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Na odontologia a decisão do tratamento é exclusiva dos cirurgiões dentistas e suas percepções, incluindo filosofia de tratamento, fazendo com que a prática de novos conceitos, tratamentos ou técnicas dependam não apenas de sua lógica ou eficácia biológica. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros envolvidos na tomada de decisão de cirurgiões dentistas clínicos e especialistas para a realização do tratamento endodôntico em sessão única ou múltiplas sessões. Para tanto, este estudo contou com uma coleta de dados através de um questionário online, aplicado cirurgiões dentistas clínicos gerais e especialistas em endodontia. As respostas foram tabuladas e analisadas por meio de estatística descritiva. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos endodontistas e dos clínicos gerais prefere realizar tratamento endodôntico em sessão única, devido ao menor desperdício de material, além do melhor domínio da anatomia e tratamento em um único momento. O motivo mais comum para os endodontistas e clínicos gerais escolherem o tratamento com múltiplas visitas é para dentes com prognóstico duvidoso e os casos em que o profissional aguarda a remissão dos sintomas antes da obturação. Em conclusão, a maioria dos endodontistas e dos clínicos gerais preferiu realizar tratamento endodôntico em sessão única.

In dentistry, treatment decisions are made exclusively by dental surgeons and their perceptions, including treatment philosophy, which means that the practice of new concepts, treatments or techniques depends not only on their logic or biological efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters involved in clinical and specialist dental surgeons' decision to carry out endodontic treatment in single or multiple sessions. To this end, data was collected using an online questionnaire administered to general dental surgeons and endodontic specialists. The answers were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed that the majority of endodontists and general practitioners prefer to carry out endodontic treatment in a single session, due to less wastage of material, as well as better mastery of the anatomy and treatment at a single time. The most common reason for endodontists and general practitioners to choose treatment with multiple visits is for teeth with a doubtful prognosis and cases in which the professional is waiting for symptoms to remit before filling. In conclusion, the majority of endodontists and general practitioners preferred to carry out endodontic treatment in a single session.

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Introdução: A parestesia é uma neuropatia que afeta a função sensorial. O Laser de Baixa Potência (LBP), por sua vez, apresenta propriedades analgésicas, bioestimuladoras e reparadoras. Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento na literatura científica sobre os aspectos gerais e benefícios do LBP no manejo terapêutico da parestesia, além de identificar a classificação e métodos de obtenção do diagnóstico desta condição. Materiais e Métodos: Tratou-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura através da busca nas plataformas PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e Google Schoolar. Após o cruzamento dos descritores com os operadores booleanos e aplicação dos critérios de inclusão/exclusão, 26 estudos foram incluídos. Resultados: A parestesia pode ser classificada em neuropraxia, axonotmese e neurotmese, subdivididas em Grau I ao V. Seu diagnóstico pode ser executado através de testes subjetivos e objetivos. O LBP compreende em um dispositivo tecnológico com efeitos analgésico, anti-inflamatório e fotobiomodulador, que estimula o reparo neural. Os estudos mostram que a dosimetria nos comprimentos de onda vermelho e infravermelho, aplicação intra e extra oral, e com mais de uma sessão semanal exerce efeito modulatório positivo do reparo neural, com retorno progressivo da atividade sensitiva. Além disso, os estudos trazem uma ampla variação no número de pontos de aplicação, bem como no tempo de irradiação e quantidade de sessões, em virtude da extensão e tempo de diagnóstico da parestesia. Considerações finais: Apesar da alta complexidade da parestesia, o LBP exerce efeitos benéficos através do retorno da sensibilidade parcial ou total, além de ser um dispositivo bem tolerado pelo organismo e minimamente invasivo.

Introduction: Paresthesia is a neuropathy that affects sensory function. The Low-Level Laser (LLL), in turn, has analgesic, biostimulating and reparative properties. Purpose: Carry out a survey at the scientific literature on the general aspects and benefits of LLL in the therapeutic management of paresthesia in addition to identifying the classification and methods for obtaining a diagnosis of this condition. Materials and Methods: It was a narrative literature review through search in platforms PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and Google Schoolar. After crossing the descriptors with boolean operators and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 26 articles were included in this study. Results: Paresthesia can be classified into neuropraxia, axonotmesis and neurotmesis, subdivided into Grades I to V. Its diagnostic can be carried out through subjective and objective tests. The LLL consists in a technological device with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and photobiomodulatory effects, which stimulates neural repair. Studies show that LLL in dosimetry at red and infrared wavelengths with intra and extra oral application and with more than one-week use exerts a positive modulatory effect on neural repair, with a progressive return of sensory activity. Furthermore, the studies show a wide variation in the number of application points, as well as the irradiation time and number of sessions, due to the extent and time of diagnosis of paresthesia. Final Considerations: Despite the high complexity of paresthesia, the LLL has beneficial effects through the return of partial or total sensitivity in addition being a device well tolerated by the body and minimally invasive.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and characterize the population of Pediatric patients referred to our hyperbaric oxygen therapy center. Methods: Retrospective and observational study, including pediatric patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy, from 2006 to 2021, at the hyperbaric medicine reference center in the north of Portugal. Variables of interest were extracted from electronic medical records. Results: Our study included 134 patients. The most frequent reasons for referral were carbon monoxide poisoning (n=59) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (n=41). In 75 cases (56%), treatment was initiated in an urgent context. Symptom presentation at Emergency Department varied among patients, the most frequent being headache and nausea/vomiting. Concerning carbon monoxide poisoning, the most common sources were water heater, fireplace/brazier, and boiler. Regarding adverse effects, it was identified one case of intoxication by oxygen and four cases of middle ear barotrauma. Conclusions: The most frequent cause for referral was carbon monoxide poisoning. All patients evolved favorably, with few side effects being reported, emphasizing the safety of this therapy. While most pediatricians may not be aware of the potential benefits arising with hyperbaric oxygen therapy, it is of upmost importance to promote them, so that this technique is increasingly implemented.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar e caracterizar a população de casos pediátricos encaminhados para o nosso centro de oxigenoterapia hiperbárica. Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo e observacional, que incluiu doentes pediátricos tratados com oxigenoterapia hiperbárica, de 2006 a 2021, no centro de referência de medicina hiperbárica do norte de Portugal. As variáveis de interesse foram extraídas dos processos clínicos eletrônicos. Resultados: O nosso estudo incluiu 134 casos. Os motivos de encaminhamento mais frequentes foram intoxicação por monóxido de carbono (n=59) e surdez súbita neurossensorial (n=41). Em 75 casos (56%) o tratamento foi iniciado em contexto de urgência. Os sintomas de apresentação à admissão variaram entre os diferentes casos, sendo os mais frequentes cefaleias e náuseas/vômitos. No que diz respeito à intoxicação por monóxido de carbono, as fontes mais comuns foram o aquecedor, lareira/braseiro e caldeira. Com relação aos efeitos adversos, foram identificados um caso de intoxicação por oxigênio e quatro casos de barotrauma do ouvido médio. Conclusões: A causa mais frequente de encaminhamento foi a intoxicação por monóxido de carbono. Todos os pacientes evoluíram favoravelmente e foram registrados poucos efeitos adversos, o que enfatiza a segurança desta terapia. Uma vez que a maioria dos pediatras pode não estar informada sobre os potenciais benefícios da oxigenoterapia hiperbárica, é de extrema importância promovê-los para que esta técnica seja cada vez mais implementada.

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El síndrome compartimental agudo requiere de la descompresión quirúrgica, mediante fasciotomía, esta técnica debe ser urgente y será clave para evitar la instauración de graves secuelas. El posterior abordaje de estas heridas de difícil y lenta cicatrización suponen un reto para los profesionales de la salud y un problema para la salud pública debido a los altos costes y elevada morbilidad. La terapia de presión negativa (TPN) o cura por vacío (VAC, "vacuum assisted closure") es un tratamiento no invasivo que consigue la curación de las heridas favoreciendo la vascularización, la aparición del tejido de granulación y eliminación del exceso de exudado[AU]

Acute compartment syndrome requires surgical decompression by fasciotomy, this technique must be urgent and will be key to avoid the establishment of serious sequels. The subsequent approach to these wounds, which are difficult and slow to heal, is a challenge for health professionals and a problem for public health due to high costs and high morbidity. Negative pressure therapy (NPWT) or vacuum assisted closure (VAC) is a non-invasive treatment that achieves wound healing by promoting vascularization, the appearance of granulation tissue and elimination of excess exudate[AU]

A síndrome compartimental aguda requer descompressão cirúrgica, por fasciotomia, esta técnica deve ser urgente e será fundamental para evitar o estabelecimento de sequelas graves. O tratamento subsequente destas feridas difíceis e de cicatrização lenta é um desafio para os profissionais de saúde e um problema desaúde pública devido aos elevados custos e à elevada morbilidade. A terapia por pressão negativa (NPWT) ou o encerramento assistido por vácuo (VAC) é um tratamento não invasivo que permite a cicatrização de feridas através da promoção da vascularização, do aparecimento de tecido de granulação e da remoção do excesso de exsudado[AU]

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Introducción: El yoga es una actividad que trata de un ejercicio el cual contiene una intensidad baja a moderada, la cual no se centra exclusivamente en el entrenamiento físico, sino que también en el desarrollo de la mente y el espíritu de uno mismo. El yoga puede obtener un mayor impacto en el equilibrio y en la ganancia de fuerza de la parte superior del cuerpo, además, demuestra mejora en la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria y flexibilidad. Metodología: El enfoque de desarrollo fue de tipo cuantitativo en donde se realizó una revisión sistemática como metodología de búsqueda de información, relacionada al yoga como una terapia complementaria y los beneficios que éste aportaba al bienestar de las personas mayores. Resultados: En cada uno de los ensayos controlados aleatorizados que fueron recabados para fines de esta revisión sistemática. Se destaca la importancia y los beneficios del yoga en la movilidad, fuerza, flexibilidad y espiritualidad de los usuarios que practican esta terapia. Discusión: Los artículos analizados pertenecen a ensayos clínicos o estudios aleatorizados, los cuales permitieron responder de manera efectiva a nuestra pregunta de investigación, la cual consiste en reconocer si el yoga es efectivo para disminuir el riesgo de dependencia funcional y eliminar hábitos que no son saludables para las personas mayores, además de mejorar la calidad de vida actual. Gracias a ello se pudo evidenciar que esta terapia en adultos mayores genera cambios positivos respecto a estado y condición física, la ejecución de esta práctica mejora la calidad de vida en un 80% Conclusión: La yoga como terapia complementaria si entrega beneficios en la calidad de vida de la población adulta mayor, dado que, que hubo una mejora tanto en la movilidad, calidad de vida y autovalencia de los adultos mayores[AU]

Introduction: Yoga is an activity that deals with a low to moderate intensity exercise, which is not exclusively focused on physical training, but also on the development of the mind and spirit itself. Yoga may have a greater impact on balance and upper body strength gains, and have shown improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility. Methodology:the development approach was of a quantitative type where a systematic review was carried out as a methodology for searching for information related to yoga as a complementary therapy and the benefits that it brought to the well-being of the elderly. Results:The importance and benefits of yoga on the mobility, strength, flexibility and spirituality of users who practice this therapy are highlighted in each of the randomized controlled trials that were collected for the purposes of this systematic review. Discussion: The articles analyzed belong to clinical trials or randomized studies, which allowed us to effectively answer our research question. The activity of yoga in older adults generates positive changes regarding state and physical condition, the execution of this practice improves the quality of life by 80% Conclusion: Yoga as a complementary therapy delivers benefits in the quality of life of the adult population elderly, it can be said that there was an improvement in mobility, quality of life and self-valence of the elderly[AU]

Introdução: O Yoga é uma atividade que trata de um exercício de intensidade baixa a moderada, que não se foca exclusivamente no treino físico, mas também no desenvolvimento da mente e do espí-rito. A ioga pode ter um impacto maior no equilíbrio e nos ganhos de força da parte superior do corpo e mostrou melhorias na apti-dão cardiorrespiratória e flexibilidade. Metodologia: a abordagem de desenvolvimento foi do tipo quantitativo onde foi realizada uma revisão sistemática como metodologia de busca de informações re-lacionadas ao yoga como terapia complementar e os benefícios que trouxe para o bem-estar dos idosos. Resultados: A importância e os benefícios do yoga na mobilidade, força, flexibilidade e espiri-tualidade dos usuários que praticam esta terapia são destacados em cada um dos ensaios clínicos randomizados que foram coletados para fins desta revisão sistemática. Discussão: Os artigos analisa-dos pertencem a ensaios clínicos ou estudos randomizados, o que nos permitiu responder de forma eficaz à nossa questão de inves-tigação. A atividade de yoga em idosos gera mudanças positivas quanto ao estado e condição física, a execução desta prática mel-hora a qualidade de vida em 80% Conclusão: o yoga como terapia complementar traz benefícios na qualidade de vida da população adulta idosa, pode-se dizer que houve melhora na mobilidade, qualidade de vida e autovalência dos idosos[AU]

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Objetivo: identificar o local e os cuidados diretos recebidos por pessoas com úlceras da perna por doença falciforme nos serviços de atenção à saúde. Método: estudo transversal, realizado em 11 centros, no período de agosto de 2019 a abril de 2020. Fizeram parte do estudo 72 pessoas com úlcera da perna ativa. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultado: apresentavam anemia falciforme 91,7% dos participantes, com mediana de três anos de existência da úlcera; 77,8% eram redicivantes; 40,3% compravam os insumos; 66,7% trocavam o próprio curativo no domicílio; 52,8% realizavam uma ou mais trocas diárias; 45,8% dos tratamentos foram prescritos pelo médico; 37,5% eram pomada (colagenase ou antibiótico); 89% não utilizavam compressão para o manejo do edema. Conclusão: a maioria dos participantes não estava inserida na Rede de Atenção à Saúde para o tratamento da úlcera, e não recebia assistência sistematizada e nem insumos apropriados.

Objective: to identify the location and direct care received by people with leg ulcers due to sickle cell disease in health care services. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out in 11 centers from August 2019 to April 2020. The study included 72 people with active leg ulcers. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: a total of 91.7% of the participants had sickle cell anemia, with a median of three years of ulcer existence; 77.8% were recurrent; 40.3% bought the supplies; 66.7% changed their own dressings at home; 52.8% did one or more changes a day; 45.8% of the treatments were prescribed by physician; 37.5% were ointments (collagenase or antibiotics); and 89% did not use compression to manage edema. Conclusion: most of the participants were not included in the Health Care Network for ulcer treatment and did not receive systematized care or appropriate supplies.

Objetivo: identificar el lugar y los cuidados directos recibidos por personas con úlceras de pierna por enfermedad falciforme en los servicios de atención a la salud. Método: estudio transversal, realizado en 11 centros, en el período de agosto de 2019 a abril de 2020. Participaron 72 personas con úlcera de pierna activa. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultado: presentaban anemia falciforme 91,7% de los participantes, con una mediana de tres años de existencia de la úlcera; 77,8% eran recidivantes; 40,3% compraban los insumos; 66,7% cambiaban su propio vendaje en el domicilio; 52,8% realizaban uno o más cambios diarios; 45,8% de los tratamientos fueron prescritos por el médico; 37,5% eran pomada (colagenasa o antibiótico); y 89% no utilizaban compresión para el manejo del edema. Conclusión: la mayoría de los participantes no estaba integrada en la Red de Atención a la Salud para el tratamiento de la úlcera, y no recibía asistencia sistematizada ni insumos apropiados.

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Introduction: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) frequently change renal replacement (RRT) therapy modality due to medical or social reasons. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients under peritoneal dialysis (PD) according to the preceding RRT modality. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational single-center study in prevalent PD patients from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2017, who were followed for 60 months or until they dropped out of PD. Patients were divided into three groups according to the preceding RRT: prior hemodialysis (HD), failed kidney transplant (KT), and PD-first. Results: Among 152 patients, 115 were PD-first, 22 transitioned from HD, and 15 from a failing KT. There was a tendency for ultrafiltration failure to occur more in patients transitioning from HD (27.3% vs. 9.6% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.07). Residual renal function was better preserved in the group with no prior RRT (p < 0.001). A tendency towards a higher annual rate of peritonitis was observed in the prior KT group (0.70 peritonitis/year per patient vs. 0.10 vs. 0.21, p = 0.065). Thirteen patients (8.6%) had a major cardiovascular event, 5 of those had been transferred from a failing KT (p = 0.004). There were no differences between PD-first, prior KT, and prior HD in terms of death and technique survival (p = 0.195 and p = 0.917, respectively) and PD efficacy was adequate in all groups. Conclusions: PD is a suitable option for ESRD patients regardless of the previous RRT and should be offered to patients according to their clinical and social status and preferences.

Introdução: Pacientes com doença renal em estágio terminal (DRET) frequentemente mudam de modalidade de terapia renal substitutiva (TRS) por razões médicas ou sociais. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar desfechos de pacientes em diálise peritoneal (DP) segundo a modalidade anterior de TRS. Métodos: Realizamos estudo retrospectivo observacional unicêntrico, em pacientes prevalentes em DP, de 1º de janeiro de 2010 a 31 de dezembro de 2017, acompanhados por 60 meses ou até saírem de DP. Pacientes foram divididos em três grupos de acordo com a TRS anterior: hemodiálise prévia (HD), transplante renal malsucedido (TR) e DP como primeira opção (PD-first). Resultados: Entre 152 pacientes, 115 eram PD-first, 22 transitaram da HD e 15 de TR malsucedido. Houve tendência à maior ocorrência de falência de ultrafiltração em pacientes em transição da HD (27,3% vs. 9,6% vs. 6,7%; p = 0,07). A função renal residual foi melhor preservada no grupo sem TRS prévia (p < 0,001). Observou-se tendência à maior taxa anual de peritonite no grupo TR prévio (0,70 peritonite/ano por paciente vs. 0,10 vs. 0,21; p = 0,065). Treze pacientes (8,6%) tiveram um evento cardiovascular maior, cinco dos quais haviam sido transferidos de um TR malsucedido (p = 0,004). Não houve diferenças entre PD-first, TR prévio e HD prévia em termos de óbito e sobrevida da técnica (p = 0,195 e p = 0,917, respectivamente) e a eficácia da DP foi adequada em todos os grupos. Conclusões: A DP é uma opção adequada para pacientes com DRET, independentemente da TRS anterior, e deve ser oferecida aos pacientes de acordo com seu status clínico e social e suas preferências.

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Introducción. La fluidoterapia es una intervención ampliamente usada en la práctica clínica. No obstante, su aplicación no está exenta de riesgos y demanda una evaluación cuidadosa de la tolerancia del paciente y su respuesta al volumen. La práctica empírica de la reanimación con líquidos puede ser potencialmente letal. El propósito de esta revisión fue proporcionar una visión general de los principios fisiológicos y terapéuticos para la administración de líquidos intravenosos en pacientes críticamente enfermos, abordando poblaciones especiales, como los pacientes quirúrgicos, sépticos y politraumatizados. Métodos. Se hizo una revisión narrativa a partir de artículos publicados en PUBMED, ScienceDirect y LILACS, entre 2001 y 2023. Para la búsqueda se emplearon los términos MESH fluid therapy, crystalloid solutions y colloids. Resultados. Se encontraron 371 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron los estudios clínicos aleatorizados, las revisiones narrativas, las revisiones sistemáticas y los metaanálisis que analizaron el rol de los cristaloides y coloides. Se incluyeron manuscritos publicados en fechas por fuera del rango de búsqueda, que se consideraron relevantes para la descripción de la fisiopatología y los fundamentos del uso de líquidos endovenosos. Conclusión. La reanimación reflexiva se fundamenta en un entendimiento holístico de la fisiología y la individualización de la fluidoterapia. El uso liberal de líquidos endovenosos tiene potenciales efectos nocivos y las estrategias de reanimación deben ser guiadas por medidas dinámicas y estáticas individuales, que proporcionan un panorama seguro para el manejo de los líquidos.

Introduction. Fluid therapy is an intervention widely used in clinical practice. However, its application is not without risks and requires a careful evaluation of patient's tolerance and response to volume. The empirical practice of fluid resuscitation can be potentially lethal. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the physiological and therapeutic principles for the administration of intravenous fluids in critically ill patients, addressing special populations, such as surgical, septic, and trauma patients. Methods. A narrative review was carried out based on articles published in PUBMED, ScienceDirect, and LILACS between 2001 and 2023. MESH terms fluid therapy, crystalloid solutions, and colloids were employed. Results. A total of 371 articles were found, of which randomized clinical trials studies, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses that analyzed the role of crystalloids and colloids were selected. Manuscripts published on dates outside the search range, which were considered relevant for the description of the pathophysiology and the rationale for the use of intravenous fluids, were included. Conclusion. Reflective resuscitation is based on a holistic understanding of physiology and individualization of fluid therapy. The liberal use of intravenous fluids has potential harmful effects and resuscitation strategies should be guided by individual dynamic and static measures, which provide a safe framework for fluid management

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LASER é um acrônimo que sumariza a amplificação da luz por emissão estimulada de radiação (eletromagnética). O Programa Saúde em Ação equipou diversas Unidades Básicas de Saúde com aparelhos de laser diodo. Cirurgiões Dentistas têm aplicado a laserterapia de baixa potência para acelerar a remissão de várias condições clínicas, sem necessidade de encaminhamento imediato para Atenção Secundária. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar protocolos de laserterapia de baixa potência empregados por Cirurgiões Dentistas da Atenção Primária à Saúde de Campinas-SP, por meio da ilustração com casos clínicos atendidos em consultas de urgência. Aplicações para ulceração traumática e desordem temporomandibular foram realizadas em uma senhora de 60 anos de idade, que aguardava a substituição das próteses totais. Irradiou-se por laser vermelho (660nm) com energia de 1J as margens da ulceração. Após palpação da articulação e dos músculos mastigatórios para mapeamento, os pontos álgicos foram irradiados por laser infravermelho (808nm) com energia de 4J. Um homem de 50 anos de idade queixava-se de paralisia hemifacial havia 10 dias. A tentativa de recuperação do nervo facial ocorreu com irradiação por laser infravermelho com energia de 8J por ponto, em 22 pontos dos ramos do nervo facial. Em ambos os casos, a regressão do quadro clínico desconfortável foi observada. Os Profissionais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) que são aptos ao uso dos equipamentos para laserterapia de baixa potência podem utilizar este recurso de modo seguro e bem sucedido, observando comprimento de onda do laser e doses protocolares para cada alteração a ser tratada.

LASER is an acronym which means light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (electromagnetic). Many Primary Health Care Units received diode laser devices from the Brazilian Health in Action Program. Dental practitioners have applied low-level laser therapy for accelerating the resolution of several clinical problems, without the need to prompt referral for Secondary Attention. This manuscript aimed at presenting low-level laser therapy protocols, used by Dentists in Primary Health Care Units from Campinas-SP, illustrated with case reports of urgency consultations. Applications for traumatic ulcers and temporomandibular disorder were performed in a 60-year-old woman who was waiting for dental prosthesis replacement. Red laser irradiation (660nm) with 1J energy was delivered at the margins of the ulcer. Upon articular and masticatory muscles palpation for mapping, trigger points were irradiated with infrared laser (808nm), 4J energy. A 50-year-old man complained of hemifacial paresis for 10 days. The recovery attempt of the facial nerve was carried out by infrared laser irradiation with 8J energy per point in 22 points of the facial nerve branches. In both case reports, regression of the uncomfortable clinical problem was noted. Professionals from the Unified Health System (SUS) who are able to use a low-level laser device may safe and successfully operate this equipment, selecting the appropriate laser wavelength and protocol doses for managing each clinical problem.

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O artigo é uma revisão sobre os aspectos relacionados ao envelhecimento masculino e necessidades de tratamentos, com ênfase no hipogonadismo tardio, baixa produção de testosterona e possível desenvolvimento do Distúrbio Androgênico do Envelhecimento Masculino (DAEM). O objetivo foi apresentar o DAEM e suas implicações sobre a qualidade de vida do paciente para promover e validar o tratamento, quando realmente for apropriado, para esse quadro clínico. Utilizou-se como a fonte de pesquisa Google Acadêmico, banco de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e do PubMed foram obtidos artigos com as aplicações dos seguintes filtros: 2010-2023 e descritores em saúde (andropausa, reposição hormonal, testosterona, DAEM, hipogonadismo e síndromes metabólicas). Os critérios de inclusão utilizados foram a disponibilidade integral dos artigos, ter os idiomas inglês e português, e abordar o tema da Doença Androgênica do Envelhecimento, todas as suas repercussões sobre a qualidade de vida do homem e, sobretudo, o seu tratamento. Para excluir artigos encontrados na busca, foram observadas obras que apenas tangenciam o tema e tinham enfoque em outros aspectos, como: estética e esporte. Após a aplicação do método, 14 trabalhos foram selecionados por estabelecerem grande relação com o tema. Esse distúrbio acarreta para o indivíduo um conjunto de sinais e sintomas capazes de comprometer sua qualidade de vida: disfunção erétil, baixa libido, obesidade, redução de massa magra ou sarcopenia, osteoporose e distúrbios do humor. O diagnóstico é feito clinicamente e através de exames laboratoriais de dosagem sérica de testosterona. Perante a confirmação diagnóstica e sem patologizar processos fisiológicos do envelhecimento, o tratamento indicado é a reposição de testosterona que tende a normalizar o quadro do idoso por amenizar ou finalizar os sinais e sintomas desse paciente, proporcionando-o uma terceira idade com qualidade de vida. Vale destacar que as disposições de formulações de testosterona são inúmeras: orais, transdérmicas, intramusculares ou injetáveis. A via de administração depende da situação individual de cada paciente e cada tipo de medicamento tem seus benefícios se comparado aos outros, seja por comparação entre efeitos colaterais, estabilidade de níveis séricos hormonais, custo e acesso. O DAEM precisa ser identificado e diagnosticado naqueles pacientes que necessitam de um tratamento por apresentar sinais e sintomas prejudiciais ao bem-estar. Para isso, a indústria farmacêutica disponibiliza uma gama de formas de administração de testosterona. Entretanto, é preciso ter clareza sobre a real necessidade de medicar um paciente.

The article is a review of aspects related to male aging and treatment needs, with an emphasis on late-onset hypogonadism, low testosterone production and the possible development of Androgenic Male Aging Disorder (AMAD). The aim was to present the AMAD and its implications for the patient's quality of life in order to promote and validate treatment, where appropriate, for this clinical condition. The search source used was Google Scholar, the Virtual Health Library database and PubMed, where articles were obtained using the following filters: 2010-2023 and health descriptors (andropause, hormone replacement, testosterone, AMAD, hypogonadism and metabolic syndromes). The inclusion criteria used were that the articles were available in full, that they were in English and Portuguese, and that they dealt with the subject of Androgenic Ageing Disorder, all its repercussions on men's quality of life and, above all, its treatment. To exclude articles found in the search, we looked at works that only touched on the subject and focused on other aspects, such as aesthetics and sport. After applying the method, 14 articles were selected because they were closely related to the topic. This disorder leads to a set of signs and symptoms that can compromise the individual's quality of life: erectile dysfunction, low libido, obesity, reduced lean mass or sarcopenia, osteoporosis and mood disorders. The diagnosis is made clinically and through laboratory tests of serum testosterone levels. Once the diagnosis has been confirmed and without pathologizing the physiological processes of ageing, the treatment indicated is testosterone replacement, which tends to normalize the condition of the elderly by easing or ending the signs and symptoms of the patient, providing them with a quality old age. It's worth noting that there are many different formulations of testosterone: oral, transdermal, intramuscular or injectable. The route of administration depends on the individual situation of each patient and each type of medication has its benefits compared to the others, whether it's a comparison of side effects, stability of serum hormone levels, cost and accessibility. AMAD needs to be identified and diagnosed in those patients who need treatment because they have signs and symptoms that are detrimental to their well-being. To this end, the pharmaceutical industry offers a range of forms of testosterone administration. However, it is necessary to be clear about the real need to medicate a patient.

El artículo es una revisión de los aspectos relacionados con el envejecimiento masculino y las necesidades de tratamiento, con énfasis en el hipogonadismo de inicio tardío, la baja producción de testosterona y el posible desarrollo del Trastorno Androgénico del Envejecimiento Masculino (TAME). El objetivo fue presentar el TAME y sus implicaciones en la calidad de vida del paciente, con el fin de promover y validar el tratamiento de esta condición clínica, cuando sea apropiado. La fuente de búsqueda utilizada fue Google Scholar, la base de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud y PubMed, donde se obtuvieron artículos utilizando los siguientes filtros: 2010-2023 y descriptores de salud (andropausia, reemplazo hormonal, testosterona, TAME, hipogonadismo y síndromes metabólicos). Los criterios de inclusión utilizados fueron que los artículos estuvieran disponibles en su totalidad, en inglés y portugués, y que abordaran el tema del Trastorno Androgénico del Envejecimiento, todas sus repercusiones en la calidad de vida de los hombres y, sobre todo, su tratamiento. Para excluir los artículos encontrados en la búsqueda, se consideraron los trabajos que sólo tocaban el tema y se centraban en otros aspectos, como la estética y el deporte. Tras aplicar el método, se seleccionaron 14 artículos por estar estrechamente relacionados con el tema. Este trastorno conlleva un conjunto de signos y síntomas que pueden comprometer la calidad de vida del individuo: disfunción eréctil, libido baja, obesidad, reducción de la masa magra o sarcopenia, osteoporosis y trastornos del estado de ánimo. El diagnóstico se realiza clínicamente y mediante pruebas de laboratorio de los niveles séricos de testosterona. Una vez confirmado el diagnóstico y sin patologizar los procesos fisiológicos del envejecimiento, el tratamiento indicado es el reemplazo de testosterona, que tiende a normalizar la condición del anciano, aliviando o terminando con sus signos y síntomas, proporcionándole una vejez con calidad de vida. Cabe destacar que existen diversas formulaciones de testosterona: oral, transdérmica, intramuscular o inyectable. La vía de administración depende de la situación individual de cada paciente y cada tipo de medicación tiene sus ventajas frente a las demás, ya sea en comparación con los efectos secundarios, la estabilidad de los niveles séricos de la hormona, el coste y la accesibilidad. Es necesario identificar y diagnosticar el TAME en aquellos pacientes que necesitan tratamiento porque presentan signos y síntomas perjudiciales para su bienestar. Para ello, la industria farmacéutica ofrece diversas formas de administración de testosterona. Sin embargo, es necesario tener clara la necesidad real de medicar a un paciente.

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Abstract Background Molecularly targeted therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKis), have emerged as essential tools in the treatment of dermatological diseases. These therapies modulate the immune system through specific signaling pathways, providing effective alternatives to traditional systemic immunosuppressive agents. This review aims to provide an updated summary of targeted immune therapies for inflammatory skin diseases, considering their pathophysiology, efficacy, dosage, and safety profiles. Methods The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed over the past 10 years, focusing on randomized clinical trials, case reports, and case series related to targeted immune therapies in dermatology. Eligibility criteria were applied, and data were extracted from each study, including citation data, study design, and results. Results We identified 1360 non-duplicate articles with the initial search strategy. Title and abstract review excluded 1150, while a full-text review excluded an additional 50 articles. The review included 143 studies published between 2012 and 2022, highlighting 39 drugs currently under investigation or in use for managing inflammatory skin diseases. Study limitations The heterogeneity of summarized information limits this review. Some recommendations originated from data from clinical trials, while others relied on retrospective analyses and small case series. Recommendations will likely be updated as new results emerge. Conclusion Targeted therapies have revolutionized the treatment of chronic skin diseases, offering new options for patients unresponsive to standard treatments. Paradoxical reactions are rarely observed. Further studies are needed to fully understand the mechanisms and nature of these therapies. Overall, targeted immune therapies in dermatology represent a promising development, significantly improving the quality of life for patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases.

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Abstract Background The treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) has been the focus of clinical research, and behavioral intervention is considered an indispensable treatment method. To our knowledge, no relevant meta-analysis has evaluated the effects of behavioral interventions on atopic dermatitis. Objectives To evaluate the effects of behavioral interventions on atopic dermatitis. Methods The authors searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL to retrieve relevant RCTs (up to Feb 2022). The search strategy involved a combination of related keywords. The Cochrane Q and I2 statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. Results Six RCTs involving seven reports with 246 patients were included. The results suggested that behavioral interventions could relieve eczema severity (correlation coefficient [r = −0.39]; p < 0.001) and scratching severity significantly (r = −0.19; p = 0.017), while not affect itching intensity (r = −0.02; p = 0.840). A sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. Study limitations An important limitation of this study was the insufficient number of RCTs and the limited sample size. In addition, the study lacked a control group receiving a type of intervention other than the experimental protocol. Another limitation was the short duration of follow-up. Conclusions This study suggests that behavioral interventions could be effective in treating atopic dermatitis by reducing eczema and scratching severity. Additionally, habit-reversal behavioral therapy may be more effective for treating atopic dermatitis.

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Introdução: O trabalho conjunto da genética médica e da fonoaudiologia é essencial, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de procedimentos que auxiliam no tratamento de pacientes com distúrbios da comunicação. Objetivo: Analisar as características fonoaudiológicas de pacientes pediátricos atendidos por um serviço de genética clínica. Método: Estudo transversal observacional, realizado com pacientes atendidos pelo serviço de genética de um hospital em Porto Alegre. Para a coleta de dados, aplicou-se um questionário relacionado as áreas de audição, deglutição, motricidade orofacial, voz e linguagem. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 54 participantes com idades entre 8 meses e 17 anos (média de idade 6 anos e 5 meses). 24,07% (n=13) dos pacientes apresentaram diagnóstico de síndrome, e 59,26% (n=32) tinham atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Com relação ao perfil fonoaudiológico, 81,48% (n=44) apresentaram algum hábito oral deletério durante a infância. 16,67% (n=9) percebiam alguma dificuldade para ouvir e 29,62% (n=16) para deglutir. 85,19% (n=46) dos participantes manifestaram a linguagem oral desenvolvida e, destes, 71,74% (n=33) apresentavam trocas na fala. 33,33% (n=18) já estavam em atendimento fonoaudiológico, e outros 24,07% (n=13) estavam na fila de espera para este atendimento. Conclusões: Uma parte significativa dos pacientes apresentou queixas e/ou manifestações nas áreas da comunicação humana, principalmente em relação à linguagem, à fala e aos hábitos orais deletérios. Esses dados destacam a importância do encaminhamento para a equipe de fonoaudiologia. (AU)

Introduction: The collaborative efforts of medical genetics and speech therapy are essential, contributing to the development of procedures that assist in treating patients with communication disorders. Objective: To analyze the speech therapy characteristics of pediatric patients seen by a clinical genetics service. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study conducted with patients seen at the genetics service of a hospital in Porto Alegre. A questionnaire related to hearing, swallowing, orofacial motricity, voice, and language areas was used for data collection. Results: The sample consisted of 54 participants aged between 8 months and 17 years, with an average age of 6 years and 5 months. 24.07% (n=13) of the patients had a diagnosis of syndrome, and 59.26% (n=32) had delayed neuropsychomotor development. Regarding the speech therapy profile, 81.48% (n=44) had some harmful oral habit during childhood. 16.67% (n=9) reported some difficulty in hearing, and 29.62% (n=16) in swallowing. 85.19% (n=46) of the participants showed developed oral language, and of these, 71.74% (n=33) made speech substitutions. 33.33% (n=18) of the patients were already undergoing speech therapy, and another 24.07% (n=13) were on the waiting list for this treatment. Conclusions: A significant portion of the patients presented complaints and/or manifestations in the areas of human communication, especially regarding language, speech, and harmful oral habits. These data highlight the importance of referral to the speech therapy team. (AU)

Introducción: La colaboración entre genética médica y foniatría es esencial para desarrollar procedimientos que ayuden en el tratamiento de pacientes con trastornos de la comunicación. Objetivo:Analizar las características de patología del habla y lenguaje de pacientes pediátricos atendidos por un servicio de genética clínica. Método: Estudio transversal observacional con pacientes atendidos por el servicio de genética de un hospital en Porto Alegre. Se aplicó un cuestionario sobre audición, deglución, motricidad orofacial, voz y lenguaje. Resultados: La muestra consistió en 54 participantes con edades comprendidas entre 8 meses y 17 años (media: 6 años y 5 meses). El 24,07% (n=13) de los pacientes tenían un diagnóstico de síndrome, y el 59,26% (n=32) presentaron retraso en el desarrollo neuropsicomotor. En cuanto al perfil foniatra, el 81,48% (n=44) presentaron algún hábito oral perjudicial durante la infancia. El 16,67% (n=9) reportaron dificultades para oír, y el 29,62% (n=16) para tragar. El 85,19% (n=46) manifestaron lenguaje oral desarrollado y, de ellos, el 71,74% (n=33) realizaban intercambios en el habla. El 33,33% (n=18) de los pacientes ya estaban en tratamiento foniatra y el 24,07% (n=13) estaban en lista de espera para este tratamiento. Conclusiones: Una parte significativa de los pacientes presentó quejas y/o manifestaciones en las áreas de la comunicación humana, especialmente en relación con el lenguaje, el habla y los hábitos orales perjudiciales, enfatizando la importancia de la derivación al equipo de foniatría. (AU)

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Introdução: A Fonoaudiologia é uma profissão jovem, mas sua regulamentação, entretanto, é fruto de um longo processo, iniciado algumas décadas antes. Vários documentos deixam marcas desta trajetória e contam histórias das questões e tensões presentes no momento de sua elaboração. Objetivos: Discutir a questão da autonomia do profissional da Fonoaudiologia a partir da análise de alguns de seus documentos normatizadores, considerando dois momentos significativos: a) a mudança de tecnólogo para profissional de nível superior, em 1981 e b) a ameaça de perda de direitos na ocasião da tramitação do Projeto de Lei do Ato Médico, em 2001. Método: Pesquisa documental, descritiva exploratória, de caráter qualitativo. Resultados: A palavra diagnóstico aparece de forma implícita no texto da Lei 6965/81 e no primeiro Código de Ética, em 1984, e de forma explícita, enquanto competência do fonoaudiólogo, nos códigos de 1995 e 2004. A palavra autonomia não aparece na Lei nem no código de 1984. É mencionada de forma restrita no código de 1995 e apenas referida como autonomia profissional ampla no código de 2004. Conclusão: Analisar as questões e as tensões presentes na elaboração de documentos normativos de uma profissão permite destacar o conjunto de valores, as disputas de poder e o caráter ético e político presente nestas definições. Permite também perceber o quanto estes processos são dinâmicos, incessantes e, ainda, o quanto algumas situações se colocam no tempo presente, resgatando debates antigos. (AU)

Introduction: Speech therapy is a young profession, but its regulation, however, is the result of a long process, started a few decades earlier. Several documents leave marks of this trajectory and tell stories of the issues and tensions present at the time of their preparation. Objectives: To discuss the issue of the autonomy of Speech Therapy professionals based on the analysis of some of their standardizing documents, considering two significant moments: a) the change from technologist to higher education professional, in 1981 and b) the threat of loss of rights in occasion of the processing of the Medical Act Bill, in 2001. Method: Documentary, exploratory, qualitative research. Results: The word diagnosis appears implicitly in the text of Law 6965/81 and in the first Code of Ethics, in 1984, and explicitly, as a speech therapist competence, in the codes of 1995 and 2004. The word autonomy does not appear in the Law nor in the 1984 code. It is mentioned in a restricted way in the 1995 code and only referred to as broad professional autonomy in the 2004 code. Conclusion: Analyzing the issues and tensions present in the preparation of normative documents for a profession allows us to highlight the set of values, power disputes and the ethical and political character present in these definitions. It also allows us to understand how dynamic and incessant these processes are and, also, how much some situations arise in the present time, rescuing old debates. (AU)

Introducción: La logopedia es una profesión joven, pero su regulación, sin embargo, es el resultado de un largo proceso, iniciado algunas décadas antes. Varios documentos dejan huellas de esta trayectoria y cuentan historias de los problemas y tensiones presentes en el momento de su preparación. Objetivos:Discutir la cuestión de la autonomía de los profesionales de Logopedia a partir del análisis de algunos de sus documentos normativos, considerando dos momentos significativos: a) el paso de tecnólogo a profesional de educación superior, en 1981 y b) la amenaza de pérdida de derechos con motivo de la tramitación del Proyecto de Ley Médica, en 2001. Método: Investigación documental, exploratoria, cualitativa. Resultados: La palabra diagnóstico aparece implícitamente en el texto de la Ley 6965/81 y en el primer Código de Ética, de 1984, y explícitamente, como competencia del logopeda, en los códigos de 1995 y 2004. La palabra autonomía no aparece en la Ley ni en el código de 1984. Se menciona de forma restringida en el código de 1995 y sólo se la denomina amplia autonomía profesional en el código de 2004. Conclusión: Analizar las cuestiones y tensiones presentes en la elaboración de documentos normativos para una profesión permite resaltar el conjunto de valores, las disputas de poder y el carácter ético y político presentes en estas definiciones. También nos permite comprender cuán dinámicos e incesantes son estos procesos y, también, cuánto surgen algunas situaciones en la actualidad, rescatando viejos debates. (AU)

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Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into specific cell lineages in the tissue repair process. Photobiomodulation with laser and LED is used to treat several comorbidities, can interfere in cell proliferation and viability, in addition to promoting responses related to the physical parameters adopted. Evaluate and compare the effects of laser and LED on mesenchymal cells, with different energy doses and different wavelengths, in addition to viability and wound closure. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human adipocytes were irradiated with laser (energy of 0.5 J, 2 J and 4 J, wavelength of 660 nm and 830 nm), and LED (energy of 0.5 J, 2 J and 4 J, where lengths are 630 nm and 850 nm). The wound closure process was evaluated through monitoring the reduction of the lesion area in vitro. Viability was determined by analysis with Hoechst and Propidium Iodide markers, and quantification of viable and non-viable cells respectively Data distributions were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Homogeneity was analyzed using Levene's test. The comparison between the parameters used was analyzed using the Two-way ANOVA test. The T test was applied to data relating to viability and lesion area. For LED photobiomodulation, only the 630 nm wavelength obtained a significant result in 24, 48 and 72 h (p = 0,027; p = 0,024; p = 0,009). The results related to the in vitro wound closure test indicate that both photobiomodulation with laser and LED demonstrated significant results considering the time it takes to approach the edges (p < 0.05). Considering the in vitro experimental conditions of the study, it is possible to conclude that the physical parameters of photobiomodulation, such as energy and wavelength, with laser or LED in mesenchymal stem cells, can play a potential role in cell viability and wound closure.

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Background: Carbon dioxide (CO2), traditionally viewed as a mere byproduct of cellular respiration, plays a multifaceted role in human physiology beyond simple elimination through respiration. CO2 may regulate the tumor microenvironment by significantly affecting the release of oxygen (O2) to tissues through the Bohr effect and by modulating blood pH and vasodilation. Previous studies suggest hypercapnia (elevated CO2 levels) might trigger optimized cellular mechanisms with potential therapeutic benefits. The role of CO2 in cellular stress conditions within tumor environments and its impact on O2 utilization offers a new investigative area in oncology. Objectives: This study aims to explore CO2's role in the tumor environment, particularly how its physiological properties and adaptive responses can influence therapeutic strategies. Methods: By applying a structured translational approach using the Work Breakdown Structure method, the study divided the analysis into six interconnected work packages to comprehensively analyze the interactions between carbon dioxide and the tumor microenvironment. Methods included systematic literature reviews, data analyses, data integration for identifying critical success factors and exploring extracellular environment modulation. The research used SMART criteria for assessing innovation and the applicability of results. Results: The research revealed that the human body's adaptability to hypercapnic conditions could potentially inform innovative strategies for manipulating the tumor microenvironment. This could enhance O2 utilization efficiency and manage adaptive responses to cellular stress. The study proposed that carbon dioxide's hormetic potential could induce beneficial responses in the tumor microenvironment, prompting clinical protocols for experimental validation. The research underscored the importance of pH regulation, emphasizing CO2 and carbonic acid's role in modulating metabolic and signaling pathways related to cancer. Conclusion: The study underscores CO2 as vital to our physiology and suggests potential therapeutic uses within the tumor microenvironment. pH modulation and cellular oxygenation optimization via CO2 manipulation could offer innovative strategies to enhance existing cancer therapies. These findings encourage further exploration of CO2's therapeutic potential. Future research should focus on experimental validation and exploration of clinical applications, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary and collaborative approaches to tackle current challenges in cancer treatment.

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PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of VTE and clinical outcomes in a cohort of cancer patients and COVID-19 infection, and to establish possible predictive factors of VTE. METHODS/PATIENTS: A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the incidence of VTE and mortality in 118 cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from March to August 2020. We calculated individual Khorana Risk and CATS-MICA scores in order to evaluate their utility to identify risk of VTE or death. Continuous variables were compared using Wilcoxon or Student's T test, and categorical variables were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's exact text among patients with and without VTE. A Log-Rank test was performed to detect mortality differences between the groups. RESULTS: A total of 118 patients were included. VTE global incidence was 4.2% (n = 5), and mortality 25.4% (n = 30). Obesity (p = 0.05), recent chemotherapy (p = 0.049) and use of steroids (p = 0.006) were related to higher risk of VTE in the univariate analysis, although they were not confirmed in the multivariate analysis as independent risk factors. Statistically significant differences in all-cause, COVID-19-related and cancer-related mortality according to the Khorana risk score (KRS) were observed. CATS-MICA score (CMS) also showed statistically significant differences in mortality between low- and high-risk patients. Prediction of risk of VTE development with these scores showed a tendency towards significance. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, VTE incidence was similar to previously reported in the general population with SARS-CoV-2 infection. KRS was associated with overall and specific-cause mortality, and might be a useful prognostic tool in this setting.

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INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of GC; therefore, its eradication reduces the risk of developing this neoplasia. There is extensive evidence regarding quadruple therapy with relevance to the European population. However, in Latin America, data are scarce. Furthermore, there is limited information about the eradication rates achieved by antibiotic schemes in European and Latin American populations. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of standard triple therapy (STT), quadruple concomitant therapy (QCT), and bismuth quadruple therapy (QBT) in six centers in Europe and Latin America. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out based on the LEGACy registry from 2017 to 2022. Data from adult patients recruited in Portugal, Spain, Chile, Mexico, and Paraguay with confirmed H. pylori infection who received eradication therapy and confirmatory tests at least 1 month apart were included. Treatment success by each scheme was compared using a mixed multilevel Poisson regression, adjusting for patient sex and age, together with country-specific variables, including prevalence of H. pylori antibiotic resistance (clarithromycin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin), and CYP2C19 polymorphisms. RESULTS: 772 patients were incorporated (64.64% females; mean age of 52.93 years). The total H. pylori eradication rates were 75.20% (255/339) with STT, 88.70% (159/178) with QCT, and 91.30% (191/209) with QBT. Both quadruple therapies (QCT-QBT) showed significantly higher eradication rates compared with STT, with an adjusted incidence risk ratio (IRR) of 1.25 (p: <0.05); and 1.24 (p: <0.05), respectively. The antibiotic-resistance prevalence by country, but not the prevalence of CYP2C19 polymorphism, showed a statistically significant impact on eradication success. CONCLUSIONS: Both QCT and QBT are superior to STT for H. pylori eradication when adjusted for country-specific antibiotic resistance and CYP2C19 polymorphism in a sample of individuals residing in five countries within two continents.

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To review current literature and synthesize clinical outcomes related to different low-level laser techniques as a complement to basic periodontal therapy (BPT). Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, and clinical trials published from January 2013 to August 2023 using photobiomodulation as a complement to basic periodontal therapy, with a clear description of the laser technique, were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment Checklist. Estimates of interest were calculated using random effects meta-analyses. A total of 947 references were retrieved, and 22 studies were included for qualitative synthesis. Ten studies used intrasulcular laser techniques, with 89% using infrared wavelength, and 12 studies used transgingival techniques, with 61.5% using red wavelength. The frequency of photobiomodulation after BPT ranged from 1 to 9 sessions, with follow-up periods ranging from 5 days to 12 months. Risk of bias was considered low in 16 studies and moderate in six studies. Meta-analysis of 13 studies showed that BPT reduced probing depth at 4-, 12- and 24-weeks post-treatment, and improved clinical level attachment at 6-, 12- and 24-weeks post-treatment. Studies suggest that photobiomodulation may be a valuable complement in the treatment of periodontitis, especially using transgingival application technique.

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BACKGROUND: The primary aim of this proof-of-concept study was to investigate whether the Cardiac Power Index (CPI) could be a novel alternative method to assess fluid responsiveness in the prone position. METHODS: Patients undergoing scheduled elective lumbar spine surgery in the prone position under general anesthesia were enrolled in the criteria of patients aged 19-75 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II. The hemodynamic variables were evaluated before and after changes in posture after administering a colloid bolus (5 mL.kg-1) in the prone position. Fluid responsiveness was defined as an increase in the Stroke Volume Index (SVI) ≥ 10%. RESULTS: A total of 28 patients were enrolled. In responders, the CPI (median [1/4Q-3/4Q]) decreased to 0.34 [0.28-0.39] W.m-2 (p = 0.035) after the prone position. After following fluid loading, CPI increased to 0.48 [0.37-0.52] W.m-2 (p < 0.008), and decreased SVI (median [1/4Q-3/4Q]) after prone increased from 26.0 [24.5-28.0] mL.m-2 to 33.0 [31.0-37.5] mL.m-2 (p = 0.014). Among non-responders, CPI decreased to 0.43 [0.28-0.53] W.m-2 (p = 0.011), and SVI decreased to 29.0 [23.5-34.8] mL.m-2 (p < 0.009). CPI exhibited predictive capabilities for fluid responsiveness as a receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 [95% Confidence Interval, 0.60-0.95; p = 0.025]. CONCLUSION: This study suggests the potential of CPI as an alternative method to existing preload indices in assessing fluid responsiveness in clinical scenarios, offering potential benefits for responders and non-responders.