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PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical outcomes after SABR in a cohort of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or pulmonary metastases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with forced expiratory volume in the first second predicted (FEV1) ≤ 50%. METHODS: Retrospective single-center study was performed to analyze clinical outcomes and toxicities in COPD patients with severe lung dysfunction treated with SABR from 1st June 2015 to 31st October 2022. RESULTS: Thirty four patients (forty locations) were enrolled for analysis. Median follow-up was 2.9 years. Median age was 73.5 years (range, 65.6-80.1). FEV1 was 38% (range, 28.2-50.0) prior to radiotherapy. Median overall survival (OS) was 41.1 months (95% CI 38.9-not reached). OS rates at 2-, 3-, and 5- years were 79%, 71%, and 36%, respectively. Cancer-specific survival rates at 2-, 3-, and 5- years were 96%, 96%, and 68%, respectively. Local control rates at 2-, 3-, and 5- years were 88%, 83%, and 83%, respectively. No grade 4 or 5 toxicity was observed. The most common acute toxicity was pneumonitis (38.2%), of which only 1 patient (2.9%) reported grade 3 acute toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Lung SABR in patients with poor pulmonary function may be effective with acceptable toxicity.
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Objective The intracavitary irradiation of cystic tumors has been used as a therapeutic alternative modality in the management of cystic craniopharyngiomas. In the present study, we review our experience, considering the technical issues, outcomes, and complications associated with the use of stereotactic intracavitary irradiation (SICI) with colloidal rhenium-186 (186Re) for cystic craniopharyngioma. Material and Methods The records of 33 patients with cystic craniopharyngiomas treated by SICI with colloidal 186Re were retrospectively reviewed. The median radiation dose to the cyst wall was of 408 Gy (range: 175 Gy to 500 Gy). All tumors were composed of a large cyst cavity, and 9 (27.3%) also had a solid component. The mean follow-up period was of 3.7 years. Results After SICI, 31 (93.9%) patients showed radiological evidence of cyst regression, and, in 2 (6.1%), no response was observed. An improvement in the visual deficits was observed in 8 cases (24.2%), and an improvement in endocrinogical disturbances, in 2 cases (6.1%). We observed complications in 3 patients (9.1%): diabetes insupidus in 1 case (3%), aggravation of visual acuity in 1 case (3%), and severe headache after infusion of the colloid in 1 case (3%); and 1 patient (3%) died after meningitis. Conclusion Stereotactic intracavitary irradiation with colloidal 186Re is a safe procedure, with satisfactory results in the present series, and should be considered, in the management of cystic craniopharyngiomas, the first-intention therapy or as an adjuvant to other therapeutical modalities, with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates.
Objetivo A irradiação intracavitária tem sido empregada como modalidade terapêutica alternativa no manejo dos craniofaringiomas císticos. No presente estudo, revisamos nossa experiência, considerando parâmetros técnicos, resultados e complicações associadas ao uso da irradiação estereotáxica intracavitária (IEIC) com rênio186 (186Re) coloidal em pacientes com craniofaringiomas císticos. Material e Métodos Os prontuários de 33 pacientes com craniofaringiomas císticos tratados por IEIC com 186Re coloidal foram revisados retrospectivamente. A dose média de radiação na parede do cisto foi de 408 Gy (variação: 175 Gy a 500 Gy). Todos os tumores eram compostos por uma grande porção cística, e, em 9 casos (27,3%) havia também um componente sólido. O período médio de seguimento foi de 3,7 anos. Resultados Após a IEIC, 31 (93,9%) pacientes apresentaram evidência radiológica de regressão do cisto, e em 2 (6,1%) não foi observada resposta. Melhora do déficit visual foi observada em 8 casos (24,2%), e dos distúrbios endocrinológicos, em 2 casos (6,1%). Complicações ocorreram em 3 pacientes (9,1%): diabetes insipidus em 1 caso (3%), piora da acuidade visual em 1 caso (3%), e cefaleia intensa após a infusão do coloide em 1 caso (3%); e 1 paciente (3%) faleceu após meningite. Conclusão A IEIC com 186Re coloidal é um procedimento seguro, com resultados satisfatórios nesta série, e deve ser considerada no manejo de craniofaringiomas císticos, seja como intervenção primária, seja como adjuvante a outras modalidades terapêuticas, com taxas de morbidade e mortalidade aceitáveis.
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PURPOSE: This study sought to discern the clinical outcomes of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) administered to the spine in patients who had undergone previous radiotherapy. METHODS: A total of 81 sites of 74 patients who underwent previous radiotherapy administered to the spine or peri-spine and subsequently received IMRT for the spine were analyzed in this study. The prescribed dose of 80 Gy in a biologically effective dose (BED) of α/ß = 10 (BED10) was set as the planning target volume. The constraint for the spinal cord and cauda equine was D0.1 cc ≤ 100 Gy and ≤ 150 Gy of BED for re-irradiation alone and the total irradiation dose, respectively. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 10.1 (0.9-92.1) months after re-irradiation, while the median interval from the last day of the previous radiotherapy to the time of re-irradiation was 15.6 (0.4-210.1) months. Separately, the median prescript dose of re-irradiation was 78.0 (28.0-104.9) of BED10. The median survival time in this study was 13.9 months, with 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of 53.7%, 29.3%, and 26.6%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year local control rates were 90.8%, 84.0%, and 84.0%, respectively. Neurotoxicity was observed in two of 72 treatments (2.8%) assessed after re-irradiation. CONCLUSION: Re-irradiation for the spine using IMRT seems well-tolerated. Definitive re-irradiation can be a feasible treatment option in patients with the potential for a good prognosis.
Assuntos
Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada , Reirradiação/métodos , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/radioterapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Cauda Equina/efeitos da radiação , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Órgãos em Risco/efeitos da radiação , Tolerância a Radiação , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Reirradiação/efeitos adversos , Eficiência Biológica Relativa , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medula Espinal/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/mortalidade , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Breast cancer is the leading cause of brain metastases in women. Large randomized clinical trials that have evaluated local therapies in patients with brain metastases include patients with brain metastases from a variety of cancer types. The incidence of brain metastases in the breast cancer population continues to grow, which is, aside from the rising breast cancer incidence, mainly attributable to improvements in systemic therapies leading to more durable control of extracranial metastatic disease and prolonged survival. The management of breast cancer brain metastases remains challenging, even more so with the continued advancement of local and highly effective systemic therapies. For most patients, a metastases-directed initial approach (i.e., radiation, surgery) represents the most appropriate initial therapy. Treatment should be based on multidisciplinary team discussions and a shared decision with the patients taking into account the risks and benefits of each therapeutic modality with the goal of prolonging survival while maintaining quality of life. In this narrative review, a multidisciplinary group of experts will address challenging questions in the context of current scientific literature and propose a therapeutic algorithm for breast cancer patients with brain metastases.