RESUMO
In this study an avian colisepticemia outbreak was investigated. Two isolates from a chicken with colisepticemia were characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence factors profile. For this purpose 7 antimicrobial and 29 genes (fimH, hrlA/hek, iha, papC, sfa/focCD, tsh, mat, tia, gimB, ibeA, chuA, fyuA, ireA, iroN, irp2, iucD, sitD. chr., sitD. ep., iss, neuC, ompA, traT, astA, hlyA, sat, vat, pic, malX, cvi/cva) were tested. The outbreak happened in a hick chicken breeding located in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul state in South of Brazil and caused 28.3% (102 deads of a total of 360 chickens) of mortality rate. Escherichia coli isolates obtained from the avian spleen and liver belong to the same phylogenetic group A and present resistance to all antimicrobials tested (ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, neomycin, sulfa + trimethoprim, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin). Both isolates harbor virulence factors related to adhesion (fimH, papC, mat), invasion (tia), iron acquisition system (iroN) and serum resistance (iss, ompA, traT), showing that these groups are important for Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC). However, they present different virulence profiles for some genes, whereas liver-isolate carries more hrlA/hek (adhesin), gimB (invasin), sitD ep. (iron acquisition system), sat (toxin) and hylA (toxin) genes, the spleen-isolate harbors fyuA (iron acquisition system) gene. Here, we highlight a coinfection by different strains of APEC in the same animal with colisepticemia, the great antimicrobial resistance of these bacterial isolates and the genetic traits that modulate the virulence for high mortality rate of chickens for human consumption.
Assuntos
Infecções por Escherichia coli/veterinária , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/epidemiologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/microbiologia , Sepse/veterinária , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Galinhas , Surtos de Doenças , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Escherichia coli/patogenicidade , Genes Bacterianos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/mortalidade , Fatores de Virulência/genéticaRESUMO
The objective of this study was to record the occurrence of various outbreaks of coli septicemia in commercial layers in chicken farms in Pernambuco. The clinical symptoms shown were apathy, cyanotic comb and swollen head. Necropsy findings were the formation of caseous bodies in the ovary together with fracturing of the follicle into the peritoneal cavity provoking fibrinous peritonitis and eggs, with soft shells, loose in the cavity. The liver, air sacks and kidneys showed suggestive alterations of septicemia. Fragments of damaged organs were cultured in Levine agar and 5 pure samples of Escherichia coli were isolated and invasion tested. For the evaluation of the invasion test the samples were seeded in MacConkey agar with the addition of Congo Red. For the in vivo pathogenicity test, the samples positive to Congo Red were inoculated into the air sacks of day-old chicks. The outbreaks of colisepticemia observed on the various commercial egg producing farms in Pernambuco were caused by invasive samples of Escherichia coli. This was characterized by the clinical findings, pathology and laboratory tests. Due to the heavy losses in the properties in the study and the resistance of the isolated samples to antibiotics commonly used in the avian industry that the adoption of strict sanitary and hygienic methods is recommended and should be followed by the control of the disease and
Objetivou-se com este estudo relatar a ocorrência de vários surtos de coliseptice-mia em poedeiras comerciais provenientes de granjas do Estado de Pernambuco. Os sintomas clínicos apresentados pelas aves foram: apatia, cristas cianóticas e cabeça inchada. À necropsia observou-se formação de massa caseosa no ovário com rompimento folicular para a cavidade peritoneal provocando um quadro de peritonite fibrinosa, ocorrendo ainda ovos de casca fina soltos na cavidade. O fíga-do, sacos aéreos e rins apresentavam alterações sugestivas de septicemia. Os fragmentos dos órgãos lesados foram cultivados em ágar Levine, isolando-se cinco amostras puras de Escherichia coli que foram submetidas ao teste de invasibilidade. Para a avaliação da invasibilidade, as amostras foram semeadas em ágar MacConkey acrescido de Vermelho Congo. Para o teste de patogenicidade in vivo, as amostras positivas ao Vermelho Congo foram inoculadas no saco aéreo de pintos com 1 dia de idade. Os surtos de colisepticemia observados em várias granjas de postura comercial no Estado de Pernambuco foram causados por amostras invasivas de Escherichia coli caracterizadas pelos achados clínicos, anátomo-patológicos e testes laboratoriais. Devido a grande perda gerada nas propriedades estudadas, e a resistência das amostras isoladas frente aos antibióticos comumente utilizados na avicultura industrial, recomenda-se a adoção
RESUMO
The objective of this study was to record the occurrence of various outbreaks of coli septicemia in commercial layers in chicken farms in Pernambuco. The clinical symptoms shown were apathy, cyanotic comb and swollen head. Necropsy findings were the formation of caseous bodies in the ovary together with fracturing of the follicle into the peritoneal cavity provoking fibrinous peritonitis and eggs, with soft shells, loose in the cavity. The liver, air sacks and kidneys showed suggestive alterations of septicemia. Fragments of damaged organs were cultured in Levine agar and 5 pure samples of Escherichia coli were isolated and invasion tested. For the evaluation of the invasion test the samples were seeded in MacConkey agar with the addition of Congo Red. For the in vivo pathogenicity test, the samples positive to Congo Red were inoculated into the air sacks of day-old chicks. The outbreaks of colisepticemia observed on the various commercial egg producing farms in Pernambuco were caused by invasive samples of Escherichia coli. This was characterized by the clinical findings, pathology and laboratory tests. Due to the heavy losses in the properties in the study and the resistance of the isolated samples to antibiotics commonly used in the avian industry that the adoption of strict sanitary and hygienic methods is recommended and should be followed by the control of the disease and
Objetivou-se com este estudo relatar a ocorrência de vários surtos de coliseptice-mia em poedeiras comerciais provenientes de granjas do Estado de Pernambuco. Os sintomas clínicos apresentados pelas aves foram: apatia, cristas cianóticas e cabeça inchada. À necropsia observou-se formação de massa caseosa no ovário com rompimento folicular para a cavidade peritoneal provocando um quadro de peritonite fibrinosa, ocorrendo ainda ovos de casca fina soltos na cavidade. O fíga-do, sacos aéreos e rins apresentavam alterações sugestivas de septicemia. Os fragmentos dos órgãos lesados foram cultivados em ágar Levine, isolando-se cinco amostras puras de Escherichia coli que foram submetidas ao teste de invasibilidade. Para a avaliação da invasibilidade, as amostras foram semeadas em ágar MacConkey acrescido de Vermelho Congo. Para o teste de patogenicidade in vivo, as amostras positivas ao Vermelho Congo foram inoculadas no saco aéreo de pintos com 1 dia de idade. Os surtos de colisepticemia observados em várias granjas de postura comercial no Estado de Pernambuco foram causados por amostras invasivas de Escherichia coli caracterizadas pelos achados clínicos, anátomo-patológicos e testes laboratoriais. Devido a grande perda gerada nas propriedades estudadas, e a resistência das amostras isoladas frente aos antibióticos comumente utilizados na avicultura industrial, recomenda-se a adoção