RESUMO
Taste changes caused by the use of platinum drugs have been described. However, few studies qualify the impaired tastes and whether these changes are derived exclusively from chemotherapy (QTx). AIMS: Evaluation of changes in sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami tastes in patients receiving QTx with platinum drugs was the aim of this study. METHODS: A total of 43 subjects, 21 from the study group and 22 from the control, were studied in two time periods, one before the start of QTx (T0) and another after two cycles of QTx (T1). The usual dietary intake, body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength and fatigue (through the fatigue pictogram) were evaluated to characterize the group studied. Taste Strips tests were performed for all 4 tastes and umami was studied by comparing Likert's scale using monosodium glutamate (GMS) food. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures (ANOVA), mixed model, with significance level p≤0.05. RESULTS: Salty and sour were the most affected tastes in the study group (p = 0.001 and 0.05); as well as the ionotropic receptors (p = 0.02) responsible for identifying these tastes. There was a difference between the times for BMI, dynamometry and impact in daily activities, by the fatigue pictogram (p = 0.008, 0.009 and 0.006 respectively). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest an important role in altering taste recognition, mainly in salty and sour tastes, identified by ionotropic receptors, which seems to be related to dietary changes. QTx has demonstrated a contribution to impairment of functionality and fatigue.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Compostos de Platina/efeitos adversos , Distúrbios do Paladar/induzido quimicamente , Paladar/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Idoso , Carboplatina/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cisplatino/efeitos adversos , Disgeusia/induzido quimicamente , Disgeusia/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/fisiopatologia , Oxaliplatina/efeitos adversos , Receptores Ionotrópicos de Glutamato/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Ionotrópicos de Glutamato/fisiologia , Receptores de Glutamato Metabotrópico/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Glutamato Metabotrópico/fisiologia , Paladar/fisiologia , Distúrbios do Paladar/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Tem sido relevante o papel das drogas que interferem na atividade tirosina-quinase dos receptores c-kit, no tratamento dos tumores derivados do estroma gastrintestinal (GISTs), sobretudo em tumores volumosos. Relata-se o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 56 anos, obeso, com quadro de peso retoanal associado a tenesmo e à sensação de evacuação incompleta. Foi diagnosticado volumoso GIST de reto inferior de localização posterior, visualizado por ressonância magnética e confirmado por estudo imunoistoquímico em punção-biópsia parassacral, guiada por tomografia. A impressão inicial foi de necessidade de amputação abdômino-perineal do reto, pois havia importante compressão do canal anal e do aparelho esfincteriano. Optou-se, então, por indicação de neoadjuvância com mesilato de imatinibe (Glivec®) na tentativa de preservação esfincteriana. Após quatro meses de tratamento, apresentava, ao toque retal, redução significativa (cerca de 50 por cento) do volume da massa e em menor grau à ressonância magnética. Paciente foi submetido à excisão total do mesorreto e anastomose colo-anal manual, com ileostomia protetora. Evoluiu com necrose do cólon abaixado, tendo sido realizada ressecção do mesmo e colostomia terminal ilíaca. O paciente recusou a se submeter a uma nova tentativa de abaixamento colo-anal, tendo sido fechada a ileostomia e restabelecido trânsito pela colostomia ilíaca. No tratamento dos GISTs de reto muito volumosos ou irressecáveis, deve-se avaliar a indicação pré-operatória do imatinibe, uma vez que a cirurgia radical deve ser sempre indicada, a fim de minimizar a possibilidade de recorrência local.
The role of drugs that intervene with the tirosine kinase activity on the c-kit receptors in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) has been considered very important, mainly in large tumors. We report a case of a male patient, 56 years-old, obese, presenting with feeling of rectal pressure and incomplete evacuation. Work-up revealed a large inferior rectal GIST located in the posterior wall, suspected on MRI and confirmed by immunohistochemical study of a parasacral biopsy guided by tomography. The supposed initial approach was an abdominoperineal resection, since tumor was compressing anal canal and sphincter complex. In order to save the sphincters, we have decided to refer patient to neoadjuvant treatment with imatinib mesylate (Glyvec®). After four months of treatment, a down staging of tumor was observed during rectal exam (about 50 percent), which was smaller on pelvic RNM. Patient was undergone to total mesorectal excision with manual coloanal anastomosis and protective ileostomy. He presented necrosis of mobilized left colon and underwent to resection, and terminal iliac colostomy. Subsequently, patient refused to undergo through a new coloanal anastomosis and remain with iliac colostomy after ileostomy takedown. In the treatment of unresectable or large rectal GISTs, the use of imantinib should be strongly considered, since that radical surgery is the main approach to reduce the possibility of local recurrence.