RESUMO
This article traces the transformation of the system of control and repression of Brazilian pharmaceutical activities between the 1930s and the 1970s, through a Foucauldian framework of "differential management of illegalisms." The period between 1930 and 1960 can be understood as a process of negotiation between pharmacists and state agencies that achieved a compromise on the differential management of illegalisms in relation to drugs, with a clear distinction between "laymen" and "professionals." This compromise came into question during the dictatorship, due to institutional transformations that reinforced the autonomy of institutions of repression and a military struggle against subversion and corruption. Pharmacists and laymen alike were considered potential suspects. This suspicion even extended to the civilian agencies that were at the core of the regulation of the licit drug market. These developments profoundly changed the way illegalisms committed by professionals and state officials were treated, blurring the boundaries that had been established between laymen, professionals, inspectors, and industrialists. The final section of the article focuses on the various ways in which institutions of repression focused on pharmacists and state regulatory control agencies as potential places of subversive activity or corruption.
Assuntos
Militares , Farmacêuticos , HumanosRESUMO
O texto volta‑se para os jogos de poder que se processam justamente nas dobras do legal e ilegal, formal e informal. Se é verdade que a transitividade de pessoas, bens e mercadorias nas fronteiras incertas do legal e ilegal, formal e informal, constitui um fenômeno transversal da experiência contemporânea e está no cerne dos processos de mundialização, argumenta‑se que nem por isso a passagem de um lado a outro dessas fronteiras porosas é coisa simples. A questão que se procura trabalhar nesse texto é que esses campos de força oferecem uma via de entrada para entender o lugar e o papel do Estado nos ordenamentos sociais, pondo em foco os modos de operação das forças da lei e da ordem em contextos situados, sob a perspectiva do que alguns autores vêm propondo nos termos de uma "antropologia do Estado".
The article is about the games of power that exist between the lines of the legal and the illegal, the formal and the informal. If it is true that the transitivity of people, goods and merchandise on the uncertain borders between the legal and the illegal, the formal and the informal is a transversal phenomenon of the contemporary experience and that it is in the center of the globalization processes, that does not mean the passage from one side to the other one of those porous borders is simple. What we discuss in this article is that those fields of force offer an entry to understand the importance and the role of the State in the social planning, focusing the way the forces of law and order operate in situated contexts, under the view of what some authors have been calling a "state anthropology".