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1.
J Immigr Minor Health ; 19(5): 1207-1215, 2017 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27137526

RESUMO

The influence of the family is not well understood as it relates to drug use behaviors of Hispanic male adults. We examined the family's influence on drug use behavior, as perceived by Hispanic men who use heroin. One-time qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 current and former heroin users who participated in a larger study on long-term heroin use in Mexican-American men. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Three main themes emerged: family as a supportive environment for heroin use; heroin as a family legacy; and, the family's strategies for helping to stop using heroin. A sub-theme emerged on the paradox of family involvement, which spanned the three main themes. This research lays a foundation for future work to disentangle the risks and benefits of family involvement to inform culturally-centered therapies and cultural adaptations to traditional therapeutic approaches with Mexican-American men who abuse drugs.


Assuntos
Relações Familiares/etnologia , Heroína , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Abuso de Substâncias por Via Intravenosa/etnologia , Aculturação , Idoso , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Percepção , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Apoio Social
2.
Colomb Med (Cali) ; 44(1): 19-25, 2013 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24892317

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence and compare some genetic markers involved in addictive behavior in a group of addicts to derivative of coca (cocaine/crack) or heroin and a control group of non-addicted people matched for gender, age and ethnicity. METHODS: A 120 addicts and 120 non-addicts Colombian male were surveyed and genotyped for 18 polymorphism of the OPRM1, DRD2, DRD4, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, ABCB1, DßH and CYP2B6 genes. For the identification of alleles markers were used mini-sequencing and fragment multiplex PCR techniques; ethnicity of cases and controls was analyzed with 61 AIMs. RESULTS: The age of onset use of heroin or coca derivatives (cocaine/crack) was 16.5±6 years and 99.2% of them consume several illicit drugs. It showed that controls and addicts belong to the same ethnic group. Significant differences between addicts and controls in relation to schooling, marital status, social security family history of substance abuse (p <0.001), Int8-VNTR SLC6A3 gene (p= 0.015) and SNP 3435C>T ABCB1 gene (p= 0.001) were found. CONCLUSION: The present results indicate that the VNTR- 6R polymorphism of the gene SLC6A3 and the genotype 3435CC in the ABCB1 gene, are both associated with addictive behavior to heroin or cocaine.


OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia y comparar marcadores genéticos involucrados en conducta adictiva en un grupo de adictos a cocaína/crack o heroína y en un grupo control de no adictos apareados por g énero, edad y etnicidad. METODOLOGÍA: 120 varones adictos y 120 no adictos fueron encuestados y genotipificados para 18 alelos de los genes OPRM1, DßH, DRD2, DRD4, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, ABCB1 y CYP2B6. Para la identificación de los diferentes alelos se utilizaron las técnicas de minisecuenciaci ón y multiplex PCR. La etnicidad de casos y controles fue analizada con 61 marcadores ancestro-informativos. RESULTADOS: La edad de inicio en el consumo de heroína o derivados de la coca fue de 16.5±6 años y el 99.2% de ellos eran policonsumidores. Los controles y los adictos pertenecen al mismo grupo étnico. Diferencias significativas entre adictos y controles fueron encontradas en relación con escolaridad (p <0.001), estado civil (p <0.001), seguridad social (p <0.001) e historia familiar de drogadicción (p <0.001), genotipo int8-VNTR del gen SLC6A3 (p= 0.015) y al SNP 3435C>T (rs1045642) del gen ABCB1 (p= 0.001). CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados indican que el polimorfismo VNTR-6R del gen SLC6A3 y el genotipo 3435CC en el gen ABCB1, están asociados con conducta adictiva a heroína o cocaína.

3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 79: 391-401, 2005 Jun 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28272387

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Heroin use has stabilized in recent years in Spain, and the use of injected heroin having decreased. Nevertheless,major differences exist among different Autonomous Communities and among injected heroin users profile. This study is aimed at ascertaining the forms of heroin use (how administered) in an intentional sample of users in a situation of social exclusion andsome variables related to said forms of use. METHODS: The sample was comprised of 285 participants (82.8% males; average age 36.06). This study was conducted in the city of Granada in July-October 2002. Structured surveys conducted by onthe-street interviewers and individuals having knowledge of the environment («peers¼) using the «snowball¼ technique. RESULTS: A total of 48.4% of the participants alternate inhaled and intravenous heroin use; 25.6% using only inhaled and 25.6% only intravenous. Following a regression analysis, it was found that the females, the youngest users and those having started use at an older age were at less risk of intravenous heroin use. A total of 21.5% of the participants who started using heron in inhaled form, also currently use both the injected and inhaled forms, the remaining 79.5% continue to use the inhaled form. CONCLUSIONS: Among individuals in a situation of social exclusion the intravenous form exceeds the estimated percentages in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia.


OBJETIVO: En los últimos años el consumo de heroína en España se ha estabilizado y el uso de la vía inyectada ha disminuido. No obstante existen importantes diferencias entre comunidades y entre los consumidores por la vía inyectada. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer vías de administración de heroína en una muestra intencional de usuarios en situación de exclusión social y algunas de las variables que se asocian con ellas. METODOS: La muestra se compone de 285 participantes (hombres 82,8%; edad media 36,06). El estudio se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de Granada entre julio y octubre de 2002. Se realizaron entrevistas estructuradas por trabajadores de calle y personas conocedoras del medio (iguales), utilizando la técnica de «bola de nieve¼. RESULTADOS: El 48,4% de los participantes consumen heroína por vía pulmonar e intravenosa; el 25,6% la consumen sólo por vía pulmonar; y un 25,6% sólo intravenosa. Tras un análisis de regresión se observa que las mujeres, los participantes más jóvenes y los que se han iniciado más tarde en el consumo son quienes menos tienden a utilizar la vía intravenosa. De los participantes que se iniciaron con inhalación el 21,5% actualmente además de inhalar también se inyectan, y el 79,5% restante se mantiene en la vía por inhalación. CONCLUSIONES: Las personas en situación de exclusión social utilizan la vía intravenosa en porcentajes superiores al resto de la comunidad andaluza.

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