RESUMO
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) represents â¼33% of those in adolescents and young adults. Hematopoietic cell transplantation in its various practices has been used as a treatment for acute myeloid leukemia, especially in refractory or relapsing patients. In this study, we describe two young adults with AML who were treated at our hospital. One was refractory to conventional treatment and the other case was relapsed after a first complete remission. They achieved complete remission with new combined treatment (venetoclax + cytarabine) consolidating them with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/terapia , Adulto , Compostos Bicíclicos Heterocíclicos com Pontes/administração & dosagem , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Citarabina/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patologia , Masculino , Prognóstico , Indução de Remissão , Terapia de Salvação/métodos , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A 19-month-old girl with the A1555G mitochondrial mutation in the 12S ribosomal RNA gene and acute myelogenous leukemia developed dilated cardiomyopathy and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss before undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. She had received gentamicin during episodes of febrile neutropenia. Testing for the A1555G mutation is recommended in patients frequently treated with aminoglycosides.
Assuntos
Aminoglicosídeos/efeitos adversos , Cardiomiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/induzido quimicamente , Mutação , RNA Ribossômico/genética , Aminoglicosídeos/uso terapêutico , Cardiomiopatias/genética , Feminino , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , LinhagemRESUMO
Here we describe a female patient who developed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) characterized by t(l5;17) translocation at diagnosis. The patient began treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) + chemotherapy. During follow up, the patient was found to be negative for the t(15;17) transcript after 3 months of therapy which remained undetectable, thereafter. However, the emergence of a small clone with a t(8;21) abnormality was observed in the bone marrow and peripheral blood (PB) cells between 3 and 18 months following treatment initiation. The abnormal translocation observed in PB cells obtained at 3 months was detected after the second cycle of consolidation therapy and reappeared at 15 months during maintenance treatment, a period without ATRA. Although based on a single case, we conclude that genetic screening of multiple translocations in AML patients should be requested to allow early identification of other emerging clones during therapy that may manifest clinically following treatment.
RESUMO
As leucemias constituem a neoplasia mais freqüente na infância. São responsáveis por cerca de um terço dos cânceres pediátricos. A leucemia linfocítica aguda (LLA) representa cerca de 75% dos casos de leucemias infantis. As leucemias mielóides agudas (LMA) representam 15% a 20% das leucemias em pacientes com idade inferior a 15 anos. As manifestações clínicas das leucemias agudas são decorrentes da inibição da hematopoiese pelas células leucêmicas e dos efeitos da infiltração leucêmica em diversos órgãos e sistemas. Observa-se anemia devido à diminuição dos eritrócitos, sangramentos decorrentes da trombocitopenia e infecções conseqüentes à neutropenia. A infiltração dos diferentes tecidos resulta em hepatomegalia, esplenomegalia e linfadenomegalia. O diagnóstico das leucemias é firmado pela presença de mais de 25% de células leucêmicas na punção aspirativa de medula óssea (mielograma). O tratamento da LLA é feito com regimes quimioterápicos de longa duração. A indicação do trans- plante de medula óssea durante uma primeira remissão permanece controversa. A probabilidade de cura da LLA pode chegar a 80%. Na LMA, com o uso exclusivo de quimioterapia, a probabi- lidade de sobrevida livre de doença (SLD) por períodos prolonga- dos é de 30% a 40%. Quando se emprega o transplante de medula óssea alogênico, a probabilidade estimada de SLD a longo prazo é de 50% a 60%...(AU)
The leukemias are the most common malignant neoplasm in child- represents 15% to 20% of cases in patients less than 15 years old. The clinical manifestations of acute leukemias are secondary to inhibition of hematopoiesis by leukemic cells and to the effects of leukemic infiltration in different organs and systems. Anemia is caused by reduction of erythrocytes, bleeding is secondary to thrombocytopenia, and infections are related to neutropenie. The infiltration of tissues results in hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy Acute leukemias are diagnosed by abone mar- row aspirate that demonstrates more than 25% of the bone mar- row cells as a relatively homogeneous population of blasts. The treatment of ALL consists of prolonged chemotherapy regimens. The role of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation during first remission remains controversiet. The probability of cure in ALL reaches 80%, In AML, with chemotherapy alone, the probability of long term disease free survival is from 30% to 40%. When bone marrow transplantation is used the estimated probability of prolonged disease free survival is 50% to 60%...