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The current study evaluated cultural values and family processes that may moderate associations between daily racial-ethnic discrimination and distress among Mexican-origin youth. Integrating micro-time (daily diary) and macro-time (longitudinal survey) research design features, we examined familism, family cohesion, and ethnic-racial socialization from youth-, mother-, and father- reports as potential buffers of daily associations between youth racial-ethnic discrimination and youth distress (negative affect and anger). The analytic sample, drawn from the Seguimos Avanzando study, included 317 Mexican-origin adolescents (Mage = 13.5 years) and their parents, recruited from the Midwestern United States. Results indicated that youth-reported familism and family cohesion significantly buffered daily associations between youth racial-ethnic discrimination and youth distress. In contrast, parent-reported familism and family cohesion and some aspects of ethnic-racial socialization exacerbated the discrimination to distress link. The implications of these results are discussed to inform efforts supporting the healthy development of Mexican-origin youth and their families.

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Abstract It is intended to study the quality of the Family Functioning Scale (Portuguese version) and to understand/characterize the relationship between Family Functioning and Parenting Styles. The samples include 1757 Portuguese parents, 77.3% being female (N=1359), aged between 20 and 80 years old (M=41.61; SD=5.71). The results confirm a relationship between the dimensions of family functioning and parenting styles, especially with the emotional support dimension. Parents between 36 and 45 years old have a more positive family functioning and a parenting style associated with higher levels of emotional support, lower levels of rejection, and moderate levels of control/supervision. It is concluded that it is a valid, sensitive, and robust instrument, and the results are a contribution to psychosocial research and intervention.

Resumo Pretende-se estudar a qualidade da Escala do Funcionamento Familiar (versão portuguesa) e compreender/caracterizar a relação entre o Funcionamento Familiar e os Estilos Parentais. A amostra inclui 1757 pais portugueses, sendo 77,3% do sexo feminino (N=1359), com idades entre os 20 e os 80 anos (M=41,61; DP=5,71). Os resultados confirmam uma relação entre as dimensões do funcionamento familiar e dos estilos parentais, especialmente com o suporte emocional. Os pais entre 36 e 45 anos apresentam um funcionamento familiar mais positivo e um estilo parental associado a níveis mais elevados de suporte emocional, níveis mais baixos de rejeição e níveis moderados de controlo/supervisão. Conclui-se que é um instrumento válido, sensível e robusto, e os resultados são um contributo para a investigação e intervenção psicossocial.

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To assess the longitudinal relationship between individual and interpersonal risk and protective factors and dating violence perpetration among non-urban Mexican-American youth. With data from a 24-month prospective cohort study (2015-2019; baseline recruitment spanned from 2015-2017; four follow-up interviews every 6 months) of Mexican-American youth (8th grade at baseline) living in an agricultural region (Salinas, California), we utilized multivariable modified Poisson general estimating equations stratified by gender (n = 489) to assess the relationships of religiosity, non-violent problem-solving skills, school connectedness, family cohesion, and bullying victimization with dating violence perpetration. Among girls, but not boys, non-violent problem-solving skills [adjusted relative risk (ARR): 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56-0.99] and family cohesion (ARR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.48-0.97) were negatively associated with dating violence perpetration, and frequency of bullying victimization was positively associated (ARR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.37-2.59). Non-urban Mexican-American female youth may benefit from multi-level dating violence prevention that strengthens family cohesion by building upon the Mexican-American cultural value of familismo and addresses common risk factors for bullying and dating violence perpetration. Additionally, results affirm etiological differences between girls' and boys' dating violence perpetration and the need for improved measurement.

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Resumen Introducción: El nivel de cohesión de un núcleo familiar permite caracterizar los vínculos y relaciones que existen entre sus miembros y constituye un insumo fundamental para el desarrollo de políticas y programas de intervención en la familia. Objetivo: Identificar factores asociados a la cohesión familiar en adolescentes del Municipio de Envigado. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal, de fuente de información primaria, con una muestra de 1008 estudiantes de dos colegios de Envigado. Se utilizó la escala de cohesión familiar, de Depresión de Zung, de Habilidades Sociales de Gismero, y preguntas sociodemográficas y de consumo de sustancias. Resultados: El 61,5% de los adolescentes se encontraban sin riesgo de alcoholismo, el 73,8% sin dependencia a drogas, un 16,5% tenían riesgo de depresión y un 81,7% presentaban buenas habilidades sociales. La prevalencia de cohesión familiar fue 96,6%. La satisfacción con la familia y la ausencia de depresión, se asociaron a buena cohesión familiar. Conclusiones: La presencia de depresión en el adolescente y un alto nivel de insatisfacción con el núcleo familiar son factores asociados a la falta de cohesión familiar; factores como la violencia intrafamiliar, las habilidades sociales y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas no presentaron asociación con la variable de interés.

Abstract Introduction: The level of cohesion within a family nucleus is useful to characterize connections and relationships established between its members. It also constitutes a fundamental factor in the development of family intervention programs and policies. Objective: To identify factors associated with family cohesion in adolescents from the municipality of Envigado (Colombia). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study using a primary source of information and a sample of 1008 students from two schools from Envigado. The following instruments were used: family cohesion scale; Zung's Depression scale; Gismero's Social Skills scale; and sociodemographic and substance use questions. Results: 61.5% of adolescents were not at risk for alcoholism, 73.8% were not drug dependent, 16.5% were at risk of depression, and 81.7% had adequate social skills. The prevalence of family cohesion was 96.6%. A feeling of satisfaction with their families and absence of depression were associated with good family cohesion. Conclusions: Depression in adolescents and a high level of dissatisfaction towards their family are factors associated with the lack of family cohesion. Factors such as domestic violence, social skills, and use of psychoactive substances did not show an association with the variable of interest.

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Resumen Se investigó el desarrollo psicomotor temprano y si existían diferencias significativas en las diversas áreas de este desarrollo según la funcionalidad familiar (cohesión y adaptabilidad familiar) desde la percepción materna. Se trabajó con un diseño no experimental de alcance descriptivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 32 diadas madre- hijo de entre 12 y 27 meses de edad. Se administró el Instrumento de Observación del Desarrollo Infantil (IODI), la Prueba Nacional de Pesquisa (PRUNAPE) y FACES III. Se encontraron diversas diferencias significativas entre tipo de cohesión-adaptabilidad familiar y áreas de la PRUNAPE (p<.05) y del IODI (p<.05). Se observó un desarrollo infantil temprano más favorable en las áreas personal social, lenguaje y socioemocional, en aquellas familias conectadas y flexibles.

Abstract The early psychomotor development was investigated and whether there were significant differences in the various areas of this development according to the maternal perception of family functionality (family cohesion and adaptability). A non-experimental descriptive design was carried out. The sample was comprised of 32 mothers with their children between 12 and 27 months old. Data was collected regarding The Child Development Observation Instrument (IODI), The National Research Test (PRUNAPE) and FACES III. Significant differences between cohesion and adaptability types and areas of development from PRUNAPE (p <.05) and IODI (p <.05) were observed. A more favorable early childhood psychomotor development was observed in the personal social area, as well as in A more favorable early the language and socioemotional area, in those families connected and flexible.

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Antecedentes: Vivir con una persona portadora de lesión medular afecta al entorno y su medio, sobre todo por el grado en que el paciente depende de los familiares. El presente estudio, descriptivo comparativo, examinó la asociación entre las variables clínicas y adaptabilidad y cohesión familiar en pacientes con Lesión Medular. Método: Se utilizó la Escala de evaluación de la cohesión y la adaptabilidad familiar de D. Olson - FACES III. La muestra estuvo constituida por 100 pacientes del Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, en su mayoría varones (77%). Resultados: No se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas de cohesión y adaptabilidad familiar en cuanto a las variables clínicas (etiología de la lesión, nivel de la lesión, tipo de lesión y tiempo de evolución). Se encontró un tamaño del efecto pequeño en cuanto a adaptabilidad familiar y tiempo de evolución de la lesión (d = 0.36). Conclusión: Inicialmente, las familias, que conviven con un paciente con lesión medular, presentan dificultades respecto a la cohesión y adaptabilidad familiar. Sin embargo, al transcurrir el tiempo, las familias tienden a adaptarse a una nueva condición.

Background: Living with a person with a spinal cord injury affects the family environment and context, especially due to the degree to which the patient depends on the family members. The present study, descriptive and comparative, examined the association between the clinical variables to family functioning in patients with Spinal Cord Injury. Method: The sample was constituted by 100 patients of the National Institute of Rehabilitation, most were males (77%). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in family cohesion and adaptability in terms of clinical variables (etiology of the lesion, level of the lesion, type of lesion and time of evolution). A small effect size was found in terms of family adaptability and time of evolution of the lesion (d = 0.36). Conclusion: Initially, families, who live with a patient with spinal cord injury, present difficulties regarding family cohesion and adaptability. However, as time goes by, families tend to adapt to a new condition.

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Family-level conflict and cohesion are well-established predictors of adolescent mental health. However, traditional approaches focusing on between-family differences in cohesion and conflict may overlook daily intrafamily variability that might provide important new information. We used data from a 21-day daily diary protocol in a sample of 151 caregivers (95.3% female) and their adolescent child (61.5% female) in two-caregiver families to test whether daily changes in family functioning are associated with daily changes in adolescent well-being and whether adolescent well-being depends on average levels of family functioning. We examined family cohesion and conflict in relation to adolescent angry, depressed, and anxious mood, as well as happiness, life satisfaction, and meaning and purpose in life in multilevel models. Both cohesion and conflict exhibited meaningful daily variation. Adolescent-reported cohesion and conflict had unique within-family associations with all six adolescent outcomes. Models using parent reports of family functioning yielded fewer associations than models with adolescent reports; however, several findings remained. Cross-level interactions indicated that within-family variations in cohesion were only associated with adolescent depression in families with lower average levels of cohesion across days. In sum, this study provides compelling evidence that families exhibit meaningful variability from day to day and that daily variation has important implications for adolescent well-being.

El conflicto y la cohesión a nivel familiar son predictores bien establecidos de la salud mental adolescente. Sin embargo, los enfoques tradicionales que se centran en diferencias interfamiliares en la cohesión y el conflicto pueden pasar por alto la variabilidad intrafamiliar diaria que podría proporcionar información importante y nueva. Utilizamos datos de un protocolo de registro diario de 21 días en una muestra de 151 cuidadores (el 95.3 % de sexo femenino) y su hijo adolescente (el 61.5% de sexo femenino) en familias de dos cuidadores para evaluar si los cambios diarios en el funcionamiento familiar están asociados con los cambios diarios en el bienestar de los adolescentes, y si el bienestar de los adolescentes depende de los niveles promedio de funcionamiento familiar. Analizamos la cohesión y el conflicto familiar en relación con los estados de ánimo de enojo, depresión y ansiedad así como de felicidad, satisfacción con la vida, y significado y propósito en la vida en modelos multinivel. Tanto la cohesión como el conflicto demostraron una variación diaria significativa. La cohesión y el conflicto informados por los adolescentes tuvieron asociaciones únicas dentro de las familias con los seis resultados de los adolescentes. Los modelos que utilizaron informes de los padres del funcionamiento familiar indicaron menos asociaciones que los modelos con informes de los adolescentes, sin embargo, quedaron varios hallazgos. Las interacciones a nivel transversal indicaron que las variaciones en la cohesión intrafamiliar estuvieron solamente asociadas con la depresión de los adolescentes en las familias con niveles promedio más bajos de cohesión a lo largo de los días. En resumen, este estudio ofrece pruebas convincentes de que las familias demuestran una variabilidad significativa día a día y de que la variación diaria tiene importantes implicancias para el bienestar de los adolescentes.

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Resumen Introducción: La migración es un proceso que implica cambios para el migrante, estos se ven reflejados en las actividades y prácticas que se realizan en el lugar receptor, y muchas veces no son las mismas de la cultura de procedencia, sin embargo las va adquiriendo de forma paulatina y gradual, hasta ser partícipe de ellas, alterando su cohesión familiar y propiciando el proceso de aculturación. Dichos cambios pueden tener efectos en la salud del migrante. Objetivo: Identificar los efectos que tiene la migración en la salud del migrante y su papel mediador de la cohesión familiar y la aculturación. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática (metodología PRISMA) en la base de datos PubMed de artículos completos, utilizando como palabras clave: migrante, aculturación, cohesión familiar. Resultados: La elevada cohesión familiar es un factor protector de la salud, porque fortalece la identidad y pertenencia cultural del inmigrante, mientras que la aculturación trae consigo ciertas conductas desfavorables para la salud, relacionadas con la necesidad de ser aceptado y de participar en las actividades y prácticas del lugar receptor. Conclusiones: El fortalecimiento de la cohesión familiar puede ser una estrategia para mejorar la condición de salud de las personas que migran.

Abstract Introduction: Migration is a process that implies changes for the migrant, these are reflected in the activities and practices that are carried out in the receiving place, and often they are different from the place of origin. However these activities are acquired gradually, and by participating in them, they alter family cohesion and promote the acculturation process. Such changes may have an effect on the health of the migrant. Objective: To identify the effects that migration has on the health of the migrant and the mediating role of family cohesion and acculturation. Materials and methods: A systematic search (PRISMA methodology) was carried out in the PubMed database of complete articles, using as keywords: Migrant, acculturation, family cohesion. Results: High family cohesion is a protective health factor, because it strengthens the identity and cultural belonging of the immigrant. Acculturation brings certain unfavorable behaviors for health, related to the need to be accepted and to participate in activities and practices of the receiving place. Conclusions: Strengthening family cohesion can be a strategy to improve the health condition of people who migrate.

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BACKGROUND: Informal caregivers of individuals with Parkinson's disease face a range of responsibilities that increase as the disease progresses. As a result of these stressors, caregivers are vulnerable to decreased health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Guided by the stress process model of caregiving, the present study examined the relations between family cohesion, perceived burden, and mental and physical HRQOL among Parkinson's disease caregivers in Mexico. It was hypothesized that perceived burden would mediate the relations of family cohesion and mental and physical HRQOL. METHODS: Ninety-five family caregivers of individuals with Parkinson's disease in Mexico City, Mexico, participated in the study. Multiple regression was utilized to conduct mediation analyses. RESULTS: Results indicated that burden fully mediated the relation between family cohesion and mental HRQOL, and family cohesion was not associated with physical HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS: Findings extend the stress process model cross-culturally and lend support for the importance of family cohesion and perceived burden in determining caregiver mental HRQOL. Clinical health promotion interventions should target perceived burden and family cohesion together to improve mental HRQOL among familial caregivers in Mexico.

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Mexican-origin adolescents have a high prevalence of obesity. Research is needed to understand how family context may shape adolescent BMI. This study examined longitudinal associations of family functioning variables with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's modified BMI z-score (BMIaz) in 1175 Mexican-origin adolescents, and explored interactions with acculturation. Adolescents (50% female, aged 11-13 y in 2005-06) were identified from an ongoing cohort study of Mexican-origin adults in Houston, TX, and were assessed three times from 2005-06 to 2010-11. In multivariate linear mixed models stratified by gender, we assessed longitudinal associations of family cohesion and family conflict with adolescent BMIaz and explored interactions with language acculturation. We disaggregated the between- (mean) and within-person (individual deviation) components of family cohesion and family conflict to assess the effects on BMIaz. Approximately one-third of adolescents were obese at baseline, and BMIaz declined during the study. In girls, higher mean family cohesion and conflict were associated with steeper declines in BMIaz. Parental linguistic acculturation modified the relationship between within-person deviation in family cohesion and BMIaz in girls, such that high parental U.S. acculturation was associated with a stronger inverse association. There were no significant associations in boys. These findings highlight the potential importance of the family context to female adolescent BMI and the promise of addressing family context in obesity-related interventions.

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Using a sample of 279 (52% female) Latino youth in 9th grade (M = 14.57, SD = .56), we examined profiles of family cohesion and parenting practices and their relation to youth adjustment. The results of latent profile analyses revealed four family profiles: Engaged, Supportive, Intrusive, and Disengaged. Latino youth in the Supportive family profile showed most positive adjustment (highest self-esteem and lowest depressive symptoms), followed by youth in the Engaged family profile. Youth in the Intrusive and Disengaged profiles showed the lowest levels of positive adjustment. The findings contribute to the current literature on family dynamics, family profiles, and youth psychological adjustment within specific ethnic groups.

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Resumen Investigación correlacional, cuyo objetivo fue establecer la relación entre cohesión familiar y nivel de sintomatología depresiva en adolescentes escolarizados de una institución educativa de la ciu dad de Tunja (Boyacá). La muestra, seleccionada a partir de muestreo no probabilístico, estuvo conformada por 244 estudiantes de básica secundaria, 51,6 % hombres y 48,4 % mujeres, con una media de edad de 17 años. Se aplicó la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epide miológicos CES-D adaptada para población colombiana (Villalobos & Ortiz, 2012), la Escala de Cohesión Familiar de Torres de Galvis y Murelle (Maya et al., 2000) y una ficha de datos sociodemográfica diseñada para el estudio. Los datos se analizaron con el índice de correlación de Tau-b de Kendall (SPSS v.23), y se concluye que existe una relación negativa (-0,161) entre la presencia de sintomatología depresiva y el nivel de cohesión familiar y una significancia de 0.012; se destaca la correlación existente entre las dos variables y los altos índices de sintomatología depresiva. De acuerdo a lo anterior se sugiere implementar estrategias de prevención e intervención interdisci plinarias para favorecer los factores de protección frente a la depresión en adolescentes.

Abstract The purpose of this correlational research paper is to establish the relationship between family cohesion and the level of depressive symptoms in adolescent students who attend an educational institution in Tunja (Boyaca). Non-probability sampling was selected. The average age of the 244 high school students (51.6 % male and 48.4 % women) was 17 years old. The following two scales were applied for the study: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), adapted for Colombian population by Villalobos & Ortiz (2012) and the Family Cohesion Evaluation Scale, by Torres Galvis and Murelle (2010). In addition, a social-demographic data sheet was designed for this purpose. Data was analyzed based on the Kendall rank correlation coefficient l (SPSS v.23). It was then concluded that there is a negative relationship (-0.161) between the pres ence of depressive symptoms and the level of family cohesion, with 0.012 level of significance. The correlation existing between the two variables and high rates depressive symptomatology is highlighted; for this reason, it is important to implement strategies for prevention and interdisci plinary intervention to promote protective factors facing depression in adolescents.

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BACKGROUND: The extended multigenerational family is a core value of Hispanic culture. Family cohesion/pride can have protective effects on drinking- and drug-use-related behavior among Hispanics. OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between family cohesion/pride, drinking, binge drinking, and DSM-5 alcohol use disorder (AUD) in Puerto Rico. METHODS: Data are from a household random sample of 1510 individuals 18-64 years of age in San Juan, Puerto Rico. RESULTS: Bivariate analyses showed that family cohesion/pride was not associated with the average number of drinks consumed per week but was associated with binge drinking among men. Family cohesion/pride was also associated with DSM-5 AUD. Results of the multivariate analyses were consistent with these bivariate results for DSM-5 AUD. Respondents with low (OR = 2.2, 95CL = 1.21-3.98; p < .01) and medium (OR = 1.88; 95CL = 1.12-3.14; p < .01) family cohesion/pride were more likely than those with high family cohesion/pride to have a positive diagnosis of DSM-5 AUD. More liberal drinking norms and positive attitudes toward drinking were also strong predictors of the average number of drinks consumed per week. More liberal drinking norms also predicted binge drinking, and DSM-5 AUD. CONCLUSIONS: Higher family cohesion/pride may have a protective effect against DSM-5 AUD. This may have practical implications for clinical and prevention programs. As long as high cohesion is not enabling drinking, these programs can enhance and support family cohesion/pride to help clients in treatment and recovery and prevent drinking problems.

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PURPOSE: High levels of family conflict increase the risk for early smoking initiation and smoking escalation among adolescents, whereas high levels of warmth and cohesion in the family are protective against smoking initiation. However, little is known about the associations between changes in family function during adolescence on subsequent smoking initiation among Mexican heritage adolescents. METHODS: In 2005-2006, 1,328 Mexican heritage adolescents aged 11-14 years enrolled in a cohort study to examine nongenetic and genetic factors associated with cigarette experimentation. In 2008-2009, 1,154 participants completed a follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression models were computed to prospectively examine associations between smoking behavior assessed in 2008-2009 and changes in family cohesion and family conflict assessed in both 2005-2006 and 2008-2009, controlling for gender, age, and linguistic acculturation, positive outcome expectations associated with smoking, as well as friends and family smoking behavior. RESULTS: Overall 21% had tried cigarettes by 2008-2009. Consistently low levels of family cohesion (odds ratio [OR] = 3.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-6.73) and decreases in family cohesion (OR = 2.36; 95% CI, 1.37-4.07), as well as consistently high levels of family conflict (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.08-2.79) and increases in conflict (OR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.19-2.94) were independent risk factors for smoking initiation among Mexican heritage youth. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that family cohesion protects against adolescent smoking, whereas family conflict increases the risk for smoking. Therefore, intervention programs for adolescents and parents could focus on enhancing family bonding and closeness, which is protective against smoking initiation.

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The aim of this study was to explore the level and type of both parental stress and coping strategies in a sample of 109 mothers from at-risk families attended by Social Services. A cluster analysis revealed three groups: Adapted-Strategic, Clinical-Avoidant, and Extreme-Passive. A multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that parental sense of competence, parental locus of control and family cohesion influenced the probability of inclusion of the mothers in each group. Implications for intervention strategies are discussed.

Este estudio examina el grado y tipo de estrés parental y de estrategias de afrontamiento en una muestra de 109 madres en situación de riesgo con un expediente activo en los Servicios Sociales Comunitarios. Los análisis de conglomerados realizados mostraron tres perfiles diferenciados: Ajustado-Estratégico, Clínico-Evitativo y Extremo-Pasivo. Un análisis de regresión logística multinomial indicó que el sentimiento de competencia parental, el locus de control como progenitor y la cohesión familiar influían en la pertenencia de las madres a cada uno de los grupos. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas de estos resultados de cara a la intervención con estas familias.

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OBJECTIVE: To examine the potential moderating effects of family cohesion and acculturation on the physiological stress response (cortisol) as a predictor of preterm birth (PTB) in pregnant Mexican-American women. METHODS: The sample included 470 participants; 33 had preterm births. All participants were self-identified as Mexican-American. In this cross-sectional study, family cohesion was measured by a self-report questionnaire. Acculturation was measured by self-report questionnaire as well as by years in the United States and country of birth. Stress was measured by serum cortisol. All measures were obtained at 22-24 weeks gestation. Additional data including history of PTB were obtained from the health record. Data analysis was primarily conducted using logistic regression. RESULTS: The relationship between stress and PTB was predicted by family cohesion (estimate/ standard error [E/SE] = -2.46, P = 0.014) and acculturation (E/SE = 2.56, P = 0.011). In addition, there was an interaction between family cohesion and history of previous PTB (E/SE = -2.12, P = 0.035). CONCLUSION: Results indicate that the impact of cortisol on PTB is predicted by acculturation and family cohesion such that higher levels of cortisol in conjunction with higher levels of acculturation and lower levels of family cohesion are associated with increased risk of PTB. In addition, low family cohesion in combination with a history of PTB was associated with higher levels of PTB. Assessment of family cohesion, including problem solving, adherence to family decisions, family shared space, and activity, should be included as part of prenatal assessment for risk of PTB. Subsequently, interventions that focus on improving the individual's response to an imbalance in family functioning are needed. In addition, prenatal assessment of level of acculturation may also identify those who are at risk for PTB.

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Las escalas de evaluación construidas con ítems tipo Likert son hoy instrumentos frecuentemente empleados para la exploración de variables familiares. En el campo de la drogadependencia, el estudio de tales variables resulta de especial relevancia. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar los resultados obtenidos con la Escala de Evaluación de Adaptabilidad y Cohesión Familiar (FACES III; Olson y cols., 1985) en familias de drogadependientes. Se trabajó con 32 familias con un miembro drogadependiente y 32 familias controles. Los datos fueron analizados con pruebas de diferencia entre medias y entre proporciones, análisis de varianza y de correlación. Se observa la capacidad del instrumento para discriminar entre familias de drogadependientes y familias controles, y entre familias de drogadependientes en una primera fase del tratamiento y familias de drogadependientes en una segunda fase del mismo. Se discute la posibilidad de aplicar estos conocimientos al diagnóstico y tratamiento de familias de drogadependientes.

Evaluation scales elaborated with Lykerts items are today frequently used as instruments to explore family variables. In drug dependence´s field, these variables are of special relevance. The purpose of the work, is to present the results obtained with the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES III; Olson y cols., 1985) in drug dependents´ families. We worked with 32 families with a drug dependent member and 32 control families. Data were analyzed with tests of differences between means and proportions, correlacional analysis and one-way ANOVA. The instrument shows its capacity to discriminate between drug dependents families and control families, and drug dependents´ families from the first phase of treatment and drug dependents´ families from the second phase of it. Implications for the work with families with a drug dependent member are examined.

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