RESUMO
The prion protein (PrPC) binds copper and affects copper metabolism, albeit among a poorly understood functional landscape. Much of the data on physiological roles of PrPC were obtained in mice of mixed genetic background deficient of the PrPC-coding gene Prnp. This strategy is currently under scrutiny due to the flanking gene problem, in particular related with a polymorphism, typical of both the 129Sv and 129Ola mouse substrains, in the Sirpa gene located in the vicinity of Prnp. Here we report an investigation of biochemical properties of Cu(I)-ATPases as a function of genotype in two strains of PrPC-deficient mice. We found that both the brain and liver of Prnp-null mice of mixed B6;129Sv background had diminished activity, accompanied by increased catalytic phosphorylation of Cu(I)-ATPase, as compared with the respective wild-type animals. However, no such differences were found between Prnp-null and wild-type mice of a B10;129Ola background. Activity of Cu(I)-ATPase was strongly reduced in brain tissue from mice of 129Sv strain, when compared with wild-type either of B6;129Sv, and especially of mice of the B6 strain. No differences between wild-type and Prnp-null brain tissue were noted in the expression of either Atp7a or b genes, and RFLP analysis indicated that the Sirpa129 polymorphism was present in both the B6;129Sv and B10;129Ola Prnp-null mouse colonies used in this study. The results suggest a novel substrain-dependent effect of 129Sv, but not 129Ola, genotype upon the regulation of the Cu(I)-ATPase catalytic cycle in Prnp-null mice, rather than either a Prnp-dependent, or a 129 strain-dependent effect.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , ATPases Transportadoras de Cobre/metabolismo , Proteínas Priônicas/metabolismo , Animais , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Fosforilação , Proteínas Priônicas/genética , Especificidade da EspécieAssuntos
Acidentes por Quedas , Disartria/etiologia , Degeneração Hepatolenticular/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Quelantes/uso terapêutico , Criança , Degeneração Hepatolenticular/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Distúrbios da Fala/etiologia , Oligoelementos/uso terapêutico , Tremor/etiologia , Trientina/uso terapêutico , Zinco/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The COMMD Protein Family is highly conserved among multicellular eukaryotic organisms and many orthologs of human COMMD genes have been found in different species of plants, invertebrates, lower vertebrates, and mammals. COMMD1 is the best characterized member of the family and is conserved among vertebrates. This protein represents a pleiotropic factor involved in the regulation of many cellular and physiological processes that include copper and cholesterol homeostasis, ionic transport, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, protein trafficking, NF-κB-mediated transcription, hypoxia induced transcription, DNA damage response, and oncogenesis. The present work reviews the molecular mechanisms and biological processes regulated by COMMD1 that have been described so far, emphasizing in the regulatory role of the protein and its importance for cellular homeostasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 34-51, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assuntos
Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/fisiologia , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Carcinogênese , Hipóxia Celular , Cobre , Reparo do DNA , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Agregação Patológica de Proteínas , Transcrição GênicaRESUMO
The purpose of this report is to present a short review of the history of Wilsons disease and to describe the first diagnosed case at the Neurologic Clinic of Hospital das Clínicas of São Paulo University Medical School. The topics of the historical review are the first contributions of authors along the second half of the XIX century, the seminal monograph of Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson (1912), the landmarks in the investigation of mechanisms of the disease and the introduction of the first effective treatment by John Walshe (1956). The first case studied in our Clinic, in 1946, was a 20 year-old male whose main neurological manifestations were postural tremor (wing beat) and dysarthria and could be characterized as Westphal-Strümpell form of the disease. Along the discussion of this case difficulties to establish the diagnosis and to treat the patient at that time are highlighted. We conclude with a brief history of the development of researches on Wilsons disease in our Clinic, with an honor to the pioneer contributions of Horácio Martins Canelas.
Neste artigo inicialmente é feito um retrospecto dos principais marcos na história dos conhecimentos sobre a doença de Wilson, desde as primeiras descrições de casos no século XIX, passando pela magnífica monografia de Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson, m 1912, pelas descobertas sobre a causa da doença e chegando à era do tratamento efetivo da moléstia inaugurada por Walshe em 1956. A seguir, relata-se o primeiro caso de doença de Wilson estudado na Clínica Neurológica do HC-FMUSP. O paciente admitido na Clínica Neurológica em 1946, aos 20 anos de idade, apresentava a variante da doença em que predominavam tremor postural e disartria, conhecida como forma de Westphal-Strümpell. Na discussão, são ressaltadas as dificuldades da época para a confirmação do diagnóstico e para o tratamento; além de se realizar um breve histórico do estudo da doença na Clínica Neurológica, com o devido realce para a figura de Horácio Martins Canelas, pela sua participação pioneira nas pesquisas sobre a doença de Wilson em nosso meio.