RESUMO
Intervention programs aimed at mitigating the effects of chronic noncommunicable disease (CNDs) focus on promoting healthy lifestyle habits (HLH), especially in the early stages of life. Because of this, different typologies of caregivers have been identified according to HLH during middle childhood and adolescence. However, the available studies have focused on aspects such as nutrition, physical activity, and rest, ignoring other HLHs that are equally important for children's well-being. Likewise, few studies address HLH during the first five years of life and how caregivers affect children's health. In a sample of 544 caregivers of children aged zero to five years from low-income Colombian communities, we established a typology of attitudes toward different HLHs. The results indicate the presence of three clusters that grouped caregivers with (1) positive attitudes toward all HLHs, (2) toward some HLHs, and (3) relatively low positive attitudes toward all HLHs. Membership in clusters with less positive attitudes toward HLHs was also found to be associated with low educational levels and living in rural areas. This study detected profiles of caregivers who may have unhealthy lifestyles, so the results would allow social workers to design differential interventions on HLHs in non-industrialized countries.
Assuntos
Cuidadores , Populações Vulneráveis , Humanos , Cuidadores/psicologia , Cuidadores/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Colômbia , Adulto , Lactente , Análise por Conglomerados , Populações Vulneráveis/psicologia , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recém-Nascido , Adulto JovemRESUMO
La práctica de taekwondo, en el confinamiento de la pandemia del COVID 19, guarda relación con los hábitos de vida saludables y autoconcepto físico. En tal sentido, se determinó como el objetivo de esta investigación identificar las relaciones que puedan producirse entre las respuestas al CAF (Cuestionario de autoconcepto físico) y hábitos de vida saludables de los practicantes de taekwondo a nivel nacional. Se implementó un diseño ex post facto de carácter retrospectivo y correlacional, donde las variables independientes no son susceptibles de manipulación, se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico discrecional, cuya muestra la componen 423 deportistas de taekwondo entre 12 y 58 años. Los participantes cumplimentaron el Cuestionario de autoconcepto físico (CAF) y el Cuestionario de hábitos de vida saludables. Los resultados, comprueban la importancia de los entrenamientos en confinamiento de taekwondo como aporte de una vida saludable, en relación con su propia percepción del autoconcepto físico de los participantes. Se concluyó que la práctica del taekwondo en época de pandemia aportó significativamente en el cuidado y desarrollo de los hábitos de vida saludables.
A prática do Taekwondo, no confinamento da pandemia da COVID-19, está relacionada a hábitos de vida saudáveis e ao autoconceito físico. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar as relações que podem ocorrer entre as respostas ao CAF (Questionário de Autoconceito Físico) e os hábitos de vida saudável dos praticantes de Taekwondo em nível nacional. Foi implementado um projeto retrospectivo e correlacional ex post facto, em que as variáveis independentes não são suscetíveis de manipulação. Foi utilizada uma amostragem não probabilística discreta, com uma amostra de 423 atletas de taekwondo entre 12 e 58 anos de idade. Os participantes preencheram o Questionário de Autoconceito Físico (CAF) e o Questionário de Hábitos de Estilo de Vida Saudável. Os resultados comprovam a importância do treinamento de confinamento do taekwondo como contribuição para um estilo de vida saudável, em relação à percepção dos próprios participantes sobre seu autoconceito físico. Concluiu-se que a prática do taekwondo em tempos de pandemia contribuiu significativamente para o cuidado e o desenvolvimento de hábitos de vida saudáveis.
The practice of Taekwondo, in the confinement of the COVID19 pandemic, is related to healthy lifestyle habits and physical self-concept. In this sense, the objective of this research was determined to identify the relationships that may occur between the responses to the CAF (Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire) and healthy lifestyle habits of Taekwondo practitioners nationwide. An ex post facto design of a retrospective and correlational nature was implemented, where the independent variables are not susceptible to manipulation, a discretionary non-probabilistic sampling was used, which sample is made up of 423 taekwondo athletes between 12 and 58 years old. The participants completed the Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire (CAF) and the Healthy Life Habits questionnaire. The results prove the importance of Taekwondo confinement training as a contribution to a healthy life, in relation to their own perception of the participants' physical self-concept. It was concluded that the practice of taekwondo during the pandemic contributed significantly to the care and development of healthy lifestyle habits.
RESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic, behavioral, and biological profile and its relationship with the emergence of chronic non-communicable diseases in riverside populations in the Xingu region, Pará, Brazil. Characteristics related to health indicators and which risk factors are considered most important were analyzed. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study. The sample consisted of riverside people of over 18 years of both sexes. The sample size (n = 86) was calculated with a confidence level of 95% and a sample error of 5%. The K-means clustering algorithm was adopted through an unsupervised method to divide the groups, and the values were expressed as a median. For continuous and categorical data, the Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests were used, respectively, and the significance level was set at p < 5%. The multi-layer perceptron algorithm was applied to classify the degree of importance of each variable. Based on this information, the sample was divided into two groups: the group with low or no education, with bad habits and worse health conditions, and the group with opposite characteristics. The risk factors considered for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in the groups were low education (p < 0.001), sedentary lifestyle (p < 0.01), smoking, alcoholism, body mass index (p < 0.05), and waist-hip ratio, with values above the expected being observed in both groups. The factors considered important so as to be considered to have good health condition or not were the educational and social conditions of these communities, and one part of the riverside population was considered healthier than the other.
Assuntos
Comportamento Sedentário , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Índice de Massa Corporal , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The use of information and communication technologies in the health field is known as eHealth. Nowadays, the application of technological and digital tools for maintaining/improving physical and mental health is experiencing an exponential boom. These tools have been perceived as a powerful support for face-to-face therapies and lifestyle changes. Nevertheless, there is not enough scientific research that analyses the impact and consequences of eHealth interventions. More studies are needed to validate its application. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of eHealth tools in a programme called ePSICONUT. This programme was created to promote healthy lifestyle habits in university students. The sample consisted of 16 university students from the Dominican Republic aged 18−24 years (x¯ = 20.69; s = 1.74). ePSICONUT was developed in 12 weeks and its impact was analyzed by comparing the initial and the final psychological and lifestyle tests results, which were completed online by the participants. Results reported that the professionally supervised use of eHealth tools was associated with better psychological well-being, lees anxiety and depression, and better lifestyle habits (such as diet quality), even in stressful and changing situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic circumstances. However, more studies are needed to validate and promote the use of eHealth-based intervention programmes.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Telemedicina , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Humanos , Saúde Mental , Pandemias , Estudantes/psicologia , Telemedicina/métodos , UniversidadesRESUMO
Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar las percepciones de la enfermedad que se asocian con hábitos de vida saludable en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas en Medellín y municipios aledaños. Método: Estudio prospectivo correlacional basado en la aplicación del cuestionario breve de percepciones de la enfermedad (BIPQ), cuestionario de la salud del paciente (PHQ-9), cuestionario de ansiedad generalizada (GAD-7) y un cuestionario de hábitos de vida saludable. Participaron 51 pacientes con diferentes enfermedades crónicas: migraña, cáncer de seno, diabetes, artritis reumatoide, enfermedad cardiovascular e hipertensión arterial primaria. La evaluación de los hábitos de vida saludable se llevó a cabo tres meses después. Resultados: Se encontró que en promedio los participantes comprenden su enfermedad (M = 8,09, D.T. = 2,48), perciben que sus acciones (M = 7,06, D.T. = 2,79) y el tratamiento (M = 7,89, D.T. = 2,69) la controlan y que esta tiene un carácter crónico (M = 7,49, D.T. = 3,16); que hay correlaciones entre los hábitos de vida saludables (HVS) con la percepción de consecuencias de forma negativa, y la identidad y preocupación emocional de manera positiva (p < 0,05). Además, que una relación lineal entre las consecuencias (Beta = 0,391) y la preocupación emocional por la enfermedad (Beta = 0,311) con los HVS, F (5, 45) = 2,707, p < 0,05. Las proporciones de depresión y ansiedad en la muestra fueron similares a las de la población general. Conclusiones: La percepción de que una enfermedad tiene consecuencias negativas y la preocupación por esta lleva a la implementación de comportamientos saludables.
Abstract Objective: This paper aims to assess illness perceptions associated with healthy lifestyle habits in patients with chronic diseases in Medellin and surrounding municipalities. Method: A prospective correlational study was conducted using a brief illness perceptions questionnaire (BIPQ), a patient's health questionnaire (PHQ-9), a generalized anxiety questionnaire (GAD-7) and a healthy habits questionnaire. 51 patients with different chronic diseases were sampled, illness such as: migraine, breast cancer, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and primary arterial hypertension. The assessment of healthy lifestyle habits (HLH) was done three months later. Results: It was found, as a result, that people with chronic diseases understand their illness (M = 8.09, S.D. = 2.48); some of them perceive that their actions (M = 7.06, S.D. = 2.79) and others perceive that their treatment (M = 7.89, S.D. = 2.69) control their diseases and that they have a chronic nature (M = 7.49, S.D. = 3.16). Significant correlations were found between HLH and the perception of consequences in a negative way, and the emotional identity and concern in a positive way (p < 0.05). A linear relationship was found between consequences (Beta = 0.391) and the emotional concern (Beta = 0.311) for the disease with HLH, F (5. 45) = 2.707, p < 0.05. The proportion of depression and anxiety in the sample was similar to general population. Conclusions: The perception that a disease has negative consequences and the concern for it leads to the implementation of healthy behaviors.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Percepção , Doença Crônica , Questionário de Saúde do PacienteRESUMO
Physical activity has a protective effect on brain function in older people. Here, we briefly reviewed the studies and results related to the effects of exercise on cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The main findings from the current body of literature indicate positive evidence for structured physical activity (cardiorespiratory and resistance exercise) as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for preventing cognitive decline. More studies are needed to determine the mechanisms involved in this preventative effect, including on strength, cardiorespiratory, and other types of exercise. Thus, the prevention of Alzheimer's disease may depend on healthy lifestyle habits, such as a structured physical fitness program.