RESUMO
ABSTRACT Purpose: Only a few trials have compared the intraocular pressure-lowering effects of prostaglandin analogs to carbonic anhydrase inhibitor plus beta-blocker fixed-dose combination therapy in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. Furthermore, the influence of the glaucoma stage on the intraocular pressure-lowering effects of these drug types has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to compare the IOP-lowering efficacy of latanoprost, a prostaglandin analog versus dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor plus beta-blocker fixed-dose combination therapy, in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma based on glaucoma stage. Methods: The data of 32 eyes (32 patients) diagnosed with uniocular pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and treated with topical latanoprost (Group 1) or dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination (Group 2) were retrospectively assessed. The groups were subdivided into early and moderate-advanced stages. Patients' demographics, baseline intraocular pressure, final intraocular pressure, and intraocular pressure difference (the difference between the baseline and final intraocular pressure) were determined from medical records and compared between groups and according to glaucoma stage. Results: The mean drug use duration was 17.7 ± 13.5 months. No significant differences in mean baseline intraocular pressure, mean final intraocular pressure and mean intraocular pressure difference between Groups 1 and 2. In Group 2, the mean intraocular pressure difference was significantly greater in patients with early versus moderate-advanced stage glaucoma (p=0.015). The difference, however, was not detected in Group 1. The mean intraocular pressure difference in early-stage glaucoma was significantly greater in Group 2 versus 1 (p=0.033). Conclusions: Latanoprost and dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination are effective treatments for newly diagnosed pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. In early-stage pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, greater intraocular pressure reduction was noted with dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination than with latanoprost; thus, dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination should be considered when a significant decrease in intraocular pressure is desired in early-stage glaucoma.
RESUMO Objetivo: Estudos limitados examinaram os efeitos de redução de pressão intraocular de análogos de prostaglandina versus inibidor de anidrase carbônica mais terapia de combinação de dose fixa beta-bloqueador em pacientes com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo. Além disso, a influência do estágio de glaucoma nos efeitos de redução da pressão intraocular desses tipos de drogas não foi avaliada. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a eficácia de redução do IOP do latanoprosta, uma combinação fixa análoga de prostaglandina versus dorzolamida/timolol, um inibidor de anidrase carbônica mais terapia de combinação de dose fixa beta-bloqueador, em pacientes com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo de acordo com o estágio de glaucoma. Métodos: Os dados de 32 olhos (32 pacientes) diagnosticados com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo monocular e tratados com latanoprosta tópica (Grupo 1) ou combinação fixa de dorzolamida/timolol (Grupo 2) foram avaliados retrospectivamente. Os grupos foram subdivididos em estágios inicial e moderado-avançado. A demografia dos pacientes, a pressão intraocular da linha de base, a pressão intraocular final e a diferença de pressão intraocular (a diferença entre a pressão intraocular da linha de base e a pressão intraocular final) foram determinadas a partir dos prontuários médicos e comparadas entre os dois grupos e de acordo com o estágio de glaucoma. Resultados: A duração média do uso de drogas foi de 17,7 ± 13,5 meses. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi observada entre os grupos 1 e 2 para a média da pressão intraocularda linha de base, média da pressão intraocular final e média da diferença da pressão intraocular. No Grupo 2, a média da diferença da pressão intraocular foi significativamente maior em pacientes com glaucoma de estágio precoce versus moderado-avançado (p=0,015). No entanto, essa diferença não foi observada no Grupo 1. A média da diferença da pressão intraocular em glaucoma de estágio inicial foi significativamente maior no Grupo 2 versus 1 (p=0,033). Conclusões: Terapias com Latanoprosta e dorzolamida/timolol são tratamentos eficazes para glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo recém-diagnosticado. Observou-se em glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo de estágio inicial, uma maior redução da pressão intraocular com combinação fixa de dorzolamida/timolol do que com latanoprosta; assim, a combinação fixa de dorzolamida/timolol deve ser considerada quando uma diminuição significativa da pressão intraocular é almejada em glaucoma de estágio inicial.
RESUMO
Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del tratamiento combinado con dorzolamida tópica en pacientes con edema quístico macular poscirugía de catarata. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental en pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Vítreo-Retina del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer", en el año 2018. Se definió el grupo de casos (dorzolamida y tratamiento convencional) y el grupo control (tratamiento convencional), los cuales se evaluaron en la consulta inicial y al mes de tratamiento. Resultados: La edad media fue de 60,73 ± 11,25 años. Predominó el sexo femenino (53,33 por ciento), el ojo afectado derecho (60,00 por ciento), el tiempo posquirúrgico ≤ 3 meses (63,33 por ciento), sin factores de riesgo asociados (56,67 por ciento). El edema sin alteraciones asociadas fue más frecuente (80,00 por ciento). La media del grosor macular disminuyó en ambos grupos (de 529,27 ± 183,58 a 349,93 ± 221,35 en los casos y de 498,87 ± 213,26 a 373,53 ± 215,51 en los controles). Resultó mayor la variación en el grupo de casos (179,33 p= 0,008). La agudeza visual aumentó en ambos grupos. Se observó un porcentaje mayor de ojos que mejoraron la visión en el grupo de casos (52,38 por ciento). La mejoría de la agudeza visual se relacionó con la recuperación del grosor macular. Conclusiones: En los casos con edema quístico macular poscirugía de catarata, en los que está indicado el tratamiento tópico con antinflamatorios, la combinación con dorzolamida resulta efectiva para la reducción del grosor macular y la mejoría de la agudeza visual corregida(AU)
ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment combined with topical dorzolamide in patients with cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery. Methods: An experimental study was conducted of patients attending the Vitreous-Retina Service at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology in the year 2018. The sample was divided into a case group (dorzolamide and conventional treatment) and a control group (conventional treatment), and evaluated at the initial consultation and after one month of treatment. Results: Mean age was 60.73 ± 11.25 years. A predominance was found of the female sex (53.33 percent), affected right eye (60.00 percent), postsurgical time ≤ 3 months (63.33 percent), and no associated risk factors (56.67 percent). Edema without associated alterations was more common (80.00 percent). Mean macular thickness decreased in both groups (from 529.27 ± 183.58 to 349.93 ± 221.35 in cases and from 498.87 ± 213.26 to 373.53 ± 215.51 in controls). Variation was greater in the case group (179.33 p= 0.008). Visual acuity increased in both groups. A higher percentage of eyes with improved vision was found in the case group (52.38 percent). Visual acuity improvement was related to macular thickness recovery. Conclusions: In cases of cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery with indication of topical treatment with anti-inflammatories, the combination with dorzolamide is effective to reduce macular thickness and improve corrected visual acuity(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Extração de Catarata/métodos , Edema Macular/epidemiologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
El edema quístico macular es, actualmente, una de las complicaciones posoperatorias más prevalentes después de la cirugía de cataratas. En no pocos casos acarrea una disminución en la agudeza visual posquirúrgica de los pacientes. Por la heterogeneidad de criterios diagnósticos, su incidencia ha sido reportada entre el 1 y el 30 por ciento. Con el objetivo de mostrar los resultados del uso de la dorzolamida en el edema quístico macular poscirugía de catarata se realizó la presente revisión de la literatura, mediante búsquedas en diferentes publicaciones relacionadas con la especialidad, en la que fueron utilizadas bases de datos de revistas líderes de Oftalmología de los últimos 10 años. Como la complicación posoperatoria más frecuente de la cirugía de catarata, puede traducirse con pérdida de la visión posoperatoria y cobra importancia el abordaje de aspectos relacionados con el tratamiento, específicamente los resultados de investigaciones que promueven en la actualidad el uso de inhibidores de la anhidrasa carbónica tópicos. En tal sentido, se muestra que la dorzolamida ha cobrado importancia como una opción de tratamiento, con resultados tangibles y pocos efectos adversos en comparación con el empleo sistémico de este grupo de medicamentos(AU)
Macular cystic edema is one of the most prevalent postoperative complications after cataract surgery, leading in many cases to a decrease of postsurgical visual acuity in the patients. Due to the heterogeneity of diagnostic criteria, its incidence has been reported between 1 percent and 30 percent. With the objetive to show the results of the use of dorzolamide in the macular cystic edema after cataract surgery, we was carried out through searches in different publications related to the specialty, using data from leading ophthalmology journals, from the last 10 years. As the most frequent postoperative complication of cataract surgery, that can be translated with loss of postoperative vision, it is important to address aspects related to treatment and specifically the results of research that currently promote the use of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. In this regard, dorzolamide has become important as a treatment option, with tangible results and few adverse effects compared with the systemic use of this group of drugs(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto , Edema Macular/tratamento farmacológico , Bases de Dados Bibliográficas/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Focal photocoagulation interrupts vascular leakage in diabetic macular edema, and allows the retinal pigment epithelium to withdraw fluid that thickens the retina; this mechanism could be enhanced by dorzolamida, a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of dorzolamida compared against placebo, in reducing retinal thickness after focal photocoagulation, in eyes with diabetic macular oedema. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Experimental, comparative, prospective, longitudinal, double blind study in diabetics with focal macular oedema treated with photocoagulation. Treated eyes were randomly assigned three weeks after the procedure to receive dorzolamide (group 1) or placebo (group 2), three times daily during three weeks. Means of visual acuity, center point thickness and macular volume were compared 3 and 6 weeks after photocoagulation within groups (Wilcoxon's t) and between groups (Mann-Whitneys's U). RESULTS: Sixty-nine eyes form patients aged 58.3 ± 8.3 years; 37 were assigned to group 1 and 42 to group 2. Mean center point thickness changed from 178.4 ± 34µm to 170 ± 29.1µm in group 1 (p = 0.04), and from 179.2 ± 22.4µm to 178.6 ± 20.8µm in group 2 (p = 0.7); mean macular volume changed from 7.63 ± 0.52mm(3) to 7.50 ± 0.50mm(3) in group 1 (p = 0.02) and from 7.82 ± 0.43mm(3) to 7.76 ± 0.42mm(3) in group 2 (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of dorzolamide was higher than that of placebo, to reduce retinal thickness after focal photocoagulation in diabetics with macular oedema.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Anidrase Carbônica/uso terapêutico , Retinopatia Diabética/cirurgia , Fotocoagulação , Edema Macular/cirurgia , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Retina/efeitos dos fármacos , Sulfonamidas/uso terapêutico , Tiofenos/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Antropometria , Humor Aquoso/metabolismo , Transporte Biológico , Inibidores da Anidrase Carbônica/farmacologia , Terapia Combinada , Retinopatia Diabética/patologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação , Pressão Intraocular , Fotocoagulação/efeitos adversos , Edema Macular/tratamento farmacológico , Edema Macular/metabolismo , Edema Macular/patologia , Masculino , Microcirculação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Álcool de Polivinil/uso terapêutico , Retina/patologia , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/efeitos dos fármacos , Epitélio Pigmentado da Retina/fisiopatologia , Vasos Retinianos/metabolismo , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Tiofenos/farmacologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Acuidade VisualRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the long-term response to the fixed combination of dorzolamide/timolol in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and the addition of other intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medications such as prostaglandin analogs and brimonidine. METHODS: A retrospective, non-randomized, and descriptive clinical study was performed with 182 eyes diagnosed with POAG. Patients were divided into three groups: a group with fixed combination of dorzolamide/timolol only, a second group with prostaglandin analogs plus fixed combination of dorzolamide/timolol, and a third group with the addition of brimonidine to the same fixed combination. IOP data were gathered retrospectively and the differences between groups were calculated. RESULTS: IOP was reduced satisfactorily in all three groups; however, a progressive IOP reduction was noted in the group with the fixed combination plus prostaglandin analogs. In this group, a progressive, significant and more homogeneous response of the reduction was noted in comparison with the other groups. CONCLUSION: IOP reduction was efficacious in all three groups. The addition of prostaglandin analogs showed progressive IOP reduction, progressive response and absence of long-term drift. Brimonidine did not show a significant additive effect.
RESUMO
OBJETIVO: desarrollar una solución oftálmica de dorzolamida 2 % más timolol 0,5 % que cumpla con todos los requerimientos de calidad para proporcionar el efecto terapéutico deseado sin efectos adversos al paciente. MÉTODOS: se prepararon tres ensayos preliminares en los que se utilizaron clorhidrato de dorzolamida y maleato de timolol, una solución tampón que consistió en ácido cítrico monohidratado/citrato trisódico dihidratado, cuyo pH estuviese en el rango de 5 y 6, cloruro de benzalconio, y HPMC F4M (hidroxipropilmetilcelulosa) al 10 %. Se usaron estos componentes en sustitución de los recomendados en la literatura. Se estudió la estabilidad química y física de la formulación durante 3 meses en cuanto a las características organolépticas, concentración del ingrediente activo, el pH, así como las propiedades fluidimétricas, irritabilidad oftálmica y efectividad del preservo. Con la formulación de estudio se desarrolló y se validó la técnica analítica en el Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos. Se determinó la linealidad, precisión, especificidad y exactitud de método. Se elaboraron tres lotes pilotos de 5 L cada uno. Se utilizó como material de envase frascos plásticos de polietileno de baja densidad con Master Batch de 5 mL de capacidad. RESULTADOS: los ingredientes activos, clorhidrato de dorzolamida y maleato de timolol, y los excipientes de calidad farmacéutica y el material de envase utilizado cumplieron con las especificaciones de calidad informados en la USP 33. Los análisis fisicoquímicos realizados a los tres lotes del escalado piloto e industrial cumplieron con las especificaciones de calidad de la técnica analítica desarrollada por el Departamento de Estabilidad del Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos y con los análisis microbiológicos informados en la USP 33. CONCLUSIONES: los resultados obtenidos permiten la introducción industrial y sustituir la importación del referido medicamento.
OBJECTIVE: to develop a 2 % dorzolamide plus 0.5 % timolol eye drop solution with all the quality requirements to provide adequate therapeutic effect without adverse reactions for the patients. METHODS: three preliminary trials were prepared with dorzolamide chlorhydrate and timolol maleate, a buffer solution based on monohydrated citric acid/dehydrated trisodic citrate with pH range 5-6, benzalkonium chloride and 10 % HPMC F4M (hydroxypropilmetylcellulose). These components replaced those recommended in the literature review. The chemical and physical stability of this formulation was studied for three months in terms of organoleptic characteristics, active ingredient concentration, pH, fluidmetric properties, eye irritability and effectiveness of preserver. The study formulation allowed developing and validating the analytical technique of the Center for the Drug Research and Development. Linearity, precision, specificity and accuracy of the method were determined. Three 5 L pilot batches were prepared. Master Batch 5 mL low-density polyethylene plastic bottles were used for packing. RESULTS: active ingredients, dorzolamide chlorhydrate and timolol maleate, the pharmaceutical quality excipients and the packing material met the quality specifications according to USP 33. The physical and chemical analysis of the three batches at pilot and industrial scales met the quality specifications of the analytical technique devised by the Department of Stability of the Center for Drug Research and Development and the microbiological analysis reported in USP 33. CONCLUSIONS: the achieved results allowed introducing the formulation at industrial scale and replacing the imported drug.
Assuntos
Humanos , Soluções Oftálmicas/uso terapêutico , Reologia/métodos , Timolol/uso terapêutico , Estabilidade de MedicamentosRESUMO
Objetivo: desarrollar y validar un método analítico por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución, aplicable al control de la calidad y estudio de estabilidad de dorzolamida 2 % y timolol 0,5 % en el colirio. Métodos: para cuantificar simultáneamente los dos principios activos en el producto terminado, la separación se realizó a través de una columna cromatográfica Luna RP-18 (5 µm) (250 x 4 mm), con un detector de arreglo de fotodiodos a 254 y 295 nm, empleando un gradiente con fase móvil A compuesta por acetonitrilo: buffer fosfato pH 2,5: metanol (5:85:10) y fase móvil B: metanol, y la cuantificación de este frente a una muestra de referencia con el método del estándar externo. Resultados: en el estudio de linealidad, los coeficientes de correlación y de determinación obtenidos estuvieron por encima de 0,99 y 0,98 respectivamente. Los porcentajes de recobrado fueron de 99,57 para la dorzolamida y 99,93 para el timolol, con un coeficiente de variación para ambos principios activos inferior al 2 %. En el estudio de repetibilidad realizado, las medias obtenidas fueron de 99,1 % para la dorzolamida y 100,4 % para el timolol, y los coeficientes de variación se encontraron dentro de los límites. En el estudio de precisión intermedia, los valores de p resultaron ser mayores que 0,05, para cada uno de los niveles estudiados Conclusiones: el método analítico desarrollado resulta lineal, preciso, específico y exacto en el rango de concentraciones estudiadas, el cual se establece para el control de la calidad y el estudio de estabilidad del producto terminado ya que no existen métodos analíticos informados para estos fines.
Objective: to develop and validate an analytical high-performance liquid chromatography method applicable to quality control and to stability study of 2 % Dorzolamide plus 0.5 % Timolol eye drops. Methods: to simultaneously quantify both active principles in the finished product, separation was made through a Luna RP-18 (5 µm) (250 x 4 mm) column chromatography, with photodiode array detector at 254 nm an 295nm using a gradient with mobile phase A composed of acetonitrile: phosphate buffer pH 2.5: methanol (5:85:10) and mobile phase B: methanol and the quantification of this front to a reference sample using the external standard method. Results: in the linearity study, the correlation and determination coefficients were above 0.99 and 0.98 respectively. The percentages of having recovered were 99.57 for Dorzolamide and 99.93 for Timolol, with a variation coefficient for both active principles under 2 %. In the repeatability study, the means were 99.1 for Dorzolamide and 100.4 % for Timolol and the variation coefficients were within the set limits. In the study of intermediate precision, p values were higher than 0.05 for each of the studied levels. Conclusions: the developed analytical method was linear, precise, specific and accurate in the range of study concentrations; it is established for the quality control and stability study of the finished product since there were not analytical methods designed for these aims.
Assuntos
Humanos , Timolol/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Referência , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Estudo de ValidaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess ocular discomfort upon instillation and patient preference for brinzolamide/timolol relative to dorzolamide/timolol, in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. METHODS: This was a multicenter, prospective, patient-masked, randomized, crossover study. On day 0, patients received one drop of brinzolamide/timolol in one eye and one drop of dorzolamide/timolol in the contralateral eye. On day 1, patients were randomly assigned to receive one drop of either brinzolamide/timolol or dorzolamide/timolol in both eyes; on day 2, patients received one drop of the alternate treatment in both eyes. Measures included a patient preference question on day 2 (primary) and mean ocular discomfort scale scores on days 1 and 2 (secondary). Safety assessments included adverse events, visual acuity, and slit-lamp examinations. RESULTS: Of 120 patients who enrolled, 115 completed the study. Of these, 112 patients instilled both medications and expressed a study medication preference on day 2. A significantly greater percentage preferred brinzolamide/timolol to dorzolamide/timolol (67.0% versus 30.4%; P < 0.001). The ocular discomfort (expressed as mean [standard deviation]) with brinzolamide/timolol was significantly lower than with dorzolamide/timolol (day 2:1.9 [2.3] versus 3.7 [2.8], respectively [P = 0.0003]; both days combined: 2.1 [2.5] versus 3.5 [2.9], respectively [P = 0.00014]). On day 1, five patients receiving brinzolamide/timolol reported five nonserious adverse events (AEs): flu (n = 1), bitter taste (n = 2), and headache (n = 2). Four events, bitter taste (two events) and headache (two events), were considered related to brinzolamide/timolol. Events were mild in intensity, except bitter taste of moderate intensity reported by one patient. No AEs were reported at day 2. All AEs resolved without additional treatment. No clinically relevant changes from baseline were observed in best-corrected visual acuity or slit-lamp examinations of ocular signs. CONCLUSION: Patients had less discomfort with brinzolamide/timolol than with dorzolamide/timolol, and more expressed a preference for brinzolamide/timolol. Both treatments were generally safe and well tolerated.
RESUMO
El desarrollo de una solución oftálmica de dorzolamida al 2 por ciento para el tratamiento de pacientes con hipertensión ocular: glaucoma de ángulo abierto, glaucoma seudoexfoliativo y otros glaucomas secundarios de ángulo abierto, se inició con el estudio de los componentes de la formulación sustituyendo algunos excipientes en el medicamento de los declarados en la literatura revisada, y se estudiaron las propiedades físicas, químicas, biológicas, microbiológicas y reológicas durante los estudios de preformulación. Se desarrolló una técnica analítica para el producto terminado. Se elaboraron 3 lotes de la formulación y se almacenaron en frascos plásticos de polietileno de baja densidad con Master Batch de 5 mL de capacidad, producidos in situ por una llenadora Bottle Pack, los cuales para el estudio de la estabilidad de la dorzolamida, se expusieron durante 24 meses a temperatura ambiente 30 ± 2 °C y 6 meses a temperatura acelerada de 40 ± 2 ºC con 75 por ciento de humedad relativa, según los requerimientos establecidos por el Centro Estatal para el Control de Medicamentos. Al inicio y final del estudio microbiológico se comprobó la esterilidad en cada uno de los lotes; se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios. El medicamento al cumplir con todos los parámetros de calidad descritos está registrado en el órgano regulador cubano para ser utilizado con seguridad en el tratamiento de las enfermedades al cual está destinado. Este medicamento está siendo producido a nivel industrial y comercializado.
The development of a 2 percent dorzolamide eye solution to treat patients with ocular hypertension, having open angle glaucoma, pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and other secondary open-angle glaucoma began with the study of the formulation components by replacing some excipients stated in the reviewed literature, and the physical, chemical, biological, microbiological and rheological properties were analyzed during the pre-formulation studies. An analytical technique was devised for the finished product. Three batches of formulation were prepared and then stored in low density polyethylene flasks with Master Batch of 5 ml capacity, manufactured in situ by the Bottle Pack filler. These reservoirs were exposed at 30 ± 2 °C room temperature for 24 months and at 40 ± 2 ºC accelerated temperature for 6 months and relative humidity of 75 percent, according to the requirements set by the State Center for Drug Control. At the beginning and at the end of the microbiological study, there was proved the sterility of each batch, the achieved results were satisfactory. After complying with all described quality parameters, the drug was registered in the Cuban regulatory body for its safe use in the treatment of the above-mentioned diseases. This drug is being manufactured at industrial level and thus marketed.
RESUMO
Nas cirurgias de cataratas de cães, uma das dificuldades é discernir qual fármaco deve ser utilizadono controle da pressão intra-ocular. Sete cães, portadores de catarata foram submetidos à facectomiaextracapsular e a administração de colírio de dorzolamida no olho direito e maleato de timolol no olhoesquerdo. A pressão intra-ocular foi mensurada com o tonômetro Tono-pen® XL em períodos pósoperatórios.Notou-se que em animais portadores de catarata submetidos à facectomia extracapsular ouso de maleato de timolol ou dorzolamida mantém no pós-operatório a PIO nos valores fisiológicos.
In dogs cataracts surgery one of the difficulties is to discern what drug should be used to controlthe intra-ocular pressure. Seven dogs with cataract were undergone to extracapsular facectomy andreceived dorzolamide eyewash in the right eye and timolol maletat in the left eye. The intra-ocularpressure was measured with tonômetroTono-pen®XL in period of post-surgery. The results obtainedshow that in patients with cataracts undergone to extracapsular facectomy the use of timolol maleator dorzolamide keeps PIO to physiologic values.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Catarata/veterinária , FarmacologiaRESUMO
Nas cirurgias de cataratas de cães, uma das dificuldades é discernir qual fármaco deve ser utilizadono controle da pressão intra-ocular. Sete cães, portadores de catarata foram submetidos à facectomiaextracapsular e a administração de colírio de dorzolamida no olho direito e maleato de timolol no olhoesquerdo. A pressão intra-ocular foi mensurada com o tonômetro Tono-pen® XL em períodos pósoperatórios.Notou-se que em animais portadores de catarata submetidos à facectomia extracapsular ouso de maleato de timolol ou dorzolamida mantém no pós-operatório a PIO nos valores fisiológicos.(AU)
In dogs cataracts surgery one of the difficulties is to discern what drug should be used to controlthe intra-ocular pressure. Seven dogs with cataract were undergone to extracapsular facectomy andreceived dorzolamide eyewash in the right eye and timolol maletat in the left eye. The intra-ocularpressure was measured with tonômetroTono-pen®XL in period of post-surgery. The results obtainedshow that in patients with cataracts undergone to extracapsular facectomy the use of timolol maleator dorzolamide keeps PIO to physiologic values.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Catarata/veterinária , FarmacologiaRESUMO
Avaliaram-se efeitos da dorzolamida do timolol e da combinação de ambos sobre pressão intra-ocular (PIO) de cães normais, além de alterações no olho contralateral, não-tratado. Foram utilizados 60 cães sadios, distribuídos em três grupos (G) de 20 animais. No primeiro grupo (GT), foi avaliada a ação do maleato de timolol 0,5 por cento na PIO; no segundo (GD), a ação do cloridrato de dorzolamida 2 por cento; e, no terceiro (GTD), o efeito da associação fixa timolol/dorzolamida. A PIO foi aferida utilizando-se tonômetro de aplanação (Tonopen®), uma hora antes e uma, duas, quatro, seis e oito horas após a instilação do colírio em análise no olho esquerdo. O efeito da associação timolol/dorzolamida foi mais intenso (27 por cento) que os efeitos do timolol (21,9 por cento) e da dorzolamida (22,4 por cento) na redução da PIO. No olho contralateral, verificou-se redução de 7 por cento no GT, 13,8 por cento no GD e 13,6 por cento no GTD, após quatro e duas horas da administração.(AU)
The efficacy of timolol maleate, dorzolamide hydrochloride and the association of both drugs on intraocular pressure (IOP) of healthy dogs was evaluated. Sixty adult dogs were randomly and equally assigned to three groups (n= 20 per group). Each group received topical treatment in the left eye with timolol maleate 0.5 percent, dorzolamide hydrochloride 2 percent or the association of both drugs. IOP measurements were made using aplanation tonometry (Tono-pen®) and they were performed one hour before (baseline) and at one, two, four, six and eight hours after treatment. Similar measurements were also performed in the right eye. In the treated eye, there was a higher reduction in IOP in animals that received the drugs association, 27 percent of maximum decrease from baseline as compared to timolol (decrease of 21.9 percent) and dorzolamide (decrease of 22.4 percent). In the non-treated eye, IOP decreased over time, with a maximum decrease from baseline of 7.0 percent, 13.8 percent and 13.6 percent in the timolol, dorzolamide e timolol/dorzolamide treatments, respectively.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Pressão Intraocular , Timolol/farmacologia , Timolol/uso terapêutico , Glaucoma/prevenção & controle , Glaucoma/veterinária , Combinação de MedicamentosRESUMO
Avaliaram-se efeitos da dorzolamida do timolol e da combinação de ambos sobre pressão intra-ocular (PIO) de cães normais, além de alterações no olho contralateral, não-tratado. Foram utilizados 60 cães sadios, distribuídos em três grupos (G) de 20 animais. No primeiro grupo (GT), foi avaliada a ação do maleato de timolol 0,5 por cento na PIO; no segundo (GD), a ação do cloridrato de dorzolamida 2 por cento; e, no terceiro (GTD), o efeito da associação fixa timolol/dorzolamida. A PIO foi aferida utilizando-se tonômetro de aplanação (Tonopen®), uma hora antes e uma, duas, quatro, seis e oito horas após a instilação do colírio em análise no olho esquerdo. O efeito da associação timolol/dorzolamida foi mais intenso (27 por cento) que os efeitos do timolol (21,9 por cento) e da dorzolamida (22,4 por cento) na redução da PIO. No olho contralateral, verificou-se redução de 7 por cento no GT, 13,8 por cento no GD e 13,6 por cento no GTD, após quatro e duas horas da administração.
The efficacy of timolol maleate, dorzolamide hydrochloride and the association of both drugs on intraocular pressure (IOP) of healthy dogs was evaluated. Sixty adult dogs were randomly and equally assigned to three groups (n= 20 per group). Each group received topical treatment in the left eye with timolol maleate 0.5 percent, dorzolamide hydrochloride 2 percent or the association of both drugs. IOP measurements were made using aplanation tonometry (Tono-pen®) and they were performed one hour before (baseline) and at one, two, four, six and eight hours after treatment. Similar measurements were also performed in the right eye. In the treated eye, there was a higher reduction in IOP in animals that received the drugs association, 27 percent of maximum decrease from baseline as compared to timolol (decrease of 21.9 percent) and dorzolamide (decrease of 22.4 percent). In the non-treated eye, IOP decreased over time, with a maximum decrease from baseline of 7.0 percent, 13.8 percent and 13.6 percent in the timolol, dorzolamide e timolol/dorzolamide treatments, respectively.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Glaucoma/prevenção & controle , Glaucoma/veterinária , Pressão Intraocular , Timolol/farmacologia , Timolol/uso terapêutico , Combinação de MedicamentosRESUMO
Foram utilizados quarenta cães sem raça definida, separados em grupos controle e tratado. No olho esquerdo dos animais do grupo controle fora instilado uma gota de solução fisiológica 0,9%, enquanto que no grupo tratado fora instilado o colírio de cloridrato de dorzolamida a 2%. As aferições da Pressão Intra-Ocular (PIO) foram realizadas em ambos os olhos de cada animal, uma hora antes do início da experimentação e nos momentos 1, 2, 4, 6 e 8 horas,após instilação dos colírios. A análise dos resultados demonstrou que a PIO, em ambos os olhos, nos diferentes momentos de avaliação, não diferiu significativamente (P>0,05) para o grupo controle, enquanto que parao grupo tratado, observou-se uma redução da PIO em função do tempo, sendo que às oito horas constatou-se o retorno ao valor inicial, apenas no olho contralateral. Houve redução da PIO de 33,1 % no olho esquerdo e 20,4%no olho direito dos machos e 24,8% no olho esquerdo e 13,2% no olho direito das fêmeas, atingindo uma redução máxima,em torno de 4 horas após instilação. Nos momentos de 1 e 2 horas após o tratamento, essa queda foisignificativamente maior nos machos, enquanto que, no olho contralateral esse efeito ocorreu somente às 2 horas. A dorzolamida a 2% tem ação efetiva na redução da PIO de cães sem raça definida(AU)
Forty mongrel dogs were used separated into control and treated groups. Regarding the control group, a 0,9% saline solution was instilled in the left eyes, whereas in the treated group, a single drop of 2% dorzolamide was instilled. Intraocular pressure (IOP) meosurements were performed in both eyes of each animal, one hour before the beginning of the experiment and in 1,2,4,6 and 8 hours moment, after the single drop instillation. The results showed that IOPdid not have significant differences (P > 0,05) in neither of the eyes during all the evaluation periods in the control group. In the treated group, a progressive reduction in IOP was observed and pressure returned to its inicial value after 8 hours of instilation, only in the counterlateral eye. There was a 33,1% IOP reduction in the left eye and 20,4% in the right eye in male dogs and 24,8% in the left and 13,2% in the right eye in female dogs, reaching a maximumreduction after 4 hours of instillation. After 1 and 2 hours of observation, such reduction was significantly greater in males, while this effect was observed only after 2 hours of instilation in the counterlateral eye. The 2% dorzolamideis effective in reducing IOP of mongrel dogs(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Pressão Intraocular , Glaucoma/tratamento farmacológico , Glaucoma/veterinária , Hipertensão Ocular/diagnóstico , Hipertensão Ocular/veterináriaRESUMO
Foram utilizados quarenta cães sem raça definida, separados em grupos controle e tratado. No olho esquerdo dos animais do grupo controle fora instilado uma gota de solução fisiológica 0,9%, enquanto que no grupo tratado fora instilado o colírio de cloridrato de dorzolamida a 2%. As aferições da Pressão Intra-Ocular (PIO) foram realizadas em ambos os olhos de cada animal, uma hora antes do início da experimentação e nos momentos 1, 2, 4, 6 e 8 horas,após instilação dos colírios. A análise dos resultados demonstrou que a PIO, em ambos os olhos, nos diferentes momentos de avaliação, não diferiu significativamente (P>0,05) para o grupo controle, enquanto que parao grupo tratado, observou-se uma redução da PIO em função do tempo, sendo que às oito horas constatou-se o retorno ao valor inicial, apenas no olho contralateral. Houve redução da PIO de 33,1 % no olho esquerdo e 20,4%no olho direito dos machos e 24,8% no olho esquerdo e 13,2% no olho direito das fêmeas, atingindo uma redução máxima,em torno de 4 horas após instilação. Nos momentos de 1 e 2 horas após o tratamento, essa queda foisignificativamente maior nos machos, enquanto que, no olho contralateral esse efeito ocorreu somente às 2 horas. A dorzolamida a 2% tem ação efetiva na redução da PIO de cães sem raça definida
Forty mongrel dogs were used separated into control and treated groups. Regarding the control group, a 0,9% saline solution was instilled in the left eyes, whereas in the treated group, a single drop of 2% dorzolamide was instilled. Intraocular pressure (IOP) meosurements were performed in both eyes of each animal, one hour before the beginning of the experiment and in 1,2,4,6 and 8 hours moment, after the single drop instillation. The results showed that IOPdid not have significant differences (P > 0,05) in neither of the eyes during all the evaluation periods in the control group. In the treated group, a progressive reduction in IOP was observed and pressure returned to its inicial value after 8 hours of instilation, only in the counterlateral eye. There was a 33,1% IOP reduction in the left eye and 20,4% in the right eye in male dogs and 24,8% in the left and 13,2% in the right eye in female dogs, reaching a maximumreduction after 4 hours of instillation. After 1 and 2 hours of observation, such reduction was significantly greater in males, while this effect was observed only after 2 hours of instilation in the counterlateral eye. The 2% dorzolamideis effective in reducing IOP of mongrel dogs