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AIM: To identify toothbrushing patterns among schoolchildren with no prior dental hygiene training and associate them with effectiveness for eliminating dental biofilm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight calibrated dentists assessed dental biofilm, toothbrushing procedure and dental status and registered: grip, bristle angle with respect to tooth, type of movement, surfaces brushed, simultaneous brushing of both jaws, including all six sextants and duration of brushing dental biofilm before and after brushing was determined in 944 children. Frequency distribution was calculated for nominal variables and central tendency and dispersion for quantitative variables of the toothbrushing procedure. Effectiveness was evaluated in 236 children by calculating differences between biofilm levels before and after brushing using Student's test. A cutoff value was established for the difference in reductions in biofilm levels by means of an ROC curve. RESULTS: The variables including all 6 sextants and bristle angle showed positive association with biofilm reduction. The cutoff point for biofilm reduction for including all 6 sextants was 66.85% (OR 6.4 [3.6-11.38]). The cutoff value for biofilm reduction for bristle angle was 68.35% (OR 3.2 [1.83-5.8]). CONCLUSION: The variables associated with biofilm reduction can be used to optimize the modality of future educational interventions in schoolchildren.
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Biofilmes , Escovação Dentária , Humanos , Escovação Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Feminino , Masculino , Argentina , População Urbana , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controleRESUMO
This study evaluated the effect of experimental solutions containing plant extracts on bacterial species and enamel caries prevention. Microcosm biofilm was produced from human saliva mixed with McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) on bovine enamel for 5 days (3 days under anaerobiosis and 2 days under aerobiosis) at 37°C. From the 2nd day, the following treatments were applied (1 × 60 s/day): Vochysia tucanorum (10 mg/mL); Myrcia bella (5 mg/mL); Matricaria chamomilla (80 mg/mL); Malva sylvestris, fluoride, and xylitol (Malvatricin Plus®); 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX, PerioGard®); and PBS (negative control). The medium pH was measured. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed for the detection of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp. Enamel demineralization was measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The data were compared by means of the Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn, two-way ANOVA/Bonferroni, and ANOVA/Tukey tests (p < 0.05). The pH decreased after sucrose exposure; only CHX reestablished pH >5.5 by the last day. CHX also eliminated Lactobacillusspp., but the other treatments did not differ significantly from PBS. Malvatricin Plus® and CHX eliminated S. mutans, but the other treatments did not differ from PBS. Similar results were seen concerning the reduction of lesion depth and reflectivity. The experimental natural-extract solutions were ineffective against cariogenic bacteria and in preventing the development of enamel caries.
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Cárie Dentária , Malva , Matricaria , Desmineralização do Dente , Animais , Biofilmes , Bovinos , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Streptococcus mutansRESUMO
Resumen En odontología pediátrica un procedimiento sencillo y que es eficaz para introducir al niño al ambiente del consultorio dental es la profilaxis dental, y a la vez es indispensable para la remoción del biofilme dental a escala profesional. Se analizaron tres de los aditamentos más utilizados, la copa de hule, el cepillo para profilaxis convencional y el microcepillo ICB, este último para reforzar superficies oclusales con el objetivo de conocer cuál presenta una mayor efectividad en la remoción, se utilizó el cepillo dental convencional como control. Como resultado se observó que el cepillo para profilaxis es el aditamento de mayor eficacia en la remoción del biofilm dental en todas las superficies, con un porcentaje de remoción total de 70,57% con diferencia estadísticamente significativa respecto a los demás aditamentos.
Abstract In pediatric dentistry, a simple procedure that is effective to introduce the child to the environment of the dental office is dental prophylaxis, at the same time it is indispensable for the removal of the dental biofilm at a professional level. Three of the most frequently used additives, the rubber cup, the conventional prophylaxis brush and the ICB microbrush were analyzed, the latter to reinforce occlusal surfaces in order to know which one has a greater effectiveness in the removal, the conventional toothbrush as control. As a result, the prophylaxis brush is the most effective additive in the removal of dental biofilm on all surfaces, with a total removal percentage of 70.57%, with a statistically significant difference with respect to the other accessories.
Resumo Em odontologia pediátrica é um procedimento simples que é eficaz para introduzir a criança para o ambiente de escritório dental é profilaxia dentária, embora seja essencial para a remoção do biofilme dental profissionalmente. Três dos adjuvantes mais vulgarmente utilizados foram analisados, a taça de borracha, o convencional profilaxia e ICB microbrush última escova de reforçar superfícies de oclusão, a fim de saber qual tem uma remoção mais eficaz, a escova de dentes convencional é utilizada como controlo. A profilaxia escova resultante é a remoção mais eficaz de biofilme em todas as superfícies, com uma percentagem de remoção total de 70,57%, com diferen estatisticamente significativa relativamente aos outros adjuntos.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Higiene Bucal , Placa Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Produtos para Higiene Dental e BucalRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether late bedtime and short nighttime sleep duration at age 18 months are associated with risk of caries in deciduous teeth. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based cohort study using health check-up data of 71 069 children born in Kobe City, Japan, who were free of caries at age 18 months and had information on sleep variables at age 18 months and records of dental examinations at age 3 years. Sleep variables were assessed by standardized parent-reported questionnaires, and the incidence of caries in deciduous teeth was defined as the occurrence of at least 1 decayed, missing, or filled tooth assessed by qualified dentists without radiographs. Logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of late bedtime and short sleep duration on dental caries with adjustment for clinical and lifestyle characteristics. RESULTS: Overall, 11 343 (16.0%) cases of caries were observed at age 3 years. aORs for children with late or irregular bedtimes compared with those with bedtimes before 21:00 were 1.26 (95% CI 1.19-1.33), 1.48 (1.38-1.58), 1.74 (1.58-1.92), 1.90 (1.58-2.29), and 1.66 (1.53-1.81) for bedtimes at 21:00, 22:00, 23:00, 0:00, and irregular bedtime, respectively. aORs for children with short or irregular sleep duration compared with those with sleep duration of ≥11 hours were 1.30 (95% CI 1.15-1.47), 1.16 (1.09-1.24), 1.11 (1.05-1.18), and 1.35 (1.25-1.46) for sleep duration of ≤ 8, 9, 10 hours, and irregular sleep duration, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory study, late bedtime and short sleep duration were both consistently associated with increased risk of caries in deciduous teeth.
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Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Privação do Sono/complicações , Dente Decíduo , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Japão , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Higiene BucalRESUMO
Abstract The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve in México holds genetic richness and endemism for the genus Jatropha, but the specific use of the plants and the seed chemical profiles are still unknown. We recorded the traditional forms of use of Jatropha species, and analyzed the chemical composition of Jatropha spp. seeds. For this, a semi-structured survey was conducted in 15 towns, and 20 interviews were applied in each one between May and August 2012 to estimate the Significant Use Level and Relative Use Value per species. Besides, seeds from J. neopauciflora, J. rufescens, and J. rzedowskii were collected between August and October 2013, and to seed flour samples we determined total lipids by the Soxhlet method, crude protein by the Kjendahl method, and ashes according to AOAC methods; fatty acid profile and phorbol esters were determined by gas chromatography and by HPLC, respectively. The species J. neopauciflora, J. oaxacana, J. rufescens, J. ciliata, and J. rzedowskii, are used as traditional medicine, food, and ornaments, except for J. ciliata, for which none use was recorded. The Significant Use Level as food was found not significant, but for medicinal purposes, J. neopauciflora obtained the highest Relative Use Value (9.0 %). The latex is used to treat 13 disorders, including dental problems and oral diseases with a Significant Use Level of 32.9 %; it is also used as a hemostatic. The protein content among species varied from 23.37 to 26.06 %, and total lipids from 34.79 to 36.60 %. The principal unsaturated fatty acids were oleic (25.08 to 30.09 %) and linoleic (44.55 to 48.46 %), and the saturated fatty acids were palmitic (10.11 to 16.50 %) and stearic (9.47 to 11.15 %). Phorbol esters, the main cause of seed's toxicity, were absent in J. neopauciflora, J. rufescens, and J. rzedowskii. In conclusion, the Significant Use Level of Jatropha species studied was low, with little cultural acceptance and sporadic utilization. The Relative Use Value was important for medicinal purposes, especially for J. neopauciflora. The dehulled seeds of J. neopauciflora, J. rufescens, and J. rzedowskii are potentially useful as food, having high protein contents, and unsaturated oleic and linoleic fatty acids. With this study we report three non-toxic Jatropha species and recommend to scientifically validate the antimycotic use of J. neopauciflora latex. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(1): 266-279. Epub 2018 March 01.
Resumen La Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, México contiene riqueza genética y endemismo para el género Jatropha, pero se desconoce el uso específico de las plantas y la composición química de la semilla. Documentamos las formas tradicionales de uso de las especies de Jatropha y, analizamos la composición química de las semillas de las especies de Jatropha. En 15 comunidades se aplicaron 20 entrevistas semiestructuradas entre mayo y agosto de 2012 para estimar el Nivel de Uso Significativo y el Valor de Uso Relativo por especie. Se colectó semilla solo de J. neopauciflora, J. rufescens, y J. rzedowskii entre agosto y octubre de 2013 para determinar mediante los métodos de la AOAC, el contenido total de lípidos en una muestra de 3 g de harina mediante el método de Soxhlet, proteína cruda en una muestra de harina de 0.4 g por el método Kjendahl y ceniza en una muestra de 5 g de harina. El perfil de ácidos grasos se determinó por cromatografía de gases y el contenido de ésteres de forbol mediante HPLC. Las especies registradas fueron J. neopauciflora, J. oaxacana, J. rufescens, J. rzedowskii y J. ciliata, que se usan en medicina tradicional, alimento y como ornamental, excepto J. ciliata, para la cual no se reportó ningún uso. El Nivel de Uso Significativo como alimento no fue importante, pero para propósitos medicinales J. neopauciflora tuvo el mayor Valor de Uso Relativo (9.0 %). El látex es usado para tratar 13 trastornos, incluyendo problemas dentales y enfermedades bucales con un Nivel Significativo de Uso de 32.9 %; y también es usada como hemostático. El contenido de proteína entre especies varió de 23.37 a 26.06 % y los lípidos totales variaron de 34.79 a 36.60 %. Los principales ácidos grasos insaturados fueron oleico (25.08 a 30.09 %) y linoleico (44.55 a 48.46 %); los ácidos grasos saturados fueron palmítico (10.11 a 16.50 %) y esteárico (9.47 a 11.15 %). No se detectó la presencia de ésteres de forbol (la causa principal de la toxicidad de la semilla) en J. neopauciflora, J. rufescens, y J. rzedowskii. En conclusión, el Nivel de Uso Significativo de las especies de Jatropha fue bajo, con poca aceptación cultural y utilización esporádica. El Valor de Uso Relativo fue importante para propósitos medicinales, especialmente para J. neopauciflora. Las semillas sin testa de J. neopauciflora, J. rufescens, y J. rzedowskii son potencialmente útiles como alimento por su alto contenido de proteínas, ácidos grasos insaturados oleico y linoleico. Se identificaron tres especies no toxicas de Jatropha. Se recomienda validar científicamente el uso antimicótico del látex de J. neopauciflora.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the level of knowledge and difficulties concerning hospitalized patients regarding preventive oral health measures among professionals working in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). STUDY POPULATION AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 71 health professionals working in the ICU. A self-administered questionnaire was used to determine the methods used, frequency, and attitude toward oral care provided to patients in Brazilian ICUs. The variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentages). A one-sample t-test between proportions was used to assess significant differences between percentages. t-statistics were considered statistically significant for P < 0.05. Bonferroni correction was applied to account for multiple testing. RESULTS: Most participants were nursing professionals (80.3%) working 12-h shifts in the ICU (70.4%); about 87.3% and 66.2% reported having knowledge about coated tongue and nosocomial pneumonia, respectively (P < 0.05). Most reported using spatulas, gauze, and toothbrushes (49.3%) or only toothbrushes (28.2%) with 0.12% chlorhexidine (49.3%) to sanitize the oral cavity of ICU patients (P < 0.01). Most professionals felt that adequate time was available to provide oral care to ICU patients and that oral care was a priority for mechanically ventilated patients (80.3% and 83.1%, respectively, P < 0.05). However, most professionals (56.4%) reported feeling that the oral cavity was difficult to clean (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The survey results suggest that additional education is necessary to increase awareness among ICU professionals of the association between dental plaque and systemic conditions of patients, to standardize oral care protocols, and to promote the oral health of patients in ICUs.
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Dentro de los procesos patológicos bucales, la caries dental constituye una enfermedad de alta prevalencia, siendo prevenible con medidas de higiene bucal fácilmente adquiribles desde temprano en la vida. Desde los 90 en Chile se ha direccionado la instalación del hábito del cepillado dental diario, al menos 2 veces al día, con pasta fluorada como medida preventiva en niños de 6 y más años, abarcando luego a párvulos, según la evidencia disponible. Objetivo Explorar las creencias, conocimientos y prácticas de los padres y/o apoderados de preescolares de 2 y 3 años, de una comuna urbana de la región metropolitana Lo Prado. Método Investigación cualitativa, con diseño descriptivo de una muestra no probabilística, homogénea, de 14 apoderados mediante entrevistas en profundidad. Resultados Los resultados de las descripciones hechas por las madres y/o padres de los párvulos generó categorías: 1) importancia de la salud bucal y su cuidado; 2) encargado del cuidado de la salud bucal; 3) uso de pasta de dientes fluoradas; 4) percepción de la salud bucal del párvulo; 5) uso de estímulos positivos o negativos asociados; y 6) necesidad de mayor información para el cuidado de la salud bucal. Conclusiones La salud bucal se percibe correlacionada con una buena apariencia, siendo importante una buena higiene para lograrla, a lo que se suma el consumo de pocos hidratos de carbono. Las mujeres son las encargadas de transmitir el conocimiento, enseñar y supervisar la higiene de los menores, quedando el resto de la familia relegada a un plano de apoyo.
Among oral pathologies, dental caries is the one that is easy to prevent with dental hygiene measures. Since the 1990's, oral health education has aimed at instilling the habit of tooth brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste to prevent this disease. However, there is a need to understand the effect of the context on the expected outcomes. Objective This study aimed to determine the oral health practices of parents of pre-school children in an urban community of the Metropolitan Region of Chile, Lo Prado. Method This was a qualitative study with a descriptive design, and a non-probabilistic sample of 14 parents, using in-depth interviews. Results The analysis of the results was performed starting from transcription and codification of the descriptions made by the mothers, generating categories: (1) Oral health care, (2) persons in charge of teaching the tooth brushing habit, (3) use of fluoride dentifrices, (4) perception of oral health status, (5) associated positive or negative stimuli, and (6) the need for more information on oral health issues. Conclusions Oral health is perceived to correlate with a good appearance, and to attain it, a good oral hygiene is considered important, along with a reduction in the amount of carbohydrates ingested. Women are the ones that are socially in charge of the establishment and maintenance of this habit.
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Higiene Bucal/psicologia , Saúde Bucal , Pais/psicologia , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to identify dental hygiene themes voiced by adults and teenagers of Mexican origin [or Mexican Americans (MAs)] and place these themes within the larger landscape of oral health and dental care perceptions. METHODS: Interviews with urban-based MAs were analyzed to identify barriers, beliefs, and behaviors influencing engagement in dental hygiene practices. RESULTS: Adult (n = 16, ages 33-52) and teenage (n = 17, ages 14-19) MAs reported themes pertaining to structural factors (financial and economic-related barriers, the dual challenges of reduced access to care vis-à-vis successfully navigating the dental care system, and the effects of reduced social support derived from migration) and to individual factors (different agendas between MAs and health systems for dental care utilization and indications for oral self-care, including limited dental hygiene instruction from professionals and larger impacts from school-based and mass media). Also, prior experiences with dental hygiene, prevention, and associated themes were characterized by a range of attitudes from fatalistic to highly determined agency. Good family upbringing was instrumental for appropriate dental hygiene, anteceding good oral health; and outlining a loose structure of factors affecting oral health such as diet, having "weak" teeth, or personal habits. CONCLUSIONS: Themes from adults and teenagers in the Midwest United States were generally similar to other groups of MA parents and younger children. Dental hygiene was not salient relative to other oral health and dental care matters. Several opportunities for improvement of knowledge and enhancing motivation for dental hygiene practices were identified, both within and outside professional resources.
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Serviços de Saúde Bucal/organização & administração , Americanos Mexicanos , Saúde Bucal , Higiene Bucal , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Apoio Social , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Introducción: acciones como la promoción de la salud contribuyen contribuyen al incremento de la esperanza de vida, con el constante aumento en el número de personas ancianas. Objetivo: Determinar el perfilepidemiológico de salud bucodental en un grupo de adultos mayores del estado de Hidalgo. Metodología: Estudio observacional, prolectivo, transversal y descriptivo en 102 adultos mayores del estado de Hidalgo. La evaluación de higiene bucal se realizó con el IHOS,la experiencia de caries con el CPOD, caries radicular con el índice de Katz (ICR) y las periodontopatías con el índice de Russell (IP). Resultados: El valor del IHOS de los adultos mayores fue de 1.7 (± 0.8); en los > 70 años de edad, la higiene bucodental es defi ciente(p < 0.04). El promedio del índice CPOD fue de 19.7 (± 6.1), la categoría más alta del índice fue diente perdido (11.1 ± 9.2); por sexo se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente signifi cativas en cariado (p < 0.002) y perdido (p < 0.04). La caries radicular fue de 24.9 por ciento (IC95 por ciento 20.7-29.1), aun cuando no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas se observa que, el ICR es mayor en: sexo masculino (28.3 por ciento; IC95 por ciento 21.1-35.5), mayores de 70 años (25.9 por ciento; IC95% 19.7-32.1) y escolaridad > 6 años (25.5 por ciento; IC95 por ciento 15.0-36.0)...
Introduction:Actions such as promoting health help increase life expectancy and contribute to the ever-increasing number of seniors in our society. Objective: To determine the epidemiological profi le of bucco-dental health in a group of senior citizens from the state of Hidalgo. Methodology: We carried out a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, prolective study involving 102 senior citizens from the state of Hidalgo. The subjects oral hygiene was evaluated using the Simplifi ed Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S); their history of caries using the DMFT Index; root caries using Katzs root caries index (RCI); and periodontal diseases using Russells periodontal index (PI). Results:The value of the OHI-S of the subjects was 1.7 (± 0.8); at > 70 years old, bucco-dental hygiene was defi cient (p < 0.04). The average DMFT Index was 19.7 (± 6.1); the highest category in the index was tooth loss (11.1 ± 9.2). There were statistically signifi cant differences between the sexes in terms of caries (p < 0.002) and tooth loss (p < 0.04). The prevalence of root caries was 24.9% (IC95% 20.7-29.1). Though there were no signifi cant statistical differences, we did fi nd the RCI to be higher in males (28.3%; IC95% 21.1-35.5), people over 70 (25.9%; IC95%19.7-32.1), and people with > 6 years of formal education (25.5%; IC95% 15.0-36.0).
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Assistência Odontológica para Idosos/métodos , Doenças Periodontais/epidemiologia , Perda de Dente/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Transversais , Índice CPO , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Educação em Saúde Bucal/métodos , México , Estudo Observacional , Índice de Higiene Oral , Índice Periodontal , Raiz Dentária/lesões , Interpretação Estatística de DadosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major health problems, especially in low-income populations with little access to dental care. Low-cost models for treatment of periodontal disease have not been tested in controlled studies in low-income populations. Dental prophylaxis, which includes removal of supragingival calculus and plaque, has been shown to arrest the progression of periodontitis. A controlled clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect of dental prophylaxis on periodontitis in T2DM. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with T2DM and chronic periodontitis (CP) and 26 without T2DM with CP were selected. Periodontal probing depth (PD), gingival bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), and surfaces with plaque were recorded at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months after initial treatment. All the participants received instructions on oral hygiene and one session of dental prophylaxis at baseline and every 3 months. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured at baseline and every 3 months in patients with T2DM. RESULTS: A significant improvement of PD, BOP, and sites with plaque was observed 3 months after treatment in patients with T2DM (P = 0.001). In controls, mean PD significantly improved after 6 months compared with baseline (P = 0.001). No significant improvement of CAL occurred in either group. No significant differences in periodontal parameters between the groups were detected, and no participant showed progression of CP during the 9-month study period. Dental prophylaxis did not influence HbA1c levels, and no association among HbA1c concentration, pretreatment metabolic status, and severity of CP was found. CONCLUSION: Routine prophylaxes every 3 months significantly improve periodontal health and prevent progression of CP in both poorly controlled and well-controlled patients with T2DM.
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Periodontite Crônica/prevenção & controle , Profilaxia Dentária , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Periodontite Crônica/classificação , Cálculos Dentários/prevenção & controle , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Índice de Placa Dentária , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Dieta , Progressão da Doença , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Seguimentos , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atividade Motora , Higiene Bucal/educação , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/classificação , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/prevenção & controle , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal/classificação , Bolsa Periodontal/prevenção & controle , FumarRESUMO
Se realizó una investigación descriptiva, longitudinal y prospectiva en la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente "Mártires del Moncada" de Santiago de Cuba en el período comprendido desde septiembre de 2010 hasta julio de 2012, a fin de evaluar la evolución de 17 pacientes tratados con implantes roscados marca MIS, con abutmen o atache de bola, cargados inmediatamente, para lo cual se convirtió la misma prótesis que portaban en una sobredentadura mandibular soportada en la mucosa y retenida por el implante, pues su aparato protésico convencional carecía de la funcionalidad deseada. La rehabilitación con ese tipo de sobredentadura fue efectiva en aquellos pacientes con problemas en los principios biomecánicos de retención y estabilidad, así como también en los que presentaban una buena disponibilidad de hueso y en los que se colocaron implantes de mayor longitud, todos los cuales respondieron mejor al tratamiento; por consiguiente, se elevó su calidad de vida al proporcionarles confort y seguridad con el uso de su aparato protésico.
A descriptive longitudinal and prospective study was conducted in "Martires del Moncada" Provincial School of Dentistry of Santiago de Cuba from September 2010 to July 2012 in order to evaluate the progress of 17 patients treated with threaded implants MIS, abutmen or ball attachment, immediately loaded, for which the same prosthesis became a mandibular overdenture supported on the mucosa and retained by the implant, because their conventional prosthetic device lacked the desired functionality. The rehabilitation with this type of overdenture was effective in those patients with compromised biomechanical principles of retention and stability, as well as in those having a good bone availability and in those with greater length implants, thus responding better to treatment. Therefore, their quality of life increased by providing comfort and safety with the use of this prosthetic device.
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Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo para describir la evolución de 55 pacientes tratados con 65 implantes unitarios de carga inmediata (marca MIS o Nano), colocados sobre huesos cicatrizados en la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente de Santiago de Cuba durante el período comprendido desde septiembre de 2010 hasta enero de 2012. Entre los criterios más desfavorables para considerar la estética inadecuada en algunas restauraciones, sobresalieron el color y la posición de estas; asimismo, la higiene bucal deficiente, la masticación de alimentos duros y la no asistencia a los controles clínicos fueron las indicaciones más incumplidas. La rehabilitación con implante unitario de carga inmediata resultó exitosa en 86,2 % de los integrantes de la casuística y 38 de ellos (74,5 %) se mostraron satisfechos con los resultados terapéuticos de la técnica, cuya aplicación contribuyó a la integridad biopsicosocial y calidad de vida de los pacientes.
A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out to describe the progress of 55 patients treated with 65 immediately loaded single implants (MI or Nano types), placed on healed bones in the Teaching Provincial Stomatological Clinic in Santiago de Cuba during the period from September, 2010 to January, 2012. Among the most unfavorable approaches to consider the inadequate aesthetics in some restorations, there were the color and their positions; also, the scarce buccal hygiene, the chewing of hard foods and the non attendance to the clinical appointments were the most unfulfilled indications. The rehabilitation with immediately loaded single implant was successful in 86.2% of the members of the case material and 38 of them (74.5%) were satisfied with the therapeutic results of the technique which application contributed to the bio psychosocial integrity and life quality of the patients.
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O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a conduta de gestantes atendidas em consultórios médicos de um município do Sul do Estado de Minas Gerais frente ao tratamento odontológico. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo com 100 gestantes que procuraram atendimento médico em consultórios particulares e do SUS de Alfenas (MG). As entrevistas foram realizadas através da aplicação de questionários contendo 18 questões cada um. Foi observado que a maioria das gestantes realizam três escovações/ dia e utilizam o fio dental de 2 a 3 vezes ao dia. Vinte e dois por cento das entrevistadas acusou sensibilidade à escovação, trinta e cinco por cento, sangramento fácil e vinte e quatro por cento apresentou gengiva edemaciada e medo da exposição aos raios X. Concluiu-se que as gestantes apresentam bons hábitos de higiene bucal, contudo sentem medos e desconfortos relacionados a procedimentos odontológicos.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of pregnant women from a city of southern state of Minas Gerais during dental treatment. A quantitative Cross-sectional study was mad with 100 pregnant patients who were seeking medical care in private and NHS Alfenas-MG. The interviews were realized through questionnaires containing 18 questions. The results show that most patients carry three brushings / day and use dental floss 2-3 times a day. Also, 22% of them accused sensitivity brushing, 35% and 24% easy bleeding, swollen gums and fear of the exposure to X-ray. The conclusion was that pregnant women have good oral hygiene habits, but feel fear and discomfort related to dental procedures.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Higiene Bucal , Assistência Odontológica , GestantesRESUMO
Con el propósito de describir la prevalencia de caries y enfermedad periodontal en estudiantes de odontología y determinar la asociación con variables demográficas, se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal. La muestra se seleccionó por muestreo probabilístico estratificado y correspondió a 234 estudiantes del programa de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena. Las mediciones clínicas se realizaron a través de los índices: COP, ICDAS II, INTCP y de higiene bucal simplificado de Green y Vermillion. Además se midió la edad, sexo y estrato socioeconómico. Se realizó análisis univariado (distribuciones de frecuencia y promedios), análisis bivariados y se usó la prueba estadística X² para la significancia estadística. La prevalencia general de experiencia de caries en los sujetos participantes fue de 55,9 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento; 49-62), al mostrarse mayor prevalencia de las lesiones precavitacionales. En cuanto al COP-S, el promedio fue de 10,1 (DE= 5,5), al observarse más alto para el grupo de estudiantes mayores de 26 años (p= 0,05) y en estudiantes que pertenecen al estrato 1 (bajo) (p= 0,03). Se presentó una alta carga de morbilidad bucal, pero según la gravedad de la mayoría de los eventos, estos se encuentran en etapa inicial, lo que permitió un diagnóstico oportuno para evitar su progresión(AU)
We propose to describe the prevalence of caries and periodontal disease in dental students and to determinate the association with demographic variables. A cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample was selected stratified probability style and corresponded to 234 students in the University of Cartagena Dentistry. The clinical measurements were made through the levels COP, ICDAS II, INTCP, simplified oral hygiene Green and Vermillion. In addition, measured the age, sex and socioeconomic stratum. We performed univariate analysis (frequency distributions and averages) and bivariate analysis using the X² test statistic for statistical significance. The overall prevalence of caries experience in the subjects involved was 55.9 percent (95 percent CI 49-62), being higher initial injuries. On the COP-S, the average was 10.1 (SD= 5.5), even observe higher for the group of students over 26 years (p= 0.05) and students who belong to layer one (low) (p= 0.03). Students presented a high burden of oral disease, but according to the severity of most events, these are early stage, allowing prompt diagnosis to prevent progression of these patology(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Higiene Bucal , Doenças Periodontais/diagnóstico , Estudantes de Odontologia , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
Las patologías que caracterizan el perfil de salud enfermedad bucal en la población venezolana resultan fácilmente prevenibles con el fomento de las medidas de higiene bucal. En las comunidades rurales que no cuentan con asistencia odontológica, el fomento de estas medidas debe ser propuesto tomando en consideración las características sociales y culturales de sus pobladores. Esta investigación se propone conocer cuales son las técnicas de higiene bucal alternativas que utilizan las familias en la parroquia Los Nevados, comunidad rural que se encuentra ubicada en el Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada del estado Mérida. Es una investigación cualitativa etnográfica, por lo tanto de campo, con un diseño descriptivo transeccional univariable, un muestreo no probabilístico, tomando 14 familias como unidad de análisis, que habitan en las aldeas mas retiradas, el Hatico y Las Plumas. El análisis de los resultados se realizó a partir de la reconstrucción de categorías explicativas. Los resultados muestran que las prácticas alternativas para la higiene bucal en esta comunidad son: los enjuagues bucales con agua, del dedo índice, el trapo, la arena del río y los palitos de madera, los cuales surgen como un mecanismo para satisfacer una necesidad, y no como costumbre. El cepillo dental es ampliamente conocido pero su uso lo limita la pobreza material que predomina en esta población. El hilo dental y los enjuagues bucales resultan completamente desconocidos
Pathologies that characterize the profile of health-sickness in Venezuelan population are easy to prevent with the broadcasting of dental hygiene measures. In rural communities lacking of dental assistance, the broadcasting of these measures must be proposed taking into account the social and cultural characteristics of the population. This research aimed to know the alternative dental hygiene techniques used by families in the parish of Los Nevados, a rural community located in the National Park Sierra Nevada in Mérida State. This was a qualitative ethnographic research with a descriptive univariable design with a non probabilistic sample of 14 families as analysis unit. Those families live in El Hatico and Las Plumas which are quite far away from town. The analysis of the results was performed starting from reconstruction of the explicative categories. Results show that alternative practices for oral hygiene in these communities are: oral rinsing with water, index finger, a piece of clothe, sand from the river and some wood sticks which arise like a mechanism to satisfy a need and not like a habit. The tooth brush is widely know but its use is limited by poverty in the population. Dental floss and oral rinsing products are completely unknown
Assuntos
Escovação Dentária/métodos , Saúde Bucal , Higiene Bucal , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal DomiciliarRESUMO
La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad endocrina metabólica que afecta a varios órganos de la economía, y la cavidad bucal no está exenta de ella. Se presentan los resultados de una investigación de intervención, longitudinal y prospectiva desarrollada en la Clínica Estomatológica "Guamá" del municipio Pinar del Río, durante el año 2008, con una muestra de 137 pacientes diabéticos, pertenecientes a los Consultorios Médicos 272, 264 y 265 atendidos en la Clínica Estomatológica "Guamá" a los que se les constató un nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal insuficiente, lo que motivó aplicar un programa educativo con el objetivo de elevar el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal. Para ello se elaboró una encuesta de 10 preguntas que se aplicó, antes y después del desarrollo del programa, el cual se fue cumplimentando semanalmente a través de la aplicación de técnicas afectivas participativas. Los resultados obtenidos fueron registrados en una base de datos del sistema estadístico STATISTIC, aplicándoseles estimaciones puntuales de frecuencias relativas para el análisis estadístico descriptivo y la prueba Chi cuadrado en su variante tabla de contingencia para el análisis estadístico inferencial. Se corroboró que el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal de los pacientes diabéticos incluidos en la investigación antes de la aplicación del programa educativo era insuficiente (51%) con predominio de personas con niveles primario (29.1%), y posteriormente a ello se logró elevar significativamente (90,5%) constatándose una gran aceptación del programa por parte de los pacientes.
Diabetes Mellitus is an endocrine-metabolic disease which affects several organs and oral cavity is not an exception. At "Guama" Dentist's Clinic an intervention, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective research was conducted in 2008, Pinar del Rio municipality and the results were presented. The sample was comprised of 137 diabetic patients belonging to Medical Offices No-272, 264 and 265 attending to "Guama" Dentist Clinic, their level of knowledge about oral health was insufficient; thus a survey of 10 questions was applied before and after the development of the program. This program was implemented weekly by means of participative techniques. Corroborating that the level of knowledge about oral health of diabetic patients included in the research before the application of the educative program was insufficient, and after putting the program into practice the level of knowledge increased significantly, verifying that it was very successful with the patients. The results obtained were recorded in a database of the statistical system, score estimations of relative frequencies to perform the descriptive and the chi square test in its variable of contingency table to the inferential statistical analysis.
RESUMO
Objetivo: A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar a apresentação comercial de 15 escovas dentais destinadas ao público infantil. Metodologia: As escovas foram adquiridas em diferentes pontos de venda na cidade de Belo Horizonte, MG. Foram avaliados: fabricante, dureza das cerdas, instruções sobre o uso do produto, indicação de idade, tempo de uso, desenhos de personagens infantis, selo da Associação Brasileira de Odontologia (ABO), preço, material utilizado no cabo, comprimento das cerdas (mm) e presença de corante nas cerdas. Resultados: Um total de 87% das escovas informava sobre a necessidade de troca a cada 3 meses, 73% instruíam sobre uso, 47% possuíam o selo da ABO, 60% apresentavam desenhos infantis e 73% possuíam cerdas de 10 mm de comprimento. O preço variou entre R$1,00 a R$8,55. Conclusão: Os fabricantes utilizaram estratégias publicitárias para atrair as crianças e motivar o consumo, mas muitas escovas não apresentaram informações importantes como selo da ABO, instruções de uso, tempo de uso e idade indicada. O reforço e a orientação do dentista são fundamentais para motivar o paciente sobre a higiene bucal adequada.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the commercial characteristics of 15 dental toothbrushes used by children. Methods: Toothbrushes were purchased in different locations of Belo Horizonte city, MG. Collected data included: manufacturer, instructions for use, indication of age, expiration date, decorative characters, quality control stamp by the Brazilian Dental Association (ABO), price, handle material, bristle length (mm), color, and presence of bristles with color change. Results: Toothbrushes displayed information to change toothbrush every three months (87%), instructions for use (73%), ABO stamp (47%), decorative characters (60%), and 10mm length bristles (73%). Prices varied from R$1,00 to R$8,55. Conclusion: The manufacturers used commercial appeal strategies to attract consumers and motivate sales. However, many toothbrushes did not show important information such as the ABO stamp, instructions for use and age recommendation. The dentist should motivate and instruct patients for an ideal oral hygiene protocol.
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar/normas , Marketing , Estratégias de SaúdeRESUMO
Este trabalho buscou identificar, ao longo do tempo, os tipos de auxiliares em odontologia que influenciaram a construção de perfis para a regulamentação da profissão do Técnico em Higiene Dental no Brasil. Para tanto, embasou-se em levantamento de bibliografia nacional e estrangeira; em análise dos textos fundamentais da década de 60 e 70, para captura do espírito de cada época e das influências da mesma sobre o monopólio do exercício da odontologia, e em entrevistas com especialistas que vivenciaram o período em recorte. A partir da compreensão histórica dos tipos básicos e da observação de alterações ou inovações apontadas na divisão social do trabalho em odontologia, objetivou-se examinar os quatro perfis do THD desenhados no Brasil e propostos pelos Plano de Reorganização da Atenção Básica; Consolidação das Normas do Conselho Federal de Odontologia; Classificação Brasileira das Ocupações e Projeto de Lei 00003/2007, este último em trâmite no Senado para sua definitiva aprovação. Os perfis foram observados sob a luz das potenciais possibilidades de contribuição do THD na assistência restauradora, na prevenção às doenças e na promoção de saúde bucal, que, de acordo com experimentos clássicos sobre aumento de produtividade, justificariam ou não sua utilização no âmbito da assistência, em especial, na estratégia de Saúde da Família respondendo as necessidades sociais. Concluiu-se que todos os perfis exigem reparos, e que o desenho do perfil apresentado pelo PL 00003/2007 não se adequa ao objetivo de conferir a este profissional atribuições potencializadoras de ganhos econômicos para o sistema assistencial, além de limitar o profissional em suas funções assistenciais e preventivas.
This work aimed to identify basic types of dental auxiliaries that influenced the Dental Hygiene Technician (THD) in Brazil throughout the history. In order to achieve this, it searched national and international literature, analyzed documents of outstanding importancefrom the 60s and 70s to capture the feelings and influences of each period. Besides, interviews were done with experts who lived in each period. From a historical understanding of those basic types of dental auxiliaries this work examined Dental Hygiene Technicianprofiles in Brazil, as proposed by the Plano de Reorganização da Atenção Básica; Consolidação das Normas of the Federal Council of Dentistry; Brazilian Classification of Occupations and Law Project No 00003/2007. The last is still in the Senate for final approval. The profiles were observed to investigate possible contribution of the THD on clinical services, and prevention and promotion of oral health, which would or would not justify their useaccording to classic experiments regarding productivity, It was concluded that all profiles need changes, and the profile showed in PL 00003/2007 does not fit the objective to give thisprofessional tasks economic gains for the care system, in addition to limit the professional in their functions and preventive care.