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Resumo Objetivo avaliar e comparar fatores socioeconômicos, hábitos de vida e saúde de mulheres idosas com e sem vivência sexual. Método Pesquisa quantitativa, analítica, observacional e transversal de base populacional. As participantes foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo CVS - com vivência sexual e grupo SVS - sem vivência sexual, por meio da pergunta: "Você tem vida sexual ativa?". Foram analisadas variáveis socioeconômicas, sono, comorbidades e nível de atividade física através de uma questão do SRQ-20, uma lista baseada no Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho e o IPAQ versão longa, respectivamente. A análise descritiva foi realizada com uso de frequências absolutas e percentuais. O teste U de Mann Whitney, teste qui-quadrado e regressão linear múltipla consideraram nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados a amostra totalizou 494 idosas, 100 delas do grupo CVS. Ter um companheiro fixo (p<0,0001), idade menos avançada (p<0,0001), renda familiar mais alta (p<0,0001), tempo de atividade física vigorosa (p=0,005) e caminhada (p<0,0001) foram fatores significativos e positivos quanto a continuidade da vivência sexual na amostra analisada. Conclusão O estudo identificou diferenças significativas quando comparados os grupos demonstrando a influência dos fatores socioeconômicos e de saúde na expressão da sexualidade de mulheres idosas, destacando os desafios enfrentados. Políticas públicas e ações de educação em saúde são necessárias para garantir direitos, dignidade e promover mudanças positivas na vida dessa população.
Abstract Objective To assess and compare socioeconomic factors, lifestyle habits, and the health of older women with and without sexual experience. Method A quantitative, analytical, observational, and cross-sectional population-based study was conducted. Participants were divided into two groups: the CVS group (with sexual experience) and the SVS group (without sexual experience), based on the question: "Do you have an active sexual life?". Socioeconomic variables, sleep patterns, comorbidities, and the level of physical activity were analyzed using a question from the SRQ-20, a list based on the Work Ability Index, and the long version of the IPAQ, respectively. Descriptive analysis was performed using absolute frequencies and percentages. Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and multiple linear regression were used with a significance level set at p<0.05. Results The total sample consisted of 494 older women, with 100 of them in the CVS group. Having a stable partner (p<0.0001), a younger age (p<0.0001), higher family income (p<0.0001), duration of vigorous physical activity (p=0.005), and walking (p<0.0001) were significant and positive factors for continued sexual experience in the analyzed sample. Conclusion The study identified significant differences when comparing the groups, highlighting the influence of socioeconomic and health factors on the expression of sexuality in older women, thus emphasizing the challenges they face. Public policies and health education initiatives are necessary to safeguard rights, dignity, and promote positive changes in the lives of this population.
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Physical activity is broadly recognized for promoting weight reduction and bestowing numerous health benefits. Nonetheless, robust evidence concerning the impact of physical activity on postmenopausal women, undergoing physiological shifts, remains scant. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between physical activity and body composition among postmenopausal women. Employing a cross-sectional and retrospective design, 702 women were examined. Data on physical activity and body composition were amassed through anthropometric assessments and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). A significant proportion of women exhibited anthropometric alterations indicative of overweight/obesity, alongside elevated values in Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip Ratio, Waist-to-Height, and bone mass, signifying a heightened risk for disease onset. While a majority engaged in some form of physical activity, this did not yield notable reductions in the assessed metrics. Noteworthy changes were only discerned in BMI and bone mass among pre-menopausal women; whereas among postmenopausal women, in addition to disparities in bone mass, those inactive were 1.18 times more prone to a very high disease risk, as gauged by WC.
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Introducción: la salud materna constituye un derecho humano impostergable. Objetivo: identificar problemas de salud en gestantes vinculados con la atención preconcepcional. Métodos: investigación observacional prospectiva realizada en todas las gestantes captadas en el Policlínico Docente Universitario "Mario Muñoz Monroy", Habana del Este, entre el 1ro. de enero 2009 y el 31 de diciembre 2010. Se diseñó un cuestionario estructurado según la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades. Los datos se procesaron mediante un sistema computarizado de análisis dinámico prenatal. Resultados: el 73,2 % de las gestantes tuvieron problemas de salud desde la consulta de captación y su proporción se incrementó en la de reevaluación (82,4 %). La infección cérvico vaginal, la carie dental, la anemia y alteraciones de la curva de peso, fueron los principales trastornos maternos durante el embarazo.La atención al riesgo reproductivo preconcepcional se debe diferenciar, con énfasis en los meses de septiembre octubre y noviembre e incluir a las mujeres en edad fértil de tránsito en el área de salud, se acuerde el momento oportuno de la concepción, se estratifique por grupos de edad y se investigue su estado de salud. Conclusiones: la identificación del ritmo de captaciones y los problemas de salud durante el embarazo permiten definir aspectos claves en la atención preconcepcional en mujeres de edad fértil. Los problemas de salud encontrados, no son nuevos, sino preexistentes y desconocidos por la gestante, sin seguimiento ni atención médica, lo que remarca la necesidad de la atención al riesgo reproductivo preconcepcional.
Introduction: maternal health is an undeferrable human right. Objective: to identify health problems in pregnant women linked to preconceptional care. Methods: prospective and observational research study of all the pregnant women detected at "Mario Muñoz Monroy" university policlinics located in Habana del Este municipality from January 1st 2009 to December 31st 2010. A structured questionnaire was prepared according to the International Classification of Diseases. Data were processed using a computer-based dynamic prenatal analysis system that includes percentages, summary and dispersion measures. Results: of the studied pregnant women, 73.2 % presented with health problems since the time of detection and the proportion increased by the time of the re-evaluation appointment (82.4 %). Cervix uteri and vaginal infection, dental caries, anemia and weight curve alterations, were the main maternal disorders during pregnancy. The care of the preconceptional reproductive risk should be differentiated, with emphasis on the situation of October, November and December, where women at fertile age that are temporarily living in the health area, will be included; the timely moment for conception will be agreed upon; they will be stratified by age groups and their health condition will be studied. Conclusions: identifying the rate of detection of pregnant women and the health problems during pregnancy allows defining key aspects for the preconceptional risk care in fertile women. The above-mentioned health problems are not new but preexistent and unknown by the pregnant woman, with neither adequate follow-up nor medical care, all of which highlights the need of care for the preconceptional reproductive risk.
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Estudo de campo, realizado em ambulatório de DST/HIV/aids de hospital de doenças infecciosas de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. Objetivou-se conhecer aspectos sexuais e perspectivas reprodutivas de mulheres com HIV/aids e verificar o que mudou com a soropositividade. Os dados foram coletados com 64 mulheres, por meio de entrevista e observação, de janeiro a março de 2008. Das mulheres, 47 (73,4 porcento) se relacionavam com parceiro fixo; 32 (68,0 porcento afirmaram usar o preservativo "sempre", porém apenas 11 (17,2 porcento) demonstraram a colocação correta. Desejo pela maternidade foi referido por 45 (70,3 porcento) das participantes. A partir da soropositividade, 12 (28,5 porcento) mulheres tiveram redução e/ou ausência da libido e restrições nas modalidades das práticas sexuais, 10 (23,8 porcento) tornaram-se comedidas em relação a novos parceiros, 9 (21,4 porcento) apresentaram medo da reação das pessoas ao diagnóstico, 5 (11,9 porcento) passaram a usar preservativo e 4 (9,51 porcento) apresentaram medo de engravidar(AU)
This field study was carried out in the STD/HIV/AIDS outpatient department of infectious diseases hospital in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. It was aimed to know sexual aspects and reproductive perspectives of women with HIV/aids and to verify the changes occurred with seropositivity. The data were collected from 64 women, through interview and observation, from January to March 2008. From these women, 47 (73,4 percent) had a fixed partner; 32 (68,0 percent) stated they had always used 'condom'; however only 11 (17,2 percent) demonstrated the correct placing. Desire for maternity was referred by 45 (70,3 percent) participants. After finding the seropositivy, 12 (28,5 percent) women had reduction and/or absence of libido and restrictions in the forms of sexual practices, 10 (23,8 percent) became refrained from having new sexual partners, 9 (21,4 percent) feared people's reaction to the diagnosis, 5 (11,9 percent) started to use condom and 4 (9,51 percent) developed fear of getting pregnan(AU)
Estudio de campo, realizado por el departamento de ETS/VIH/Sida de hospital de enfermedades infecciosas de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. Tuvo como objetivos conocer aspectos sexuales y perspectivas reproductivas de mujeres con VIH/Sida y verificar qué cambió con la seropositividad. Los datos fueron recogidos en 64 mujeres mediante entrevista y observación, de enero a marzo de 2008. De las mujeres, 47 (73,4 por ciento) estaban relacionadas con pareja estable; 32 (68,0 por ciento) afirmaron utilizar el condon "siempre", sin embargo solamente 11 (17,2 por ciento) demostraron la colocación correcta. El deseo para la maternidad fue referido por 45 (70,3 por ciento) de las participantes. Después de la seropositividad, 12 (28,5 por ciento) de las mujeres ha disminuido o presentado ausencia de libido y restricciones en las formas de prácticas sexuales; 10 (23,8 por ciento) se refrenó en lo referente a las nuevas parejas, 9 (21,4 por ciento) temió la reacción de la gente al diagnóstico, 5 (11,9 por ciento) comenzó a utilizar condones y 4 (9,51 por ciento) tenían miedo al embarazo(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/prevenção & controle , Soropositividade para HIV/diagnóstico , Coleta de Dados/métodos , EntrevistaRESUMO
Objetivo Evaluar el acceso y la oportunidad al diagnóstico y al tratamiento que tienen las pacientes con lesiones cervicales de alto grado o cáncer de acuerdo con el reporte citológico, en Colombia entre junio 2005 a junio del 2006. Metodología Estudio retrospectivo mediante encuestas a una muestra de mujeres con anormalidad citológica residentes de cuatro departamentos de Colombia seleccionados por conveniencia en relación con diferentes tasas de mortalidad. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y se compararon las diferencias entre los departamentos. Resultados El 27 por ciento de las mujeres con lesiones de alto grado o invasoras no tuvieron acceso a alguno de los servicios diagnósticos o terapéuticos por razones de tipo administrativo de los servicios de salud, razones clínicas y culturales de las mujeres. Discusión Un elemento crítico que explica el bajo impacto en la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino en la mayoría de los países de Latino América es la disociación entre actividades de tamización y las de tratamiento.
Objective Evaluating the opportunity and access to diagnosis and treatment for females having had an abnormal Pap smear (high-grade epithelial lesion and cervical cancer) in Colombia from June 2005 to June 2006. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective appraisal using a semi-closed survey of females having had an abnormal Pap smear with high squamous intraepithelial lesions or cervical cancer living in four Colombian departments. These areas were conveniently selected according to their different mortality rates. A descriptive analysis was made and the departments differences compared. Results It was found that 27 percent of females having high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or cervical cancer had no access to any of the diagnostic or therapeutic services. Health service administration problems and clinical and cultural ones affecting the females in the study could explain such results. Discussion Follow-up care after abnormal cytology was very poor and could explain the lack of cervical cancer screening impact in Colombia and in most Latin-American countries.