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A sinus floor elevation via lateral window (LSFE) is one of the most widely used bone augmentation procedures for implant therapy in the posterior area of the maxilla. Locating and preparing a correct opening window on the lateral sinus wall is a key step of this procedure. Conventionally, the surgeon designs and locates the window after the flap is reflected based on the information obtained from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images or other diagnostic aids. Nevertheless, in spite of the advancements in CBCT imaging, clinicians may still experience hardships in situating and procuring meticulous access to the maxillary sinus by using CBCT alone. Therefore, in cases requiring an LSFE simultaneous to implant placement, a maxillary sinus surgical guide has been tested and reported to be the amiable method to be utilized as a conjunct to prevent unpredictable consequences according to its application in implying both the direction for the implant and the location of the lateral window. This article presents 3 clinical cases with a fully digital approach to guide the opening of the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus as well as the simultaneous placement of a single implant in an ideal 3D position. Based on the CBCT images and intraoral scan, a surgical guide was fabricated based on 3D software. During surgery, this teeth-supported template can be placed intraorally, guiding sinus window opening preparation. This technique makes the sinus window opening procedure simple and predictable, reduces surgical time and the risk of complications, and allows the placement of the implant in the ideal 3D position.

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RESUMEN Las guías quirúrgicas son dispositivos indispensables para la adecuada colocación de los implantes dentales, siendo la guía quirúrgica generada por ordenador la más precisa, su plano guía está a nivel de la fresa conformadora, esta nueva guía quirúrgica tiene el plano guía a nivel del cabezal del micromotor, es restrictiva en sentido mesiodistal y vestíbulo/palatino-lingual, tiene la ventaja que no interfiere con la refrigeración de la fresa, se adapta a todos los sistemas de implantes, no requiere kits adicionales. Para la fabricación de dicha guía se debe modificar el cabezal del micromotor adicionándole un elemento que le permitirá tener 3 paredes unidas en ángulo de 90 grados, y sobre este se posicionará el riel guía el cual dirigirá la fresas conformadoras del lecho óseo en el grosor óseo del reborde alveolar que la tomografía y la planificación reversa indiquen. En 8 pacientes que requirieron un implante se utilizó la guía propuesta, y a otros 8 se les colocó el implante con la técnica a mano alzada. La guía propuesta mostró desviaciones que fueron de 0 mm a 0,61 mm; las desviaciones con la técnica a mano alzada estuvieron en el rango de 0,58 a 1,56 mm. Estadísticamente no hubo diferencia significativa. La ventaja principal de esta guía es que permite la refrigeración adecuada de la fresa formadora del lecho para el implante, no requiere nuevo kit quirúrgico, es compatible con cualquier sistema; dentro de las desventajas, es que este cabezal debe fabricarse para cada marca de micromotor, aunque el riel guía puede ser el mismo.

ABSTRACT Surgical guides are essential devices for the proper placement of dental implants, being the computer generated surgical guide the most precise, its guide plane is at the level of the shaping drill, this new surgical guide has the guide plane at the level of the head of the micromotor, it is restrictive in the mesiodistal and vestibule / palatine-lingual directions, it has the advantage that it does not interfere with the cooling of the drill, it adapts to all implant systems, it does not require an additional kit. For the manufacture of said guide, the head of the micromotor must be modified by adding an element that will allow it to have 3 walls joined at a 90-degree angle, and on this the guide rail will be positioned, which will direct the shaping drills of the bone bed in the bone thickness of the alveolar ridge indicated by tomography and reverse planning. In 8 patients who required an implant, the proposed guide was used, and in another 8 the implant was placed with the freehand technique. With the proposed guide, it showed deviations that ranged from 0 mm to 0.61 mm; The deviations with the freehand technique were in the range of 0.58 to 1.56 mm. Statistically there was no significant difference. The main advantage of this guide is that it allows adequate cooling of the implant bed-forming drill, a new surgical kit is not required, it is compatible with any system; Among the disadvantages is that this head must be manufactured for each brand of micromotor, although the guide rail may be the same.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) for tooth-supported free-end dental implantation with the aid/and without the aid of fixation pins to secure the surgical template through comparison between planned, 3D printed guide position and placement implant position. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two duplicated maxillary resin models were used in the present in vitro study. Digital planning was performed and fabrication of a surgical template that allowed implant placement on the distal extension edentulous site of the model (maxillary left side). A first optical scan was performed after fitting the surgical template on the model to assess the deviation at the surgical guide level. After placing implants in the model using the surgical guide, scan bodies were attached to the implants, and a second scan was performed to record the position of placed implants. The digital representations were later superimposed to the pre-operative scan and measurements of implant deviations were performed. Global (coronal and apical), horizontal (coronal and apical), depth and angular deviations were recorded between planned implant position, guide position, and placement implant position. Three-way ANOVA was used to compare implant location (#13, 14, and 15), fixation pin (with or without pin), and guide comparison (planned, guided, and placement). RESULTS: Final implant placement based on the digital plan and based on the 3D printed guide were very similar except for depth deviation. Use of fixation pin had a statistically significant effect on the depth and angular deviation. Overall, without fixation pins and based on guide versus placement, mean global coronal (0.88 ± 0.36 mm), horizontal coronal (0.55 ± 0.32 mm), and apical (1.44 ± 0.75 mm), and angular deviations (4.28 ± 2.01°) were similar to deviations with fixation pins: mean global coronal (0.88 ± 0.36 mm); horizontal coronal (0.67 ± 0.22 mm) and apical (1.60 ± 0.69 mm); and angular deviations (4.53 ± 2.04°). Horizontal apical without pins (1.63 ± 0.69 mm) and with fixation pins (1.72 ± 0.70 mm) was statistically significant (p = 0.044). Depth deviation without pins (-0.5 ± 0.5 mm) and with fixation pins (-0.16 ± 0.62 mm) was also statistically significant (p = 0.005). Further analysis demonstrated that the final sleeve position on the 3D printed guide was on average 0.5 mm more coronal than the digital plan. CONCLUSIONS: The use of surgical guides with or without fixation pins can provide clinically acceptable outcomes in terms of accuracy in implant position. There was a statistically significant difference in the accuracy of implant position when utilizing fixation pins only for horizontal apical and depth deviation. Additionally, a statistically significant difference between the planned and the 3D printed surgical guide when considering the sleeve position was detected.

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RESUMEN: Este informe clínico describe el tratamiento rehabilitador realizado a un paciente con fracturas horizontales de ambos incisivos centrales superiores, mediante la colocación de implantes inmediatos, utilizando una guía quirúrgica y la técnica Socket Shield. Después de un año de seguimiento, no se observan alteraciones clínicas de los tejidos duros y blandos, manteniéndose una alta estética. La cirugía guiada junto a la técnica Socket Shield es un enfoque de tratamiento prometedor para la rehabilitación con implantes de la zona anterior.

ABSTRACT: This clinical report describes the restorative treatment performed on a patient with horizontal fractures on both upper central incisors, by placing immediate implants using both surgical guide and the Socket Shield technique. After one year of monitoring, no clinical hard or soft tissues alterations were observed, maintaining high aesthetics. Guided surgery together with Socket Shield technique is a promising treatment approach for anterior implant rehabilitation.

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BACKGROUND: Technology advancement has rising in the past decade and brought several innovations and improvements. In dentistry, this advances provided more comfortable and quick procedures to both the patient and the dental surgeon, generating less predictability in the final result. Several techniques has been developed for the preparation of surgical guides aiming at the optimization of surgical procedures. The present study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility and precision of two types of surgical guides obtained using 3D printing and milling methods. METHODS: A virtual model was developed that allowed the virtual design of milled (n = 10) or 3D printed (n = 10) surgical guides. The surgical guides were digitally oriented and overlapped on the virtual model. For the milling guides, the Sirona Dentsply system was used, while the 3D printing guides were produced using EnvisionTEC's Perfactory P4K Life Series 3D printer and E-Guide Tint, a biocompatible Class I certified material. The precision and trueness of each group during overlap were assessed. The data were analyzed with GraphPad software using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality and Student's t test for the variables. RESULTS: The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed a normal distribution of the data. Comparisons between groups showed no statistically significant differences for trueness (p = 0.529) or precision (p = 0.3021). However, a significant difference was observed in the standard deviation of mismatches regarding accuracy from the master model (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, surgical guides fabricated by milling or prototyped processes achieved similar results.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of an extraoral CBCT-planned 3D-printed surgical guide aimed to percutaneous injection of substances into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM). METHODS: Nine human cadaver heads were used. Pre-planning CBCT and facial scans were obtained and three percutaneous injection sites were planned: one for the lower compartment of the TMJ and two for the LPM. A digital surgical guide was then designed with small titanium sleeves and printed by a 3D printer. After the injections, new CBCT scans with the needles in place were obtained in order to assess the accuracy of the procedure in relation to the virtual planning. RESULTS: The mean values for angle deviation were very low (range 1.13o-4.08o), the same happening for the mean difference in the length reached (range 1.82-2.64 mm), as well as for the mean difference in the needle tip dislocation (range 0.94-2.03 mm). CONCLUSION: The guide seems to be a reliable tool for accurate percutaneous injection of drugs into the inferior compartment of the TMJ and the LPM. Further studies are necessary to test the efficacy and validate the method in an in vivo study.

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Dental surgeons need in-depth knowledge of the bone tissue status and gingival morphology of atrophic maxillae. The aim of this study is to describe preoperative virtual planning of placement of 5 implants and to compare the plan with the actual surgical results. Three-dimensional (3D) planning of rehabilitation using software programs enables surgical guides to be specially designed for the implant site and manufactured using 3D printing. A patient with 5 teeth missing was selected for this study. The patient's maxillary region was scanned with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and a cast model was produced. After virtual planning using ImplantViewer, 5 implants were placed using a printed surgical guide. Two weeks after the surgical procedure, the patient underwent another CBCT scan of the maxilla. Statistically significant differences were detected between the virtually planned positions and the actual positions of the implants, with a mean deviation of 0.36 mm in the cervical region and 0.7 mm in the apical region. The surgical technique used enables more accurate procedures compared with the conventional technique. Implants can be better positioned, with a high level of predictability, reducing both operating time and patient discomfort.

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La microcirugía endodóntica (MCE) es una alternativa al tratamiento no quirúrgico de la periodontitis apical persistente. Por su evolución junto a los avances tecnológicos, la incorporación de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT), la tecnología de impresión tridimensional (3D) y las guías quirúrgicas diseñadas con software asistido por computadora, han permitido implementar la planificación digital llevada a cabo en el acto quirúrgico. El objetivo de este informe es describir un caso clínico de MCE guiada, con un protocolo de diseño digital y el uso de una guía quirúrgica impresa en resina biocompatible, diseñada con precisión de acuerdo con las mediciones de CBCT preoperatorias. Se diseñó un kit de trefinas con "sleeves" (Neokings) para realizar la osteotomía y resección de los últimos 3 mm apicales direccionados por la guía quirúrgica. La tabla cortical intacta se recuperó y se utilizó como injerto junto con plasma rico en fibrina. La guía de cirugía apical permite al profesional lograr ubicar con precisión los tejidos objetivos de la cirugía y acortar el tiempo del procedimiento. Un control CBCT inmediato mostró la planificación exacta en 3D del sitio quirúrgico (AU)

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O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso clínico no qual foi utilizado o sistema KEA-TECH, para planejamento e confecção do guia tomográfi co/cirúrgico na colocação de implante cone-morse com carga imediata. Foi proposta ao paciente (sexo masculino, 69 anos), com fratura radicular do elemento 11, a utilização da coroa natural remanescente como elemento provisório imediato. Pôde-se concluir que o planejamento adequado garante sucesso na reabilitação com implantes em áreas estéticas. Além disso, a utilização do sistema KEA-TECH proporciona facilidade e rapidez nos procedimentos clínicos.

The aim of this study was to report a clinical case where the KEA-TECH system was used to plan the tomographic/surgical guide and place a morse cone implant for immediate loading. The male, 69 years-old patient presented a root fracture at tooth 11, and his natural crown was used as a provisional immediate restoration. It was demonstrated that the adequate planning guarantees the success of implant rehabilitation in esthetic areas. Besides, the use of the KEA-TECH system allows for an easier and speed procedure at the daily clinics.

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A credibilidade alcançada pela osseointegração tem motivado pesquisadores e clínicos a extrapolarem sua aplicação, no intuito de otimizar as reabilitações protéticas implanto-suportadas. Desta forma, novos conceitos e tendências têm surgido, buscando oferecer aos pacientes maior agilidade, precisão, conforto e previsibilidade no tratamento com implantes osseointegrados. Nesta linha, procedimentos guiados por computador, através dos quais é possível um planejamento protético-cirúrgico prévio, tornaram-se importantes ferramentas de uso clínico. Quando indicados de maneira criteriosa e associados a implantes com performance e anatomia adequadas, prestam auxílio interessante aos profissionais que objetivam reabilitações em carga/função imediata. Este trabalho apresenta um novo conceito de implante, também desenvolvido para utilização em procedimentos de carga imediata e, através de um relato clínico, descreve sua utilização num procedimento guiado por computador.

The credibility achieved by osseiontegration has motivated its larger application, looking for optimal implanted supported prosthetic rehabilitations. On this way, new concepts and tendencies raised in order to offer to the patients speed, precision, comfort and predictability. So, computer guided procedures allowed a previous planning and became an important clinical tool. If indicated in a criterious way and associated to proper design implants, they provided a remarkable support to dentists who aims immediate loading. This paper presents a new implant concept developed to be used at immediate loading procedures and describes, through a clinical report, its use associated to a computer guided procedure.

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