RESUMO
Introducción: El estudio de los efectos farmacológicos preclínicos de la lecitina de soya sobre parámetros hematológicos y marcadores inflamatorios sistémicos, contribuirá a sustentar las bases de su posible empleo como medicamento natural. Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de la lecitina de soya sobre parámetros hematológicos y marcadores inflamatorios sistémicos de ratas Wistar. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de farmacología preclínica experimental, en el que se administró lecitina de soya en dosis máximas y mínimas a dos grupos experimentales de ratas Wistar. Se estimaron variables hematológicas para ser comparadas con el grupo control, se determinó recuento diferencial y el conteo global de leucocitos según fórmula avanzada como indicativo indirecto de inmunocompetencia. Se calcularon como marcadores inflamatorios sistémicos la relación neutrófilos-linfocitos (N/LR) y la relación plaquetas-linfocitos (P/LR). La existencia de diferencias de medianas y rangos de las diferentes variables entre los grupos se reveló mediante la Prueba de Kruskal-Wallis de muestras independientes con nivel de significancia de p <0.05. Resultados: Se observó leucopenia, aumento del recuento plaquetario y alteraciones de índices relacionados con la inflamación y la inmunidad en ambos grupos experimentales, relacionado con la dosis. La N/LR y P/LR se incrementaron de manera proporcional con la dosis y el índice de inmunidad e inflamación sistémica se incrementa con dosis mínima y tiende a decrecer con dosis máxima. Conclusiones: El producto modifica parámetros hematológicos en ratas, pero se requieren otros estudios controlados que corroboren el estado de inmunocompetencia, tomando en consideración lo que expresan los marcadores inflamatorios sistémicos.
Introduction: The study of the preclinical pharmacological effects of soy lecithin on hematological parameters and systemic inflammatory markers, will contribute to support the foundations of its possible use as a natural medication. Objective: To determine the effects of soy lecithin on hematological parameters and systemic inflammatory markers of Wistar rats. Methods: An experimental preclinical pharmacology study was conducted, in which soy lecithin was administered in maximum and minimum doses of two experimental Wistar rats. Hematological variables were estimated to be compared to the control group, differential counting and global leukocyte count according to advanced formula as an indirect indicative of immunocompetence was determined. The neutrophil-linfocyte (N/LR) and the platelet-linfocyte ratio (P/LR) were calculated as systemic inflammatory markers. The existence of medium and ranges differences of the different variables between the groups was revealed by the Kruskal-Wallis test of independent samples with a level of significance of p<0.05. Results: Leukopenia, increased platelet count and alterations of inflammation related to inflammation and immunity dose-related were observed in both experimental groups. The N/LR and P/LR were proportionally increased with the dose and the system of systemic immunity and inflammation is increased with minimal dose and tends to decrease with maximum dose. Conclusions: The product modifies hematological parameters in rats, but other controlled studies are required that corroborate the state of immunocompetence, taking into consideration what systemic inflammatory markers express.
Assuntos
Humanos , Lecitinas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Background: Anatomopathological staging is the primary method to determine the prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). However, new tools have been developed that can complement it, such as the analysis of the elevation of systemic inflammatory markers. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the elevation of scores based on inflammatory markers (the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], the Glasgow Prognostic Score [GPS], and isolated C-reactive protein [CRP]) in the prognosis of patients diagnosed with CRC and submitted to potentially curative surgery in Hospital de Braga, Portugal, between January 1st, 2005, and December 31st, 2010. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the data of 426 patients was performed, with a collection of several clinico-pathological variables, as well as the levels of lymphocytes, neutrophils, albumin and CRP, in the pre- and postoperative periods, to apply the different scores to the sample. Results: From the analysis of the survival curves, we concluded that patients with increased NLR in the pre- and postoperative periods present a lower cancer-related survival than patients with normal NLR (preoperative period: 93.7 versus 122 months; p<0.001; postoperative period: 112 versus 131 months; p=0.002). Patients with increased NLR in the pre- and postoperative periods also had a lower disease-free survival (preoperative period: 88.0 versus 122 months; p<0.001; postoperative period: 111 versus 132 months; p=0.002). In addition, increased pre- and postoperative NLR was associatedwith a higher risk of death due to CRC (preoperatively: hazard ratio [HR]=2.25; p<0.001; postoperatively: HR=2.18; p=0.003). However, the multivariate analysis shows that only postoperative NLR (ajusted HR =2.66; p=0.002) does so independently of the remaining variables. Conclusion: Regarding the scores applied to the sample, the NLR was the one that most consistently related to the prognosis of the patients. However, it would be useful to develop a prospective study that could confirm this relationship. (AU)