RESUMO
Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been shown to improve organ dysfunction and survival in patients with thrombotic microangiopathy and thrombocytopenia associated with multiple organ failure. There are no known therapies for the prevention of major adverse kidney events after continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of TPE on the rate of adverse kidney events in children and young adults with thrombocytopenia at the time of CKRT initiation. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. SETTING: Two large quaternary care pediatric hospitals. PATIENTS: All patients less than or equal to 26 years old who received CKRT between 2014 and 2020. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We defined thrombocytopenia as a platelet count less than or equal to 100,000 (cell/mm3) at the time of CKRT initiation. We ascertained major adverse kidney events at 90 days (MAKE90) after CKRT initiation as the composite of death, need for kidney replacement therapy, or a greater than or equal to 25% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate from baseline. We performed multivariable logistic regression and propensity score weighting to analyze the relationship between the use of TPE and MAKE90. After excluding patients with a diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (n = 6) and with thrombocytopenia due to a chronic illness (n = 2), 284 of 413 total patients (68.8%) had thrombocytopenia at CKRT initiation (51% female). Of the patients with thrombocytopenia, the median (interquartile range) age was 69 months (13-128 mo). MAKE90 occurred in 69.0% and 41.5% received TPE. The use of TPE was independently associated with reduced MAKE90 by multivariable analysis (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% CI, 0.20-0.60) and by propensity score weighting (adjusted OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.16-0.59). CONCLUSIONS: Thrombocytopenia is common in children and young adults at CKRT initiation and is associated with increased MAKE90. In this subset of patients, our data show benefit of TPE in reducing the rate of MAKE90.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors associated with mortality for infants receiving dialysis in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). STUDY DESIGN: In this retrospective cohort study, we extracted data from the Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse on all infants who received dialysis in the NICU from 1999 to 2018. Using a Cox proportional hazards model with robust SEs we estimated the mortality hazard ratios associated with demographics, birth details, medical complications, and treatment exposures. RESULTS: We identified 273 infants who received dialysis. Median gestational age at birth was 35 weeks (interquartile values 33-37), median birth weight was 2570 g (2000-3084), 8% were small for gestational age, 41% white, and 72% male. Over one-half of the infants (59%) had a kidney anomaly; 71 (26%) infants died before NICU hospital discharge. Factors associated with increased risk of dying after dialysis initiation included lack of kidney anomalies, Black race, gestational age of <32 weeks, necrotizing enterocolitis, dialysis within 7 days of life, and receipt of paralytics or vasopressors (all P < .05). CONCLUSION: In this cohort of infants who received dialysis in the NICU over 2 decades, more than 70% of infants survived. The probability of death was greater among infants without a history of a kidney anomaly and those with risk factors consistent with greater severity of illness at dialysis initiation.
Assuntos
Doenças do Recém-Nascido , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Peso ao Nascer , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/terapia , Masculino , Diálise Renal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Resumen: Introducción: La sobrecarga hídrica es un fenómeno frecuente cuyo manejo es un elemento clave, ya que se ha relacionado con disfunción orgánica y mayor mortalidad. A la fecha no existe un consenso sobre el manejo óptimo de fluidos para pacientes con lesión renal aguda asociada con complicaciones obstétricas (PR-AKI). Objetivo: Evaluar la sobrecarga hídrica en las pacientes con PR-AKI que requieren terapia de reemplazo renal continua (TRRC). Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, transversal, comparativo. Se realizó una revisión de expedientes de pacientes con PR-AKI y que requirieron TRRC durante el periodo de enero de 2013-diciembre de 2019 en el Hospital de la Mujer de Morelia. Resultados: Ingresaron a la UCI del Hospital de la Mujer 15 pacientes de 2013-2019. La edad promedio fue de 26.15 años. El peso promedio a su ingreso fue de 75.71 kg con un porcentaje de sobrecarga hídrica de 13.7%. La gravedad de las pacientes según la clasificación APACHE II fue de 23.6 puntos. El promedio de la estancia intrahospitalaria dentro de la UCI fue de 13.1 días, mientras que el promedio de ventilación mecánica asistida fue de 7.5 días. Conclusiones: La sobrecarga hídrica de las pacientes con PR-AKI fue de 13.7%; se asocia a mayores días de estancia dentro de la unidad de cuidados intensivos y más días de ventilación mecánica asistida; sin embargo, no es un factor que indique progresión a enfermedad renal crónica o a la muerte en este grupo de pacientes.
Abstract: Introduction: Water overload is a frequent phenomenon whose management is a key element since it has been related to organ dysfunction and higher mortality. To date, there is no consensus on the optimal fluid management for patients with acute kidney injury associated with obstetric complications (PR-AKI). Objective: To evaluate fluid overload in patients with PR-AKI who require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Material and methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, comparative study was carried out. A review of the records of patients with PR-AKI and who required CRRT was carried out during the period of January 2013-December 2019 at the Hospital de la Mujer de Morelia. Results: 15 patients from 2013-2019 were admitted to the ICU of the Women's Hospital. The average age of the patients was 26.15 years. The average weight of the patients upon admission was 75.71 kg with a percentage of fluid overload of 13.7%. The severity of the patients according to the APACHE II classification was 23.6 points. The average hospital stay within the ICU was 13.1 days, while the average assisted mechanical ventilation was 7.5 days. Conclusions: The fluid overload of the patients with PR-AKI was 13.7%; It is associated with longer days of stay within the Intensive Care Unit and more days of assisted mechanical ventilation, however, it is not a factor that indicates progression to chronic kidney disease or death in this group of patients.
Resumo: Introdução: A sobrecarga de água é um fenômeno frequente cujo manejo é um elemento chave, uma vez que tem sido relacionado a disfunções orgânicas e maiores mortalidade. Até o momento, não há consenso sobre o manejo ideal de fluidos para pacientes com lesão renal aguda associada a complicações obstétricas (PR-AKI). Objetivo: Avaliar a sobrecarga de fluidos em pacientes com PR-AKI que requerem terapia de substituição renal contínua (CRRT). Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional retrospectivo, transversal, comparativo. Uma revisão dos prontuários dos pacientes foi realizada com PR-AKI e que exigiu TRRC durante o período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro 2019 no Hospital Feminino de Morelia. Resultados: 15 pacientes de 2013 foram admitidos na UTI do Hospital de la Mujer- 2019. A idade média era de 26,15 anos. O peso médio na admissão era de 75,71 kg com um percentual de sobrecarga hídrica de 13,7%. A gravidade de os pacientes pela classificação APACHE II foi de 23,6 pontos. A média de internação na UTI foi de 13,1 dias, enquanto a média de ventilação mecânica assistida foi de 7,5 dias. Conclusões: A sobrecarga hídrica dos pacientes com PR-LRA foi13.7%; está associado a dias mais longos passados na unidade de cuidados ventilação mecânica intensiva e mais dias assistida; no entanto, não é um fator que indica progressão para doença renal crônica ou morte neste grupo de pacientes.