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1.
Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud ; 6(2): 73-81, jul.-dic. 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1575798

RESUMO

Abstract Objective: We aim to assess the quality of life of older individuals living in nursing homes. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on institutionalized elderly individuals for over three months. The sample size of the study was 260 and Non-randomized convenience sampling was used. The study excluded participants with cognitive impairment, severe medical conditions, physical limitations, communication barriers, severe pain, recent surgery, acute illness, or psychiatric disorders. Ethical approval was obtained, and participants were given informed consent. The study took place in various nursing homes in Lahore in June and July 2023, for the analysis of data Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22) was used, employing frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, and correlation. Results: The Pearson Correlation coefficient of 0.459 suggests a significant positive correlation between these variables (p < 0.01). This correlation is evident in both directions: Quality of life (QoL) score to Mini Mental Scale and vice versa. Conclusion: While assessing the QoL in elderly inhabitants of nursing residences, cognitive impairment, and high Body mass index (BMI) appeared to influence the overall QoL.


Resumen Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores que viven en residencias de ancianos. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en ancianos institucionalizados durante más de tres meses. El tamaño de la muestra del estudio fue de 260 y se utilizó un muestreo de conveniencia no aleatorizado. El estudio excluyó a los participantes con deterioro cognitivo, afecciones médicas graves, limitaciones físicas, barreras de comunicación, dolor intenso, cirugía reciente, enfermedad aguda o trastornos psiquiátricos. Se obtuvo la aprobación ética y los participantes dieron su consentimiento informado. El estudio se llevó a cabo en varias residencias de ancianos de Lahore en junio y julio de 2023. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS versión 22), empleando distribución de frecuencias, media, desviación estándar y correlación. Resultados: El coeficiente de correlación de Pearson de 0,459 sugiere una correlación positiva significativa entre estas variables (p < 0,01). Esta correlación es evidente en ambas direcciones: puntuación de calidad de vida a Escala Mini-Mental y viceversa. Conclusión: Al evaluar la calidad de vida de los ancianos que viven en residencias, el deterioro cognitivo y un índice de masa corporal (IMC) elevado parecen afectar la calidad de vida general.

2.
Acta méd. colomb ; 47(1): 7-14, ene.-mar. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374097

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: la sepsis se diagnostica en más de 60% de los adultos mayores (AM) en el mundo. Estos AM con frecuencia presentan multimorbilidad y alguno de los síndromes geriátricos, llevando a discapacidad física, cognitiva y psicosocial, lo cual produce altos costos para los sistemas de salud, resultando en un problema grave de salud pública. Objetivo: identificar el impacto de la multimorbilidad y los síndromes geriátricos en la morta lidad de AM hospitalizados por sepsis en una unidad geriátrica de agudos a 30 días de su ingreso. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, analítico de casos y controles anidado en una cohorte. Resultados: se analizaron 238 pacientes con edad media de 83.15±7.12 años, 52.1% fueron mujeres y el 99% tenían al menos una comorbilidad, la mortalidad a 30 días fue 34%. La infección urinaria fue la causa principal de hospitalización (42.9%), obteniendo un aislamiento microbio-lógico en 43.3% de los casos, siendo la Escherichia coli el agente causal más frecuente (46.6%). La regresión logística múltiple mostró que la enfermedad renal crónica (OR 2.1 IC 95% 1.1-4.8; p=0.037), el delirium (OR 3.1 IC 95% 1.6-5.8; p=0.001) y la discapacidad (índice de Barthel <60; OR 3.4 IC 95% 1.5-7.5; p=0.002) se asociaron de manera significativa con la mortalidad a 30 días desde el ingreso a la unidad geriátrica de agudos en paciente con sepsis. Conclusión: en los AM hospitalizados por sepsis, la multimorbilidad, la enfermedad re nal crónica y los síndromes geriátricos representados por delirium y discapacidad fueron los predictores de mortalidad a 30 días. (Acta Med Colomb 2022; 47. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2022.2125).


Abstract Introduction: sepsis is diagnosed in more than 60% of older adults (OAs) worldwide. These OAs often have multimorbidity and one of the geriatric syndromes, leading to physical, cognitive and psychosocial disability with consequently high healthcare costs, resulting in a serious public health problem. Objective: to determine the impact of multimorbidity and geriatric syndromes on the 30-day mortality rate of OAs hospitalized for sepsis in an acute geriatric unit Materials and methods: an observational, analytical, nested case-control study. Results: 238 patients with a mean age of 83.15±7.12 were analyzed; 52.1% were women and 99% had at least one comorbidity; the 30-day mortality was 34%. Urinary tract infection was the main cause of hospitalization (42.9%), with microbiological isolation achieved in 43.3% of cases and Escherichia coli being the most common causal agent (46.6%). Multiple logistic regression showed that chronic kidney disease (OR 2.1 95% CI 1.1-4.8; p=0.037), delirium (OR 3.1 95% CI 1.6-5.8; p=0.001) and disability (Barthel index <60; OR 3.4 95% CI 1.5-7.5; p=0.002) were significantly related to 30-day mortality in patients with sepsis admitted to an acute geriatric unit. Conclusion: in OAs hospitalized for sepsis, multimorbidity, chronic kidney disease and geriatric syndromes (represented by delirium and disability) were the predictors of 30-day mortality. (Acta Med Colomb 2022; 47. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2022.2125).

3.
Rev. Pesqui. Fisioter ; 12(1)jan., 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398477

RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO: Encontrar os valores de referência para o teste de sentar e levantar de 30 segundos e estudar a correlação das medidas antropométricas com o teste na população indiana geriátrica residente na comunidade. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: 136 indivíduos com idade >60 anos foram recrutados neste estudo transversal e observacional. O estudo foi realizado na Índia. Após a triagem inicial, as medidas antropométricas foram registradas. Em seguida, foi realizado o teste de sentar e levantar de 30 segundos. RESULTADOS: Os valores normais da década para o teste foram relatados como (média±DP): 60-70 anos (10,2±3,6), 71- 80 anos (9,5±3,4) e 81-90 anos (8,5±5,2). Idade, altura, circunferência da cintura e circunferência do quadril foram significativamente associadas aos valores do teste. CONCLUSÃO: Os valores normais para o teste de sentar e levantar de 30 segundos para a população geriátrica da comunidade foram relatados como média ± DP 10,0 ± 3,7. Os fatores antropométricos devem ser levados em consideração ao realizar o teste de sentar e levantar de 30 segundos em ambientes clínicos.


INTRODUCTION: To find the reference values for the 30-second sit-to-stand test and study the correlation of anthropometric measures with the test in the communitydwelling geriatric Indian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 136 individuals aged >60 years were recruited in this cross-sectional observational study. The study was conducted in India. After the initial screening, anthropometric measurements were recorded. Then, the 30-second sit-tostand test was conducted. RESULTS: Normal decade-wise values for the test were reported to be (mean ± SD): 60-70 years (10.2±3.6), 71-80 years (9.5±3.4), and 81-90 years (8.5±5.2). Age, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were significantly associated with the 30-second sit-to-stand test values. CONCLUSION: Normal values for the test in the community-dwelling geriatric population were reported to be mean ± SD 10.0±3.7. Anthropometric factors should be taken into consideration when performing the 30-second sitto-stand test in clinical settings.


Assuntos
Geriatria , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais
4.
Rev. cuba. med ; 60(2): e1609, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1280347

RESUMO

Introducción: La hiponatremia es la alteración electrolítica más frecuente en el paciente geriátrico. Existen evidencias que la asocian a un peor pronóstico en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca. Objetivo: Caracterizar los pacientes geriátricos ingresados con hiponatremia al ingreso e insuficiencia cardíaca. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo durante el año 2018 en el Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico Calixto García que incluyó 260 pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca e hiponatremia al ingreso. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos reutilizaron la prueba de chi cuadrada y el análisis multivariado de ANOVA para la asociación entre variables. Resultados: La edad media fue 72,6 ± 8,2, predominaron las mujeres (55,0 por ciento). Prevaleció la puntuación de Charlson 3-4 (33,8 por ciento), la fracción de eyección conservada, 70,8 por ciento; clase funcional III, 33,8 por ciento; estadía menor a 6 días, 43,1 por ciento y fallecieron 51,9 por ciento de la muestra estudiada. Se asociaron significativamente con la mortalidad al egreso, el índice de comorbilidad y la clase funcional III-IV, p< 0,05. Conclusiones: Existe una elevada mortalidad en pacientes geriátricos hospitalizados por insuficiencia cardiaca e hiponatremia al ingreso asociada a la presencia de comorbilidad y a la clasificación de la insuficiencia cardiaca(AU)


Introduction: Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolyte alteration in geriatric patients. There is evidence that associates it with a worse prognosis in patients with heart failure. Objective: To describe geriatric patients admitted with hyponatremia on admission and heart failure. Method: A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out in 2018 at Calixto García Surgical Clinical University Hospital, including 260 patients with heart failure and hyponatremia on admission. For the statistical analysis of the data, they reused the chi-square test and the multivariate analysis of ANOVA for the association between variables. Results: The mean age was 72.6 ± 8.2, women predominated (55.0 percent). Prevalence was observed in the Charlson score 3-4 (33.8 percent), the ejection fraction preserved (70.8 percent); functional class III was 33.8 percent; 43.1 percent stayed less than 6 days and 51.9 percent of the sample studied died. They were significantly associated with mortality at discharge, the comorbidity index and functional class III-IV, p <0.05. Conclusions: There is a high mortality in geriatric patients hospitalized for heart failure and hyponatremia on admission associated with the presence of comorbidity and the classification of heart failure(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Idoso , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Hiponatremia/diagnóstico , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Longitudinais
5.
Rev. Pesqui. Fisioter ; 11(2): 320-327, Maio 2021. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1253506

RESUMO

INTRODUÇÃO: A propriocepção é essencial durante a implementação do movimento para atualizar os comandos de alimentação adiante resultantes da imagem visual e no planejamento e alteração de comandos motores gerados internamente. A escala integrada de rastreio da propriocepção (IPSS) avalia a propriocepção em vários domínios diferentes em pessoas com doença de Parkinson. OBJETIVOS: Determinar as limitações da IPSS enfrentadas por fisioterapeuta neurológico e voluntários geriátricos em ambientes clínicos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Dez Neuro-fisioterapeutas e trinta voluntários geriátricos de cada terapeuta foram recrutados para este estudo de viabilidade de pesquisa transversal. Os participantes foram selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão. Os questionários foram projetados e criados para avaliar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos terapeutas e voluntários geriátricos em termos de tempo necessário para a administração da escala, do nível de compreensão da escala e seus subníveis, e o esforço físico experimentado pelo terapeuta e voluntários geriátricos. A IPSS foi administrada pelo terapeuta. Goniômetro Universal, fita métrica e dispositivo de rastreamento de movimento foram usados durante a administração da IPSS. Após a administração, os questionários foram distribuídos e preenchidos por Neuro-fisioterapeutas e voluntários geriátricos. O teste Shapiro-Wilk foi usado para testar a normalidade, pois os dados eram inferiores a 50. RESULTADOS: Os dados foram expressos em mediana e intervalo. Skewness e Kurtosis também foram medidos. As variáveis foram expressas na forma de gráficos circulares. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo concluiu que o IPSS tem várias limitações como subjetivamente relatado pelos terapeutas e voluntários.


INTRODUCTION: Proprioception is essential during the movement implementation to update the feedforward commands resulting from the visual image and in planning and amendment of internally generated motor commands. The integrated proprioception screening scale (IPSS) assesses proprioception in different domains in people with Parkinson's disease. OBJECTIVES: To determine the limitations of IPSS faced by Neuro-physiotherapists and geriatric volunteers in clinical settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten Neuro-physiotherapists and thirty geriatric volunteers under each therapist were recruited for this feasibility cross-sectional survey study. Participants were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Questionnaires were designed and created to evaluate difficulties faced by therapists and geriatric volunteers in terms of time taken for the administration of the scale, level of understanding of the scale and its sublevels, and physical exertion experienced by both therapists and geriatric volunteers. The therapist administered IPSS. Universal Goniometer, measuring tape, and motion tracking device were used during the IPSS administration. After administration, Questionnaires were circulated and filled by Neuro-physiotherapists and geriatric volunteers. Shapiro-Wilk test was used for testing the normality, as data was less than 50. RESULTS: As the data follows not a normal distribution, data was expressed in median and range. Skewness and Kurtosis were also measured. Variables were expressed in the form of pie charts. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that IPSS has several limitations as subjectively reported by the therapists and volunteers.


Assuntos
Propriocepção , Inquéritos e Questionários , Modalidades de Fisioterapia
6.
Rev. cuba. angiol. cir. vasc ; 21(3): e97, sept.-dic. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1156378

RESUMO

Introducción: El índice de riesgo nutricional geriátrico es un instrumento simple y exacto que permite identificar a pacientes hospitalizados con este riesgo. Objetivo: Valorar la prevalencia de riesgo nutricional en pacientes ingresados por presentar una enfermedad vascular. Métodos: Se evaluaron de forma transversal 102 pacientes mayores de 18 años (65 % hombres) ingresados de forma consecutiva entre octubre y diciembre de 2018 en el Instituto Nacional de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular en La Habana Cuba, independientemente de la enfermedad de base y que estuvieran de acuerdo en participar en el estudio. La variable principal de salida fue la proporción de pacientes con riesgo nutricional: riesgo alto (< 82), moderado (82-92), bajo (93-98) y sin riesgo (> 98); las variables secundarias resultaron la edad, el sexo, el índice de masa corporal y la concentración de albúmina. Resultados: El 12,9 por ciento (intervalo de confianza 95 por ciento: 6,2-19,6); el 16,8 por ciento (9,4-24,2) y el 22,8 por ciento (14,5-31,3) de los pacientes presentaron un riesgo nutricional alto, moderado y ligero, respectivamente. Solo el 47,5 por ciento (37,6-57,4), de los pacientes no presentó riesgo nutricional. La edad y el sexo no mostraron correlación con el riesgo nutricional; la concentración de albúmina y el índice de masa corporal y el índice de riesgo nutricional sí se asociaron de forma importante (R2: 0,98 y 0,59, respectivamente). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de pacientes con riesgo nutricional es elevada en el ámbito hospitalario y puede evaluarse por intermedio del índice de riesgo nutricional geriátrico(AU)


Introduction: The Geriatric nutritional risk index is a simple and accurate instrument that allows identifying hospitalized patients with this risk. Objective: To assess the prevalence of nutritional risk in patients admitted for presenting a vascular disease. Methods: There were evaluated in cross-sectional way 102 patients older than 18 years (65% male) admitted consecutively from October to December, 2018 at the National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery in Havana, Cuba, regardless of the underlying disease and who agreed to participate in the study. The main variable was the proportion of patients with nutritional risk: high risk (<82), moderate (82-92), low (93-98) and without risk (>98); secondary variables were age, sex, body mass index and the concentration of albumin. Results: The 12.9 percent (95 percent confidence interval: 6,2-19,6); the 16.8 percent (9,4-24,2) and the 22.8 percent (14,5-31,3) of the patients had high, moderate, and light nutritional risks, respectively. Only 47.5 percent (37,6-57,4) of the patients did not present nutritional risk. The age and sex showed no correlation with the nutritional risk; the concentration of albumin and body mass index and the index of nutritional risk were significantly associated (R2: 0.98 and 0.59, respectively). Conclusions: The prevalence of patients with nutritional risk is high in the hospital scope and it can be evaluated through the geriatric nutritional risk index(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doenças Vasculares , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/métodos , Doenças Vasculares Periféricas , Indicador de Risco
7.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 59(4): e923, oct.-dic. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1149843

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: El abdomen agudo es causa frecuente de ingreso hospitalario en pacientes geriátricos. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento del abdomen agudo quirúrgico en el paciente geriátrico en un servicio de cirugía general. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo longitudinal de corte transversal en 169 pacientes. Los datos procedieron de las historias clínicas del Hospital Universitario "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" de Camagüey, desde enero de 2014 a diciembre de 2016 y se procesaron mediante estadística descriptiva, relacionándose algunas variables de manera no inferencial. Resultados: El 52,2 por ciento de los pacientes eran hombres. El 42,6 por ciento tenía edades entre 60 y 69 años. El 28,9 por ciento presentaron la oclusión intestinal como etiología. Hubo un 39,5 por ciento de complicaciones, el 54,5 por ciento de ellas fueron infecciosas. La mortalidad fue de un 22,5 por ciento. El 26,6 por ciento de los fallecidos presentaba oclusión intestinal. Conclusiones: Casi una décima parte de los pacientes fallecieron, la peritonitis fibropurulenta y el choque séptico fueron las causas más frecuentes de los decesos. La oclusión intestinal como causa de abdomen agudo pareció influir en la mortalidad de la muestra estudiada(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute abdomen is a frequent cause of hospital admission in geriatric patients. Objective: To characterize the occurrence of acute surgical abdomen in the geriatric patient in a general surgery service. Methods: An observational, descriptive, longitudinal and cross-sectional study was carried out with 169 patients. The data were obtained from the medical records of Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey, from January 2014 to December 2016, and were processed using descriptive statistics, relating some variables in a noninferential way. Results: 52.2 percent of the patients were men. 42.6 percent were aged between 60 and 69 years. 28.9 percent presented intestinal occlusion as an etiology. There were 39.5 percent of complications, 54.5 percent of which were infectious. Mortality was 22.5 percent. 26.6 percent of the deceased had intestinal obstruction. Conclusions: Almost one tenth of the patients died, with fibrinopurulent peritonitis and septic shock being the most frequent causes of death. Intestinal occlusion as a cause of acute abdomen appeared to influence mortality in the sample studied(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Choque Séptico/mortalidade , Abdome Agudo/cirurgia , Obstrução Intestinal/etiologia , Peritonite/mortalidade , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Longitudinais , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , Obstrução Intestinal/complicações
8.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 34(3): 240-244, sept. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1120971

RESUMO

Introducción: Los tumores del plexo coroideo son raros. Contabilizan del 0,3 a 0,6% de la totalidad de los tumores cerebrales en adultos y del 10 a 20% en infantes; en quienes se ha registrado el 70% de estos y de los cuales al menos un 50% suceden en menores de dos años de edad. Objetivos: Esta publicación consiste en describir un caso de la tercera edad con papiloma atípico del cuarto ventrículo, la forma de resolución seleccionada y revisar la bibliografía del tema. Presentación del caso: Masculino de 71 años de edad que consulta por inestabilidad en la marcha y cefalea holocraneana intermitente. Al examen se muestra desorientado, con trastornos mnésicos, marcha magnética e incontinencia urinaria. Se realiza TC contrastada y posterior RM de cerebro con gadolinio objetivándose lesión espacio ocupante hipo-isointensa de 10 cc. Aprox. ocupando el 4to ventrículo, con realce intenso a la administración de contraste y ventriculomegalia asociada con edema transependimario. Intervención: Se realiza exéresis, logrando resección completa y mejoría clínica. Discusión: El papiloma atípico de plexo coroideo (Grado II) es una entidad intermedia que se distingue fundamentalmente del papiloma de grado I por su actividad mitótica; 2 o más mitosis en 10 campos. Conclusión: Este reporte, aborda una patología quirúrgicamente desafiante, potencialmente curable y clásicamente infantil, pero que también puede presentarse en la población geriátrica.


Introduction: Choroid plexus tumors are rare. They account for 0.3 to 0.6% of all brain tumors in adults and 10 to 20% in infants; in whom 70% of these have been registered and of which at least 50% occur in children under two years of age. Objectives: This publication consists of describing a case of the third age with atypical papilloma of the fourth ventricle, the selected form of resolution and reviewing the bibliography on the subject. Case presentation: 71-year-old male who consulted for gait instability and intermittent holocranial headache. On examination, he was disoriented, with memory disorders, magnetic gait, and urinary incontinence. Contrast-enhanced CT and subsequent MRI of the brain with gadolinium were performed, showing a 10 cc hypo-isointense occupying space lesion. Approx. occupying the 4th ventricle, with intense enhancement to contrast administration and ventriculomegaly associated with transependymal edema. Intervention: Exeresis is performed, achieving complete resection and clinical improvement. Discussion: Atypical choroid plexus papilloma (Grade II) is an intermediate entity that is fundamentally distinguished from grade I papilloma by its mitotic activity; 2 or more mitoses in 10 fields. Conclusion: This report addresses a surgically challenging pathology, potentially curable and classically infantile, but which can also occur in the geriatric population.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Papiloma do Plexo Corióideo , Neoplasias do Plexo Corióideo , Quarto Ventrículo
9.
Medimay ; 27(3): 299-311, Jul-Sep 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-76820

RESUMO

Introducción: El envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno que afecta a muchos países en el mundo y Cuba no es una excepción.Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento del ingreso de pacientes geriátricos en la terapia intermedia del Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico Joaquín Albarrán Domínguez.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, prospectivo en un periodo de tres años, mediante la recolección de datos a través de las historias clínicas. El universo estuvoconstituido con 4081 pacientes y la muestra por 3348 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Las variables estudiadas fueron edad, sexo, motivo de ingreso,antecedentes patológicos personales, uso de medicación, ingreso previo, procedencia yestado al egreso. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSSversión 18.Resultados: El 82 por ciento de los ingresos en el servicio correspondieron a pacientes geriátricos, conpredominio del sexo femenino (64.6 por ciento). El 66.3 por ciento de los pacientes ingresaron por agudización de enfermedades crónicas y los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron elsedentarismo (76 por ciento) y la desnutrición (51.1 por ciento). El principal motivo de ingreso fueron las infecciones respiratorias (65.7 por ciento) seguidas por las enfermedades cerebrovasculares (44.5 por ciento). Las complicaciones más frecuentes encontradas son: las infecciones (79.8 por ciento), el deterioro cognitivo (59.7 por ciento) y las ulceras por presión (53.2 por ciento). La mortalidad en esta población fue de 67.3 por ciento.Conclusiones: Los ingresos de pacientes geriátricos en la terapia intermedia aumentan progresivamente y la principal causa es de tipo infecciosas(AU)


Introduction: Population aging is a phenomenon that affects many countries in the world and Cuba is not an exception.Objective: To characterize the behavior of the admission of geriatric patients in the Intermediate Care Unit at Joaquín Albarrán Domínguez Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital.Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal, prospective study was carried out in a period of three years, by collecting data form patients charts. The universe was composed by 4081 patients and the simple by 3348 patients who fulfilled the selection criteria. The studied variables were age, sex, chief complaint, personal history, use of medication, previous admissions, provenienceand status at the moment of the discharge. For the analysis of the information SPSS statistical package version 18 was used.Results; The 82 percent of the admissions in the service corresponded to geriatric patients, the female sex prevailed (64.6 percent). The 66.3 percent of the patients were admitted because of exacerbation of chronic diseases and the most frequent risk factors were sedentary life style (76 percent) and unnourishment (51.1 percent). The main chief complaints were respiratory infections (65.7 percent ) followed by cerebrovascular diseases (44.5 percent). The most frequent complications are: infections (79.8 percent), cognitive decreasing (59.7 percent) and bedsores (53.2 percent). The mortality in this population was of a 67.3 percent Conclusions: The admission of geriatric patients in the Intermediate Care Unit increase progressively and the main cause are the infections(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Geriatria , Cuidados Críticos
10.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 72(3): 224-230, jun. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115546

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: Los traumatismos constituyen la quinta causa de muerte en el adulto mayor (60 años o más), siendo los traumatismos contusos los más frecuentes. Objetivo: Describir características, índices de gravedad de traumatismo (IGT), morbilidad y mortalidad en adultos mayores (AM) hospitalizados con traumatismo torácico (TT). Materiales y Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Período desde enero de 1981 a diciembre de 2017. Revisión de base de datos, protocolos quirúrgicos y fichas clínicas. Descripción de características de TT en AM hospitalizados. Se calculó IGT: Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS-T), Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS). Resultados: Total 4.163 TT, AM 513 (12,3%). Hombres: 350 (68,2%), edad promedio 71,2 ± 8,4 años, mediana 70 (rango: 60-103), TT aislado 350 (68,2%), asociado a lesiones extratorácicas 163 (31,8%) y de estos 96 (18,7%) se consideraron politraumatismos. Traumatismo contuso 456 (88,9%) y penetrante 57 (11,1%). La causa más frecuente fueron las caídas en 252 (49,1%). Lesiones y/o hallazgos torácicos más frecuentes: fracturas costales 409 (79,7%), hemotórax 186 (36,3%) y neumotórax 185 (36,1%). Tratamiento definitivo: médico 287 (55,9%), pleurotomía 193 (37,6%) y cirugía 40 (7,8%). Cirugía extratorácica 33 (6,4%). Hospitalización promedio 9,0 ± 8,8 días. Según IGT: ISS promedio 12,1 ± 9,6, RTS-T promedio 11,6 ± 1,3, TRISS promedio 8,1. Morbilidad 76 (14,8%) y mortalidad 26 (5,1%). Discusión: La mayoría de los TT en AM son contusos, causados por accidentes domésticos. Las lesiones y hallazgos más frecuentes fueron fracturas costales y hemotórax. La mortalidad fue menor a la esperada según IGT.


Introduction: Trauma is the fifth leading cause of death in the elderly (60 or older), with blunt trauma being the most frequent. Objective: To describe characteristics, Trauma Severity Indices (TSI) and morbidity and mortality in hospitalized elderly for Thoracic Trauma (TT). Materials and Method: Crosssectional descriptive study was carried out. Term: from January 1981 to December 2017. Database review, surgical protocols and medical records were performed. TT description of characteristics was conducted in hospitalized elderly. TSI was calculated: Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS-T), Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS). Results: Total 4.163 TT, 513 elderly (12.3%). Men: 350 (68.2%), average age 71.2 ± 8.4 years, 70 median (range 60-103). Isolated TT: 350 (68.2%), 163 associated with extrathoracic trauma (31.8%) and of these 96 (18.7%) were considered polytraumatism. Blunt trauma 456 (88.9%) and penetrating 57 (11.1%). Most frequent domestic accident mechanism was 196 (38.2%) and 158 traffic accidents (30.8%). Frequently thoracic injuries or findings: 409 rib fractures (79.7%), 186 hemothorax (36.3%), and 185 pneumothorax (36.1%). Final treatment: 287 Medical treatment (55.9%), 193 pleurotomy (37.6%), and 40 thoracic surgery (7.8%). Extrathoracic surgery 33 (6.4%). Average hospitalization: 9.0 ± 8.8 days. According IGT: ISS 12.1 ± 9.6, RTS-T 11.6 ± 1.3, TRISS 8.1. Morbidity: 76 (14.8%) and mortality: 26 (5.1%). Discussion: Most TT in elderly are blunt, caused by domestic accidents. Injuries and most frequent findings were rib fractures and hemothorax. Mortality was lower than expected according to TSI.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Traumatismos Torácicos/etiologia , Traumatismos Torácicos/mortalidade , Traumatismos Torácicos/epidemiologia , Traumatismos Torácicos/fisiopatologia , Ferimentos Penetrantes/complicações , Acidentes de Trânsito , Índices de Gravidade do Trauma , Epidemiologia Descritiva
11.
Nutr Hosp ; 34(3): 450-455, 2020 Jul 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32338023

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Objective: to identify the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly primary care users, and the relationship of nutritional status with sarcopenia. Material and methods: the study was a cross-sectional study with elderly users of the primary health care network. The participants were evaluated for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, which involved calculation of muscle mass, grip strength, and walking speed, as well as sociodemographic, anthropometric and nutritional variables. Nutritional status was evaluated through the body mass index (BMI) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) instrument. The study was conduted at eleven family health centers in Marau, Rio Grande do Sul, and included elderly subjects aged 65 years and over (n = 148). Results: of the elderly subjects evaluated, 72.3% were female; mean age was 73.6 years (SD: 5.5), ranging from 65 to 89 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 14.2%, 47.3% of the sample had low manual grip strength, and 53.7% had inadequate walking speed. Regarding BMI, 10.8% of participants were classified as underweight, and 75% of these were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with the oldest age group (p = 0.046) and with higher BMI (p < 0.001). Conclusions: results show the importance of assessing nutritional status and a potential diagnosis of sarcopenia, mainly since this syndrome is highly associated with inappropriate food intake, which is often impaired among the elderly because of economical and/or physiological reasons.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia de la sarcopenia en personas mayores de atención primaria y la relación entre el estado nutricional y la sarcopenia. Material y métodos: el estudio fue un estudio transversal de usuarios mayores de la red de atención primaria de salud. Los ancianos se evaluaron para ver si tenían diagnóstico de sarcopenia, lo que implica calcular la masa muscular, la fuerza de agarre y la velocidad al caminar, así como variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas y nutricionales. El estado nutricional se evaluó a través del índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el instrumento Mini Evaluación Nutricional (MNA). El estudio se llevó a cabo en once centros de salud familiar de Marau, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, y contó con ancianos de 65 o más años de edad (n = 148). Resultados: de los ancianos evaluados, el 72,3% eran mujeres; la edad media fue de 73,6 años (DE: 5,5) con un rango de 65 a 89 años. La prevalencia de la sarcopenia fue del 14,2%, el 47,3% de los ancianos tenían una fuerza de agarre manual baja y el 53,7% tenían una velocidad de marcha insuficiente. Con respecto al IMC, el 10,8% de los ancianos se clasificaron como de bajo peso y el 75% de estos se diagnosticaron de sarcopenia. La sarcopenia se asoció significativamente al grupo de mayor edad (p = 0,046) y al de mayor IMC (P < 0,001). Conclusiones: estos resultados muestran la importancia que tiene evaluar el estado nutricional junto con al posible diagnóstico de sarcopenia, principalmente porque el síndrome está relacionado con la ingesta inapropiada de alimentos, que muchas veces aparece deteriorada en las personas mayores por motivos económicos y/o fisiológicos.


Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , Sarcopenia/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antropometria , Índice de Massa Corporal , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Avaliação Geriátrica , Humanos , Masculino , Força Muscular , Músculos/anatomia & histologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Prevalência , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Magreza/epidemiologia , Velocidade de Caminhada
12.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 20(3): 24-33, set.-dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-78349

RESUMO

RESUMEN Fundamentación: La xerostomía es un problema de salud en una parte de la población geriátrica y se observa a nivel mundial una tendencia a su aumento en países en desarrollo. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento de la xerostomía en la población geriátrica, pertenecientes a la casa comunidad del adulto mayor del municipio Marianao. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y transversal en 59 pacientes pertenecientes a la casa comunidad del adulto mayor. Las variables utilizadas fueron: edad, sexo, secreción salival, consumo de fármacos y enfermedades bucales. Resultados: El 93.2 % de la población correspondió al sexo femenino, la edad más afectada fue entre 70 y 79 años (30.5 %), los medicamentos más consumidos fueron los antihipertensivos (55.3 %) y los diuréticos (35.7 %), el 40.6 % de los pacientes que presentaron xerostomía padecen de disfunción masticatoria. Conclusiones: Predominó el sexo femenino con xerostomía y el grupo de estudio está mayormente expuesto a la polifarmacia, reduciendo el flujo salival e incidiendo en la disfunción masticatoria(AU)


ABSTRACT Background: Xerostomia is a health problem in a part of the geriatric population, at present, there is a worldwide tendency to increase it in developing countries. Objective: To characterize the behavior of the xerostomia in the geriatric population, at the Aged Community House in Marianao municipality. Methodology: Descriptive and cross-sectional study in 59 patients belonging to the aged home community. The variables used were: age, sex, salivary secretion, drug consumption and oral diseases. Results: 93.2% of the population corresponded to the female sex, the most affected age was between 70 and 79 years (30.5%), the most consumed drugs were the antihypertensive drugs (55.3%) and diuretics (35.7%), 40.6% of patients who presented xerostomia suffer from masticatory dysfunction. Conclusions: The female sex predominated with xerostomia and the study group is mostly exposed to polypharmacy, reducing the salivary flow and affecting the masticatory dysfunction(AU)


Assuntos
Xerostomia , Idoso
13.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 20(3): 24-33, set.-dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-989843

RESUMO

RESUMEN Fundamentación: La xerostomía es un problema de salud en una parte de la población geriátrica y se observa a nivel mundial una tendencia a su aumento en países en desarrollo. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento de la xerostomía en la población geriátrica, pertenecientes a la casa comunidad del adulto mayor del municipio Marianao. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y transversal en 59 pacientes pertenecientes a la casa comunidad del adulto mayor. Las variables utilizadas fueron: edad, sexo, secreción salival, consumo de fármacos y enfermedades bucales. Resultados: El 93.2 % de la población correspondió al sexo femenino, la edad más afectada fue entre 70 y 79 años (30.5 %), los medicamentos más consumidos fueron los antihipertensivos (55.3 %) y los diuréticos (35.7 %), el 40.6 % de los pacientes que presentaron xerostomía padecen de disfunción masticatoria. Conclusiones: Predominó el sexo femenino con xerostomía y el grupo de estudio está mayormente expuesto a la polifarmacia, reduciendo el flujo salival e incidiendo en la disfunción masticatoria.


ABSTRACT Background: Xerostomia is a health problem in a part of the geriatric population, at present, there is a worldwide tendency to increase it in developing countries. Objective: To characterize the behavior of the xerostomia in the geriatric population, at the Aged Community House in Marianao municipality. Methodology: Descriptive and cross-sectional study in 59 patients belonging to the aged home community. The variables used were: age, sex, salivary secretion, drug consumption and oral diseases. Results: 93.2% of the population corresponded to the female sex, the most affected age was between 70 and 79 years (30.5%), the most consumed drugs were the antihypertensive drugs (55.3%) and diuretics (35.7%), 40.6% of patients who presented xerostomia suffer from masticatory dysfunction. Conclusions: The female sex predominated with xerostomia and the study group is mostly exposed to polypharmacy, reducing the salivary flow and affecting the masticatory dysfunction.


Assuntos
Xerostomia , Idoso
14.
Rev. odontol. mex ; 22(4): 214-220, oct.-dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014423

RESUMO

RESUMEN Antecedentes: A nivel mundial la población envejecida está aumentando y esto es seguido por un aumento en resultados negativos llamados síndromes geriátricos (SG). Un elemento clave del envejecimiento exitoso es la salud oral (SO). La alteración en los componentes de OH, como la presencia de xerostomía, se ha asociado con una mayor probabilidad de desarrollar algunos SG. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de la xerostomía y sus asociaciones entre las características sociodemográfi cas, el estado de salud y algunos GS en adultos de 60 años o más, que asisten a consulta de primer nivel en México. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal en participantes de 60 años o más, reclutados en 2016. Los participantes se sometieron a una evaluación geriátrica integral (EGI), con la que se obtuvo el diagnóstico de xerostomía y SG. Se determinaron los análisis de regresión ajustados por las variables de confusión para establecer la asociación entre la xerostomía, las características sociodemográfi cas y algunos SG. Resultados: Se incluyeron 264 sujetos; la edad media fue de 73 años (DE ± 6), las mujeres representaron el 60%. En general, el 33% informó la presencia de xerostomía. Después de ajustar por edad, sexo y lectoescritura, los análisis de regresión logística múltiple mostraron una asociación signifi cativa entre la xerostomía y algunos SG (depresión y dolor). Conclusión: Este estudio mostró que la prevalencia de xerostomía es mayor en ancianos mexicanos. Estos resultados sugieren la importancia de monitorear el deterioro de la salud oral, ya que la xerostomía parece tener una infl uencia negativa en el estado de salud de los ancianos, y que la evaluación de la xerostomía debe incluirse en la evaluación geriátrica para prevenir los SG.


ABSTRACT Background: Worldwide aged population is increasing and this is followed by an increase a in negative outcome called geriatric syndromes (GS). A key element of a successful aging is oral health (OH). Alteration of OH components, such as the presence of xerostomia, have been associated with a higher probability of develop some GS. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of xerostomia and its associations between the sociodemographic characteristics, the state of health and some GS in adults of 60 years or older, who attend fi rst level consultation in Mexico. Material and methods: Transverse study in participants of 60 years or more, recruited in 2016. The participants underwent an integral geriatric evaluation (IGE), with which the diagnosis of xerostomia and GS was obtained. The adjusted regression analysis were determined by the confounding variables to establish the association between xerostomia, sociodemographic characteristics and some GS. Results: 264 subjects were included; the average age was 73 years (SD ± 6), women accounted for 60%. In general, 33% reported the presence of xerostomia. After adjusting for age, sex and literacy, multiple logistic regression analysis showed a signifi cant association between xerostomia and some GS (depression and pain). Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of xerostomia is higher in mexican elderly. These results suggest the importance of monitoring the deterioration of oral health, since xerostomia seems to have a negative infl uence on the state of health of the elderly and that the evaluation of xerostomia should be included in the geriatric assessment to prevent GS.

15.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 32(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-73380

RESUMO

Introducción: la definición enfermera está estrechamente ligada a su función y en consecuencia la definición de enfermería. Es un profesional que se dedica al cuidado de la salud de los seres humanos. La historia de la enfermería profesional comenzó con Nightingale, sus postulados sobre la formación de las enfermeras en la instrucción de principios científicos y experiencias prácticas para el desarrollo de habilidades sirvieron de modelo universal para las primeras escuelas de enfermería, lo que devino en la formación de enfermeras en las diferentes especialidades, como la atención al paciente geriátrico. Este temprano acierto en la formación de recursos de enfermería se refleja en las diferentes definiciones de enfermera que se aprecian en las diversas teorías aplicadas a enfermería. Objetivo: indagar sobre la evolución de la definición de enfermera, teniendo en cuenta su indispensable valor en la atención al paciente anciano. Métodos: se realizó análisis de contenido de documentos, que incluyó distintos libros de texto, artículos originales y de revisión publicados de 1993 al 2015 con las siguientes palabras clave, enfermera, geriatría, enfermería en SciELO, Dialnet y elsevier, se identificaron y revisaron 20 artículos de los que fueron útiles 11, así como monografías de varias revistas que permitió el análisis histórico lógico de la evolución de la categoría. Conclusiones: la indagación sobre la evolución de la definición de enfermera geriátrica permitió definir operacionalmente esta categoría, a partir de las particularidades de la enfermera geriátrica y el reto que enfrenta la demanda de servicios de geriatría y de enfermería en correspondencia con la satisfacción de necesidades al paciente geriátrico(AU)


Introduction: The definition of nurse is closely related to the professional's function and, in consequence, the definition of nursing, too. That person is a professional dedicated to caring for the health of human beings. The history of professional nursing started with Nightingale: her postulates about the training of nurses in the instruction of scientific principles and practical experiences for the development of skills served as a universal model for the first nursing schools, which later became the training of nurses in the different specialties, such as the care for the geriatric patient. This positive aspect at the beginning in the training of nursing resources is reflected in the deferent definitions of nursing perceived in the different theories applied to nursing. Objective: Inquire into the evolution of the definition of nurse, considering the indispensable value in the care for the elderly patient. Methods: Documental contents analysis was carried out, which included different text books, original and review articles published from 1993 and 2015 with the following key words: nurse, geriatrics, nursing, in SciELO, Dialnet and Elsevier. We identified and reviewed 20 articles, out of which 11 were useful, as well as monographs from several journals, which permitted the logical-historical analysis of the category's evolution. Conclusions: Inquiries into the evolution of the definition of geriatric nurse permitted to operationally define this category, from the particularities of the geriatric nurse and the challenge before the geriatric and nursing services demand in correspondence with the meeting of the geriatric patient's needs(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto , Enfermagem Geriátrica/ética , Enfermeiros/tendências , Cuidados de Enfermagem
16.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 32(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem, CUMED | ID: biblio-960390

RESUMO

Introducción: la definición enfermera está estrechamente ligada a su función y en consecuencia la definición de enfermería. Es un profesional que se dedica al cuidado de la salud de los seres humanos. La historia de la enfermería profesional comenzó con Nightingale, sus postulados sobre la formación de las enfermeras en la instrucción de principios científicos y experiencias prácticas para el desarrollo de habilidades sirvieron de modelo universal para las primeras escuelas de enfermería, lo que devino en la formación de enfermeras en las diferentes especialidades, como la atención al paciente geriátrico. Este temprano acierto en la formación de recursos de enfermería se refleja en las diferentes definiciones de enfermera que se aprecian en las diversas teorías aplicadas a enfermería. Objetivo: indagar sobre la evolución de la definición de enfermera, teniendo en cuenta su indispensable valor en la atención al paciente anciano. Métodos: se realizó análisis de contenido de documentos, que incluyó distintos libros de texto, artículos originales y de revisión publicados de 1993 al 2015 con las siguientes palabras clave, enfermera, geriatría, enfermería en SciELO, Dialnet y elsevier, se identificaron y revisaron 20 artículos de los que fueron útiles 11, así como monografías de varias revistas que permitió el análisis histórico lógico de la evolución de la categoría. Conclusiones: la indagación sobre la evolución de la definición de enfermera geriátrica permitió definir operacionalmente esta categoría, a partir de las particularidades de la enfermera geriátrica y el reto que enfrenta la demanda de servicios de geriatría y de enfermería en correspondencia con la satisfacción de necesidades al paciente geriátrico(AU)


Introduction: The definition of nurse is closely related to the professional's function and, in consequence, the definition of nursing, too. That person is a professional dedicated to caring for the health of human beings. The history of professional nursing started with Nightingale: her postulates about the training of nurses in the instruction of scientific principles and practical experiences for the development of skills served as a universal model for the first nursing schools, which later became the training of nurses in the different specialties, such as the care for the geriatric patient. This positive aspect at the beginning in the training of nursing resources is reflected in the deferent definitions of nursing perceived in the different theories applied to nursing. Objective: Inquire into the evolution of the definition of nurse, considering the indispensable value in the care for the elderly patient. Methods: Documental contents analysis was carried out, which included different text books, original and review articles published from 1993 and 2015 with the following key words: nurse, geriatrics, nursing, in SciELO, Dialnet and Elsevier. We identified and reviewed 20 articles, out of which 11 were useful, as well as monographs from several journals, which permitted the logical-historical analysis of the category's evolution. Conclusions: Inquiries into the evolution of the definition of geriatric nurse permitted to operationally define this category, from the particularities of the geriatric nurse and the challenge before the geriatric and nursing services demand in correspondence with the meeting of the geriatric patient's needs(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Enfermagem Geriátrica/ética , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/tendências , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto
17.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; Rev. bras. anestesiol;65(5): 326-332, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-763133

RESUMO

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sedation in dialysis dependent end-stage renal disease patients requires caution as a result of performing high doses of sedatives and its complications. Multidrug sedation regimens might be superior and advantage on lesser drug consumption and by the way adverse events which occur easily in end-stage renal disease patients. We evaluated the effects of dexmedetomidine premedication on propofol consumption, sedation levels with Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and the bispectral index and the hemodynamic changes, potential side effects in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent hip fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia.METHOD: In this randomized, controlled, double-blind study 60 elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years) with end-stage renal disease and hip fracture scheduled for anterograde femoral intramedullary nailing were assigned to groups that received either intravenous saline infusion (Group C) or dexmedetomidine 0.5 g/kg/10 min infusion for premedication (Group D). All the patients received propofol infusion after the induction of the spinal anesthesia.RESULTS: Total propofol consumption, propofol dose required for targeted sedation levels according to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and bispectral index levels, recovery times were significantly lower in Group D (p < 0.001). The time to reach to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation score 4 and to achieve bispectral index ≤ 80 was significantly lower in Group C compared with Group D (p < 0.001). Adverse events were similar in both groups.CONCLUSION: Dexmedetomidine premedication lowers intraoperative propofol consumption to maintain targeted level of sedation. Therefore low dose dexmedetomidine premedication in addition to propofol infusion might be an alternative in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease for sedation.


RESUMOJUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVO: A sedação em paciente dependente de diálise com doença renal em estágio terminal (DRET) requer cautela como resultado da administração de altas doses de sedativos e suas complicações. Os regimes de sedação com múltiplas drogas podem ser superiores e vantajosos em relação ao consumo menor de drogas e aos eventos adversos que ocorrem facilmente em pacientes com DEET. Avaliamos os efeitos da pré-medicação com dexmedetomidina sobre o consumo de propofol, os níveis de sedação com os escores da Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (OAA/S) e do índice bispectral (BIS), as alterações hemodinâmicas e os potenciais efeitos colaterais em pacientes geriátricos com DRET submetidos à cirurgia para fratura de quadril sob raquianestesia.MÉTODO: Neste estudo randômico, controlado e duplo-cego, 60 pacientes idosos (idade ≥ 65 anos), com DRET e fratura de quadril, agendados para fixação intramedular de haste femoral anterógrada foram designados para grupos para receberam infusão intravenosa de solução salina (Grupo C) ou pré-medicação com infusão de 0,5 mg kg/10 min de dexmedetomidina (DEX) (Grupo D). Todos os pacientes receberam infusão de propofol após a indução da raquianestesia.RESULTADOS: O consumo total de propofol, a dose de propofol necessária para os níveis-alvo de sedação de acordo com os escores da OAA/S, os valores do BIS e os tempos de recuperação foram significativamente menores no Grupo D (p < 0,001). O tempo para atingir o escore 4 na OAA/S e valores BIS ≤ 80 foi significativamente inferior no Grupo C em comparação com o Grupo D (p < 0,001). Os eventos adversos foram semelhantes em ambos os grupos.CONCLUSÃO: A pré-medicação com dexmedetomidina reduz o consumo de propofol no intraoperatório para manter o nível-alvo de sedação. Portanto, a pré-medicação com DEX em dose baixa em combinação com infusão de propofol pode ser uma opção para sedação em pacientes geriátricos com DRET.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Medicação Pré-Anestésica , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Dexmedetomidina/farmacologia , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/farmacologia , Falência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , Método Duplo-Cego , Dexmedetomidina/administração & dosagem , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/administração & dosagem
18.
Braz J Anesthesiol ; 65(5): 326-32, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26323728

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sedation in dialysis dependent end-stage renal disease patients requires caution as a result of performing high doses of sedatives and its complications. Multidrug sedation regimens might be superior and advantage on lesser drug consumption and by the way adverse events which occur easily in end-stage renal disease patients. We evaluated the effects of dexmedetomidine premedication on propofol consumption, sedation levels with Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and the bispectral index and the hemodynamic changes, potential side effects in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent hip fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia. METHOD: In this randomized, controlled, double-blind study 60 elderly patients (age≥65 years) with end-stage renal disease and hip fracture scheduled for anterograde femoral intramedullary nailing were assigned to groups that received either intravenous saline infusion (Group C) or dexmedetomidine 0.5µg/kg/10min infusion for premedication (Group D). All the patients received propofol infusion after the induction of the spinal anesthesia. RESULTS: Total propofol consumption, propofol dose required for targeted sedation levels according to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and bispectral index levels, recovery times were significantly lower in Group D (p<0.001). The time to reach to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation score 4 and to achieve bispectral index≤80 was significantly lower in Group C compared with Group D (p<0.001). Adverse events were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Dexmedetomidine premedication lowers intraoperative propofol consumption to maintain targeted level of sedation. Therefore low dose dexmedetomidine premedication in addition to propofol infusion might be an alternative in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease for sedation.


Assuntos
Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Dexmedetomidina/farmacologia , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/farmacologia , Falência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , Medicação Pré-Anestésica , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Dexmedetomidina/administração & dosagem , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/administração & dosagem , Masculino
19.
Rev Bras Anestesiol ; 65(5): 326-32, 2015.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26296981

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sedation in dialysis dependent end-stage renal disease patients requires caution as a result of performing high doses of sedatives and its complications. Multidrug sedation regimens might be superior and advantage on lesser drug consumption and by the way adverse events which occur easily in end-stage renal disease patients. We evaluated the effects of dexmedetomidine premedication on propofol consumption, sedation levels with Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and the bispectral index and the hemodynamic changes, potential side effects in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent hip fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia. METHOD: In this randomized, controlled, double-blind study 60 elderly patients (age≥65 years) with end-stage renal disease and hip fracture scheduled for anterograde femoral intramedullary nailing were assigned to groups that received either intravenous saline infusion (Group C) or dexmedetomidine 0.5µg/kg/10min infusion for premedication (Group D). All the patients received propofol infusion after the induction of the spinal anesthesia. RESULTS: Total propofol consumption, propofol dose required for targeted sedation levels according to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and bispectral index levels, recovery times were significantly lower in Group D (p<0.001). The time to reach to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation score 4 and to achieve bispectral index≤80 was significantly lower in Group C compared with Group D (p<0.001). Adverse events were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Dexmedetomidine premedication lowers intraoperative propofol consumption to maintain targeted level of sedation. Therefore low dose dexmedetomidine premedication in addition to propofol infusion might be an alternative in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease for sedation.

20.
Rev. cuba. anestesiol. reanim ; 14(1)ene.-abr. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-65561

RESUMO

Introducción: el Síndrome Confusional Agudo o delirio es una enfermedad frecuente, se encuentra entre el 10-15 por ciento de los pacientes médico-quirúrgicos y esta proporción se eleva al 30 por ciento en los pacientes geriátricos. Objetivo: valorar la presencia de Síndrome Confusional Agudo postanestésico o delirio en el geriátrico de urgencia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo en 100 pacientes ancianos atendidos en el servicio de anestesiología del Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima de Cienfuegos, durante el período enero del 2012 a Junio del 2013. Se identificaron las complicaciones perioperatorias y se aplicó el test de Pfeiffer a los pacientes antes y 1 horas de aplicado el proceder anestésico. Resultados: al aplicar el test de Pfeiffer en los pacientes que recibieron anestesia general se encontró que el mayor número de enfermos presentó deterioro leve en un 42 por ciento, seguido por el deterioro moderado para un 33 por ciento. La anestesia regional mostró mayor número de enfermo sin grado de deterioro. En la distribución de las complicaciones postoperatorias se evidenció que predominó la confusión mental en 30 por ciento de los casos, seguidas de hipotensión, hipertensión y taquicardia en un mayor número de pacientes. Conclusiones: el estado confusional agudo en el paciente atendido por los servicios de urgencia obedece a varios factores en los que el estado previo del enfermo y las diferentes modificaciones a que es sometido el mismo a punto de partida de las exigencias de la intervención quirúrgica son elementos favorecedores de su aparición(AU)


Introduction: The Syndrome Sharp Confusional (SCA) or delirium is a frequent illness, it is among 10-15 percent of the medical patients - surgical, and this proportion rises to 30 percent in the patient geriatrics.Objective: To value the presence of Syndrome Confusional Sharp postanestésico or delirium in the geriatric of urgency. Method: He/she was carried out a descriptive study, prospective in 100 old patients assisted in the service of anesthesiology of the Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima of Cienfuegos, during the period January of the 2012 to June of the 2013. The complications perioperatorias were identified and the test was applied before from Pfeiffer to the patients and 1 hours of having applied proceeding anesthetic. Results: When applying the test of Pfeiffer in the patients that received general anesthesia it was found that the biggest number of sick persons presented light deterioration in 42 percent, continued by the moderate deterioration for 33 percent. The regional anesthesia howed bigger number of sick without grade of deterioration. In the distribution of the postoperative complications it was evidenced that the mental confusion prevailed in 30 percent of the cases, followed by hypotension, hypertension and taquicardia in a bigger number of patient. Conclusions: The state sharp confusional in the patient assisted by the services of urgency obeys several factors in those that the sick person's previous state and the different modifications to that it is subjected the same one about to departure of the demands of the surgical intervention is elements favorecedores of its appearance(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos , Confusão/etiologia , Recuperação Demorada da Anestesia/complicações , Acrocefalossindactilia/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Prospectivos
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