RESUMO
The study of animal behavior has been carried out for many years in order to understand physiological and pathological factors, so that work with animals could be developed to evaluate animal well-being. The Arouca Law emerged in Brazil, which regulates the use of animals in teaching and research. To further assist in the development and analysis of changes that can cause pain in animals, researchers developed the Grimace Scale, which shows, through assessment, facial changes in animals, allowing researchers to have ways of controlling the animals' distress. Therefore, this work aimed to show the clinical scores and changes of mice when infected with rabies, SARS-COV-2 and cerebral malaria. We showed that animals infected with the pathogens rabies, SARS-COV-2 and cerebral malaria, mainly present weight loss, muscular and postural changes. Finally, understand the importance of recognizing changes in behavior, enabling the relief of pain and suffering in animals used in research. The premise of animal welfare must always prevail over the study.
O estudo do comportamento animal acontece a muitos anos afim de entender os fatores fisiológicos e patológicos, para que os trabalhos com animais sejam desenvolvidos avaliando o bem estar animal, para tanto surge no Brasil a Lei Arouca que regulamenta a utilização de animais em ensino e pesquisa. Para auxiliar ainda no desenvolvimento e análise das alterações que podem causar dor nos animais os pesquisadores desenvolveram a Escala de Grimace, que mostra por meio de avaliação das alterações faciais dos animais, permitindo que os pesquisadores tenham formas de controlar o distresse dos animais. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo mostrar os escore clínicos e alterações dos camundongos quando infectados com raiva, SARS-COV-2 e Malária cerebral. Evidenciamos que os animais infectados com os patógenos da raiva, SARS-COV-2 e Malária cerebral, apresentam principalmente perda de peso, alteração muscular e postural. Por fim, compreender a importância de reconhecer as alterações de comportamento, possibilitando o alivio da dor e sofrimento dos animais usados em pesquisa. A premissa do bem-estar animal deve sempre prevalecer sobre o estudo.
RESUMO
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi diagnosticar a doença inflamatória intestinal crônica em cães acometidos por sinais gastrointestinais bem como avaliar a contribuição de diferentes parâmetros utilizados no diagnóstico desta afecção. Para tanto, 20 cães apresentando sinais compatíveis com a doença foram incluídos no estudo (grupo afetado) e comparados com 20 animais saudáveis (grupo controle). Foram atribuídos escores clínicos e realizadas avaliações endoscópicas e histopatológicas dos animais do grupo afetado. Amostras de sangue e fezes de ambos os grupos foram coletadas, armazenadas a -80°C e, posteriormente, utilizadas para a mensuração de TNF-alpha, proteína C-reativa, calprotectina, proteína S100A12, Folato e Cobalamina. [...] Embora valores séricos de calprotectina não foram estatisticamente significantes, a mensuração fecal desta proteína foi mostrou diferença significante entre os grupos. Em relação mensuração sanguínea da proteína S100A12, os valores de medianas de ambos os grupos foram próximos (195,90 µg/L e 195,55 µg/L para grupos afetado e controle, respectivamente) e a comparação entre estes valores não foi estatisticamente significante. Esta diferença também não foi significante na comparação dos valores fecais. Mensurações de folato e cobalamina não se mostraram estatisticamente significante na comparação entre animais afetados e sadios. Observaram-se correlações entre valores de proteína C-reativa e escore clínico, proteína C reativa e escore histopatológico do cólon, albumina e calprotectina fecal, albumina e S100A12 fecal, valores séricos de S100A12 e calprotectina, valores fecais de S100A12 e calprotectina
The purpose of this study was to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease in dogs with gastrointestinal signs as well as to evaluate the contribution of different parameters used in the diagnosis of this disease. Twenty dogs with compatible signs of the disease were included in the study (affected group) and compared with 20 healthy animals (control group). Clinical scores were assigned and endoscopic and histopathological analysis were performed in affected animals. Samples of blood and feces were collected from both groups, stored at -80°C and then used to measure TNF-alpha, C-reactive protein, calprotectin, S100A12 protein, folate and cobalamin. [...] Although seric values of calprotectin werent statistically significant, fecal data statistically differed between the groups. Regarding seric protein S100A12 measurement, the median values of both groups were similar (195.90 mg/L and 195.55 mg/L for the affected and control groups, respectively) and the difference between these values was not statistically significant. The comparison between fecal S100A12 protein values didnt showed a significant difference. Folate and cobalamin measurements showed no statistical difference when comparing healthy and affected animals. A direct positive correlation was found between C-reactive protein and clinical score. C-reactive protein and histopathological score of colon, albumin and fecal calprotectin, albumin and fecal protein S100A12, seric protein S100A12 and seric calprotetin and fecal protein S100A12 and fecal calprotectin were correlated
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Doença Crônica , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/diagnóstico , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/veterinária , Endoscopia/veterinária , Intestinos/anatomia & histologia , Intestinos/patologiaRESUMO
Background: : : : Leishmaniosis are anthropozoonosis caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, representing a complex of diseases with significant diversity epidemiological and clinical spectrum and can affect 40% of the canine population. Infected dogs may be asymptomatic or may develop canine leishmaniasis (CL), a severe and progressive disease associated with the appearance of clinical signs. Serological tests are frequently used for screening of dogs, however, these techniques present limitations in terms of reproducibility and specificity. In this way, information on the geographical distribution and prevalence of CL is essential to the implementation of appropriate control measures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine geographical variations in clinical signs and prevalence of Leishmania sp infections from dogs in Fortaleza, Ceara state, Brazil. Material, Methods & Results: Bone marrow samples of 2829 domestic dogs were collected by puncture for parasitological diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis (CL), being considered positive by the presence of Leishmania sp. All dogs were examined and clinical signs were classified as score 0: no clinical signs, score 1: skin lesions, score 2: visceral signs and score 3: skin lesions + visceral signs. Kruskal-Wallis (p
RESUMO
Background: : : : Leishmaniosis are anthropozoonosis caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, representing a complex of diseases with significant diversity epidemiological and clinical spectrum and can affect 40% of the canine population. Infected dogs may be asymptomatic or may develop canine leishmaniasis (CL), a severe and progressive disease associated with the appearance of clinical signs. Serological tests are frequently used for screening of dogs, however, these techniques present limitations in terms of reproducibility and specificity. In this way, information on the geographical distribution and prevalence of CL is essential to the implementation of appropriate control measures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine geographical variations in clinical signs and prevalence of Leishmania sp infections from dogs in Fortaleza, Ceara state, Brazil. Material, Methods & Results: Bone marrow samples of 2829 domestic dogs were collected by puncture for parasitological diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis (CL), being considered positive by the presence of Leishmania sp. All dogs were examined and clinical signs were classified as score 0: no clinical signs, score 1: skin lesions, score 2: visceral signs and score 3: skin lesions + visceral signs. Kruskal-Wallis (p