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BACKGROUND: It is necessary to analyze and monitor the facial growth of orofacial cleft patients. The documentation should therefore begin before and after primary surgeries. Technological evolution has transformed plaster models into 3D images through scanners that allow rational storage, manipulation, and rotation without the possibility of breakage or damage. Based on this fact, this narrative review aims to provide a feature on the three-dimensional tools available for the assessment of dental arches in children with orofacial cleft and mixed dentition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three databases were chosen (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) and keywords were used to select papers. RESULTS: During the database screening, 292 potentially relevant papers were found. After removing duplicates, titles, and abstracts, 32 papers presented qualifications for analysis. Through evaluating each document by reading it one by one, 24 papers fulfilled the eligibility criteria. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that digital tools-i.e., benchtop scanners which evaluate the dental arches of children with cleft lip, palate, and mixed dentition-are reproducible and reliable, without the use of ionizing radiation, allow storage, manipulation with sustainability, and help preserve the environment.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the variations of hard palate volume in adults with normal occlusion and different facial types and patterns, by using a three-dimensional analysis on digital casts. Methods: The dental casts of 70 Caucasian adults (28 men, 42 women), mean age of 16.4 years (SD 1.3 years), were scanned by using a tridimensional scanner (Delcam PowerSHAPE™, 2010, Birmingham, UK). Close points were selected in the gingival and cervical regions on the lingual surface of the maxillary teeth, to analyze palatal morphology. The facial patterns and types, and the measurements (width, length, height, volume) of the space on the hard palate were compared using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with age as the covariate, and sex as the independent variable. The significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) was adopted. Results: This study showed that the measurements of the width and length were similar among the mesofacial, dolichofacial and brachyfacial facial types, although the height and volume of the space on the hard palate were slightly smaller in dolichofacial individuals, and both Pattern I and Pattern II individuals showed no significant changes for the four measurements. The mean values among facial patterns were: Pattern I - width 38.31±2.59 mm; length 37.44±2.42 mm; height 17.03±2.42 mm and volume 10.52±1.72 mm3; Pattern II - width 37.48±2.44 mm; length 37.48±2.44 mm; height 16.79±2.42 mm and volume 10.41±1.65 mm3 (p>0.05 for all variables). Conclusion: There were no significant differences for the facial patterns and facial types of the individuals compared in the analyzed sample.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as variações do volume do palato duro em adultos com oclusão normal e diferentes tipos e padrões faciais, por meio de análise tridimensional em modelos digitais. Métodos: Os modelos das arcadas dentárias de 70 adultos caucasianos (28 homens, 42 mulheres), média de idade de 16,4 anos (DP 1,3 anos), foram digitalizados usando um scanner tridimensional (Delcam PowerSHAPE™, 2010, Birmingham, Reino Unido). Pontos próximos foram selecionados nas regiões gengival e cervical na superfície lingual dos dentes superiores, para analisar a morfologia palatina. Os padrões e tipos faciais e as medidas (largura, comprimento, altura, volume) do espaço no palato duro foram comparados por meio de análise de covariância (ANCOVA), com a idade como covariável e o sexo como variável independente, a um nível de significância de 5% (p< 0,05). Resultados: O presente estudo mostrou que as medidas de largura e comprimento foram semelhantes entre os tipos faciais mesofacial, dolicofacial e braquifacial, embora a altura e o volume do espaço no palato duro tenham sido ligeiramente menores nos indivíduos dolicofaciais, e tanto os indivíduos do Padrão I quanto do Padrão II não apresentaram alterações significativas para as quatro medidas. Os valores médios entre os padrões faciais foram: Padrão I - largura 38,31±2,59 mm, comprimento 37,44±2,42 mm, altura 17,03±2,42 mm, volume 10,52±1,72 mm3; Padrão II - largura 37,48±2,44 mm, comprimento 37,48±2,44 mm, altura 16,79±2,42 mm, volume 10,41±1,65 mm3 (p>0,05 para todas as variáveis). Conclusão: Não houve diferenças significativas para os padrões faciais e tipos faciais dos indivíduos comparados na amostra analisada.

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SUMMARY: Enlarged palatine tonsils and adenoids are thought to cause obstruction of the upper airway, triggering changes in breathing patterns, which in turn lead to dentofacial alterations, including malocclusions. The object of the present study was to correlate the size (grade) of the palatine tonsil with measurements of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches in children. This was an observational cross-sectional study carried out in 35 children aged between 6 and 11 years. The inter- and intra-arch parameters were measured (horizontal, vertical and sagittal analyses) by making plastercasts and then taking measurements with callipers. The tonsil size was classified in 5 grades from 0-4, using the Brodsky tonsil grading scale. The researcher was calibrated prior to carrying out the measurements. Pearson's chi-squared test was used and Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated. The SPSS v.22.0 software was used, with a significance threshold of 5 %. Six patients were classified as grade 1, sixteen grade 2, eleven grade 3, two grade 4 and none of the patients presented grade 0.A low positive association was found between tonsil grade and the total length of the mandibular arch, a very low positive association between tonsil grade and maxillary inter-first premolar distance, total length of the maxillary arch and depth of the palatine recess.A very low negative association was found for tonsil grade and overjet, overbite, mandibular inter-permanent first molar distance, mandibular inter-first premolar distance, and mandibular and maxillary intercanine widths. No statistically significant correlation was observed for any of the measurements. No association was found between the tonsil grade and Angle's Classification, canine relationship, overjet and overbite. According to the results of this study there is no significant correlation between the dental arches and the tonsil grade.

RESUMEN: Se ha considerado que el grado del tamaño de las tonsilas palatinas y los adenoides pueden ser factores que generan obstrucción de la vía aérea superior, desencadenando cambios en el patrón de respiración, lo que provoca alteraciones dentofaciales, entre ellas, maloclusiones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue correlacionar el grado tonsilar palatino con medidas de los arcos dentales maxilar y mandibular en niños. Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal. Fueron incluidos 35 niños entre 6 y 11 años de edad. Fueron medidos parámetros interarco e intra-arco (análisis transversal, vertical, sagital). Para eso fueron tomados modelos de yeso y luego las medidas fueron realizadas con un caliper. El grado tonsilar fue clasificado en 5 grados (0-5), de acuerdo a la escala de graduación de Brodsky. Para la realización de las mediciones el evaluador fue previamente calibrado. Se realizó la prueba Chi-cuadrado de Pearson, y coefi- ciente de correlación de Pearson. Se utilizó el software SPSS 22.0, considerándose umbral de significación de 5 %. Seis pacientes fueron clasificados en grado 1, dieciséis grado 2, once grado 3, dos grado 4 y ningún paciente presentó grado 0. Se encontró una asociación positiva baja entre grado tonsilar y la longitud total del arco mandibular, positiva muy baja entre grado tonsilar y distancia inter-primer premolar maxilar, longitud total del arco maxilar y profundidad de la bóveda palatina. Una asociación negativa muy baja fue encontrada para el grado tonsilar y overjet, overbite, distancia inter-primer molar permanente mandibular, distancia inter- primer premolar mandibular, ancho intercanino mandibular y maxilar. Se observó ausencia de correlación estadísticamente significativa para todas las medidas. No se encontró asociación entre el grado tonsilar y clase molar de Angle, relación canina, overjet y overbite. Según los resultados de este estudio no se aprecia una correlación significativa entre los arcos dentales y el grado tonsilar.

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In compressed dental arches with mild to moderate crowding, space can be gained during the alignment phase to help improve tooth location. The aim of this study was to compare transverse measurements before and after the alignment stage in two groups: Group A treated with passive selfligating brackets, (Damon System) and Group B with conventional brackets (Roth philosophy). The change in transverse diameter between teeth was measured on dental casts taken before and after orthodontic alignment. Twenty four patients of both sexes aged 13 to 36 years, with moderate tooth crowding (4 to 6 mm), were treated. They all received treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires. Patients were distributed randomly into two groups of 12. No extraction was performed until the end of the alignment. Dental casts were measured before and after alignment. The distance between upper first premolars increased more in Group B (p = 0.008), and the distance between canines was higher in Group B, with statistically significant difference (p < 0.01). Both systems enable tooth alignment by increasing transverse diameter of the arches in patients with mild to moderate crowding. The greatest transversal development occurs in the interpremolar area in both techniques and is significantly higher with selfligating orthodontics. Intercanine distance increases significantly with conventional orthodontics compared to selfligating orthodontics.

En las arcadas dentarias comprimidas, con apiñamiento dentario de leve a moderado, es posible obtener ganancia de espacio que favorezca la ubicación de las piezas en la fase de alineación por remodelación alvéolodentaria de las arcadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las diferencias pre y post tratamiento en la etapa de alineación de los grupos A: brackets autoligables pasivos, (Sistema Damon) y grupo B: brackets convencionales (Filosofía de Roth). Se evaluaron las variaciones en el diámetro transversal, antes y después de alinear ortodón cicamente los dientes, utilizando modelos de estudio. Participaron 24 pacientes de ambos sexos, entre 13 y 36 años con apiñamiento dentario moderado (entre 4 y 6 mm) tratados en la Cátedra de Ortodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Los pacientes fueron distribuidos al azar en dos grupos de 12 pacientes cada uno. No se realizaron exodoncias hasta finalizar la alineación. Se midieron los modelos pre y post alineación. La distancia entre primeros premolares superiores aumentó en el grupo A más que en el B (p=0.008) y entre caninos fue mayor en el grupo B, con diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p< 0,01). En pacientes con apiñamiento leve a moderado, la expansión con ambos sistemas permite la alineación dentaria por aumento del diámetro transversal de las arcadas fundamentalmente en el área premolar. El mayor desarrollo transversal se produce en el área premolar para ambas técnicas y es significativamente mayor con ortodoncia autoligable. En ortodoncia convencional, aumenta significativamente la distancia intercanina en comparación con la autoligable.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare arch widths of patients with isolated Robin sequence (IRS) operated using modified von Langenbeck technique and modified Furlow double-opposing z-plasty. DESIGN: Retrospective, transversal study. SETTING: Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. PATIENTS: Three groups of patients were analyzed. Group VL comprised 30 patients with IRS operated by von Langenbeck technique (mean age of 8.1 years); group FL included 30 patients with IRS operated by Furlow technique (7.6 years); and the control group included 30 noncleft patients with class I occlusion (7.4 years). The palate repair was performed between 1.0 and 1.7 years of age in both study groups. Transversal measurements of maxillary and mandibular arches were performed digitally on 3D digital models. STATISTIC: The intergroup comparison was performed using analysis of variance and Tukey test. An independent t test was used to compare the complete and incomplete types of cleft in both study groups. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between the VL and FL groups for maxillary and mandibular arches. However, both groups showed decreased transversal dimensions compared with the control group (P < .01) for both dental arches. No differences for arch widths were observed for complete or incomplete palatal clefts. CONCLUSIONS: No influence of palate repair techniques was observed in the transversal arch widths in patients with IRS. Children with IRS operated for palate repair showed constriction of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches compared with noncleft children regardless the palatal cleft extension.

RESUMO

In compressed dental arches with mild to moderate crowding, space can be gained during the alignment phase to help improve tooth location. The aim of this study was to compare transverse measurements before and after the alignment stage in two groups: Group A treated with passive selfligating brackets, (Damon System) and Group B with conventional brackets (Roth philosophy). The change in transverse diameter between teeth was measured on dental casts taken before and after orthodontic alignment. Twenty four patients of both sexes aged 13 to 36 years, with moderate tooth crowding (4 to 6 mm), were treated. They all received treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires. Patients were distributed randomly into two groups of 12. No extraction was performed until the end of the alignment. Dental casts were measured before and after alignment. The distance between upper first premolars increased more in Group B (p = 0.008), and the distance between canines was higher in Group B, with statistically significant difference (p < 0.01). Both systems enable tooth alignment by increasing transverse diameter of the arches in patients with mild to moderate crowding. The greatest transversal development occurs in the interpremolar area in both techniques and is significantly higher with selfligating orthodontics. Intercanine distance increases significantly with conventional orthodontics compared to selfligating orthodontics (AU)

En las arcadas dentarias comprimidas, con apiñamiento dentario de leve a moderado, es posible obtener ganancia de espacio que favorezca la ubicación de las piezas en la fase de alineación por remodelación alvéolodentaria de las arcadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las diferencias pre y post tratamiento en la etapa de alineación de los grupos A: brackets autoligables pasivos, (Sistema Damon) y grupo B: brackets convencionales (Filosofía de Roth). Se evaluaron las variaciones en el diámetro transversal, antes y después de alinear ortodón cicamente los dientes, utilizando modelos de estudio. Participaron 24 pacientes de ambos sexos, entre 13 y 36 años con apiñamiento dentario moderado (entre 4 y 6 mm) tratados en la Cátedra de Ortodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Los pacientes fueron distribuidos al azar en dos grupos de 12 pacientes cada uno. No se realizaron exodoncias hasta finalizar la alineación. Se midieron los modelos pre y post alineación. La distancia entre primeros premolares superiores aumentó en el grupo A más que en el B (p=0.008) y entre caninos fue mayor en el grupo B, con diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p< 0,01). En pacientes con apiñamiento leve a moderado, la expansión con ambos sistemas permite la alineación dentaria por aumento del diámetro transversal de las arcadas fundamentalmente en el área premolar. El mayor desarrollo transversal se produce en el área premolar para ambas técnicas y es significativamente mayor con ortodoncia autoligable. En ortodoncia convencional, aumenta significativamente la distancia intercanina en comparación con la autoligable (AU)

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A película adquirida do esmalte (PAE) é um filme orgânico, livre de bactérias, formado in vivo como resultado da adsorção seletiva de proteínas salivares sobre a superfície do dente, contendo também glicoproteínas e lipídeos. A presença de proteínas na PAE forma uma interface protetora sobre a superfície do dente, participando em todos os eventos interfaciais que ocorrem na cavidade bucal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar alterações no perfil proteico da PAE formada in vivo de acordo com a sua localização nos arcos dentários. Fizeram parte da pesquisa 9 voluntários, com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, não fumantes, com bom estado de saúde geral e bucal. A película adquirida foi formada no período da manhã, por 120 minutos, após profilaxia com pedra pomes. Películas formadas nas regiões anterior vestibular superior e inferior (ULALa; dentes 13-23 e 33-43), anterior palatina superior (UAPa; dentes 13-23), anterior lingual inferior (LALi; dentes 33-43), posterior vestibular superior e inferior (ULPLa; dentes 14-17, 24-27, 34-37 e 44-47), posterior palatina superior (UPPa; dentes 14-17 e 24-27) e posterior lingual inferior (LPLi; dentes 34-37 e 44-47) foram coletadas separadamente para análise. Após a sua formação, a película foi coletada em papel filtro embebido em ácido cítrico a 3% e processada para análise por LC-ESI-MS/MS. Os espectros MS/MS obtidos foram confrontados com bases de dados de proteínas humanas (SWISS PROT). A quantificação livre de marcadores foi feita utilizando o software PLGS. Um total de 363 proteínas foi encontrado, sendo 252 proteínas únicas de cada grupo e 25 proteínas comuns entre eles (como Protein S100-A8, Lysozyme C, Lactoferrin, Sthatherin, Ig alpha-2 chain C, ALB protein, Myeloperoxidase and Submaxillary gland androgen-regulated protein 3B). Na análise quantitativa, nove comparações foram realizadas e muitas proteínas foram diferentemente expressas entre os grupos, demonstrando assim que a localização na cavidade bucal pode alterar a composição da película adquirida do esmalte. Foram encontradas tanto proteínas típicas da película quanto proteínas não anteriormente descritas na película, cuja função na película foi inferida com base na literatura. Em conclusão houve diferença na composição proteica da película adquirida de acordo com a localização dos arcos dentários. Esses dados devem ser levados em conta quando se pensa no potencial protetor da película adquirida contra a desmineralização dentária, uma vez que esses resultados fornecem informações importantes para a compreensão dos diferentes papeis protetores da AEP dependendo da sua localização nos arcos dentários.(AU)

The acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) is a bacteria-free organic film formed in vivo as a result of selective adsorption of salivary proteins on the surface of the tooth. It also contains glycoproteins and lipids. The presence of proteins in the AEP forms a protective interface on the tooth surface that participates in the interfacial events that occur in the oral cavity. The objective of this study was to detect changes in the protein profile of the AEP formed in vivo according to its location in the dental arches. Nine volunteers, aged 18 to 35 years, non-smokers, with good general and oral health participated in the study. The acquired pellicle was formed in the morning, for 120 minutes, after prophylaxis with pumice. Pellicle formed at upper and lower anterior labial (ULALa; teeth 13-23 and 33-43), upper anterior palatal (UAPa; teeth 13-23), lower anterior lingual (LALi; teeth 33-43), upper and lower posterior labial (ULPLa; teeth 14-17 24 to 27, 34 to 37 and 44 to 47), upper posterior palatal (UPPa; teeth 14 to 17 and 24 to 27) and lower posterior lingual (LPLi; teeth 34 to 37 and 44 to 47) regions was collected separately for analysis. After its formation, the pellicle was collected with filter paper soaked in 3% citric acid and processed for analysis by LC-ESI-MS/MS. The MS/MS spectra obtained were compared with human protein databases (SWISS PROT). Label-free quantification was done using the PLGs software. A total of 363 proteins were found, of which 252 are unique proteins for one of the regions, while 25 proteins care to all of them, including Protein S100-A8, Lysozyme C, Lactoferrin, Sthatherin, Ig alpha-2 chain C, ALB protein, Myeloperoxidase and Submaxillary gland androgen-regulated protein 3B. In the quantitative analysis, 9 comparisons were made and many proteins were differently expressed among the groups, thus demonstrating that the location in the dental arches can change the composition of the AEP. Some proteins not previously found in the AEP were identified and their function in the AEP was inferred from the literature. In conclusion, the composition of the AEP changes as a function of its location in the dental arches. These data should be taken into account when we think about the protective potential of the acquired pellicle against tooth demineralization and provide important insights for understanding the differential protective roles of the AEP as a function of its location in the dental arches.(AU)

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O trabalho objetiva analisar e discutir a importância da Odontologia na identificação humana através dos arcos dentários. Além do aspecto preventivo e o curativo, o aspecto legal procura normatizar o próprio exercício da profissão nos seus vários ângulos, no diagnóstico de danos com vistas ao seu ressarcimento ou, mais especificamente, a própria identificação de indivíduos. O aspecto pericial se desdobra em diversas espécies de exames possíveis tendo como base a cavidade oral, desde o exame direto de um arco dentário até a pesquisa de DNA das amostras colhidas nessa cavidade natural, mesmo as marcas de mordida, ocorridas em áreas da superfície corpórea, trazem detalhes dos arcos que a provocaram, contribuindo no processo de identificação.

The work aims to analyze and discuss the importance of the dentistry in human identification through dental arches. In addition to the preventive aspect and the bandage, the legal aspect seeks to standardize the practice of the profession in their various angles, the diagnosis of damage to your compensation or, more specifically, the identification of individuals. The forensic aspect unfolds in several species of possible examinations based on the oral cavity, since the direct examination of a dental arch to the DNA of the samples taken in this natural cavity, even the bite marks, occurred in areas of the body surface, bring details of the bows that provoked, contributing in the identification process.

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Introducción: el conjunto de características fenotípicas se pueden agrupar y además determinar el peso individual y colectivo que tienen a la hora de definir un biotipo. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (MES) se basa en relaciones causales en las que el cambio de una variable se supone que produce un cambio en otras variables. Con este modelo se validaron las relaciones causales a partir de diferentes tipos de variables mediadoras: fuerza de mordida, medidas transversales, arcos dentales, anchura bicigomática y altura morfológica de la cara. Métodos: el estudio incluyó 197 preadolescentes entre 12 y 14 años en condiciones de neutroclusion dental. El 33% mestizos, 35% afrodescendiente y 32% indígenas. El modelo hipotético fue puesto a prueba estadísticamente a través del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: existe un buen ajuste del modelo a los datos puesto que los indicadores de bondad de ajuste como el RMSEA = 0,078, la magnitud del índice RMR = 0,061 y el CIF = 0,988 estuvieron en el umbral esperado. Los parámetros fueron significativos, al nivel del 5%, a excepción del índice facial con la fuerza de mordida. Las cargas factoriales oscilan entre 0,55 y 0,92 y una carga factorial negativa entre el índice facial y las medidas transversales del arco dental (-0,60). Conclusión: el modelo evidencia que la variable latente que más se correlaciona con el biotipo facial es la fuerza de mordida (0,82), seguida de la relación con los arcos dentales (0,73), siendo esta una correlación moderada.

Introduction: the various phenotypic characteristics may be grouped; also, their individual and collective influence may be determined when defining a biotype. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is based on causal relations so that the change in a variable is supposed to produce a change in another variable. This model was used to validate causal relations using different types of mediating variables: masticatory force, transverse measures, dental arches, bizygomatic width, and morphological face height. Methods: this study included 197 preteens between 12 and 14 years of age with dental neutroclusion, distributed like this: 33% mestizos, 35% of African descent, and 32% indigenous. The hypothetical model was statistically tested through structural equation modeling. Results: the model is well fitted to the data since goodness of fit indicators such as RMSEA = 0.078, RMR index magnitude = 0.061, and CIF = 0.988 were within the expected limits. The parameters were significant to a 5%, except for facial index with masticatory force. Factor loads ranged from 0.55 to 0.92 and negative factor loads between the facial index and dental arch transverse measures (–0.60). Conclusion: this model shows that the variable that best correlates with facial biotype is masticatory force (0.82), followed by dental arches relation (0.73), this being a moderate correlation.

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Objetivo: o presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de discutir a atuação do odontolegista no âmbito criminal, com intuito de trazer à comunidade acadêmica informações relevantes sobre o assunto. Revisão de literatura: a atuação do profissional especialista em Odontologia Legal restringe-se à análise, perícia e avaliação de eventos relacionados com a área de competência do cirurgião-dentista e é regulada pelos artigos 63 e 64 da Resolução CFO - 63/2005. O odontolegista pode atuar, no âmbito criminal, na identificação no vivo, no cadáver e em perícias antropológicas. A cavidade oral apresenta um grande potencial para a identificação, e a atuação do especialista em Odontologia Legal é de extrema importância, na medida em que o exame de um corpo por meio da boca e das arcadas dentárias pode ser fundamental em uma perícia criminal, sendo a análise odontológica um meio muito utilizado. Considerações finais: o cirurgião-dentista deve ser cuidadoso ao guardar o prontuário, as radiografias e os modelos em gesso dos pacientes, além de anotar todas as informações, pois podem servir futuramente para a identificação positiva de vítimas.

Objective: the present work was conducted with the purpose of discussing the performance of the forensic dentist in the criminal scope, with the intention of exposing the academic community to relevant information about this subject. Literature review: the performance of the specialist in forensic dentistry is restricted to analysis, report, and evaluation of events related to the dentist's area of competence, and sections 63 and 64 of Resolution CFO - 63/2005 regulate it. The forensic dentist may perform in the criminal scope, live identification, as well as on the body, and in anthropological reports. The oral cavity has great identification potential and the forensic dentist performance is very important since examining the body through the mouth and dental arches might be essential for the criminal report, hence dental analysis is widely used. Final considerations: the dentist must be careful in keeping medical records, radiographs, and dental casts of patients by writing down all relevant information, for they may be useful in the future for positive identification of victims.

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OBJETIVO: avaliar as alterações dimensionais do arco dentário maxilar de crianças portadoras de fissuras labiopalatinas, na fase de dentadura decídua completa, através de um estudo comparativo. METODOLOGIA: foram estudadas as distâncias entre caninos e entre molares em 64 crianças fissuradas, formando o grupo de estudo, e 20 crianças sem deformidades, formando o grupo controle, na faixa etária entre 3 e 6 anos. O grupo de estudo incluiu 23 crianças com fissura transforame incisivo unilateral completa, 14 com fissura transforame incisivo bilateral completa, 15 com fissura pré-forame incisivo e 12 com fissura pós-forame incisivo. Após a obtenção de modelos em gesso, foram demarcados os pontos necessários para que as mensurações pudessem ser realizadas. As medidas foram executadas duas vezes pelo mesmo examinador em oportunidades diferentes, utilizando um paquímetro digital (Mitutoyo), sendo registrada a média aritmética. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística (Teste F Anova no procedimento Tukey-Kramer). CONCLUSÕES: as fissuras transforame incisivo, unilaterais ou bilaterais, por romperem totalmente a maxila, foram as que apresentaram alterações da distância entre caninos, comprometendo significantemente sua dimensão transversal anterior, na fase de dentadura decídua.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in maxillary transversal arch dimension in children with cleft lip and palate, during the complete deciduous dentition period, by a comparative study. METHOD: This study examined the intercanine and intermolar widths in 64 children with cleft lip and palate, as a study group, and 20 children presenting no deformities as a control group. Children were from 3 to 6 years old. The study group comprised 23 children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 14 with bilateral cleft lip and palate, 15 with cleft lip (CL) and 12 with cleft palate (CP). Dental casts were obtained from both groups and the main points were marked for measurement. Using a digital caliper (Mitutoyo) the same examiner measured each cast twice at different moments and recorded the arithmetic mean. The results were subjected to statistical analysis (Anova F test within Tukey-Kramer procedure). CONCLUSIONS: The UCLP and BCLP presented intercanine width changed, affecting significantly the anterior maxillary transversal dimension during the deciduous dentition period, because they broke the whole maxillary structure.

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