RESUMO
This study explored the impact of various label information (extrinsic attributes) and sociodemographic and attitudinal factors (intrinsic attributes) on Brazilian consumer choices, using simulated traditional and plant-based muçarela cheese as the model product. The research was conducted in two phases: the first involved a structured questionnaire assessing attitudinal dimensions such as Health Consciousness, Climate Change, Plant-based Diets, and Food Neophobia, along with sociodemographic data collection. The second phase comprised a discrete choice experiment with (n = 52) and without (n = 509) eye tracking. The term "Cheese" on labels increased choice probability by 7.6% in a general survey and 15.1% in an eye tracking study. A prolonged gaze at "Cheese" did not affect choice, while more views of "Plant-based product" slightly raised choice likelihood by 2.5%. Repeatedly revisiting these terms reduced the choice probability by 3.7% for "Cheese" and 1% for "Plant-based product". Nutritional claims like "Source of Vitamins B6 and B12" and "Source of Proteins and Calcium" boosted choice probabilities by 4.97% and 5.69% in the general and 8.4% and 6.9% in the eye-tracking experiment, respectively. Conversely, front-of-package labeling indicating high undesirable nutrient content decreased choice by 13% for magnifying presentations and 15.6% for text. In a plant-based subsample, higher environmental concerns and openness to plant-based diets increased choice probabilities by 5.31% and 5.1%, respectively. These results highlight the complex dynamics between label information, consumer understanding, and decision-making.
RESUMO
Boursin is a versatile semisoft cheese that can be made with different types of milk. While widely distributed in the European and North American markets, Boursin is produced to a limited extent in Brazil despite its commercial potential. This scenario encourages consumer-oriented product development studies by facilitating data collection with less bias and fewer product preconceptions, thus favoring the investigation of technological aspects of commercial interest. This study evaluates Brazilians' perceptions regarding different versions of Boursin cheese, with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the factors related to choosing cheese. Four attributes related to cheese production were evaluated at three different levels using two discrete choice experiments: one with eye tracking (n = 20) and another without (n = 312). These attributes included "type of processing" (evaluating pasteurization, ohmic heating, and preparation with raw milk), "animal origin of milk" (cow, goat, or buffalo milk), "type of product" (traditional, light, and lactose-free versions), and "price" (10.99, 13.99, and 16.99 BRL). Information regarding processing with ohmic heating did not affect the probability of Boursin being chosen, suggesting that consumers are open to using this emerging technology in Boursin cheese. However, information on being made with goat, buffalo, and raw milk negatively impacted the probability of choice, along with the price of 16.99 BRL. The frequency of cheese consumption and the level of health concerns also affected the probability of choosing the product. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Identifying the relationship between extrinsic attributes presented on the Boursin cheese label and the consumer's choice process can aid the communication process with the target audience and reveal how some technological issues of interest to manufacturers are perceived. This study indicates how information regarding the animal origin of the milk (cow, goat, and buffalo), the type of processing (pasteurization, ohmic heating, and raw milk), the version of the product (traditional, light, and lactose-free), and the price affect the consumer choice process. The results provide insights that can be applied to product processing and designing labels.
Assuntos
Queijo , Comportamento do Consumidor , População da América do Sul , Animais , Bovinos , Feminino , Humanos , Bison , Búfalos , Tecnologia de Rastreamento Ocular , Cabras , Lactose , LeiteRESUMO
The future availability and quality of natural resources essential to life such as ecosystem services and biodiversity depend on the conservation and restoration of native vegetation. The Brazilian Native Vegetation Protection Law (NVPL) requires farmers to conserve a minimum percentage of native vegetation within their properties as Legal Reserves (LR) as well as riparian forests and hilltops as Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs). To monitor the conservation and facilitate the compliance of these areas, the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA) were created. However, so far, little is known about farmers' interest in joining the PRA and the actions they intend to take to correct their past illegal deforestation. This article explores a unique dataset comprising of the individual answers of 97 thousand farmers in the states of Pará and Mato Grosso given to the Brazilian Forest Service in the process of joining at the national rural environmental registry system. We found that the adherence to the PRA is positively correlated with recognition of the LR deficit and the size of the rural property. Also medium and large landowners and crop producers tend to seek compliance by taking actions outside the farm (compensation), while small farmers and squatters are more likely to act inside their own areas (restoration). Understanding farmers' interests and options for LR compliance can contribute for the formulation of more effective implementation strategies for PRA and NVPL.
Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Fazendeiros , Agricultura , Brasil , Ecossistema , Humanos , Sistema de Registros , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Alguns estudos presumem que a predição dos valores humanos sobre as escolhas dos consumidores é mediada pelas atitudes dos produtos, todavia não testam se eles são moderadores dessa relação e supressores da escolha anterior. A moderação e supressão seriam prováveis ao observar a qualidade e o grau das intensificações ou atenuações dos valores nas decisões e nas inércias das escolhas, não pressupondo serem causas delas. Efetuaram-se testes de interação dos valores junto à importância dos critérios de decisão para predizer preferência por produtos e marcas, considerando a escolha anterior. As regressões logísticas e ordinais demonstram que os valores humanos moderam a relação decisões-preferência e suprimem a influência inercial da escolha anterior com bons ajustes e poderes preditivos. Os resultados auxiliam a compreender o papel dos valores humanos nas escolhas dos consumidores.(AU)
Some studies assume that the prediction of human values on consumer choices is mediated by the attitudes of the products, but do not test if they are moderators of this relation and suppressors of the previous choice. The moderation and suppression would be likely observing the quality and level of intensification or attenuation of the values on decisions and on the inertia of choices, assuming they are not causes of them. We performed interaction tests of values with the importance of decision criteria to predict preference for products and brands, considering the previous choice. Logistic and ordinal regressions reveal that human values moderate the decisions regarding preference and suppress the inertial influence of previous choice with good fit and predictive power. The results help to understand the role of human values on consumer choices.(AU)
Algunos estudios suponen que la predicción de los valores humanos en las opciones del consumidor es mediada por las actitudes de los productos, pero no prueban si son moderadores de esta relación y supresores de la opción anterior. La moderación y la supresión serían probables observando la calidad y el grado de intensificación o atenuación de los valores en las decisiones y la inercia de las opciones, suponiendo que no son las causas de ellas. Realizamos pruebas de interacción de los valores con la importancia de los criterios de decisión para predecir la preferencia por los productos y marcas, teniendo en cuenta la opción anterior. Regresiones logísticas y ordinales demuestran que los valores humanos moderan las decisiones con respecto a la preferencia y eliminan la influencia de inercia de la opción anterior, con buenos ajustes y poderes predictivos. Los resultados ayudan a entender el papel de los valores humanos en las decisiones de consumo.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Valores Sociais , Comportamento de Escolha , Psicologia Aplicada , Qualidade de Produtos para o Consumidor , AutomóveisRESUMO
Alguns estudos presumem que a predição dos valores humanos sobre as escolhas dos consumidores é mediada pelas atitudes dos produtos, todavia não testam se eles são moderadores dessa relação e supressores da escolha anterior. A moderação e supressão seriam prováveis ao observar a qualidade e o grau das intensificações ou atenuações dos valores nas decisões e nas inércias das escolhas, não pressupondo serem causas delas. Efetuaram-se testes de interação dos valores junto à importância dos critérios de decisão para predizer preferência por produtos e marcas, considerando a escolha anterior. As regressões logísticas e ordinais demonstram que os valores humanos moderam a relação decisões-preferência e suprimem a influência inercial da escolha anterior com bons ajustes e poderes preditivos. Os resultados auxiliam a compreender o papel dos valores humanos nas escolhas dos consumidores...
Some studies assume that the prediction of human values on consumer choices is mediated by the attitudes of the products, but do not test if they are moderators of this relation and suppressors of the previous choice. The moderation and suppression would be likely observing the quality and level of intensification or attenuation of the values on decisions and on the inertia of choices, assuming they are not causes of them. We performed interaction tests of values with the importance of decision criteria to predict preference for products and brands, considering the previous choice. Logistic and ordinal regressions reveal that human values moderate the decisions regarding preference and suppress the inertial influence of previous choice with good fit and predictive power. The results help to understand the role of human values on consumer choices...
Algunos estudios suponen que la predicción de los valores humanos en las opciones del consumidor es mediada por las actitudes de los productos, pero no prueban si son moderadores de esta relación y supresores de la opción anterior. La moderación y la supresión serían probables observando la calidad y el grado de intensificación o atenuación de los valores en las decisiones y la inercia de las opciones, suponiendo que no son las causas de ellas. Realizamos pruebas de interacción de los valores con la importancia de los criterios de decisión para predecir la preferencia por los productos y marcas, teniendo en cuenta la opción anterior. Regresiones logísticas y ordinales demuestran que los valores humanos moderan las decisiones con respecto a la preferencia y eliminan la influencia de inercia de la opción anterior, con buenos ajustes y poderes predictivos. Los resultados ayudan a entender el papel de los valores humanos en las decisiones de consumo...