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The integration of wireless sensors with artificial intelligence could represent a transformative approach in restorative dentistry, offering a sophisticated means to enhance diagnostic precision, treatment planning, and patient outcomes. This systematic review was conducted to pinpoint and assess the efficacy of wireless sensors in restorative dentistry. The search methodology followed the guidelines outlined by PRISMA and involved the utilization of prominent scientific databases. Following the final phase of evaluating eligibility, the systematic review included six papers. Five experiments were conducted in vitro, while one was a randomized clinical trial. The investigations focused on wireless sensors for cavity diagnosis, toothbrush forces, facial mask applications, and physiological parameter detection from dental implants. All wireless sensors demonstrated efficacy in achieving the objectives established by each study and showed the validity, accuracy, and reproducibility of this device. The investigations examined in this systematic review illustrate the potential of wireless sensors in restorative dentistry, especially in the areas of caries detection, dental implant systems, face masks, and power brushes. These technologies hold promise for enhancing patient outcomes and alleviating the workload of dental practitioners.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: The superimposition of 3 dimensions (3D) digital models has been increasingly used for evaluating dental changes resulting from orthodontic treatment, and different superimposition techniques have been described. Although the maxilla has areas with greater stability for superimposition, such as the palatal rugae, there is still no reliable method for superimposing models of the lower arch. Objective: Therefore, this article aims to describe a technique for superimposing virtual models. Methods: To evaluate pre- and post-orthodontic treatment changes, the Geomagic Qualify 2013 software (3D Systems®, Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA) was used, with reference points in the maxilla, including the rugae and a reference area in the palate and midpalatal raphe. The lower arch was superimposed using the maximum habitual intercuspation (MHI) model as reference. Results and Conclusion: 3D models superimposition using palatal rugae and MHI occlusion seems to offer satisfactory results in the interpretation of clinical changes at different follow-up moments in terms of development and/or orthodontic treatment.

RESUMO Introdução: A sobreposição de modelos digitais em três dimensões (3D) tem sido cada vez mais utilizada como forma de avaliar as alterações dentárias decorrentes do tratamento instituído, e diferentes técnicas de sobreposição têm sido descritas. Apesar de a maxila apresentar áreas de maior estabilidade para sobreposição dos modelos, como as rugas palatinas, ainda não existe um método confiável para a sobreposição da arcada inferior. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever uma técnica de sobreposição de modelos virtuais. Métodos: Para avaliar as alterações pré e pós-tratamento ortodôntico, foi usado o software Geomagic Qualify 2013 (3D Systems®, Rock Hill, Carolina do Sul, EUA) , utilizando pontos de referência na maxila na região das rugas palatinas e uma área de referência na zona do palato e rafe palatina mediana. Já a arcada inferior foi sobreposta utilizando o modelo em máxima intercuspidação habitual (MIH) como referência. Resultados e Conclusão: A sobreposição de modelos utilizando as rugas palatinas e a oclusão em MIH parece oferecer resultados satisfatórios na interpretação das alterações clínicas entre momentos diferentes de acompanhamento, seja do crescimento/desenvolvimento e/ou resultados do tratamento ortodôntico.

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O dissilicato de lítio, se tornou popular para confecção de coroas dentárias devido às suas propriedades biomecânicas e compatibilidade biológica. O sucesso a longo prazo das restaurações depende de diversos fatores, entre eles, a espessura adequada da cerâmica e a ausência de áreas retentivas nos preparos dentais. O presente estudo baseia-se em uma análise exploratória de dados, e teve como objetivo analisar a presença de áreas retentivas nos preparos dentais e as espessuras das coroas totais em dissilicato de lítio, com intuito de identificar as faces do preparo com maior presença de áreas retentivas e as zonas de maior e menor susceptibilidade a fadiga precoce das restaurações. Um total de 100 preparos para coroas totais de molares superiores e inferiores, realizados por cirurgiões-dentistas, foram selecionados aleatoriamente e escaneados através de um scanner de bancada. O design das coroas totais cerâmicas foi realizado através do software Exocad (versão 2.2). Os arquivos em STL foram analisados por inspeção baseada em pontos, utilizando as ferramentas do Exocad. Para análise das espessuras do design da coroa, optou-se por secciona-las virtualmente em 3 cortes transversais e 3 longitudinais. A partir desses cortes realizou-se a mensuração de 54 pontos, após análise 50 pontos obtiveram relevância, esses foram divididos em 11 grupos, que representavam a faces: mesial, distal, vestibular, lingual e oclusal, os pontos foram distribuídos no terço oclusal, terço médio, terço cervical e oclusal das faces citadas, e comparados com a espessura ideal para se obter resistência adequada segundo a literatura. Através das análises estatísticas obteve-se como grupo de maior susceptibilidade a fadiga precoce da restauração o Grupo 3 (terço cervical da parede lingual), com 84,67% das amostras com a espessura inferior ao padrão para este grupo, seguido do Grupo 4 (terço cervical da parede vestibular) com 83,67% das amostras com a espessura inferior ao valor padrão. O Grupo 8 (terço oclusal e médio da parede distal) obteve a maior porcentagem das amostras satisfatórias, 86% obtiveram o valor igual ou acima do padrão, o Grupo 9 (terço oclusal e médio da parede mesial) apresentou 84,50% das amostras com valores iguais ou acima do valor padrão do grupo. Concluiu-se que, o terço cervical é a região com a maior susceptibilidade a fadiga precoce, e o terço oclusal e médio da distal a região com menor susceptibilidade a fadiga precoce. Para a análise dos preparos para as coroas utilizou-se a ferramenta do Exocad, Análise de Retenção, após a seleção do eixo de inserção da restauração, foi possível a visualização através de um gráfico de cor, que varia do azul ao vermelho para as áreas retentivas, como resultado, a face vestibular apresentou 27% dos preparos com necessidade de alívio, sendo a região com menor presença de áreas retentivas, porém a região distal apresentou necessidade de alívio em 40% dos casos, sendo a área com maior presença de retenção. Assim, a face distal dos preparos é a que mais apresentou áreas retentivas e a vestibular a face com menos zonas de retenção (AU)

The lithium disilicate has become popular for the fabrication of dental crowns due to its biomechanical properties and biological compatibility. The long-term success of restorations depends on various factors, including the appropriate thickness of the ceramic and the absence of retentive areas in dental preparations. This study is based on an exploratory data analysis and aims to analyze the presence of retentive areas in dental preparations and the thickness of lithium disilicate full crowns. The goal is to identify the preparation surfaces with a higher presence of retentive areas and the zones with greater and lesser susceptibility to early fatigue of the restorations. A total of 100 preparations for full crowns of upper and lower molars, performed by dentists, were randomly selected and scanned using a benchtop scanner. The design of the ceramic full crowns was carried out using Exocad software (version 2.2). The STL files were analyzed through point-based inspection using Exocad tools. For the analysis of crown design thickness, they were virtually sectioned into 3 transverse and 3 longitudinal cuts. Fifty relevant points were measured, divided into 11 groups representing the surfaces: mesial, distal, vestibular, lingual, and occlusal. These points were distributed in the occlusal, middle, cervical, and occlusal thirds of the mentioned surfaces and compared with the ideal thickness to achieve adequate resistance according to the literature. Through statistical analyses, the group with the highest susceptibility to early fatigue of the restoration was identified as Group 3 (cervical third of the lingual wall), with 84.67% of samples having thickness below the standard for this group. Group 4 (cervical third of the vestibular wall) followed closely, with 83.67% of samples having thickness below the standard. Group 8 (occlusal and middle thirds of the distal wall) showed the highest percentage of satisfactory samples, with 86% achieving or exceeding the standard value. Group 9 (occlusal and middle thirds of the mesial wall) presented 84.50% of samples with values equal to or above the standard for the group. It was concluded that the cervical third is the region with the highest susceptibility to early fatigue, and the occlusal and middle thirds of the distal region have the least susceptibility to early fatigue. For the analysis of crown preparations, the Exocad tool, Retention Analysis, was utilized. After selecting the restoration insertion axis, visualization through a color chart, ranging from blue to red for retentive areas, revealed that the vestibular surface showed 27% of preparations requiring relief, representing the region with the least presence of retentive areas. Conversely, the distal region required relief in 40% of cases, making it the area with the highest retentive presence. Thus, the distal surface of preparations exhibited the most retentive areas, while the vestibular surface had the fewest retention zones.(AU)

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Cleft lip and palate is a very common congenital defect in which embryonic facial processes do not achieve the ideal facial formation during their development which can cause malformation. Multiple dentistry specializations, especially oral and maxillofacial, orthodontics, oral rehabilitation and dental aesthetics are required in order to correct lip and oral cavity malformations by this congenital defect with the objective of functional and aesthetics improvement. The clinical case reported show the multidisciplinary approach in a patient with cleft lip and palate implementing an aesthetic and functional dentofacial rehabilitation. The case involves a 27-year-old female patient LCLG, Caucasian, with the presence of unilateral congenital cleft lip and palate on the left side, who started rehabilitative and reparative treatment at 3 months of age. She then started pediatric orthodontic treatment for angle class 3 crossbite correction at 7 years of age. After complete replacement of deciduous to permanent dentition at the age of 11, the patient started orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance for several years and restorative treatment with composite resin reanatomize the anterior teeth due to agenesis of elements 22 and 25. After a few years when the resin restorations were no longer biologically favorable, an aesthetic rehabilitation treatment with ceramic laminates was planned through smile digital planning soon after completing the orthodontic treatment. This case report demonstrates that high aesthetic, functional and psychological expectations of a patient with congenital defect compromise throughout her life were met through a multidisciplinary dental treatment based on correct diagnosis and digital planning (AU)

A fissura labiopalatal é um defeito congênito muito comum, no qual os processos faciais embrionários não atingem a formação facial ideal durante o seu desenvolvimento, podendo causar malformações. Múltiplas especializações da odontologia, principalmente buco-maxilo-facial, ortodontia, reabilitação oral e estética dental são necessárias para corrigir as malformações labiais e da cavidade oral por esse defeito congênito com o objetivo de melhoria funcional e estética. O caso clínico relatado mostra a abordagem multidisciplinar em um paciente com fissura labiopalatal implementando uma reabilitação dentofacial estética e funcional. O caso envolve uma paciente do sexo feminino, 27 anos, LCLG, branca, com presença de fissura labiopalatal congênita unilateral à esquerda, que iniciou tratamento reabilitador e reparador aos 3 meses de idade. Após a substituição completa da dentição decídua pela permanente aos 11 anos de idade, a paciente iniciou tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo por vários anos, e tratamento restaurador com resina composta para reanatomizar os dentes anteriores devido à agenesia dos elementos 22 e 25. Após alguns anos em que as restaurações em resina não eram mais favoráveis biologicamente, foi planejado um tratamento reabilitador estético com laminados cerâmicos através do planejamento digital do sorriso logo após a finalização do tratamento ortodôntico. Este relato de caso demonstra que as altas expectativas estéticas, funcionais e psicológicas de uma paciente com comprometimento de defeito congênito ao longo de sua vida foram atendidas por meio de um tratamento odontológico multidisciplinar baseado em diagnóstico correto e planejamento digital (AU)

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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a prototype photocatalytic device for bacterial decontaminations of the oral cavity. METHODS: Sixty-four subjects (18-65) were selected and randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 8), according to oral disinfection protocol: (G1): distilled water (control); (G2): 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP); (G3): 3.0% HP; (G4): 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX); (G5): Germinator; (G6): 1.5% HP + Germinator; (G7): 3.0%HP + Germinator; (G8): 0.12% CHX + Germinator. Stimulated saliva was collected before and after a 3-min mouthwash and/or Germinator application. The patients were kept relaxed and retained saliva 5-10 min, spitting out into the tube for 3 min. The percentage bacterial reduction was checked by counting the colony-forming units (CFUs) after culturing on blood agar plates. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (α = 5%) for statistical significance. RESULTS: The highest bacterial reduction was observed in groups 3 (3.0% HP), 6 (1.5% HP + Germinator), and 7 (3.0% + Germinator), with no statistically significant difference between them (p > 0.05). Groups 6 (1.5% HP + Germinator) and 8 (0.12% CHX + Germinator) showed higher bacterial reduction than groups 2 (1.5% HP) and 4 (0.12% CHX) (p < 0.05). Finally, group 5 (Germinator) showed higher bacterial reduction than control group (DW) and group 4 (0.12% CHX) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The photocatalytic disinfection was effective against oral bacteria and improved the antimicrobial action of 1.5% HP and 0.12%. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The photocatalytic disinfection can be an alternative protocol to provide the oral decontamination.

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Devido ao avanço tecnológico e a busca da excelência do tratamento, a prototipagem rápida (PR) tornou-se realidade na odontologia com uso de exames de imagem, sendo a tomografia computadorizada a mais utilizada. Assim, é possível analisar com precisão a anatomia do paciente e simular o procedimento nos biomodelos, resultando na otimização do tratamento. O objetivo do trabalho é descrever a aplicação dos processos de impressão tridimensional na odontologia. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura integrativa utilizando os descritores: Impressão Tridimensional, CAD-CAM e Odontologia Digital nas bases de dados PubMed e Scielo e nos bancos de dados Europe PMC e BVS. Os protótipos vem sendo um marco na odontologia moderna, sendo eles réplicas de estruturas anatômicas que são criados a partir da conversão de imagens 3D obtidas por meio de exames de imagem, como a tomografia computadorizada (TC) e a ressonância magnética (RM), em imagens reais. As imagens adquiridas são reformatadas por meio de softwares específicos que utilizam os sistemas CAD e CAM. O biomodelos permite a simulação do respectivo procedimento, evitando imprevistos no transoperatório, aumentam a segurança e estreita a relação entre o profissional e o paciente, resultando na maior satisfação no resultado final... (AU)

Due to technological advancement and the search for excellence in treatment, the rapid prototyping (RP) becomes reality in dentistry with the imaging exams, being the computed tomography being the most used. Thus, it is possible to accurately analyze the patient's anatomy and simulate the procedure on biomodels, resulting in treatment optimization. The objective of the work is to describe the application of three-dimensional printing processes in dentistry. An integrative literature review was realized using the descriptors: Three-dimensional printing, CAD-CAM and Digital Dentistry in the PubMed and Scielo databases and in the Europe PMC and BVS databank. The prototypes have been a landmark in modern dentistry, they are replicas of anatomical structures that are created from the conversion of 3D images obtained through image exams, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR), in real images. The acquired images are reformatted using specific software using the CAD and CAM systems. The biomodel allows the simulation of the respective procedure, avoiding unforeseen circumstances during the operation, increasing safety and strengthening the relationship between the professional and the patient, resulting in greater satisfaction in the final result.. (AU)

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OBJECTIVE: To explore the use of 3D intraoral scanner/image analysis for the detection and monitoring of simulated non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 288 NCCLs of different severities and simulated using a laboratorial model associating toothbrush stiffness (soft, medium, and hard) and toothpaste abrasivity (low, medium, high, and negative control) were analyzed. Dental impressions were taken from specimens before and after 35K and 65K brushing strokes, and then scanned with a CEREC Omnicam scanner. 3D models were analyzed for volumetric tooth loss. 3D optical profilometry was considered as the gold standard. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD tests (alpha = 0.05), and agreement between methods by using intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Toothbrushes of hard and mid stiffness caused higher tooth loss than soft when associated with the highest abrasive, at 35K and 65K strokes (p < 0.001). Variation in slurry abrasivity led to differences in tooth loss (with control < low < medium < high, p < 0.0001) after both 35K and 65K strokes, regardless of the type of toothbrush used, except at 35K, wherein control = low (p = 0.55). 35K strokes caused less tooth loss than 65K for all abrasive slurries (p < 0.0001) except controls. The intraclass correlation coefficient for agreement between the test and gold standard methods was 0.85. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of 3D images from intraoral scanner could detect and monitor NCCL progression, although this ability was limited on incipient lesions. Overall good agreement was found between the test method and optical profilometry. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The suggested method may be applicable to detect and monitor NCCLs clinically.

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Introdução: Na técnica ortodôntica lingual os bráquetes são posicionados na face lingual dos dentes e por isso é conhecida como uma técnica difícil pela complexidade no posicionamento dos bráquetes. Durante a evolução dessa técnica surgiram muitas formas de montagem do aparelho lingual. A mais utilizada preconizava a confecção de um modelo de set up ortodôntico e, a transferência do aparelho para a boca do paciente por meio de moldeiras ou jigs, a fim de se realizar a colagem propriamente dita. Posteriormente, surgiu uma outra forma de montagem do aparelho lingual mais simplificada, a colagem seria realizada de forma direta, isto é, sobre a superfície lingual do esmalte, porém demandava maior habilidade do profissional. Também poderia ser feita no modelo gesso de má oclusão, sem a confecção de set up. Objetivos: Facilitar a técnica utilizando recursos tecnológicos com um scanner e um software para substituir alguns passos analógicos da montagem do aparelho lingual. Material e Método: Realiza-se a digitalização intraoral por meio de um scanner, onde são obtidos os modelos em arquivos STL, que inseridos no software junto aos arquivos STL dos bráquetes linguais serão posicionados na superfície virtual dos modelos digitais. Uma moldeira virtual de transferência será confeccionada em uma impressora 3D em resina, onde serão inseridos os bráquetes metálicos para a colagem propriamente dita. Conclusão: A montagem do aparelho lingual simplificada pode ser realizada com excelência pelos meios digitais em quase todos os passos.(AU)

Introduction: In lingual orthodontics technique the brackets are positioned on the teeth lingual surface, and for this reason it is known as a difficult technique due to the complexity of brackets positioning. During the evolution of this technique many forms of lingual appliance assembly were developed. The most used technique recommended to make an orthodontic set-up model and later to transfer the appliance to the patient's mouth using trays or jigs in order to perform the bonding itself. Subsequently, another and more simplified lingual appliance form emerged, in which the bonding would be performed directly, that is, on the lingual surface of the enamel, but it required greater skill from the professional. Also, it could be done on the cast model of malocclusion, without making the set-up model. Objectives: To facilitate the technique using technological resources with as a scanner and a software replacing some analogical steps in the assembly of the lingual device. Material and Method: Intraoral digitizing is performed by a scanner where the models are obtained in STL files, that inserted in the software together with the STL files of the lingual brackets will be positioned on the virtual surface of the digital models. A virtual transfer tray will be made of resin in a 3D printer where the metal brackets will be inserted for the actual bonding. Conclusion: The assembly of the simplified lingual device can be performed with excellence by digital means in almost all steps. (AU)

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ABSTRACT: Background: Hyaluronic acid is a treatment option for this deficiency gingival papilla, since it aims to increase tissue volume in the region of loss of interdental papilla, minimally invasive. Aim this study was to describe the application of Hyaluronic acid in a deficient gingival papilla. Case report: Patient presented absence of interdental papilla in the maxillary arch around upper anterior teeth. A comprehensive exam was performed, plus 2D photographs taken with a professional camera coupled to a device for image standardization, and an intraoral scanning with the OMNICAM scanner. Three applications of Hyaluronic acid were performed to fill the black spaces, at an interval of four weeks. The patient was followed-up for three months, and the recovery of papilla was observed. Conclusion: The Hyaluronic acid as gingival filling material can be considered as a treatment option for augmenting interdental papilla in aesthetic area.

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Resumo Introdução: Os sistemas CAD/CAM auxiliam ortodontistas na confecção de alinhadores estéticos e na colagem indireta (posicionamento virtual de bráquetes) em modelos digitais tridimensionais. Este estudo avaliou a precisão e validade do software eXceedTM. Métodos: Vinte modelos de gesso de pacientes foram digitalizados utilizando um escâner de mesa e os arquivos obtidos foram convertidos em estereolitografia pelo software OrthoAnalyserTM. Utilizando os modelos de gesso e digital, seis medidas foram aferidas: Largura Intermolares (LM), Largura Intercaninos (LC), Comprimento do Arco posterior (CA), Diâmetro da Coroa do Pré-Molar (DP), Altura da Coroa do Canino (AC) e Overjet (OJ). Os erros sistemáticos e aleatórios foram avaliados em análises das réplicas das mensurações. As diferenças foram avaliadas usando o teste t de Student. Os erros aleatórios foram quantificados usando o erro do método (V(Sd2/2n) e o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (ICC). Resultados: Duas das medidas das réplicas em modelos digitais (CA) e de gesso (LC) demostraram erros sistemáticos estatisticamente significativos. O ICC variou de 0,916 a 0,997. Os erros do método foram todos inferiores a 0,41 mm (0,22 mm). Os gráficos de Bland-Altman mostraram que as diferenças de repetitividade entre os dois métodos estavam dentro dos limites de concordância. Os valores DP (0,253 mm), LC (0,396 mm), AC (0,314 mm) e CA (0,359 mm) foram maiores em modelos de gesso do que nos modelos digitais. Conclusão: As medidas realizadas em ambos os métodos foram confiáveis e reprodutíveis, e as medidas dos modelos de gesso foram ligeiramente maiores do que os dos modelos digitais correspondentes (AU)

Abstract Introduction: CAD/CAM systems help orthodontists in the production of aesthetic aligners and in indirect bonding (virtual bracket positioning) in three-dimensional digital models. This study evaluated the accuracy and validity of the eXceedTM 3D software (Roosikrantsi, Tallinn, Estonia). Methods: Twenty patient plaster models were digitized by a desktop scanner, and the files obtained were converted to stereolithography by OrthoAnalyserTM software. Using the cast and digital models, six measurements were performed: Intermolar Width (LM); Intercanine Width (LC); Posterior Arch Length (CA); Premolar Crown Diameter (DP); Canine Crown Hight (AC) and Overjet (OJ). Intra-observer systematic differences between the replicates were described with mean absolute differences and standard errors (SE); differences were assessed using a paired Students t test. Random errors were quantified using the method error statistic (V[Sd2/2n]) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Differences between methods was evaluated using Students t test. Results: Two of the measurements of the replicas in the digital model (CA) and in the plaster model (LC) showed statistically significant systematic errors. The ICC ranged from 0.916 to 0.997. The method errors were all less than 0.41 mm (0.22 mm). Bland-Altman plots showed that the differences of repeatability between the two methods were within the limits of agreement. The values DP (0.253 mm), LC (0.396 mm), AC (0.314 mm) and CA (0.359 mm) were higher in plaster models than in digital models. Conclusion: The measurements performed in both methods were reliable and reproducible, and plaster models measurements were slightly higher than those of the corresponding digital models. (AU)

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Background. Software programs for visualization and analysis of digital orthodontic models, apart from presenting the necessary features for diagnosis and treatment planning, also need to be user-friendly. This characteristic refers to software' usability, a measure that evaluates how easy it is to use it is by a specific group of professionals. The aim of this study was to compare the usability of free available versions of two software programs for visualization and analysis of digital orthodontic models. Methods. Digimodel® and OrthoCAD® usability were evaluated through their interface analysis and executing the following procedures: malocclusion classification and models analysis (arch-length and tooth-size discrepancies). Results. Digimodel® and OrthoCAD® software programs had an installer only for Windows platform, occupied less than 110 megabytes of virtual space and only read files from their respective manufacturers. None possessed Portuguese as a language option. Both allowed visualization of the models in different axes through options present in initial screen, at a click. For model analysis, both software programs required to measure tooth to tooth and performed necessary calculations automatically. However, OrthoCAD® software program was less intuitive because the option for these actions was among several others, within menus, which could cause confusion during navigation. In addition, the marking of points did not always obey the clicked site. Conclusion. The free access version of the evaluated software programs exhibited usability limitations related to language, supported file format and even the model analysis execution for orthodontic diagnosis. Although OrthoCAD® was inferior, both did not meet orthodontists' clinical demand against these factors in the evaluated versions.

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A Odontologia tem evoluído de acordo com os padrões estéticos impostos pela sociedade. Alterações de anatomia e coloração são cada vez mais requisitadas pelos pacientes, a fim de se enquadrarem nesses parâmetros. Um dos protocolos mais utilizados atualmente pelo cirurgião-dentista para alcançar a exigência estética de seus pacientes é o de laminados cerâmicos. Os principais motivos para o uso desse material são: compatibilidade biológica, estaurações ultraconservadoras, estética e estabilidade de cor. Portanto, este relato de caso tem como objetivo descrever o processo da reabilitação dos elementos 13, 12, 11, 21, 22 e 23 com material cerâmico dissilicato de lítio, com o sistema CAD/CAM Cerec.

Dentistry has been evolving according to the aesthetic standards imposed by society. Anatomy and coloring changes are increasingly required by patients in order to fit into those standards. One of the protocols currently used by the dentist to achieve the aesthetic requirement of his patients is the porcelain laminates veener. The main reasons using this material are: biocompatibility, ultraconservative restorations, aesthetics and color stability. This case report, therefore, aims to describe the process of a rehabilitation of the elements 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23 using a ceramic lithium dissilicate material with the CAD / CAM system Cerec.

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Dentre os grandes desafios da Ortodontia, o posicionamento correto dos bráquetes durante a colagem do aparelho fixo é fundamental para o sucesso da biomecânica e a finalização satisfatória do tratamento. A colagem indireta de bráquetes possibilita um posicionamento mais preciso, além de reduzir o tempo clínico e promover maior conforto para o paciente. As tecnologias digitais ampliaram as possibilidades de realizar diferentes procedimentos na Ortodontia e permitiram o aprimoramento das técnicas de colagem indireta. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar, por meio de um caso clínico, um método de colagem indireta de bráquetes com a utilização de tecnologias digitais. A paciente, 12 anos de idade, sexo feminino, apresentava perfil equilibrado, má oclusão de Classe I e apinhamento leve superior e inferior. Durante o planejamento do caso, optou-se pela colagem indireta de bráquetes. Foram realizados exames de tomografia computadorizada e escaneamento intrabucal. O posicionamento dos bráquetes foi planejado de forma virtual, por meio da sobreposição das imagens tomográficas e do modelo virtual. As moldeiras de transferência foram obtidas por impressão 3D. A aplicação das tecnologias digitais na colagem indireta de bráquetes elimina a necessidade das etapas laboratoriais, tornando o procedimento mais prático, rápido, preciso e confortável para o paciente. (AU)

Among the great challenges of Orthodontics, the correct positioning of brackets during fixed appliance installation is fundamental for the success of biomechanics and the satisfactory treatment finalization. Indirect bracket bonding allows more precise bracket positioning, as well as reducing clinical time and promoting greater comfort for the patient. Digital technologies have expanded the possibilities of performing different procedures in Orthodontics and have allowed the improvement of indirect bonding techniques. The objective of this study was to demonstrate, through a clinical case, a method of indirect bracket bonding with the use of digital technologies. The patient, 12 years old, female, presented a balanced profile, Class I malocclusion and upper and lower light crowding. During the planning of the case, we opted for the indirect bracket bonding. Computed tomography and intraoral scans were performed. The positioning of the brackets was planned in a virtual way, by means of the overlapping of the tomographic images and the virtual model. Transfer trays were obtained by 3D printing. The application of digital technologies in indirect bracket bonding eliminates the need for laboratory steps, making the procedure more practical, fast, accurate, and comfortable for the patient. (AU)

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Identificar e apresentar diferentes tecnologias 3D utilizadas atualmente na Odontologia, avaliando as vantagens e limitações dessa ferramenta. A abordagem metodológica empregada consistiu de pesquisa sistemática realizada em diferentes motores de busca, como Pubmed e portal CAPES, e nas bases de dados Science Direct e Medline para coletar estudos clínicos que abordassem aplicações da manufatura aditiva em diferentes áreas da Odontologia. As palavras-chave para a busca textual foram Odontologia (Dentistry); Reabilitação Bucal (Oral Rehabilitation) e Tecnologia Odontológica (Dental Technology). A modalidade de pesquisa desse projeto foi conduzida por diretrizes contidas nas orientações para realização de revisões sistemáticas (PRISMA). Foram selecionados 11 artigos trazendo o uso da impressão 3D nas áreas de cirurgia e traumatologia bucomaxilofacial (n=5); prótese dentária (n=3) e Implantodontia (n=3). Como resultados, podemos dizer que os estudos demonstram a evolução das técnicas de manufatura aditiva, acompanhadas pelas suas aplicações, iniciando com a estereolitografia com a finalidade de planejamento reverso, treinamento da execução de determinado procedimento cirúrgico, até a sinterização seletiva a laser com a fabricação de objetos resistentes, como implantes osseointegrados, a serem aplicados como produto final no tratamento do paciente. A tecnologia aditiva ainda é incipiente, mas a tendência é ser cada vez mais utilizada e seus benefícios melhores aproveitados pela Odontologia (AU).

Identify and present different 3D technologies currently used in Dentistry, evaluating the advantages and limitations of this tool. The methodological approach employed consisted of systematic research conducted in different search engines, such as Pubmed and CAPES portal, and in the databases Science Direct and Medline to collect clinical studies that addressed additive manufacturing applications in different areas of Dentistry. The keywords for the textual search were Dentistry; Oral Rehabilitation; and Dental Technology. The research modality of this project was conducted by directives contained in the guidelines for conducting systematic reviews (PRISMA). Eleven articles were selected, demonstrating the use of 3D printing in the areas like buccomaxillofacial surgery and traumatology (n = 5); prosthodontics (n = 3); and Implantology (n = 3). As results, we can say that studies demonstrate the evolution of additive manufacturing techniques, followed by their applications, starting with stereolithography for the purpose of reverse planning, certain surgical procedure execution training until the selective laser sintering with the manufacturing of resistant objects, such as osseointegrated implants, to be applied as final product in the treatment of the patient. The additive technology is still incipient, but the tendency is to be increasingly used and that Dentistry takes advantage of its better benefits (AU).

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O avanço tecnológico tem se mostrado um grande aliado em diversas áreas, assim como na odontologia. O surgimento da tecnológica CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing) na década de 1950 trouxe outra realidade para a prática clínica diária. Previamente todo o processo laboratorial de trabalhos protéticos era demorado e puramente físico, atualmente a fabricação das peças protéticas demanda um menor tempo devido a utilização do meio digital, o que consequentemente diminui as consultas aos Cirurgiões-Dentistas. A adição de ferramentas digitais no planejamento e na execução dos tratamentos odontológicos alterou completamente o workflow, fazendo com que a busca para um aperfeiçoamento seja constante visando sempre o melhor atendimento e qualidade dos tratamentos realizados. Dessa forma este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre a aplicabilidade clínica da tecnologia CAD-CAM em Odontologia.

The technological advance has been shown to be a greatly in several areas, as well as in dentistry. The emergence of the technological CAD / CAM (Computer Aided Design / Computer Aided Manufacturing) in the 1950s brought another reality to daily clinical practice. Previously, the entire laboratory process of prosthetic work was time consuming and purely physical, currently the manufacture of prosthetic work requires less time due to the use of the digital medium, which consequently decreases the dentist appointments. The addition of digital tools in the planning and execution of dental treatments has completely altered the workflow, making the search for a constant improvement, always aiming at the best care and quality of treatment performed. Thus, this paper has the objective of performing a critical review of the literature on the clinical applicability of CAD / CAM technology in dentistry.

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ABSTRACT The computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) process chain for dental restorations starts with taking an impression of the clinical situation. For this purpose, either extraoral digitization of gypsum models or intraoral digitization can be used. Despite the increasing use of dental digitizing systems, there are only few studies on their accuracy. Objective This study compared the accuracy of various intraoral and extraoral digitizing systems for dental CAD/CAM technology. Material and Methods An experimental setup for three-dimensional analysis based on 2 prepared ceramic master dies and their corresponding virtual CAD-models was used to assess the accuracy of 10 extraoral and 4 intraoral optical non-contact dental digitizing systems. Depending on the clinical procedure, 10 optical measurements of either 10 duplicate gypsum dies (extraoral digitizing) or directly of the ceramic master dies (intraoral digitizing) were made and compared with the corresponding CAD-models. Results The digitizing systems showed differences in accuracy. However, all topical systems were well within the benchmark of ±20 µm. These results apply to single tooth measurements. Conclusions Study results are limited, since only single teeth were used for comparison. The different preparations represent various angles and steep and parallel opposing tooth surfaces (incisors). For most digitizing systems, the latter are generally the most difficult to capture. Using CAD/CAM technologies, the preparation angles should not be too steep to reduce digitizing errors. Older systems might be limited to a certain height or taper of the prepared tooth, whereas newer systems (extraoral as well as intraoral digitization) do not have these limitations.

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Composite resin is a dental material susceptible to color change over time which limits the longevity of restorations made with this material. The influence of light curing units and different fluoride mouthrinses on superficial morphology and color stability of a nanofilled composite resin was evaluated. Specimens (N = 150) were prepared and polished. The experimental groups were divided according to the type of light source (halogen and LED) and immersion media (artificial saliva, 0.05% sodium fluoride solution-manipulated, Fluordent Reach, Oral B, Fluorgard). Specimens remained in artificial saliva for 24-h baseline. For 60 days, they were immersed in solutions for 1 min. Color readout was taken at baseline and after 60 days of immersion. Surface morphology was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after 60 days of immersion. Color change data were submitted to two-way Analysis of Variance and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Surface morphology was qualitatively analyzed. The factor light source presented no significant variability (P = 0.281), the immersion media, significant variability (P < 0.001) and interaction between factors, no significant variability (P = 0.050). According to SEM observations, no difference was noted in the surface of the specimens polymerized by different light sources, irrespective of the immersion medium. It was concluded that the light source did not influence the color stability of composite, irrespective of the immersion media, and among the fluoride solutions analyzed, Fluorgard was the one that promoted the greatest color change, however, this was not clinically perceptible. The immersion media did not influence the morphology of the studied resin.

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OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the influence of light sources and immersion media on the color stability of a nanofilled composite resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Conventional halogen, high-power-density halogen and high-power-density light-emitting diode (LED) units were used. There were 4 immersion media: coffee, tea, Coke® and artificial saliva. A total of 180 specimens (10 mm x 2 mm) were prepared, immersed in artificial saliva for 24 h at 37±1ºC, and had their initial color measured with a spectrophotometer according to the CIELab system. Then, the specimens were immersed in the 4 media during 60 days. Data from the color change and luminosity were collected and subjected to statistical analysis by the Kruskall-Wallis test (p<0.05). For immersion time, the data were subjected to two-way ANOVA test and Fisher's test (p<0.05). RESULTS: High-power-density LED (ΔE=1.91) promoted similar color stability of the composite resin to that of the tested halogen curing units (Jet Lite 4000 plus - ΔE=2.05; XL 3000 - ΔE=2.28). Coffee (ΔE=8.40; ΔL=-5.21) showed the highest influence on color stability of the studied composite resin. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in color stability regardless of the light sources, and coffee was the immersion medium that promoted the highest color changes on the tested composite resin.

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Baseado nos grandes benefícios que a utilização das imagens digitais pode proporcionar a Ortodontia, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar métodos de digitalização de slides 35 mm. Foram selecionados quatro slides 35 mm com qualidade de imagem variada de pacientes da faculdade de Odontologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais. Os diapositivos foram digitalizados por quatro métodos: 1) scanner profissional de slide; 2) scanner de mesa com adaptador para slide; 3) câmera fotográfica digital fotografando os slides posicionados em um negatoscópio e 4) câmera digital fotografando as imagens projetadas por um projetor de slides. Posteriormente, as imagens foram processadas para serem visualizadas em quatro diferentes situações e submetidas à avaliação de quinze indivíduos, sorteados aleatoriamente. Para cada imagem analisada, os examinadores julgavam se estas eram aceitáveis ou não do ponto de vista clínico e científico e analisavam quatro variáveis: a) brilho e contraste; b) definição e nitidez; c) fidelidade e reprodução de cores e d) nota geral, aferindo uma nota de zero a cinco para cada quesito. Os resultados apontaram valores significativamente superiores em todos os quesitos analisados para as imagens obtidas pelo método da câmera digital com negatoscópio (p < 0,0005). Quanto à aceitabilidade das imagens foi identificado um percentual significativamente superior nos métodos da câmera digital com negatoscópio (86,9%) e do scanner profissional (86,1%) (p = 0,028). Concluiu-se que o método de digitalização de slides 35 mm com câmera fotográfica digital e negatoscópio apresentou os melhores resultados e por isso, encontram-se dentro de padrões plenamente aplicáveis para serem utilizados em Ortodontia.

Since the use of digital images in Orthodontics discloses a lot of advantages, this paper intended to evaluate four methods to digitally convert 35 mm slides. Four 35 mm slides with different quality were selected from the archive of the Minas Gerais Pontifical Catholic University Dental School. The methods used were: 1) professional scanner; 2) amateur scanner; 3) digital photography camera with a light box and 4) digital photographic camera with a slide projector. All images were prepared to be displayed by four methods and evaluated by fifteen people divided into five groups. For each image an evaluation was done to establish if they were clinically and scientifically acceptable and four parameters were also analyzed: a) brightness and contrast; b) sharpness; c) color reproduction and d) general grade, rating all of them a score ranging from zero to five. Results showed higher scores in all parameters for the images digitally converted with the method of the digital photography camera with a light box (p < 0,0005). The level of acceptability of the images obtained with the camera with a light Box method was higher (86,9%) and similar to the professional scanner method (86,1%) (p = 0,028). The results of this study indicate that the method to digitally convert 35 mm slides with a digital photography camera and a light box disclosed excellent quality and therefore are within the standards required for their application to Orthodontics.

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