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Introduction: The interpersonal behavior questionnaire (IBQ) is an instrument that measures support and thwarting interpersonal behaviors based on the self-determination theory (SDT). The aim of this work was to adapt the IBQ to the Spanish spoken in Mexico and to examine its psychometric properties (structural validity, discriminant validity, composite reliability, factorial invariance, and nomological validity) in a sample of athletes. Methods: For this purpose, 472 athletes (average age 17.15 years; SD = 1.47) completed a question booklet. Results and discussion: Confirmatory factor analysis supported the structure of six related factors, three factors of behaviors that support autonomy, competence, and relatedness, and three factors of behaviors that thwarting them. The internal consistency of each factor was also supported, as well as the average variance extracted. However, the discriminant validity between the factors of competence and relatedness in their dimensions of support, on the one hand, and thwarting, on the other, is questioned. Factorial invariance was confirmed across gender (men and women) and sport type (individual and team). Nomological validity is in accordance with theory and empirical literature. More studies of the IBQ in sport are necessary to see if these results are a fortuitous product or if they manifest themselves consistently.

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Objetivo: Com esta reflexão a autora pretende contribuir para uma maior compreensão dos fenómenos grupais presentes no trabalho de articulação (inter)institucional dos vários profissionais que intervêm na área da saúde mental comunitária. Metodologia: Partindo da sua experiência a autora reflete sobre as múltiplas formas de resistência que podemos encontrar nos grupos de profissionais que intervêm na área da saúde mental comunitária, nomeadamente as resistências que diretamente se manifestam na articulação de âmbito interinstitucional entre profissionais relacionando, de entre outros, o conceito de anti-grupo, cunhado por Morris Nitsun, com os entraves ao funcionamento destes grupos (inter)institucionais. Resultados: São identificados os fenómenos agressivos e destrutivos que se podem constituir como resistências e proposta a sua origem nos mecanismos psíquicos como a transferência, clivagens, deslocamentos, projeções e identificações projetivas. Conclusões: O pensamento e compreensão grupanalítica do funcionamento dos grupos de trabalho é fundamental para que o potencial agressivo e destrutivo dos grupos não seja desvalorizado, ignorado ou estimulado, contribuindo para o seu sucesso.

Objective: With this reflection, the author intends to contribute to a greater understanding of the group phenomena present in the work of inter-institutional articulation in the field of community mental health. Metodology: Based on her experience, the author reflects on the multiple forms of resistance that we can find in groups of professionals who intervene in the area of community mental health, namely the resistance that directly manifests itself in the inter-institutional articulation between professionals relating, among others, the anti-group concept, coined by Morris Nitsun, with the obstacles to the functioning of these inter-institutional groups. Results: Aggressive and destructive phenomena that can constitute resistances are identified and their origin is proposed in internal mechanisms such as transference, cleavages, projections and projective identifications. Conclusions: A groupanalytic thinking and understanding of the functioning of inter-institutional work groups is essencial so that the aggressive and destructive potential of groups is not devalued, ignored or stimulated, contributing to their success.

Objetivo: Con esta reflexión, el autor pretende contribuir a una mayor comprensión de los fenómenos grupales presentes en el trabajo de articulación interinstitucional en el campo de la salud mental comunitaria. Metodología: A partir de su experiencia, la autora reflexiona sobre las múltiples formas de resistencia que podemos encontrar en los grupos de profesionales que intervienen en el área de la salud mental comunitaria, a saber, la resistencia que se manifiesta directamente en la articulación interinstitucional entre profesionales que se relacionan, entre otros, el concepto de antigrupo, acuñado por Morris Nitsun, con los obstáculos para el funcionamiento de estos grupos interinstitucionales. Resultados: Se identifican fenómenos agressivos y destructivos que pueden constituir resistência y se propone su origen en mecanismos psíquicos como la transferência, escisiones, desplazamientos, proyecciones y identificaciones proyectivas. Conclusiones: El pensamiento grupoanalítico y la comprensión del funcionamento de los grupos de trabajo es fundamental para que el potencial agressivo y destructivo de los grupos no sea devaluado, ignorado o estimulado, contribuyendo a su éxito.

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Trata-se de uma extensa e sistemática revisão crítica sobre o livro intitulado: " Psychoanalysis, Group Analysis and Beyond - Towards a New Paradigm of the Human Being" da autoria de dois grupanalistas e psicanalistas de nacionalidade mexicana, sendo ele, argentino de nascimento, respetivamente, Juan Tubert-Oklander e Reyna Hernández-Tubert, os quais apoiados numa ampla e atualíssima bibliografia, propõem algumas novas ideias sobre como pensarmos e compreendermos as Pessoas dentro dos seus contextos familiares, sociais e políticos, enquanto seres de dupla natureza, biológica e psíquica/mental a partir de dinâmicas biopsíquicas, ora inconscientes, ora conscientes que se expressam a diferentes níveis da comunicação e da relação (intrapsíquica, interpessoal e transpessoal). Nesta coletânea de artigos publicados nos últimos 25 anos, nós encontramos propostas bastante corajosas e inovadoras todas elas escrita num elegante estilo. Os textos estão apoiados por uma sólida estrutura argumentativa e epistemológica com o propósito de pensarmos e revermos algumas das nossas " visões" sobre o que é ser-se Pessoa, propondo linhas de pensamento no sentido de desenvolver novos paradigmas conceptuais, por exemplo, como acabar com a oposição altamente problemática do que é " individual" perante do que é " coletivo" ( Tubert-Oklander, 2014).

This is an extensive and systematic critical review of the book entitled: "Psychoanalysis, Group Analysis and Beyond - Towards a New Paradigm of the Human Being" by two groups and psychoanalysts of Mexican nationality, being he, Argentinian of birth, respectively, Juan Tubert-Oklander and Reyna Hernández-Tubert, who supported in a wide and current bibliography, propose some new ideas on how to think and understand the People within their family, social and political contexts, as beings of dual nature, biological and psychic/mental from biopsychic dynamics, or unconscious, or conscious that express themselves at different levels of communication and relationship (intra-psyche, interpersonal and transpersonal). In this collection of articles published in the last 25 years, we find very bold and innovative proposals all written in an elegant style. The texts are supported by a solid argumentative and epistemological structure with the purpose of thinking and reviewing some of our " visions" about what it is to be a Person, proposing lines of thought to develop new conceptual paradigms, for example, how to end the highly problematic opposition of what is " individual" before what is " collective" ( Tubert-Oklander, 2014).

Se trata de una extensa y sistemática revisión crítica del libro titulado: "Psicoanálisis, Análisis grupal y más allá - Hacia un nuevo paradigma del ser humano" por dos grupos y psicoanalistas de nacionalidad mexicana, siendo él, argentino de nacimiento, respectivamente, Juan Tubert-Oklander y Reyna Hernández-Tubert, quienes apoyados en una amplia y actual bibliografía, proponen algunas nuevas ideas sobre cómo pensar y entender al Pueblo dentro de su contextos familiares, sociales y políticos, como seres de naturaleza dual, biológicos y psíquicos/mentales a partir de dinámicas biopsíquicas, o inconscientes, o conscientes que se expresan en diferentes niveles de comunicación y relación (intrapsiquica, interpersonal y transpersonal). En esta colección de artículos publicados en los últimos 25 años, encontramos propuestas muy audaces e innovadoras todas escritas en un estilo elegante. Los textos se apoyan en una sólida estructura argumentativa y epistemológica con el propósito de pensar y revisar algunas de nuestras " visiones" sobre lo que es ser una Persona, proponiendo líneas de pensamiento para desarrollar nuevos paradigmas conceptuales, por ejemplo, cómo terminar con la oposición altamente problemática de lo que es " individual" perante lo que es " colectivo" ( Tubert-Oklander, 2014).

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The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the measurement of invariance by sex, age, and educational level of an online version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale in a five-item version (GAD-5). Configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance were evaluated using data from 79,473 respondents who answered a mental health questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. The sex variable was classified as male or female; age was categorized as minors, youth, young adults, adults, and older adults; and educational level was divided into basic, upper secondary, higher, and graduate education. To test for configural invariance, confirmatory factor models were constructed. For metric invariance, equality restrictions were established for the factor loadings between the construct and its items; for scalar invariance, equality restrictions were established between the intercepts; strict variance implied the additional restriction of the residuals. Statistical analysis was performed in R software with the lavaan package. The results show that with respect to sex, age, and educational level, configural and metric measurement invariance was confirmed (ΔCFI < 0.002; ΔRMSEA < 0.015). However, with respect to scalar and strict invariance, the results showed significant differences regarding the fit model (ΔCFI > 0.002; ΔRMSEA > 0.015). We conclude that the GAD-5 presents configural and metric invariance for sex, age, and educational level, and scalar invariance for sex and age groups. However, the scale does not demonstrate strict invariance. We discuss the implications and suggest that this result could be related to the evaluation of sociodemographic variables.

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As most studies on the link between peer status and prosocial behavior are cross-sectional, conducted with children, and operationalize status as the difference between acceptance and rejection, it remains unclear whether peer acceptance and rejection are consequences or prerequisites of prosocial behavior in adolescence. To fill this gap, this study examines the bidirectional associations of prosocial behavior with peer acceptance and peer rejection with data collected at 3 time points, 6 months apart, in a sample of 660 early Chilean adolescents (M = 12.94, SD = 0.62; 55.1% boys). Cross-lagged panel analyses showed that prosocial behavior positively predicted future peer acceptance, whereas peer acceptance had no significant effect on future prosocial behavior. The association between rejection and prosocial behavior was negative and bidirectional between Time 1 and Time 2. When a new academic year began, between Time 2 and Time 3, prosocial behavior negatively predicted rejection, whereas rejection in the previous grade level was positively associated with prosocial behavior at the beginning of the next grade. Multi-group panel analyses did not detect significant differences between boys and girls in the cross-lagged associations of prosociality with peer acceptance and peer rejection. The results suggest that acting prosocially can make adolescents better liked by their peers and highlight the possible importance of the transition to a new academic year for the prosocial behavior of previously rejected students. Implications for future research on peer relations are discussed.

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A autora aborda, sucintamente, a sucessiva emergência de paradigmas em psicanálise e o estabelecimento na atualidade de um diálogo com as neurociências com ênfase nos seus aportes sobre a neurobiologia da memória. Termina fazendo uma breve reflexão das implicações dos factos apontados sobre o devir da grupanálise.

The autor addresses the successive emergence of paradigms in psychoanalysis and the establishment, today, of a dialogue with neurosciences with emphasis on the contributions to the neurobiology of memory. It ends with a brief reflection on the possible implications of the facts pointed out in the future of the group analysis.

El autor aborda, brevemente, la sucessiva emergência de paradigmas en psicoanálisis y entabla un diálogo com las neurociências com énfasis en contribuciones sobre a neurobiologia de la memoria. Termina com una breve reflexión sobre las posibles implicaciones de los hechos señalados en el transcurso del grupoanálisis.

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The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the SOC-13 in Colombian adults. The SOC-13 questionnaire was administered to 489 individuals aged ≥18 years who were in lockdown from March to July 2020 in Nariño County, Colombia. Psychometric properties of the scale were examined using a cross-validation method via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Additionally, configural and metric invariance were tested. To determine the internal consistency of the questionnaire, McDonald's omega (ω), Cronbach's alpha (α), and composite reliability (CR) coefficients were estimated. The EFA determined that a three-factor structure best fit the data (comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness) and CFA confirmed this three-factor model structure showing a good fit (χ2S-B = 188.530, χ2S-B/(62) = 3.615, p = 0.001; NNFI = 0.959; CFI = 0.968; RMSEA = 0.052 (90% CI [0.041-0.063]) and SRMR = 0.052).The invariance analysis indicated the same underlying theoretical structure between genders. Additionally, (ω), (α), and (CR) coefficients confirmed a high internal consistency of the instrument. The SOC-13 scale, reflecting comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness, is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the sense of coherence in Colombian populations.

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INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Even though the term hepatocellular carcinoma designates the most common type of primary liver cancer, the disease has a high level of heterogeneity due to its etiology, geographic variation, behavior, and association with specific genetic alterations. The aim of the present study was to establish, through a cluster analysis, the clinical characteristics that enable homogeneous conglomerates to be defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An exploratory cluster analysis was developed utilizing the K-means method for sub-classifying 119 cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Sixty-two of those patients met the inclusion criteria, as well as none of the exclusion criteria. For the cluster analysis, an n-dimensional space was defined, in which n was equal to the number of variables included in the study (n = 17). The spatial coordinates corresponded to any possible magnitude between the minimum and maximum values of the variables analyzed (age, sex, tumor volume, AFP, AST, DB, Alb, Na, INR, Cr, HBV, HCV, OH, NASH, cirrhosis, multiple tumors, and neotumor). RESULTS: Four patterns with homogeneous clinical characteristics were identified, in which age at presentation, history of hepatitis B virus infection, altered liver profile with cholestatic dominance, and low albumin levels were associated with an apparently worse outcome. CONCLUSIONS: How heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma could be reduced was shown through utilizing an unsupervised learning method to define specific subgroups, in whom known pathophysiologic mechanisms could better explain tumor behavior and define the determining prognostic factors related to the subgroups.

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RESUMO Discute-se o processo de implementação de um ambulatório que oferta psicoterapia de grupo com base psicanalítica às crianças, adolescentes e adultos expostos à violência, adscritos à região Norte de Campinas-SP. A implementação acontecerá no Hospital Universitário - Unicamp, em parceria com o Laboratório de Saúde Coletiva e Saúde Mental - Interfaces, a Assistência Social e de Saúde da Prefeitura Municipal de Campinas. Objetiva-se qualificar a assistência e articulação da rede de serviços públicos no território (Atenção Primária à Saúde e Assistência Social), ofertando-se apoio matricial e seguimento conjunto dos casos; e construir evidências sobre a efetividade da psicanálise de grupo na terapia de transtornos associados à exposição à violência. Utilizar a psicanálise justifica-se no contexto da abordagem e da prevenção à violência na medida em que espaços seguros de escuta possibilitam à pessoa em situação de exposição à violência um lugar de legitimação do sofrimento, elaboração e ressignificação da experiência traumática; do contrário há riscos de invalidar, negar, calar e perpetuar a violência naturalizando-a. A psicanálise tem contribuições significativas para compreensão das causas e consequências individuais e coletivas da violência, bem como para intervir e prevenir a transmissão transgeracional por meio de dispositivos terapêuticos que consideram os níveis coletivo, intersubjetivo e intrapsíquico.

ABSTRACT The process of implementation of an outpatient clinic offering psychoanalytic group psychotherapy to children, adolescents and adults exposed to violence, assigned to the northern region of Campinas-SP, is discussed. The implementation will take place at the University Hospital - Unicamp, in partnership with the Collective Health and Mental Health Laboratory - Interfaces, the Social and Health Care of the Campinas City Hall. The objective is to qualify the assistance and articulation of the public services network in the territory (Primary Health Care and Social Assistance), offering matrix support and joint follow-up of cases; and to build evidence on the effectiveness of group psychoanalysis in the therapy of disorders associated with exposure to violence. Using psychoanalysis is justified in the context of the approach and prevention of violence as safe listening spaces allow the person in a situation of exposure to violence a place of legitimation of suffering, elaboration and resignification of traumatic experience; otherwise there are risks of invalidating, denying, silencing and perpetuating violence by naturalizing it. Psychoanalysis has significant contributions to understand the individual and collective causes and consequences of violence, as well as to intervene and prevent transgenerational transmission through therapeutic devices that consider the collective, intersubjective and intrapsychic levels.

RESUMEN Se discute el proceso de implementación de una clínica ambulatoria que ofrece psicoterapia grupal psicoanalítica a niños, adolescentes y adultos expuestos a la violencia, asignados a la región norte de Campinas-SP. La implementación tendrá lugar en el Hospital Universitario - Unicamp, en colaboración con el Laboratorio de Salud Colectiva y Salud Mental - Interfaces, la Atención Social y de Salud del Ayuntamiento de Campinas. El objetivo es calificar la asistencia y articulación de la red de servicios públicos en el territorio (Atención Primaria de Salud y Asistencia Social), ofreciendo apoyo matricial y seguimiento conjunto de casos; y para construir evidencia sobre la efectividad del psicoanálisis grupal en la terapia de trastornos asociados con la exposición a la violencia. El uso del psicoanálisis se justifica en el contexto del enfoque y la prevención de la violencia, ya que los espacios seguros de escucha permiten a la persona en una situación de exposición a la violencia un lugar de legitimación del sufrimiento, elaboración y resignificación de la experiencia traumática; de lo contrario, existe el riesgo de invalidar, negar, silenciar y perpetuar la violencia al naturalizarla. El psicoanálisis tiene contribuciones significativas para comprender las causas y consecuencias individuales y colectivas de la violencia, así como para intervenir y prevenir la transmisión transgeneracional a través de dispositivos terapéuticos que consideran los niveles colectivos, intersubjetivos e intrapsíquicos.

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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Even though the term hepatocellular carcinoma designates the most common type of primary liver cancer, the disease has a high level of heterogeneity due to its etiology, geographic variation, behavior, and association with specific genetic alterations. The aim of the present study was to establish, through a cluster analysis, the clinical characteristics that enable homogeneous conglomerates to be defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An exploratory cluster analysis was developed utilizing the K-means method for sub-classifying 119 cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Sixty-two of those patients met the inclusion criteria, as well as none of the exclusion criteria. For the cluster analysis, an n-dimensional space was defined, in which n was equal to the number of variables included in the study (n = 17). The spatial coordinates corresponded to any possible magnitude between the minimum and maximum values of the variables analyzed (age, sex, tumor volume, AFP, AST, DB, Alb, Na, INR, Cr, HBV, HCV, OH, NASH, cirrhosis, multiple tumors, and neotumor). RESULTS: Four patterns with homogeneous clinical characteristics were identified, in which age at presentation, history of hepatitis B virus infection, altered liver profile with cholestatic dominance, and low albumin levels were associated with an apparently worse outcome. CONCLUSION: How heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma could be reduced was shown through utilizing an unsupervised learning method to define specific subgroups, in whom known pathophysiologic mechanisms could better explain tumor behavior and define the determining prognostic factors related to the subgroups.

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Neural responses of oddball tasks can be used as a physiological biomarker to evaluate the brain potential of information processing under the assumption that the differential contribution of deviant stimuli can be assessed accurately. Nevertheless, the non-stationarity of neural activity causes the brain networks to fluctuate hugely in time, deteriorating the estimation of pairwise synergies. To deal with the time variability of neural responses, we have developed a piecewise multi-subject analysis that is applied over a set of time intervals within the stationary assumption holds. To segment the whole stimulus-locked epoch into multiple temporal windows, we experimented with two approaches for piecewise segmentation of EEG recordings: a fixed time-window, at which the estimates of FC measures fulfill a given confidence level, and variable time-window, which is segmented at the change points of the time-varying classifier performance. Employing the weighted Phase Lock Index as a functional connectivity metric, we have presented the validation in a real-world EEG data, proving the effectiveness of variable time segmentation for connectivity extraction when combined with a supervised thresholding approach. Consequently, we performed a piecewise group-level analysis of electroencephalographic data that deals with non-stationary functional connectivity measures, evaluating more carefully the contribution of a link node-set in discriminating between the labeled oddball responses.

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Connectivity studies of the brain are usually based on functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) experiments involving many subjects. These studies need to take into account not only the interaction between areas of a single brain but also the differences amongst those subjects. In this paper we develop a methodology called the group-structure (GS) approach that models possible heterogeneity between subjects and searches for distinct homogeneous sub-groups according to some measure that reflects the connectivity maps. We suggest a GS method that uses a novel distance based on a model selection measure, the Bayes factor. We then develop a new class of Multiregression Dynamic Models to estimate individual networks whilst acknowledging a GS type dependence structure across subjects. We compare the efficacy of this methodology to three other methods, virtual-typical-subject (VTS), individual-structure (IS) and common-structure (CS), used to infer a group network using both synthetic and real fMRI data. We find that the GS approach provides results that are both more consistent with the data and more flexible in their interpretative power than its competitors. In addition, we present two methods, the Individual Estimation of Multiple Networks (IEMN) and the Marginal Estimation of Multiple Networks (MEMN), generated from the GS approach and used to estimate all types of networks informed by an experiment -individual, homogeneous subgroups and group networks. These methods are then compared both from a theoretical perspective and in practice using real fMRI data.

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Recent research that relates parenting with adolescent adjustment has shown the importance of considering the cultural context of the relationship. New results are emerging when considering the classical four-typologies model of parental socialization in some European and South-American countries. Among the instruments used in this emergent research is the Parental Socialization Scale ESPA29. This scale is a bi-dimensional parenting instrument that was specifically developed to measure the four parenting typologies, through the dimensions of acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition. This study examines the good fit of the orthogonal bi-factor model based on the ESPA29 versus one-dimensional and bi-dimensional oblique alternative models, with three adolescent samples from 12 to 17 years old (53.4% girls), from Spain (N = 826), Portugal (N = 752), and Brazil (N = 628). We applied structural equation models (SEMs) to analyze the fit of the models to the data. The results confirm a better fit to the data for the orthogonal bi-factor model versus one-dimensional and bi-dimensional oblique alternative models across country, adolescent sex, and the three age groups. Additionally, the convergent validity of the scale was proved by showing the relation of the two parenting dimensions with self-concept. The results guarantee the adequacy of the ESPA29 to measure parenting styles.

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Abstract Aim: Grounded on Self-Determination Theory, this study aimed to translate, adapt and validate the Perceived Environmental Supportiveness Scale (PESS) in a sample of Portuguese physical education students. Methods: The global sample was comprised of 964 students (518 females), divided in two groups: the calibration (n = 469) and the validation one (n = 483), all of them enrolled in two Physical Education (PE) classes/week. Results: The analysis provided support for a one factor and 12 items model, which are in line with the values adopted in the methodology (χ² = 196.123, df = 54, p = <.001, SRMR = .035, NNFI = .943, CFI = .954, RMSEA = .074, 90% CI .063-.085). Results express that the models are invariant in all analysis (i.e., calibration vs. validation, male vs. female, and 3rd vs. secondary cycle; three and single factor models). Conclusion: The present study suggests that the PESS with one factor and 12 items has good psychometric properties and can be used to assess perceived need supportive motivational environments provided by PE teachers. Additionally, invariance analysis showed support for the use of the scale in both genders and in the 3rd and secondary cycles.

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Self-concept is widely conceptualized as multidimensional (Shavelson et al., 1976). The Five-Factor Self-Concept Questionnaire (AF5, García and Musitu, 2009) assesses five specific dimensions (i.e., academic, social, emotional, family, and physical). It is a psychometrically sound questionnaire, developed, and normed in Spain, which is widely used with Spanish-speaking samples. The validation of the AF5 in Brazil would expand its potential, and would facilitate cross-cultural research. To validate the Brazilian version of the AF5, the present study apply confirmatory factor analysis and multi-sample invariance analysis across sex (women vs. men), age (11-18 years old), and language (Brazilian [Portuguese] vs. Spanish). The sample consisted of 4,534 students (54.6%, women, 53.7%, Spanish) ranging in age from 11 to 18 years old (M = 14.61, SD = 2.09). The findings of the present study confirmed that the five-dimensional AF5 factorial structure provided the better fit to the data compared to alternative one-dimensional and orthogonal five-dimensional structures. The 30 items loaded appropriately on the five dimensions. Multi-group analysis for invariance between sex, age, and language groups showed equal loading in the five factors, equal covariation between the five dimensions, and equal error variances of items. Additionally, in order to obtain an external validity index, the five AF5 factors were related to both acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition parenting dimensions. These results provide an adequate basis for meaningful comparative studies on a highly relevant construct, multidimensional self-concept, between male and female adolescents of different ages, and Brazilian (Portuguese) and Spanish-speaking samples. These results validate the instrument and confirm its suitability in cross-cultural research.

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Vivemos numa sociedade cada vez mais informatizada, sobrecarregada de estímulos e de exigências tecnológicas onde praticamente desde o nascimento que o ser humano tem contacto com estas interfaces. Perante esta realidade questionam-nos: onde fica o lugar do brincar, do simbólico, da criatividade e da intersubjetividade no desenvolvimento das crianças/adolescentes? Qual é o impacto que a tecnologia tem na criação da identidade das nossas crianças, de que forma se reflete na interação com os outros, nas suas escolhas? Qual o papel da Grupanálise e do Grupanalista nesta realidade?

We live in an increasingly computerized society, overwhelmed with stimuli and technological requirements where practically since the birth that the human being has contact with these interfaces. Faced with this reality we question: where is the place of play, symbolic, creativity and intersubjectivity in the development of children / adolescents? What is the impact that technology has on the creation of our children's identity, how is it reflected in the interaction with others, in their choices? What is the role of Group analysis and Group analyst in this reality?

Vivimos en una sociedad cada vez más informatizada, sobrecargada de estímulos y de exigencias tecnológicas donde prácticamente desde el nacimiento que el ser humano tiene contacto con estas interfaces. Ante esta realidad nos cuestionan: ¿dónde queda el lugar del juego, del simbólico, de la creatividad y de la intersubjetividad en el desarrollo de los niños / adolescentes? ¿Cuál es el impacto que la tecnología tiene en la creación de la identidad de nuestros niños, de qué forma se refleja en la interacción con los demás, en sus elecciones? ¿Cuál es el papel del Grupoanálisis y del Grupanalista en esta realidad?

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AIM: This study main aim was to translate and validate one of the most used SDT-based instruments to assess motivation in PE classes, the Perceived Locus of Causality Questionnaire (PLOCQ), to the Portuguese context. METHOD: Sample was composed of 652 boys (M=15.4 years; SD=1.90) and 702 girls (M=15.47 years; SD=1.95), enrolled in physical education classes in several Portuguese schools. RESULTS: The analysis provided support for a five factors and 18 items model, after excluding two items (χ² = 491.473, df = 125, p = <.001, SRMR = .062, NNFI = .908, CFI = .924, RMSEA = .067, 90% CI .061-.073). Sample and gender invariance procedures were made to ensure proper psychometric validation. Results presented support for the model in both gender and calibration/validation samples. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that PLOCQ with five factors and 18 items has good psychometric proprieties and can be used to assess contextual motivation towards PE in the Portuguese context.(AU)

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O psicoterapeuta analítico de grupo ou grupanalista tem uma enorme influência nas dinâmicas do grupo e na Matriz. Apesar das características pessoais e psicológicas (emocionais e mentais) dos membros do grupo, a presença do grupanalista tem um papel particular e único o qual deriva da sua formação treino e supervisão enquanto candidato a grupanalista/psicoterapeuta de grupo. Este papel é também condicionado pelas suas características de personalidade e de carácter, enfim pelas suas capacidades afetivas/emocionais e mentais (empatia, disponibilidade interna, curiosidade, verdade, aceitação do Outro e das diferenças, etc.), quando ele se disponibiliza e interage com cada membro do grupo e com o grupo no seu todo.

A group psychotherapist or group analyst has a huge influence over the group's dynamics and Matrix. Although the group members' personal and psychological characteristics (mental and emotional), also the group analyst's presence has a particular and unique role which derives from his training, practice and supervision while candidate for group psychotherapist which is also conditioned by his characteristics of personality and character and his affective/emotional and mental skills (empathy, internal availability, curiosity, acceptance of others and their differences, etc.), when he faces and interacts with each group member or with the group-as-a-whole.

El psicoterapeuta analítico de grupo o grupanalista tiene una enorme influencia en las dinámicas del grupo e na Matrix. Apesar de las características personales y psicológicas (emocionales y mentales) de los miembros del grupo, la presencia del grupanalista tiene un papel particular y único que deriva de su formación y supervisión de entrenamiento enquanto candidato a psicoterapeuta analítico de grupo/grupanalista. Este papel también está condicionado por sus características de personalidad y carácter, por fin por sus capacidades afectivas/emocionales y mentales (empatía, disponibilidad interna, curiosidad, verdad, aceptación del otro y diferencias, etc.), cuando pone a disposición e interactúa con cada miembro del grupo y con el grupo en su totalidad.

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O interesse sobre o grande grupo grupanalítico (denominado, em inglês, large group) já é longo e têm sido publicados vários livros e artigos demonstrando a preocupação em aprofundar os fenómenos que lhe estão associados e a partir daí procurar desenvolver o potencial das suas aplicações terapêuticas e formativas. As autoras apresentam os resultados de um estudo exploratório sobre as expectativas e satisfação dos participantes no grande grupo do XV Congresso Nacional de Grupanálise e Psicoterapia Analítica de Grupo e XII Encontro Luso Brasileiro de Grupanálise e Psicoterapia Analítica de Grupo em Outubro de 2015, Lisboa. Os dados discutidos foram recolhidos através de uma amostra por conveniência. A metodologia de recolha de dados foi a de inquérito por questionário em dois momentos distintos, antes e depois do Congresso. Dos cerca de 60 participantes no Congresso responderam aos dois questionários 13 pessoas (N=13), com idades compreendidas entre as faixas etárias dos 25 aos 88 anos, maioritariamente do sexo feminino e nacionalidade portuguesa, com área profissional de base no âmbito da psicologia e agrupados na categoria membro candidato das Sociedades Grupanalíticas representadas. Os resultados obtidos vão ao encontro da literatura consultada observando-se que quem já participou em pelo menos um grande grupo estava mais expectante e sentiu-se satisfeito com a participação e condições disponibilizadas.

The interest in studying the group analytic large group is not new and several books and papers have been published revealing the concern in deepening the phenomena that are associated with it. The authors present the results of an exploratory study about the expectations and the participants' satisfaction in the large group that took place in the XV Portuguese National Congress and XII Luso-Brazilian Meeting of Group Analysis and Group Analytic Psychotherapy, October 2015 in Lisbon. The data presented was collected using a convenience sample. The study participants answered two questionnaires in two different moments, before and after. The sample was comprised by 13 participants (that respond both the surveys forms) age 25-88 years old, mainly females Portuguese psychologist and members of the Portuguese Group Analytic Society. The results obtained are in accordance with those described in the literature. Those who have had attending large groups before had more positive expectations and felt more satisfied.

El interés en el grupo grande de grupoanálisis és presente por varios años y se han publicado varios libros y artículos que demuestran la preocupación de profundizar en los fenómenos asociados a ella y desde allí tratar de desarrollar el potencial de sus aplicaciones terapéuticas y de formación. Los autores presentan los resultados de un estudio exploratorio sobre las expectativas y la satisfacción de los participantes en el grande grupo del XV Congreso Nacional y XII Encuentro Luso Brasileña de Grupoanálisis y Psicoterapia de Grupo de Orientación Analítica de octubre de 2015 en Lisboa. Los datos analizados fueron recolectados a través de una muestra de conveniencia. La metodología de recolección de datos fue un cuestionario para responder en dos momentos diferentes, antes y después del Congreso. De los aproximadamente 60 participantes en el Congreso respondieron a ambos cuestionarios 13 personas (N = 13), con edades comprendidas entre 25 a 88 años, en su mayoría femenino de nacionalidad portugués, área profesional basado en el psicológico y agrupados en la categoría de miembro candidato de las empresas de grupoanálisis representadas. Los resultados están de acuerdo con la literatura consultada señalando que los que han participado en por lo menos un grupo grande eran más expectantes y que estaban satisfechos con la participación y condiciones disponibles.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A autora propõe-se nesta comunicação aflorar a compreensão psicodinâmica do ofensor socorrendo-se para tal dos trabalhos de Otto Kernberg; Nancy Mcwilliams; Glen Gabbard; Anthony Bateman e Peter Fonagy; de Murray Cox e Gwen Ashead. Parte de uma experiência de condução de um grupo psicoterapêutico de orientação analítica, em regime de ambulatório, destinado a utentes encaminhados pela DGRSP - Direção Geral de Reinserção e Serviços Prisionais ou diretamente pelo Tribunal para cumprimento de tratamento psiquiátrico como uma das injunções de suspensão da execução da pena de prisão.

The author proposes in this paper to emerge psychodynamic understanding about offenders, supported on the work of Otto Kernberg; Nancy Mcwilliams; Glen Gabbard; Anthony Bateman and Peter Fonagy; Murray Cox and Gwen Ashead. Reporting her experience as a co-therapist of a psychotherapeutic group of analytical orientation, on an outpatient basis for clients referred by DGRSP - General Directorate of Rehabilitation and Prison Services or directly by the Court to comply with psychiatric treatment as one of the suspension injunctions of imprisonment.

La autora propone en este documento abordar la comprensión psicodinámica del delincuente fundamentándose para ello en trabajos como los de Otto Kernberg; Nancy Mcwilliams; Glen Gabbard; Anthony Bateman y Fonagy Peter; Murray Cox y Gwen Ashead. Parte de una experiencia de conducción de un grupo psicoterapéutico de orientación analítica, en régimen ambulatorio, destinado a pacientes derivados por la DGRSP - Dirección General de Rehabilitación y Carcelarias Servicios o directamente por el Tribunal para el cumplimiento del tratamiento psiquiátrico como uno de los mandatos judiciales de suspensión de la pena de prisión.

Assuntos