RESUMO

The Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method was applied to the extraction of 14 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues from commercial fruit pulps available in supermarkets in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. The analyses were carried out by gas chromatography (GC), coupled to an electron-capture detector (ECD), and were confirmed by GC-tandem mass spectrometry (MS). The parameters of the analytical method, such as accuracy, precision, linear range, limits of detection and quantification, were determined for each pesticide. The results showed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9916) and the overall average recoveries were considered satisfactory obtaining values between 69 and 110%, RSD of 2-15 %, except for hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in açai, acerola and guava pulp samples. The OCPs were detected in guava (α-HCH; lindane) and soursop (α, ß-HCH isomers) samples. The QuEChERS method and GC-ECD were successfully used to analyze OCPs in commercially available Brazilian fruit pulps and can be applied in routine analytical laboratories.

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RESUMO

Eight tropical fruit pulps from Brazil were simultaneously characterised in terms of their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Antioxidant activity was screened by DPPH radical scavenging activity (126-3987 mg TE/100g DW) and ferric reduction activity power (368-20819 mg AAE/100g DW), and complemented with total phenolic content (329-12466 mg GAE/100g DW) and total flavonoid content measurements (46-672 mg EE /100g DW), whereas antimicrobial activity was tested against the most frequently found food pathogens. Acerola and açaí presented the highest values for the antioxidant-related measurements. Direct correlations between these measurements could be observed for some of the fruits. Tamarind exhibited the broadest antimicrobial potential, having revealed growth inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Açaí and tamarind extracts presented an inverse relationship between antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and therefore, the antibacterial activity cannot be attributed (only) to phenolic compounds.

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RESUMO

Fruit-derived products sold in Brazil and for exportation are required to comply with the quality and safety standards. These products and, among them, the fruit pulps may contain extraneous materials due to the inappropriate conditions or practices during their production, storage and distribution, including filth, decomposed material and miscellaneous materials. This study aimed at evaluating the sanitary conditions(regarding to extraneous materials) of fruit pulps sold in the Great São Paulo, during the four seasons of 2010. This investigation analyzed 115 tomato pulp, 93 guava pulp, 99 strawberry pulp and 89 mango pulp by means of the techniques described in the AOAC, 18th, 2005, Chapter 16 - Extraneous Materials: Isolation. Insect fragments were the most frequent filth category detected in the pulps (in 93 % of guava and strawberry, 77 % of tomato and 48 % of mango samples), followed by the rodent hair (in 24 % of tomato, in 3 % of guava, in 1 % of strawberry and in 0.5 % of mango samples). The occurrence of miteswas mostly frequent in strawberry samples (33 %). This study indicated that the majority of the analyzed pulps showed satisfactory sanitary conditions, evidencing that the Good Manufacturing Practices was adopted by the productive sector...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Fruit-derived products sold in Brazil and for exportation are required to comply with the quality and safety standards. These products and, among them, the fruit pulps may contain extraneous materials due to the inappropriate conditions or practices during their production, storage and distribution, including filth, decomposed material and miscellaneous materials. This study aimed at evaluating the sanitary conditions (regarding to extraneous materials) of fruit pulps sold in the Great São Paulo, during the four seasons of 2010. This investigation analyzed 115 tomato pulp, 93 guava pulp, 99 strawberry pulp and 89 mango pulp by means of the techniques described in the AOAC, 18th, 2005, Chapter 16 - Extraneous Materials: Isolation. Insect fragments were the most frequent filth category detected in the pulps (in 93 % of guava and strawberry, 77 % of tomato and 48 % of mango samples), followed by the rodent hair (in 24 % of tomato, in 3 % of guava, in 1 % of strawberry and in 0.5 % of mango samples). The occurrence of mites was mostly frequent in strawberry samples (33 %). This study indicated that the majority of the analyzed pulps showed satisfactory sanitary conditions, evidencing that the Good Manufacturing Practices was adopted by the productive sector.(AU)

Os produtos derivados de frutas comercializados no Brasil e os exportados exigem do setor produtivo o atendimento aos padrões de qualidade e segurança. Esses produtos, dentre eles, as polpas de frutas podem conter matérias estranhas em função de condições ou práticas inadequadas de produção, armazenamento ou distribuição, incluindo-se sujidades, material decomposto e materiais diversos. No presente estudo foram avaliadas as condições sanitárias (presença de matérias estranhas) de polpas de frutas comercializadas na Grande São Paulo, durante as quatro estações do ano de 2010. Foram analisadas 115 amostras de polpa de tomate, 93 de polpa de goiaba, 99 de polpa de morango e 89 polpas de manga, empregando-se as técnicas descritas na AOAC, 18 ed, 2005, Capítulo 16 - Matérias Estranhas: Isolamento. Os fragmentos de insetos foram detectados na maior porcentagem de amostras (em 93 % de goiaba e de morango, em 77 % de tomate e 48 % de manga), seguidos de pelos de roedor (24 % em tomate, 3 % em goiaba, 1 % em morango e 0,5 % em manga). Os ácaros foram mais freqüentes nas amostras de morango (33 %). No geral, a maioria das polpas analisadas apresentou condições sanitárias satisfatórias, o que indica que as Boas Práticas de Fabricação foram adotadas pelo setor produtivo.(AU)

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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue el determinar algunos de los indicadores de vida útil, higiene y condiciones del proceso y almacenamiento, la asociación entre la pulpa de la fruta y microorganismos patógenos de pulpas de guanábana, mango y maracuyá provenientes de las principales cadenas de supermercados de la gran área metropolitana (GAM) de San José, Costa Rica, así como examinar la potencial presencia de Listeria monocytogenes en ellas. Se analizó un total de 60 muestras, a las cuales se les determinó su pH así como su recuento total aerobio, recuento de mohos y levaduras, bacterias lácticas, número más probable de coliformes totales y fecales y la presencia o ausencia de Listeria monocytogenes en 25 g del producto. Los rangos de pH encontrados en las pulpas variaron entre 3,1 y 3,9 y los recuentos obtenidos fueron relativamente bajos a excepción de los provenientes de una industria. Ninguna de las muestras analizadas presentó coliformes totales ni fecales. Se confirmó la presencia de Listeria monocytogenes en tres muestras, todas provenientes de la industria C. Los bajos recuentos obtenidos pueden deberse a la adición de sustancias preservantes pero también porque son productos pasteurizados; la falta de estos dos elementos puede significar la presencia de bacterias tan peligrosas como Listeria monocytogenes.

The objective of this work was to determine some of the indicators associated to shelf life, hygiene, process and storage conditions for some of custard apple, mango and passion fruit pulps distributed by the main supermarket chains of the Metropolitan Area of San José, Costa Rica, as well as to examine the potential presence of Listeria monocytogenes in them. Sixty fruit pulp samples were analyzed. Tests included pH determination, total aerobic plate count, yeasts and mold count, lactic bacteria count, total and fecal most probable number and the presence/absence of Listeria monocytogenes in 25 g of the product. Fruit pulp’s pH ranged between 3,1 and 3,9, and the microbiological counts obtained were relatively low except for one industry. None of the samples analyzed presented total or fecal coliforms. The presence of Listeria monocytogenes was confirmed in three samples, all of them coming from industry C. Low microbiological counts obtained may be due to the addition of preserving substances and to the pasteurization of some of the products; lack of these two elements may allow the presence of dangerous bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes.

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