RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Marmosets (Callithrix sp.), including black-tuffed marmosets (C. penicillata), are neotropical primates that can be highly adapted to urban environments, especially parks and forested areas near cities. Staphylococcus spp. are part of the microbiota of many different hosts and lead to opportunistic severe infection. Isolates from wild animals can be resistant to antimicrobial drugs. However, there are a few studies that evaluated Staphylococcus spp. in neotropical primates. The goal of this study was to evaluate Staphylococcus spp. isolated from free-ranging black-tuffed marmosets. METHODS: Marmosets were captured in six urban parks. After sedation, skin and rectal swabs and feces were sampled. Staphylococcus spp. isolates were identified by MALDI-ToF and their antimicrobial susceptibility was determined. RESULTS: Over 30% of captured individuals were positive for Staphylococcus spp., and S. aureus was the most isolated species followed by Mammaliicoccus (Staphylococcus) sciuri. With the exception of the marmoset subjected to necropsy, none of the other had lesions, which supports that notion that Staphylococcus spp. are members of the microbiota, but also opportunistic pathogens. Most isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested; however, one isolate of S. epidermidis was resistant to multiple antimicrobials (penicillin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and erythromycin). We considered S. aureus as the main staphylococci to colonize black-tuffed marmosets. CONCLUSIONS: Black-tuffed marmosets can be colonized by several Staphylococcus species, most frequently by S. aureus, and the majority of isolates were sensible to the antimicrobials tested. One S. epidermidis isolate was considered multidrug resistant.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Callithrix , Doenças dos Macacos , Infecções Estafilocócicas , Staphylococcus , Animais , Callithrix/microbiologia , Staphylococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Macacos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Macacos/epidemiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Feminino , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Masculino , Microbiota/efeitos dos fármacos , Cidades , Brasil/epidemiologia , Fezes/microbiologiaRESUMO
In addition to the industrial and biomedical applications of lithium, information on the tolerance of microorganisms to high Li concentrations in natural biological systems is limited. Strain LCHXa is a novel free-living Gram-positive, non-motile bacterium strain isolated from water samples taken at Laguna Chaxa, a non-industrial water body with the highest soluble Li content (33 mM LiCl) within the Salar de Atacama basin in northern Chile. Enrichment was conducted in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium supplemented with 1 M LiCl. Strain LCHXa was a Novobiocin-resistant and coagulase negative Staphylococcus. Phylogenetically, strain LCHXa belongs to the species Staphylococcus sciuri. Strain LCHXa grew optimally in LB medium at pH 6-8 and 37 °C, and it was able to sustain growth at molar Li concentrations at 2 M LiCl, with a decrease in the specific growth rate of 85%. Osmoregulation in strain LCHXa partially involves glycine betaine and glycerol as compatible solutes.
RESUMO
Subcutaneous mass was found in ICR mouse during daily health observation in the breeding colony of the National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Thailand. The animal was subsequently culled and humanely sacrificed due to the institutional preventive medicine policy. Microbiological and histopathological studies were performed for definitive diagnosis. The results described that the case was subcutaneous abscess and chronic dermatitis in association with Staphylococcus sciuri infection without epizootic and mortality. This was determined as the first reported case in Thailand occurring in mouse. Reproductive stress and abrasion skin wound may be the predisposing factors. Although pathogenic staphylococci in laboratory animals are limited to S. aureus and S. xylosus, S. sciuri opportunistic properties, natural history, and heterogeneity should not be forgotten.(AU)
Uma massa subcutânea foi encontrada em um rato ICR durante uma observação diária de saúde na colônia reprodutora do Laboratório do Centro Animal Nacional, na Universidade de Mahidol, Tailândia. O animal foi selecionado e humanamente sacrificado devido à política institucional de medicina preventiva. Estudos microbiológicos e histopatológicos foram realizados para um diagnóstico definitivo. Os resultados descrevem que o caso foi um abcesso subcutâneo e dermatite crônica associado com infecção por Staphylococcus sciuri sem epizootia e mortalidade. Este foi determinado como o primeiro caso relatado em ratos na Tailândia. Estresse reprodutivo e ferida abrasiva na pele podem ser os fatores de predisposição. Apesar de staphylococci patogênicos em animais de laboratório serem limitados a S. aureus E S. xylosus, as propriedades oportunistas, história natural e heterogeneidade do S. sciuri não devem ser esquecidos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Dermatite/veterinária , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Staphylococcus , TailândiaRESUMO
Subcutaneous mass was found in ICR mouse during daily health observation in the breeding colony of the National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Thailand. The animal was subsequently culled and humanely sacrificed due to the institutional preventive medicine policy. Microbiological and histopathological studies were performed for definitive diagnosis. The results described that the case was subcutaneous abscess and chronic dermatitis in association with Staphylococcus sciuri infection without epizootic and mortality. This was determined as the first reported case in Thailand occurring in mouse. Reproductive stress and abrasion skin wound may be the predisposing factors. Although pathogenic staphylococci in laboratory animals are limited to S. aureus and S. xylosus, S. sciuri opportunistic properties, natural history, and heterogeneity should not be forgotten.(AU)
Uma massa subcutânea foi encontrada em um rato ICR durante uma observação diária de saúde na colônia reprodutora do Laboratório do Centro Animal Nacional, na Universidade de Mahidol, Tailândia. O animal foi selecionado e humanamente sacrificado devido à política institucional de medicina preventiva. Estudos microbiológicos e histopatológicos foram realizados para um diagnóstico definitivo. Os resultados descrevem que o caso foi um abcesso subcutâneo e dermatite crônica associado com infecção por Staphylococcus sciuri sem epizootia e mortalidade. Este foi determinado como o primeiro caso relatado em ratos na Tailândia. Estresse reprodutivo e ferida abrasiva na pele podem ser os fatores de predisposição. Apesar de staphylococci patogênicos em animais de laboratório serem limitados a S. aureus E S. xylosus, as propriedades oportunistas, história natural e heterogeneidade do S. sciuri não devem ser esquecidos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Staphylococcus , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Dermatite/veterinária , TailândiaRESUMO
Oxacillin/methicillin-resistance is related to the mecA and its regulatory genes mecR1 and mecI. Its origin is still unknown, although evidences support that it is related to CNS, once mecA and a homologue gene, pbpD, were both detected in Staphylococcus sciuri species group. The present work evaluated 210 samples of skin and ear swabs from rodents and 60 nasal swabs from equines of Army Biologic Institute, Rio de Janeiro. Pheno- and genotypic characterization provided 59.52% (25/42) and 78.57% (11/14) S. lentus and S. sciuri, respectively. It was observed that although all S. sciuri isolates tested positive for pbpD, there was no correlation with oxacillin-resistance. On the other hand, isolates tested positive for mecA gene also presented phenotypic oxacillin-resistance in at least one assay. The alignment of the mecA gene showed that the nucleotide sequences were sorted into 2 different groups, one comprising the bovine strains and the other containing human and equine strains.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação às Penicilinas/genética , Staphylococcus/genética , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Orelha/microbiologia , Genes Bacterianos , Cavalos , Mucosa Nasal/microbiologia , Oxacilina/farmacologia , Roedores , Pele/microbiologia , Staphylococcus/isolamento & purificação , Resistência beta-LactâmicaRESUMO
Oxacillin/methicillin-resistance is related to the mecA and its regulatory genes mecR1 and mecI. Its origin is still unknown, although evidences support that it is related to CNS, once mecA and a homologue gene, pbpD, were both detected in Staphylococcus sciuri species group. The present work evaluated 210 samples of skin and ear swabs from rodents and 60 nasal swabs from equines of Army Biologic Institute, Rio de Janeiro. Pheno- and genotypic characterization provided 59.52% (25/42) and 78.57% (11/14) S. lentus and S. sciuri, respectively. It was observed that although all S. sciuri isolates tested positive for pbpD, there was no correlation with oxacillin-resistance. On the other hand, isolates tested positive for mecA gene also presented phenotypic oxacillin-resistance in at least one assay. The alignment of the mecA gene showed that the nucleotide sequences were sorted into 2 different groups, one comprising the bovine strains and the other containing human and equine strains.
Assuntos
Animais , Proteínas de Ligação às Penicilinas/genética , Staphylococcus/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Resistência beta-Lactâmica , Orelha/microbiologia , Genes Bacterianos , Cavalos , Mucosa Nasal/microbiologia , Oxacilina/farmacologia , Roedores , Pele/microbiologia , Staphylococcus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Oxacillin/methicillin-resistance is related to the mecA and its regulatory genes mecR1 and mecI. Its origin is still unknown, although evidences support that it is related to CNS, once mecA and a homologue gene, pbpD, were both detected in Staphylococcus sciuri species group. The present work evaluated 210 samples of skin and ear swabs from rodents and 60 nasal swabs from equines of Army Biologic Institute, Rio de Janeiro. Pheno- and genotypic characterization provided 59.52% (25/42) and 78.57% (11/14) S. lentus and S. sciuri, respectively. It was observed that although all S. sciuri isolates tested positive for pbpD, there was no correlation with oxacillin-resistance. On the other hand, isolates tested positive for mecA gene also presented phenotypic oxacillin-resistance in at least one assay. The alignment of the mecA gene showed that the nucleotide sequences were sorted into 2 different groups, one comprising the bovine strains and the other containing human and equine strains.