RESUMO
Resumen ANTECEDENTES: Existen múltiples opciones para practicar una histerectomía: por vía vaginal, abdominal laparotómica, laparoscópica o robótica. En pacientes que van a intervenirse por enfermedad benigna puede hacerse mediante la extirpación del cuerpo uterino (histerectomía parcial o supracervical). La preocupación por la posible aparición de una lesión neoplásica en el muñón cervical remanente ha dado lugar a investigaciones acerca de las ventajas de la exéresis del cuello uterino (histerectomía total). CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 36 años, intervenida para histerectomía supracervical con salpingectomía bilateral laparoscópica, por útero miomatoso sintomático. Posterior a la cirugía apareció una lesión preneoplásica de alto grado; se le indicó conización cervical. CONCLUSIÓN: Algunos expertos advierten que los riesgos de extirpar el cuello uterino son lo suficientemente notables como para optar por la técnica parcial en pacientes sin antecedentes de patología cervical, sobre todo si tienen cuadros adherenciales o endometriosis del tabique rectovaginal. Por el contrario, otros grupos indican que ante la baja tasa de complicaciones de la histerectomía total y la posibilidad de una patología neoplásica posterior, no está justificada la preservación cervical.
Abstract BACKGROUND: There are multiple approaches to perform a hysterectomy; the classic vaginal route, the laparotomic abdominal or the newest endoscopic techniques, such as laparoscopic or robotic. In patients undergoing benign pathology, the technique can only be performed by removing the uterine body (subtotal or supracervical hysterectomy). However, the concern about the possible occurrence of a neoplastic lesion in the remaining cervical stump has led to investigations into the benefits of also performing the cervical exeresis (total hysterectomy). Our goal is to present a review on the current situation of the topic, concluding that there is still no scientific consensus on which technique is the most recommended. CLINICAL CASE: 36-year-old woman who underwent supracervical hysterectomy with laparoscopic bilateral salpinguectomy due to symptomatic myomatous uterus. After surgery, he presented a high-grade preneoplastic lesion, which indicated that cervical conization was indicated. CONCLUSION: Some experts argue that the risks of performing the removal of the cervix are notable enough to indicate subtotal technique in patients without a history of cervical pathology, especially if they have adhesion or endometriosis of the rectovaginal septum. On the contrary, other working groups indicate that cervical preservation is not justified due to the low complication rate of the total hysterectomy technique and the possibility of developing a subsequent neoplastic pathology.
RESUMO
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the surgical time, suture time, presence of postoperative dyspareunia, and complications that occur after closing the vaginal cuff with a barbed suture compared with conventional suture. DESIGN: A randomized, controlled clinical trial (Canadian Task Force classification I). SETTING: Private gynecologic clinic in Medellin, Colombia. PATIENTS: One hundred fifty women who underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign pathology. INTERVENTIONS: The patients underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy with intracorporeal closure of the vaginal cuff and were randomized to 2 groups, 1 using a barbed suture (V-Loc 90; Medtronic/Covidien, New Haven, CT) and 1 using polyglactin 910 (coated Vicryl suture; Ethicon/Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The total operative time, closing time of the vaginal vault, presence of complications in the cuff, and incidence of postoperative dyspareunia were recorded. The patients were evaluated at a postoperative office visit 2 weeks after the procedure and by telephone interview at 24 weeks. Seventy-five patients were included in the barbed suture group and 75 patients in the polyglactin 910 group. The average time to complete the suture of the vaginal cuff was 12.01 minutes (± 5.37 standard deviation) for the barbed suture group versus 13.49 minutes (± 6.48) in the polyglactin 910 group (95% confidence interval, -.44 to 3.4; pâ¯=â¯.130). Blood loss was 31.56 ± 22.93 mL in the barbed suture group versus 30.82 ± 21.75 mL in the polyglactin 910 group (95% confidence interval, -7.95 to 6.47; pâ¯=â¯.840). The frequency of postoperative events such as hematoma, cellulitis, cuff dehiscence, fever, emergency consultation, and hospitalization was not statistically significant between groups. No statistically significant difference was found regarding deep dyspareunia at 24 postoperative weeks. CONCLUSION: No differences were found in surgical time or frequency of adverse events when comparing patients after vaginal cuff closure with barbed suture versus polyglactin 910.
Assuntos
Histerectomia/métodos , Técnicas de Sutura , Doenças Uterinas/cirurgia , Vagina/cirurgia , Técnicas de Fechamento de Ferimentos , Adulto , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Dispareunia/epidemiologia , Dispareunia/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Histerectomia/efeitos adversos , Histerectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Incidência , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Laparoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Período Pós-Operatório , Estruturas Criadas Cirurgicamente/patologia , Técnicas de Sutura/efeitos adversos , Técnicas de Sutura/estatística & dados numéricos , Suturas/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Doenças Uterinas/epidemiologia , Vagina/patologia , Técnicas de Fechamento de Ferimentos/efeitos adversos , Técnicas de Fechamento de Ferimentos/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Se presenta un caso de embarazo ectópico abdominal del segundo trimestre, que se diagnosticó en el curso de una complicación relacionada con hemoperitoneo y que fue necesario realizarle histerectomía total con anexectomía izquierda. Se revisan aspectos de su etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Es el segundo caso publicado por el autor principal.
A case of abdominal ectopic pregnancy is presented in its second quarter and was diagnosed in the course of a complication related to the hemoperitoneum. It was necessary to perform a total hysterectomy with left oophorectomy. Aspects of etiology, diagnosis and treatment are reviewed. It is the second case reported by the leading author.
RESUMO
La controversia entre todas las formas de histerectomías y sus diferentes abordajes se ha agudizado, ha llegado a las propias pacientes que con frecuencia creciente solicitan información del ginecólogo, llegan a exigir la histerectomía subtotal abdominal (HSTA) por la ventajas que han oído o leído sobre ella. OBJETIVO: Analizar comparativamente resultados obtenidos entre la histerectomía total abdominal (HTA) y la histerectomía subtotal abdominal (HSTA), según variables seleccionadas. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo longitudinal en el periodo comprendido entre enero 2002 a diciembre 2004 en el Hospital Ginecoobstérico Docente Ramón González Coro. La muestra estuvo constituida por un total 310 pacientes histerectomizadas con el diagnóstico de mioma uterino para lo cual seleccionamos dos grupos. Para investigar la posible asociación entre variables cualitativas se utilizó la prueba chi², se consideraron diferencias significativas en aquellos casos donde p = 0,05. RESULTADOS: La HSTA tuvo menor tiempo quirúrgico para un 83,9 por ciento (p=0,000), así como una menor estadía hospitalaria para un 58,1 por ciento, el sangramiento moderado fue de un 5,1 por ciento en la HSTA, no se encontraron lesiones a órganos vecinos en ambos grupos, y la morbilidad febril e infecciosa fue mayor para el grupo de la HTA para un 22,4 por ciento y 5,7 por ciento respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: En nuestro estudio la histerectomía subtotal abdominal comparativamente con la histerectomía total abdominal tuvo menor tiempo quirúrgico, estadía hospitalario y menor número de complicaciones transoperatorias y posoperatorias
Controversy among all the ways of hysterectomies and the different approaches has increased is known by patients that frequently request information to gynecologists on their criterion of an abdominal subtotal hysterectomy (ASTH) due its advantages of this technique. OBJECTIVE: To analyze comparatively the results obtained among the abdominal total hysterectomies (ATH) and the ASTH according the variables selected. METHODS: A cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive was conducted from January, 2002 to December, 2004 in the Ramón Pando Ferrer Genecology-Obstetricts Hospital. Sample included 310 patients with hysterectomy diagnosed with a uterine myoma divided into two groups. To research the possible association among qualitative variable the chi² test was used with significant differences en those groups where (p =0.05). RESULTS: The ASTH had less surgical time for a 83.9 percent (p = 0,000), as well as a lower hospital stay for 58.1 percent; moderate bleeding was of a 5.1 percent in the ASTH without lesions of surrounding organs in both groups and febrile and infectious morbidity was greater for the ATH group for a 22.4 percent and 5.7/5, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In our study the abdominal subtotal hysterectomy (ASBH) compared with the abdominal total hysterectomy (ATH) has less surgical time, hospital stay and a lesser number of transoperative and postoperative complications