RESUMO

A presença das bicicletas em Fortaleza, uma capital brasileira que tem ampliado a oferta de rotas cicláveis, ciclovias e ciclofaixas, é notada em diversas regiões da cidade e pode ser percebida como elemento fundamental na paisagem e tem forte influência nas alterações do tecido urbano de Fortaleza, desde a intensa manifestação cidadã em sua defesa como meio de transporte ou através da arte urbana. O estudo baseia-se em pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental, com observação participante e realização de grupo focal; traz reflexões sobre a bicicleta como bem simbólico, como elemento comunicativo, indutor do direito à cidade e instrumento de desenvolvimento urbano sustentável. Dialogando com Armando Silva (2014), Jane Jacobs (2011), Michel Maffesoli (2014), Fernanda Sánchez (2010), Jean-Mar Besse (2014), arguimos a importância do artefato bicicleta como elemento dinâmico na composição da paisagem cultural de Fortaleza.

The presence of bicycles in Fortaleza, a Brazilian capital that has expanded the offer of cycling routes, cycle paths and cycle lanes, is noted in several regions of the city and can be perceived as a fundamental element in the landscape and has a strong influence on changes to the urban fabric of Fortaleza, from the intense citizen demonstration in defense of it as a means of transport or through urban art. The study is based on exploratory, bibliographic and documentary research, with participant observation and focus groups; brings reflections on the bicycle as a symbolic asset, as a communicative element, an inducer of the right to the city and an instrument of sustainable urban development. Dialoguing with Armando Silva (2014), Jane Jacobs (2011), Michel Maffesoli (2014), Fernanda Sánchez (2010), Jean-Mar Besse (2014), we argue the importance of the bicycle artifact as a dynamic element in the composition of the cultural landscape of Fortaleza.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Species lists are fundamental for knowledge of species diversity in regions subject to intense anthropogenic pressure, especially in poorly-studied ecosystems. The dataset comes from an inventory conducted in 30 fragments of Myrtaceae swamp forest, located in an agroforestry matrix landscape of the coastal La Araucanía Region in Chile. The data collection was carried out using line transect sampling, which was traced through the core of each fragment orientated towards its longest axis. The dataset provides a record of 55 species (24 trees, 1 vine [as a host], 16 herbs and 15 shrubs) including accidental epiphytes (n = 7), hemiparasites (n = 4), host (n = 10) and additionally woody debris (n = 36). The most frequent trees in the landscape were Myrceugenia exsucca (n = 36 records) and Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii (n = 33 records), species that were also the most common hosts. Drimys winteri was a companion species, other trees and shrubs generally being rarely observed, as was the case of the introduced species (Prunus avium, Rubus constrictus and Ulex europaeus). Branches were the most common microhabitat for hemiparasites. Within this group, Lepidoceras chilense was the most frequent species. For accidental epiphytes, Drimys winteri, which commonly grows on the ground (soil), were the most common species found in the main trunk crotch. Some unusual observations were the climber Cissus striata as host of Tristerix corymbosus (hemiparasite) and Tristerix corymbosus as host of Lepidoceras chilense (hemiparasite). NEW INFORMATION: This study represents a landscape-scale sample of the swamp forest, which is distributed in a dispersed pattern over a large stretch of Chile. The data were collected from 30 forest patches (from 0.05 to 936 ha), located on the coast of the Araucanía. The database includes the presence of 55 species of vascular plants in 356 records. The main novelty of this contribution is the systematic classification of species under six traits, never before reported in the same database: (i) condition (coarse woody debris, fallen log, live, snag), (ii) habit (herb, shrub, tree), (iii) growth microhabitat (e.g. tree trunk, branch, main trunk crotch), (iv) growth form (accidental epiphyte, hemiparasite, terricolous, vegetative), (v) host species (as appropriate) and (vi) relative location of the species in the sampled patch and surrounding areas (core, border, matrix). Species not previously observed in these forests were: Gavilea spp., Hieracium spp., Lophosoria quadripinnata, Berberis actinacantha, Gaultheria phillyreifolia, Ovidia pillo-pillo, Amomyrtus meli and Caldcluvia paniculata. In addition, two introduced species are novelties for the catalogue of vascular plants of Chile (Cupressus macrocarpa and Prunus avium). Several of these ecosystem traits are indeed new reports for these types of forests (e.g. accidental epiphytes, fallen logs, species-host relationship); at the same time, more frequent data (i.e. species composition, habit) are found in different contributions, making the comprehensive process of analysis difficult. Accordingly, the database is made available in this manuscript.

RESUMO

El documento describe cómo han sido los patrones de migración interna en los municipios que conforman la región del Paisaje Cultural Cafetero de Colombia, tomando como referencia los movimientos recientes de población a partir del censo general de 2005 realizado por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Se usaron algunas representaciones cartográficas y sociogramas para mostrar las redes de movilidad, los sentidos y la magnitud de los flujos migratorios. Los resultados indican ciertas tendencias de recomposición poblacional que debilitan la estructura demográfica en algunos municipios al tiempo que se refuerza el efecto de concentración urbana de las ciudades principales y las zonas conurbadas. Los focos receptores de migrantes son especialmente las ciudades capitales de la región y los distritos urbanos de Medellín, Bogotá y algunos municipios del Valle y el Tolima.

The paper describes some attributes concerning the internal migration patterns in the municipalities located in a specific Colombian region known as the Coffee Cultural Landscape. The recent moves from the general population census of 2005 conducted by the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística were taken into account. Sociograms and cartographic representations were used to show mobility networks, senses and magnitude of migration flows. The results indicate some trends associated with the population rebuilding phenomenon. On the one hand, they are able to languish the demographic structure in some municipalities while, at the other hand, the effect of urban concentration and its conurbations in major cities is reinforced. The main receptor focuses of migrants are especially concentered in the capital cities of the region and at the urban districts of Medellín, Bogotá and some municipalities of Valle and Tolima.

O documento descreve como têm sido os padrões de migração interna nos municípios que compõem a região da Paisagem Cultural Cafeeira da Colômbia, tendo como referente as recentes movimentações de população de acordo com o censo geral de 2005 feito pelo Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Assim, foram usadas algumas representações cartográficas e sociogramas para mostrar as redes de mobilidade, os sentidos e a magnitude dos fluxos migratórios. Os resultados mostram certas inclinações de recomposição populacional, que por um lado languidescem a estrutura demográfica em alguns municípios enquanto é reforçado o efeito de concentração urbana das cidades principais e as zonas conurbadas. Os focos receptores de migrantes são especialmente as cidades capitais da região e os distritos urbanos de Medellin, Bogotá e alguns municípios do Valle e o Tolima.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O reconhecimento do patrimônio pelo conceito de paisagem cultural já é difundido na Europa pela Convenção da UNESCO de 1992, mas ainda é recente no Brasil, com a chancela do IPHAN em 2009 e sua aplicação em 2011, nos núcleos rurais de imigração alemã de Rio da Luz e Testo Alto, em Santa Catarina. Este estudo tem o objetivo de evidenciar alternativas para a gestão de tal área, e os resultados, obtidos através da metodologia de apoio à decisão (MCDA-C), aplicada à Superintendência do IPHAN, apontam a continuidade da atividade familiar rural como fundamental para que a paisagem cultural seja preservada e valorizada.

The cultural heritage recognition through the concept of cultural landscape is already widespread in Europe since 1992 UNESCO Convention, but it is recent in Brazil, with the label created by IPHAN in 2009 and its implementation in 2011, in the rural german immigration areas called Rio da Luz and Testo Alto, in Santa Catarina. This study aims to show alternatives for the management of these areas and the results obtained through the multicriteria methodology for decision aiding (MCDA-C) applied with IPHAN managers demonstrate the continuity of rural family activity as fundamental for the cultural landscape preservation.

RESUMO

O reconhecimento do patrimônio pelo conceito de paisagem cultural já é difundido na Europa pela Convenção da UNESCO de 1992, mas ainda é recente no Brasil, com a chancela do IPHAN em 2009 e sua aplicação em 2011, nos núcleos rurais de imigração alemã de Rio da Luz e Testo Alto, em Santa Catarina. Este estudo tem o objetivo de evidenciar alternativas para a gestão de tal área, e os resultados, obtidos através da metodologia de apoio à decisão (MCDA-C), aplicada à Superintendência do IPHAN, apontam a continuidade da atividade familiar rural como fundamental para que a paisagem cultural seja preservada e valorizada.(AU)

The cultural heritage recognition through the concept of cultural landscape is already widespread in Europe since 1992 UNESCO Convention, but it is recent in Brazil, with the label created by IPHAN in 2009 and its implementation in 2011, in the rural german immigration areas called Rio da Luz and Testo Alto, in Santa Catarina. This study aims to show alternatives for the management of these areas and the results obtained through the multicriteria methodology for decision aiding (MCDA-C) applied with IPHAN managers demonstrate the continuity of rural family activity as fundamental for the cultural landscape preservation.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

El presente análisis geográfico se orienta al aporte y esclarecimiento sobre la composición y estructuración del paisaje cultural cafetero, proceso de larga duración que contempla la metamorfosis de la naturaleza a un ambiente "humanizado" en las áreas de vertiente de los Andes centrales colombianos. Desde este enfoque, se enuncia una mirada retrospectiva general del proceso de construcción social de estos territorios andinos y las transformaciones ocurridas en ellos.

The present geographical analysis is geared towards clarifying the cultural coffee landscape composition and structure, long-term process which involves the metamorphosis of nature in a "humanized" environment in the mountainous areas of the central Colombian Andes. From this approach, the article announces a general retrospective focus on the social construction process of these Andean territories and the changes in them.

Assuntos