiabilidad interna (alfa de Cronbach = 0.89). Las valoraciones (ratings) de los expertos con respecto a la validez del contenido, así como las estadísticas Kappa modificadas, fueron todas 1.0. El análisis del componente principal identificó una estructura de tres factores que daba cuenta del 53.7% de la varianza. Mayores puntuaciones de la escala MRSM, que indicaban una modelación del rol sexual materno más positiva y protectora, estuvieron asociadas con menor experiencia sexual, menos intenciones de tener sexo, más intenciones de usar condón a la hora de mantener relaciones sexuales, y mayor auto-eficacia en el uso de condón entre las adolescentes. CONCLUSIÓN: Se halló que la escala MRSM es fiable y constituye una medida válida de las percepciones que las adolescentes jamaicanas tienen en relación con la modelación del rol sexual de sus madres. Se necesita continuar las investigaciones a fin de evaluar la fiabilidad y validez del instrumento con otras poblaciones.

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