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BACKGROUND: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a boost in the digital transformation of the human society, where wearable devices such as a smartwatch can already measure vital signs in a continuous and naturalistic way; however, the security and privacy of personal data is a challenge to expanding the use of these data by health professionals in clinical follow-up for decision-making. Similar to the European General Data Protection Regulation, in Brazil, the Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados established rules and guidelines for the processing of personal data, including those used for patient care, such as those captured by smartwatches. Thus, in any telemonitoring scenario, there is a need to comply with rules and regulations, making this issue a challenge to overcome. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to build a digital solution model for capturing data from wearable devices and making them available in a safe and agile manner for clinical and research use, following current laws. METHODS: A functional model was built following the Brazilian Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (2018), where data captured by smartwatches can be transmitted anonymously over the Internet of Things and be identified later within the hospital. A total of 80 volunteers were selected for a 24-week follow-up clinical trial divided into 2 groups, one group with a previous diagnosis of COVID-19 and a control group without a previous diagnosis of COVID-19, to measure the synchronization rate of the platform with the devices and the accuracy and precision of the smartwatch in out-of-hospital conditions to simulate remote monitoring at home. RESULTS: In a 35-week clinical trial, >11.2 million records were collected with no system downtime; 66% of continuous beats per minute were synchronized within 24 hours (79% within 2 days and 91% within a week). In the limit of agreement analysis, the mean differences in oxygen saturation, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate were -1.280% (SD 5.679%), -1.399 (SD 19.112) mm Hg, -1.536 (SD 24.244) mm Hg, and 0.566 (SD 3.114) beats per minute, respectively. Furthermore, there was no difference in the 2 study groups in terms of data analysis (neither using the smartwatch nor the gold-standard devices), but it is worth mentioning that all volunteers in the COVID-19 group were already cured of the infection and were highly functional in their daily work life. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the results obtained, considering the validation conditions of accuracy and precision and simulating an extrahospital use environment, the functional model built in this study is capable of capturing data from the smartwatch and anonymously providing it to health care services, where they can be treated according to the legislation and be used to support clinical decisions during remote monitoring.
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Resumo O isolamento social provocado pela pandemia do covid-19 acelerou um processo que já estava em curso: a plataformização da economia. Uma das aplicações presentes nesse processo foi a distribuição de comida por motoboys, ocasionando uma transformação radical das condições de trabalho, que necessita ser investigada. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi discutir essas condições e os riscos que representam para a saúde do trabalhador. 14 entregadores de alimentos foram entrevistados, suas falas foram gravadas e transcritas para análise temática, obtendo dois principais resultados: a precarização das condições de trabalho e a vulneração da saúde. A plataforma promete independência e autonomia quanto ao trabalho, mas, ao mesmo tempo, cria insegurança, não garantindo nenhuma proteção trabalhista nem subsistência financeira estável, por não assegurar os meios para o trabalho. Por outro lado, essa precarização do trabalho produz riscos para a saúde. Essa situação demanda uma discussão sobre o amparo legal dos direitos e a proteção da saúde desses trabalhadores.
Abstract The social distancing brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic sped up a process that was already underway: the emergence of the platform economy. One of the applications present in this process was for the delivery of food by motorbike couriers, causing a radical transformation of working conditions that requires investigation. The objective of this study was to discuss those conditions and the risks that they pose to the health of workers. A group of 14 food delivery couriers were interviewed and their statements were recorded and transcribed for thematic analysis, resulting in two main findings: precarious employment conditions and health vulnerabilities. The platform promises independence and autonomy regarding work, but at the same time creates insecurity, failing to ensure work protection or financial stability, as it does not guarantee working conditions. On the other hand, such precarious work generates health risks. This situation requires a discussion on the legal protection of the labor rights and health protection of these workers.
Assuntos
Direito ao Trabalho/legislação & jurisprudência , COVID-19RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Monitoring vital signs such as oximetry, blood pressure, and heart rate is important to follow the evolution of patients. Smartwatches are a revolution in medicine allowing the collection of such data in a continuous and organic way. However, it is still a challenge to make this information available to health care professionals to make decisions during clinical follow-up. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to build a digital solution that displays vital sign data from smartwatches, collected remotely, continuously, reliably, and from multiple users, with trigger warnings when abnormal results are identified. METHODS: This is a single-center prospective study following the guidelines "Evaluating digital health products" from the UK Health Security Agency. A digital platform with 3 different applications was created to capture and display data from the mobile phones of volunteers with smartwatches. We selected 80 volunteers who were followed for 24 weeks each, and the synchronization interval between the smartwatch and digital solution was recorded for each vital sign collected. RESULTS: In 14 weeks of project progress, we managed to recruit 80 volunteers, with 68 already registered in the digital solution. More than 2.8 million records have already been collected, without system downtime. Less than 5% of continuous heart rate measurements (bpm) were synchronized within 2 hours. However, approximately 70% were synchronized in less than 24 hours, and 90% were synchronized in less than 119 hours. CONCLUSIONS: The digital solution is working properly in its role of displaying data collected from smartwatches. Vital sign values are being monitored by the research team as part of the monitoring of volunteers. Although the digital solution proved unsuitable for monitoring urgent events, it is more than suitable for use in outpatient clinical use. This digital solution, which is based on cloud technology, can be applied in the future for telemonitoring in regions lacking health care professionals. Accuracy and reliability studies still need to be performed at the end of the 24-week follow-up.
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Resumo: Sob a justificativa de que são necessárias ao isolamento social nem à preservação da saúde pública, as plataformas digitais nestes tempos de pandemia de covid-19 se tornaram parte do cotidiano profissional de diversas áreas do trabalho, incluindo a da educação. A era informacional da Indústria 4.0 se intensificou abruptamente à vida universitária. Examinamos alguns dos nefastos impactos do Ensino Emergencial Remoto para a docência em Serviço Social: que formação para qual projeto societário? Somos todes youtubers?
Abstract: Under the justification that they are necessary for social isolation and the preservation of public health, digital platforms in these times of the covid-19 pandemic have become part of the professional routine in various areas of work, including education. The information age of Industry 4.0 abruptly intensified into university life. We examine some of the disastrous impacts of Remote Emergency Education on Social Work teaching: which training for which society project? Are we all youtubers?
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Los cursos de anatomía constituyen un componente esencial del currículo de medicina, aportando las bases morfológicas para el examen clínico, la interpretación de imágenes médicas y la práctica segura de intervenciones quirúrgicas y procedimientos. Recientemente, la tecnología de impresión 3D ha permitido generar réplicas de disecciones de segmentos corporales a escala real que se utilizan como recursos docentes para el estudio de la anatomía humana, generando así modelos docentes de alta verosimilitud que sirven como alternativa al uso de preparaciones cadavéricas para la docencia anatómica. En este trabajo presentamos los resultados obtenidos al utilizar nuestro kit KAN3D que incluye réplicas físicas de secciones transversales del tronco y de las extremidades y una plataforma que aloja los modelos digitales debidamente rotulados, producto financiado con el proyecto FONDEF IT16I10073. La aplicación de estos productos en docencia señalan que las réplicas de secciones transversales de segmentos corporales presentan una alta verosimilitud en términos de forma, color, topografía y texturas, características que las validan como un excelente recurso docente para la docencia y el aprendizaje de la anatomía seccional humana. El kit KAN3D pone a disposición de los estudiantes de las carreras de la salud recursos de alta verosimilitud, disponibles a libre demanda, que les permita reproducir la experiencia de la actividad práctica de Morfología en el momento y lugar en que ellos se encuentren dispuestos, superando así las limitaciones de acceso a los pabellones de Anatomía y a material cadavérico de calidad.
Anatomy courses constitute an essential component of the medical curriculum, providing the morphological basis for the clinical examination, the interpretation of medical images and the safe practice of surgical interventions and procedures. Recently, 3D printing technology has allowed to generate replicas of dissections of body segments on a real scale that are used as teaching resources for the study of human anatomy, thus generating high-likelihood teaching models that serve as an alternative to the use of cadaveric preparations for Anatomical teaching. In this paper we present the results obtained by using our KAN3D kit that includes physical replicas of cross sections of the trunk and extremities and a platform that houses properly labeled digital models, a product financed with the FONDEF IT16I10073 project. The application of these products in teaching indicate that replicas of cross sections of body segments have a high likelihood in terms of shape, color, topography and textures, characteristics that validate them as an excellent teaching resource for teaching and learning the human sectional anatomy. The KAN3D kit makes available to students of health careers a high-likelihood resources, accesible on demand, that allows them to reproduce the experience of the practical activity of Morphology at the time and place where they are willing, exceeding thus the limitations of access to the Anatomy pavilions and quality cadaveric material.
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Humanos , Software , Anatomia Transversal/educação , Educação Médica/métodos , Impressão Tridimensional , Anatomia/educaçãoRESUMO
O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma realidade para a qual a sociedade atual está cada vez mais desperta. Apesar da multiplicidade de abordagens existentes, o objetivo pretendido de integração social destes sujeitos ainda se mostra muito longe de ser alcançado. Pretendemos criar uma plataforma digital para crianças do transtorno do espectro autista baseada nas teorias da Complexidade, Biologia da Cognição e Segunda Cibernética. Esta plataforma tem como intuito ajudar estas crianças a construir e desenvolver sua autoconsciência, indispensável a seu processo de autoconstrução e consequente envolvimento social. Pretendemos promover uma abordagem inovadora distante das atuais, focadas no cognitivismo e construtivismo. Esta nova abordagem considera as mais recentes descobertas neurocientíficas, habilidades autopoiéticas e de neuroplasticidade. Acreditamos que uma abordagem centrada nestes pressupostos ajudará a ultrapassar a grande barreira social comumente presente no autismo, que é a da comunicação. A metodologia a ser usada parte de uma análise do histórico de atendimento aos sujeitos da pesquisa em vídeos, gravações e diários dos pesquisadores para identificar as principais demandas dessas crianças e proceder então à construção das funcionalidades da plataforma usando os pressupostos da complexidade. A partir daí desenvolveremos o protótipo da plataforma.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a reality which current society is ever more aware of. Despite the assortment of existing approaches, the intended goal of social integration is still far from being reached. We plan to create a digital platform for children who suffer from Autism Spectrum Disorder based on the theories of Complexity, Cognitive Biology, and Second Cybernetics. This platform is meant to help these children in building and developing their self-conciousness, essential to their process of self-building and consequent social involvement. We intend to promote an innovative approach distinct from current ones, which are focused on cognitivism and constructivism. This new approach takes into consideration the most recent neuro-scientific discoveries, autopoietic skills and neuroplasticity. We believe that such an approach will help in overcoming the great social barrier commonly present in autism, which is communication. The methodology to be used starts from an analysis of the history of caring for the subjects of research in videos, sound recordings and researchers' logbooks to identify the main demands of these children and then proceed to build the platform capabilities, using the assumptions of complexity. From there, a platform prototype will be developed.
El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es una realidad para la cual la sociedad actual está cada vez mais despierta. Pese a la multiplicidad de abordajes existentes, el objetivo pretendido de integración social de estos sujetos aún se revela muy lejos de alcanzar. Pretendemos crear una plataforma digital para niños del Trastorno del Espectro Autista basada en las teorías de la Complexidad, Biología de la Cognición y Segunda Cibernética. Esta plataforma tiene como intuito ayudar estos niños a construir y desarollar su autoconciencia, indispensable a su proceso de autoconstrucción y consequente envolvimiento social. Pretendemos promover un abordaje innovador distante de las actuales, enfocadas en el cognitivismo y el constructivismo. Este nuevo abordaje considera las más recientes descubiertas neurocientíficas, habilidades autopoiéticas y de neuroplasticidad. Creemos que un abordaje centrado en estos presupuestos ayudará a sobrepasar la gran barrera social comúnmente presente en el autismo, que es la comunicación. La metodología a ser usada parte de un análisis del historial de atención a los sujetos de la investigación en videos, grabaciones y diarios de los investigadores para identificar las principales demandas de esos niños y proceder entonces a la construcción de las funcionalidades de la plataforma usando los presupuestos de la complejidad. A partir de ahí desarrollaremos el prototipo de la plataforma.
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Este artigo descreve o desenvolvimento do projeto Pensamento Psicanalítico Latino-Americano, destinado a investigar os percursos e a difusão do pensamento psicanalítico na América Latina a partir da produção de seus próprios pensadores. Com apoio da Federação Psicanalítica Latino-Americana, o projeto criou diferentes atividades descritas no artigo. Entre elas, a edição de uma coleção de artigos destinada a divulgar obras de psicanalistas latino-americanos, dispositivos de pesquisa denominados ppl-lab e a organização de uma plataforma digital, ppl-web, que estará disponível em breve.
El presente artículo describe el desarrollo del proyecto Pensamiento Psicoanalítico Latinoamericano destinado a investigar los aportes y la difusión del pensamiento psicoanalítico en América Latina a partir de la producción de sus propios pensadores. Con el apoyo de la Federación Psicoanalítica Latinoamericana, el proyecto creó diferentes actividades que se describen en el artículo. Entre ellas, la edición de una colección de artículos destinados a divulgar la obra de psicoanalistas latinoamericanos, la creación de dispositivos de investigación denominados ppl-lab y la creación de ppl-web, una plataforma digital que estará disponible en breve.
The present article describes the development of the project Psychoanalytic Thinking in Latin America. The project goal is to investigate the pathways and diffusion of psychoanalytic thinking in Latin America, from the perspective of its own thinkers. With support from Fepal, the project has created different activities, among them, a collection of articles about Latin American psychoanalysts, produced by psychoanalysts, a research dispositive called ppl-lab and the organization of a digital platform known as ppl-web, which will be available soon.
Cet article décrit le développement du projet Pensé Psychanalytique Latino-Américaine qui a pour but l'investigation du parcours et de la diffusion de la pensé psychanalytique latino-américaine à partir de la production de ses propres penseurs. Appuyé par la Fédération psychanalytique latino-américaine, ce projet a créé différentes activités décrites sur l'article. Parmi ces activités, l'édition d'une collection d'articles destinés à diffuser des oeuvres de psychanalystes latino-américains, des dispositifs de recherche appelés ppl-lab et l'organisation d'une plateforme numérique, ppl-web, qui sera bientôt disponible.