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Background: The navicular syndrome may be associated with alterations in other podotrochlear apparatus components,such as the deep digital flexor tendon, collareral sesamoid and distal sesamoid ligaments, podotrochlear bursa and distalsesamoid bone. However, the clinical significance and nature of these changes are not well understood, many of descriptive reports about distal sesamoid bone lesions are rarely accompanied by a complete and comprehensive comparisonwith animals of the control group. The aim of this study was to described histologically findings of the podrotrochlearapparatus components, allowing the understanding of the inserts and their microscopic appearance, thus providing thefuture recognize of their alterations.Materials, Methods & Results: Fourteen samples of the podotrochlear apparatus were taken out of 44 equine thoracic limbsspecimens, separated at the radiocarpal joint of Crioulo and Thoroughbred horses, with an average age of 6.0-year-old,coming from a private clinic in southern Brazil. The thoracic limbs specimens were refrigerated at 4ºC at the clinic and thenthey were sent to the University Federal of Santa Maria (UFSM). Once at the University laboratory, the specimens weredissected to isolate the podotrochlear apparatus from each one. Subsequently, transversal and longitudinal samples fromthe distal sesamoid bone, deep digital flexor tendo, distal sesamoid ligament, colateral sesamoid ligament, were collectedand podotrochlear bursa which were processed at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the UFSM and University Federalof Santa Catarina (UFSC). The tissues samples were fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution for 14 days and routinely processed for histology. The samples were sectioned at 3 µm and stained using the hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) routine method.The bone samples, after fixation, underwent a decalcified process in a formic acid-sodium citrate aqueous...(AU)

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Background: The navicular syndrome may be associated with alterations in other podotrochlear apparatus components,such as the deep digital flexor tendon, collareral sesamoid and distal sesamoid ligaments, podotrochlear bursa and distalsesamoid bone. However, the clinical significance and nature of these changes are not well understood, many of descriptive reports about distal sesamoid bone lesions are rarely accompanied by a complete and comprehensive comparisonwith animals of the control group. The aim of this study was to described histologically findings of the podrotrochlearapparatus components, allowing the understanding of the inserts and their microscopic appearance, thus providing thefuture recognize of their alterations.Materials, Methods & Results: Fourteen samples of the podotrochlear apparatus were taken out of 44 equine thoracic limbsspecimens, separated at the radiocarpal joint of Crioulo and Thoroughbred horses, with an average age of 6.0-year-old,coming from a private clinic in southern Brazil. The thoracic limbs specimens were refrigerated at 4ºC at the clinic and thenthey were sent to the University Federal of Santa Maria (UFSM). Once at the University laboratory, the specimens weredissected to isolate the podotrochlear apparatus from each one. Subsequently, transversal and longitudinal samples fromthe distal sesamoid bone, deep digital flexor tendo, distal sesamoid ligament, colateral sesamoid ligament, were collectedand podotrochlear bursa which were processed at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the UFSM and University Federalof Santa Catarina (UFSC). The tissues samples were fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution for 14 days and routinely processed for histology. The samples were sectioned at 3 µm and stained using the hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) routine method.The bone samples, after fixation, underwent a decalcified process in a formic acid-sodium citrate aqueous...

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Introducción: El cáncer de cuello uterino es un problema de salud pública mundial, y es la segunda causa de muerte en el Perú; su estudio se ha realizado más en poblaciones de grandes ciudades, dejando de lado otras poblaciones que podrían tener un riesgo significativo. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a los hallazgos citológicos anormales de cuello uterino en las mujeres de pescadores de una ciudad del norte peruano. Métodos: Investigación transversal analítica de datos secundarios, se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia en las mujeres con vida sexual activa de una población semi urbana del norte peruano. La variable principal fue el hallazgo de lesiones pre invasoras e invasoras del cuello uterino según la citología observada, se cruzó con otras variables sociales, ginecológicas y sexuales; encontrando estadísticos de asociación crudos y ajustados. Resultados: De las 144 encuestadas, el 20% tuvo una alteración citológica y el 26% no se habían realizado la prueba hace más de 3 años. El 14% fue positivo para lesión escamosa intra epitelial de bajo grado, el 1% tuvo un carcinoma escamoso invasor. Al realizar el análisis multivariado, se obtuvo una asociación entre lesión citológica y VPH (p<0,001), el tener inflamación severa (p<0,001), el tener un germen (p=0,001) y el haber iniciado las relaciones sexuales a los 14 años o menos (p=0,024), ajustado por el usar anticonceptivos y el haberse realizado un Papanicolaou. Conclusiones: Se reporta algunos factores asociados en una población sexualmente activa, que reflejan una gran prevalencia de lesiones asociada a factores que deben ser intervenidos.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a global public health problem, and is the second leading cause of death in Peru; the study was conducted more in populations of large cities, leaving aside other populations that could have a significant risk. Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with abnormal cervical cytologic findings in women of fishermen in a city in northern Peru. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical research of secondary data, convenience sampling was performed in women with active sex life in a semi urban population of northern Peru. The principal variable was the finding of pre invasive and invasive cervical lesions observed by cytology, crossed with other social, gynecological and sexual variables; statistical finding of crude and adjusted association. Results: Of the 144 respondents, 20% had a cytological alteration and the 26% had not taken the test over 3 years ago. 14% were positive for squamous intra epithelial lesion low grade, 1% had an invasive squamous carcinoma. When performing multivariate analysis, an association between cytological lesion and HPV (p<0.001), having severe inflammation (p<0.001), having a germ (p=0.001) and initiating sexual intercourse at age 14 or less (p=0.024), adjusted for contraceptive use and Pap tests have been done. Conclusions: Some associated factors in a sexually active population, reflecting a high prevalence of injury associated with factors that have to be operated.

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La dispepsia afecta la calidad de vida de muchos pacientes y en muchos casos está asociada a la infección por Helicobacter pylori. Esta bacteria es reconocida como el agente causal de la gastritis crónica, se asocia al desarrollo de úlceras gástrica y duodenal y está relacionada con el desarrollo de cáncer gástrico. Como objetivo primario se planteó establecer los hallazgos clínicos, endoscópicos e histológicos asociados a la infección por Helicobacter pylori considerando los genotipos cag A y vac A en pacientes con dispepsia que acudieron al Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital Central Universitario “Antonio María Pineda”. Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por los pacientes con dispepsia que acudieron al servicio y el muestreo fue de tipo no probabilístico intencional, puesto que se tomó a la población que consultó con síntomas dispépticos y que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos. Dichos pacientes se interrogaron sobre síntomas dispépticos, se les realizó endoscopia digestiva superior, se describieron los hallazgos endoscópicos y se les tomó muestra para estudio histológico y de genotipificación. Se encontró una incidencia de infección por H. pylori de 98,5%, la infección predominó en el sexo femenino, los genotipos cag A positivos y las formas alélicas m1/s1 son los más frecuentes en la población estudiada y, los mismos se asocian con gastritis crónica, úlceras gástricas y metaplasia intestinal incompleta...

Dyspepsia affects quality of life for many patients and often is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. This bacterium is recognized as the causative agent of chronic gastritis, is associated with development of gastric and duodenal ulcers and, with the development of gastric cancer. Primary objective was raised to establish the clinical, endoscopic and histological findings associated with Helicobacter pylori infection considering genotypes cag A and vac A in patients with dyspepsia who attended the Gastroenterology Service of Hospital Central Universitario “Antonio María Pineda”. This is a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study. The population consisted of patients with dyspepsia who attended the gastroenterology service. The sampling was intentionally non-probabilistic, since we only took the people who consulted with dyspeptic symptoms and met the established criteria of inclusion and exclusion. These patients were questioned about dyspeptic symptoms, underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, endoscopic findings were described and samples were taken for histology and genotyping. We found an incidence of H. pylori of 98.5%, infection prevailed in females, the genotypes cag A positive and m1/s1 allelic forms are most frequent in the population studied and, the same is associated with chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers and intestinal metaplasia incomplete...

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Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de alteraciones endoscópicas e histológicas del tracto digestivo en pacientes con IRC-T en hemodiálisis. Determinar la relación entre la presencia de síntomas y los hallazgos endoscópicos. Métodos: Estudiamos 55 pacientes con IRC-T en hemodiálisis en protocolo pretrasplante renal y 55 pacientes de la consulta de gastroenterología. Se realizó EDS y colonoscopia, con toma de biopsia independientemente de la presencia o no de lesiones. Se utilizó el X2 para las variables cualitativas con un valor de p<0.05, se realizó el cálculo del 95% intervalo de confianza. Resultados: De los 110 pacientes 70% presentó alteraciones en la EDS, de éstos 44.5% eran pacientes con IRC-T y 25.5% eran controles. La diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (p<0.0001). El hallazgo histológico más frecuente fue gastritis crónica activa. Predominaron los cambios inflamatorios de la mucosa sobre la enfermedad ulcerosa. No hubo diferencia significativa en la EDI. Los pólipos de colon y adenomas tubulares fueron más frecuentes en los pacientes con IRC-T. Conclusiones: Las lesiones gastrointestinales son más frecuentes en pacientes con IRC-T. Es necesaria la realización de estudios endoscópicos pre-transplante renal.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of endoscopic and histological changes in the digestive tract in patients with CRF-T in hemodialysis treatment and, to determine the relationship between the presence of symptoms and endoscopic findings. Methods: 55 patients in hemodialysis were studied with T-IRC on pre - kidney transplant protocol and, 55 patients from the gastroenterology unit. Upper endoscopy (UE) and colonoscopy with biopsy samples were performed, regardless of the presence of injuries. X2 was used for qualitative variables with a p-value <0.05, with 95% confidence interval. Results: Of 110 patients 70% had UE abnormalities, of which 44.5% were IRC - T patients and 25.5% were controls. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.0001). The most common histological finding was active chronic gastritis. Inflammatory changes of the mucosa predominated over ulcerative disease. There were no significant differences regarding colonoscopy. Colon polyps and tubular adenomas were more common in patients with CRF-T. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal lesions are more common in patients with CRF-T. Endoscopic evaluation in Pre - renal transplant patients are necessary.

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Introducción: Helicobacter pylori (HP), gastritis atrófica, metaplasia intestinal, displasia, carcinoma gástrico, son patologías gástricas, cuyo diagnóstico es histológico. Objetivo: Revisión de hallazgos histológicos obtenidos por biopsias del tracto digestivo superior en el Servicio de Gastroenterología "Dr. Simón Beker" en el Hospital General del Oeste "Dr. José Gregorio Hernández" Mayo 2006 - 2007. Pacientes Y Métodos: Se revisaron los archivos de biopsias del servicio, estudio retrospectivo, corte transversal, descriptivo. Análisis estadístico de las variables, cálculo de la media aritmética, mediana y desviación estándar y chi cuadrado. Resultados: 599 pacientes, 67,4% femenino, 32,5% masculino, edad promedio de 47,3 años, se encontró: gastritis crónica 49,4%, HP 37,6%, cardioesofagítis crónica 4,8%, duodenitis crónica 4,5%, esófago de Barrett 1,7%, esofagítis crónica 1,4%, duodenitis parasitaria 0,5%, metaplasia intestinal gástrica completa 1,1% e incompleta 1,8%, ADC poco diferenciado 0,9% y bien diferenciado 0,08%, hiperplasia foveolar 0,7%, pólipo hiperplásico esofágico y papiloma escamoso ulcerado 0,08. De 571 pacientes con gastritis crónica, 434 (76%) presentaron infección por HP, con una asociación estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión: gastritis crónica e infección por HP son los hallazgos histológicos más frecuentes en nuestro centro.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (HP), intestinal atrophic gastritis, intestinal methaplasy, dysplasia and gastric carcinoma are gastric pathologies that depend on a histological diagnosis. Objective: Revision of histological findings obtained by biopsies of the upper digestive tract in the "Dr. Simón Beker" Gastroenterology Service in the Hospital General del Oeste "Dr. Jose Gregorio Hernandez" May 2006 - 2007. Patients and Methods: Biopsies records of the Service were reviewed, a retrospective, cross sectional, descriptive study was performed; with statistic analysis of the variables, calculations of the arithmetic mean median, standard deviation and chi square. Results: 599 patients, 67.4% female, 32.5% male, mean age of 47.3 years, were found: chronic gastritis 49.4%, HP 37.6%, 4.8% chronic cardioesophagitis, chronic duodenitis 4 5%, 1.7% BarrettÊs esophagus, chronic esophagitis 1.4%, 0.5% duodenitis, complete gastric intestinal methaplasy 1.1% and incomplete 1.8%, poorly differentiated ADC 0.9% and well differentiated 0.08%, 0.7% foveolar hyperplasia, esophageal hyperplasic polyps and ulcerated squamous papilloma 0.08. Of 571 patients with chronic gastritis, 434 (76%) were infected by HP, with a statistically significant association. Conclusion: chronic gastritis and infection by HP are the histological more frequent findings at our center.