RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the use of early APRV mode as a lung protective strategy compared to conventional methods with regard to ARDS development. METHODS: The study was designed as a randomized, non-blinded, single-center, superiority trial with two parallel groups and a primary endpoint of ARDS development. Patients under invasive mechanical ventilation who were not diagnosed with ARDS and had Lung Injury Prediction Score greater than 7 were included in the study. The patients were assigned to APRV and P-SIMV + PS mode groups. RESULTS: Patients were treated with P-SIMV+PS or APRV mode; 33 (50.8%) and 32 (49.2%), respectively. The P/F ratio values were higher in the APRV group on day 3 (p = 0.032). The fraction of inspired oxygen value was lower in the APRV group at day 7 (p = 0.011).While 5 of the 33 patients (15.2%) in the P-SIMV+PS group developed ARDS, one out of the 32 patients (3.1%) in the APRV group developed ARDS during follow-up (p = 0.197). The groups didn't differ in terms of vasopressor/inotrope requirement, successful extubation rates, and/or mortality rates (p = 1.000, p = 0.911, p = 0.705, respectively). Duration of intensive care unit stay was 8 (2-11) days in the APRV group and 13 (8-81) days in the P-SIMV+PS group (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: The APRV mode can be used safely in selected groups of surgical and medical patients while preserving spontaneous respiration to a make benefit of its lung-protective effects. In comparison to the conventional mode, it is associated with improved oxygenation, higher mean airway pressures, and shorter intensive care unit stay. However, it does not reduce the sedation requirement, ARDS development, or mortality.
Assuntos
Pressão Positiva Contínua nas Vias Aéreas , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório , Humanos , Pulmão , Oxigênio , Respiração Artificial , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/terapiaRESUMO
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is an essential tool in the management of severe respiratory failure, and its use is increasingly frequent in pediatric intensive care units. The main objective of mechanical ventilation is to replace the patients respiratory work, until thepatient is able to perform it by himself. The understanding of pediatric patient physiology, the pathophysiology of the underlying disease or condition, and the knowledge of how the mechanical ventilator operates and its interaction with the patient will lead to a proportionate management with reduced complications and successful extubation. In this article, we will review some aspects of its history, basic physiological concepts, general indications of onset, some modalities of MV, aspects of ventilatory management of obstructive and restrictivepulmonary pathology, and weaning or weaning and extubation.
La ventilación mecánica constituye una herramienta fundamental en el manejo de la falla respiratoria grave, siendo su uso cada vez más frecuente en las unidades de cuidado intensivo pediátrico. El objetivo principal de la ventilación mecánica, es sustituir el trabajorespiratorio del paciente, hasta que éste sea capaz de realizarlo por sí mismo. El entendimiento de la fisiología del paciente pediátrico, lafisiopatología de la enfermedad o condición de base y el conocimiento del funcionamiento del ventilador mecánico y su interacción conel paciente, conducirán a un manejo proporcionado, con disminución de las complicaciones y una extubación exitosa. En este artículo,revisaremos algunos aspectos de su historia, conceptos fisiológicos básicos, las indicaciones generales de inicio, algunas modalidades deVM, aspectos del manejo ventilatorio de la patología pulmonar obstructiva y restrictiva, y el proceso de weaning o destete y extubación.