RESUMO
Dinidor jograziae sp. nov., is described. The new species can be recognized by the relatively shorter mandibular plates which do not come in contact with each other anterior to the clypeus, by the dark brown hemelytral membranes, with darker, reticulate veins, and by having a relatively large portion of the connexiva exposed. We provide high-resolution photographs of important characters such as the head, pronotum, and the male and female external genitalia. We also provide new locality records for D. saucius from southern and southeastern Brazil, including the Atlantic Rain Forest region in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and São Paulo.
Assuntos
Heterópteros , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Genitália Feminina , Hemípteros , Heterópteros/classificação , Masculino , Floresta ÚmidaRESUMO
The genus Meriola Banks currently includes 24 known species of spiders distributed across America, especially in southern South America. They have a nearly straight and narrower posterior eye row compared to other American genera of Trachelidae, and elongated and sharply tipped ventral leg cuspules. The study of specimens of Meriola available in collections revealed two undescribed species, M. avalosi sp. nov. and M. peras sp. nov., and the previously unknown females of M. balcarce Platnick Ewing and M. quilicura Platnick Ewing, all of which are described here. The female of M. lineolata (Mello-Leitão) comb. nov., transferred from Cetonana Strand, is described for the first time. Two further new combinations are proposed here: M. macrocephala (Nicolet) comb. nov., transferred from Trachelopachys Simon, and M. setosa (Simon) comb. nov., transferred from Cetonana; these two species are also considered senior synonyms of M. barrosi (Mello-Leitão) and M. hyltonae (Mello-Leitão), respectively. Additionally, a new sex matching of M. ramirezi Platnick Ewing and M. davidi Grismado is proposed, with a redescription of the female of M. ramirezi provided. New geographical records are provided for all of the species, with images and a revised diagnosis for the genus and the previously known species.
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Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Feminino , GeografiaRESUMO
We revise the genus Acanthoctenus Keyserling, 1877 recognizing thirteen valid species, of which five are new species and two are re-validated. Further, we find one new synonymy and transfer one species. We describe Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov. from Guatemala, A. chickeringi sp. nov. and A. lamarrei sp. nov. from Panama, A. manauara sp. nov. from Brazil and A. torotoro sp. nov. from Bolivia. We revalidate Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res. from Venezuela, and A. virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov. from El Salvador. We transfer Acanthoctenus mammifer to Viracucha mammifer (Mello-Leitão, 1939) comb. nov., from Brazil. Acanthoctenus maculatus Petrunkevitch, 1925 and Gephyroctenus kolosvaryi Caporiacco, 1947 are considered species inquirendae in Acanthocteninae and Ctenidae, respectively, and A. obauratus Simon, 1906 and A. rubrotaeniatus Mello-Leitão, 1947 are considered incertae sedis in Acanthocteninae and Acantheinae, respectively. We also describe for the first time the female of Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, the type species of the genus. We provide illustrations of male and female diagnostic characters, genitalia, habitus, and measurements to support the genus re-description and further identification of its species. We yield a distributional map of the specimens recorded and the description of the natural history of Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov.
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Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
The genus Traverella Edmunds, 1948 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) has 15 described species, three of them recorded from Brazil: Traverella bradleyi (Needham Murphy, 1924), T. insolita Nascimento Salles, 2013 and T. maranhensis Nascimento, Lima Azevedo, 2019. In the present work, we provide the description of a new species to the genus based on nymphs and male imagos and provide description of the nymphal stage of T. maranhensis, based on collections from Maranhão State. Additionally, an updated key of male imagos is provided.
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Ephemeroptera , Animais , Brasil , Masculino , NinfaRESUMO
We present an updated checklist of the rotifer fauna from inland aquatic habitats in continental Ecuador and the Galápagos islands based on published rotifer records found in the literature. The checklist summarizes the status of the current taxonomic and faunistic knowledge on rotifers in Ecuador, updates the nomenclature, and reports the regions where each species has been found in the country. A total of 287 valid species (269 monogononts and 18 bdelloids was found. The Ecuadorian region with the highest number of records was Amazonia (228) followed by the Coastal region (139) and the Andes (121), whereas in the Galápagos Archipelago only 40 species have been recorded. Studies of the rotifer fauna of the areas are scarce and quite recent, pointing to important gaps in our knowledge on taxonomy and biogeography of Ecuadorian rotifers.
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Rotíferos , Animais , Ecossistema , EquadorRESUMO
Elmidae is one of the most diverse families of aquatic beetles, with more than 1500 species in 151 genera. The Neotropical genus Portelmis formerly comprised five species known from Central and northern South America, divided into two species groups. Three new Brazilian species from the nevermanni group are described and illustrated here: Portelmis vanini sp. nov., Portelmis krolowi sp. nov. and Portelmis fusariae sp. nov. New species records for the North, Central-West and Southeast of Brazil are presented. We also provide first SEM images and an updated key for Portelmis species.
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Besouros , AnimaisRESUMO
Myrmecotypus tahyinandu sp. n. is described from the Bolivian Chiquitano forest, and M. niger Chickering, 1937 is recorded from Bolivia for the first time. The morphological differentiation among the closely related M. tahyinandu sp. n. and M. iguazu Rubio Arbino, 2009 is likely attributable to the selection for specific ant mimicry. Adults of M. tahyinandu sp. n. are accurate mimics of the ant Camponotus crassus Mayr, 1862, M. iguazu of C. sericeiventris (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), and M. niger of Dolichoderus bispinosus (Olivier, 1792). This study is the first to identify ant models for morphologically closely related Castianeirinae, providing a promising starting point for future research on ant mimicry.
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Formigas , Aranhas , Animais , NígerRESUMO
Euscarthmus pygmy-tyrants include two species of tiny passerines that inhabit semi-open landscapes in South America. One of these, Euscarthmus meloryphus is a taxonomic complex comprising three recognized subspecies for which previously proposed splits and lumps were not founded on proper taxonomic analysis. We assessed morphology (morphometrics and plumage), distribution models, and vocalizations of a substantial dataset with the aim of evaluating species limits within the E. meloryphus complex. Our results support the recognition of two species, the widespread E. meloryphus from east-central South America, and E. fulviceps from Ecuador and Peru, which are clearly diagnosable on morphological and vocal characters. We consider that E. meloryphus paulus from Colombia and Venezuela is a synonym of the nominotypical taxon based on the absence of diagnostic vocal and morphological characters. The allopatric distribution of the two populations of E. meloryphus may be related to the savannah connections during the LGM in South America. Further, we show that Lepturus ruficeps Swainson, 1838 is a synonym of E. rufomarginatus instead of E. meloryphus as it has long been treated.
Assuntos
Passeriformes , Animais , FilogeniaRESUMO
Temnocephala iheringi Haswell, 1893 was recorded in Marisa planogyra Pilsbry, 1933 and Pomacea maculata Perry, 1810. Also, Temnocephala amatoi sp. nov. was described from Pomacea scalaris (d'Orbigny, 1835). The mollusks were collected from temporary ponds at Ypiranga Farm, Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The new species differs from six other species of Temnocephala Blanchard, 1849 epibionts on molluks by having the following combination of characters: 1. a short and curved cirrus; 2. a narrow introvert with approximately 22 longitudinal rows of spines with 13 spines each; 3. internal spines with a narrow base, longer on the base of the introvert and smaller in the distal portion; 4. a single and asymmetrical vaginal sphincter and; 5. elliptical, longer than wide epidermal 'excretory' syncytial plates (EPs) with a excretory pore displaced to the anterior portion of the plate. Temnocephala lamothei Damborenea Brusa, 2008 has a curved cirrus, similar in size to the new species' cirrus. However, the introvert is not swollen with an oblique proximal margin, marked with a thickened oblique ring and two rows of 45-50 thin spines, differentiating the species from T. amatoi sp. nov.. When comparing the specimens of T. iheringi from Poconé with the redescription of the species from Southern Brazil previously published by the authors, we found significant intraspecific variation in the size of the adhesive disk, pharynx length, shaft and introvert length, spines of the introvert length, as well as differences in the number of paranephrocytes. The size of the EPs and, when comparing with published data from Uruguayan and Argentinean specimens, the body size also showed important differences. We hypothesize that the host species may be the cause of the intraspecific variations found. Overall, the record of two new hosts for T. iheringi, the intraspecific variation found in this species and its geographical distribution being expanded 418 km further to the north, together with the description of a new species, add acknowledgment to the Rhabdocoela fauna in the Brazilian Pantanal.
Assuntos
Platelmintos , Turbelários , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Moluscos , Áreas AlagadasRESUMO
Two new species of Acanthoderini are described: Aegomorphus antonkozlovi, from Peru; and Plistonax antonkozlovi, from Panama. The male of Oreodera advena Martins Galileo, 2005 is described for the first time, and a new Colombian department record is provided.
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Besouros , Animais , MasculinoRESUMO
A new synonymy is proposed for Anisopodesthes Melzer, 1931 (junior synonym of Lathroeus Thomson, 1864), with the consequent new combination for Lathroeus zikani (Melzer, 1931). The following species are transferred from Nealcidion Monné, 1977 to Lathroeus: L. decoratus (Melzer, 1932), comb. nov. (= Alcidion decoratum); L. interrogationis (Bates, 1863), comb. nov. (= Alcidion interrogationis); and L. simillimus (Melzer, 1932), comb. nov. (= Alcidion simillimum). Moreover, a key for the species of Lathroeus is provided and the unknown female of L. zikani is described for the first time.
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Besouros , Animais , FemininoRESUMO
Three new species are described from Ecuador: Scythropopsis granitica (Lamiinae, Acanthoderini); Apeba danielvlasaki (Lamiinae, Hemilophini); and Giesberteclipta unicolor (Cerambycinae, Rhinotragini). Two new species are described from Honduras: Anelaphus rotundus (Cerambycinae, Elaphidiini); and Euderces hefferni (Cerambycinae, Tillomorphini). A key to species of Apeba Martins Galileo, 1991, and Giesberteclipta Santos-Silva et al., 2012 are provided. Euderces hefferni sp. nov. is included in a previous key. Rashelapso morrisoni Bezark Santos-Silva, 2016 is transferred to Giesberteclipta. The holotype of Anelaphus subinermis Linsley, 1957 is illustrated for the first time.
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Besouros , Aranhas , Animais , Equador , HondurasRESUMO
Hermetia goncalvensi Albuquerque, 1955 (Diptera: Stratiomyidae: Hermetiinae) has been known from only the male holotype collected in 1951 from the state of Bahia, Brazil, but currently lost or destroyed. No specimens have been reported over the last 60 years since its description. Here we bring together records of additional specimens of both sexes-one male and 28 females-from 13 localities in five Brazilian states, in addition to the type locality. A detailed redescription of the species is provided which includes the puparium, male and female terminalia, biological information, and a distribution map.
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Dípteros , Animais , Feminino , Geografia , MasculinoRESUMO
A new species of Hemiodus is described from the Rio Xingu basin, Pará, Brazil. It is distinguished from congeners by the combination of presence of a dark longitudinal stripe extending from head to tip of lower caudal-fin lobe, an oblique blotch on dorsal-fin, 9-11 scale rows above lateral line, 58-66 perforated lateral line scales, and 17-20 circumpeduncular scales. Comments on the conservation status of the new species, as well as its relationships among Hemiodus species, are made.
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Caraciformes , Animais , Brasil , RiosRESUMO
Acrotaphus Townes, 1960 is a moderately large New World genus of spider attacking parasitoid wasps. Previously, it comprised 11 species. The present study aims to review the genus, and includes descriptions of 15 new species: A. amajari sp. n., A. amazonicus sp. n., A. bodoquenaensis sp. n., A. cuzconus sp. n., A. dolichopus sp. n., A. homeofranklini sp. n., A. jackiechani sp. n., A. kourou sp. n., A. micrus sp. n., A. monotaenius sp. n., A. nambilloensis sp. n., A. pseudoamazonicus sp. n., A. pseudomexicanus sp. n., A. venezuelanus sp. n. and A. zampieronae sp. n.. In addition, we present new characters for the study of the genus and describe the male genitalia for the first time. An illustrated key and maps to the species of the genus are provided. Acrotaphus franklini Gauld, 1991 and A. pseudoamazonicus sp. n. were recorded from the nests of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse Saussure, 1867 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae).
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Himenópteros , Vespas , Animais , MasculinoRESUMO
Elmidae is one of the most diverse families of aquatic beetles, with more than 1500 species in 148 genera. Cylloepus is the genus with the most species in Americas, with 52 species and 2 subspecies currently known. The genus is easily recognised by external morphology; body elongate, pronotum with a longitudinal impression on the disc and elytra striate and punctate. In this paper, based on the study of several international reference collections, we propose two new combinations, and describe two new species of Cylloepus (C. bispoi sp. nov. and C. segurae sp. nov.) from Ecuador and Bolivia.
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Besouros , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Bolívia , EquadorRESUMO
From the tribe Brachycolini Beier, 1961 new genus with one species Quadrihormetica onorei Vidlicka, gen. et sp. n. and species Lucihormetica yasuniana Vidlicka, sp. n. from the region Oriente (Amazon), Ecuador are described. The new genus is clearly distinguished from all other genera by specific shape of pronotum. The male of Hormetica strumosa is redescribed and illustrated; his female is the first time described.
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Baratas , Gastrópodes , Animais , Equador , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
Apyratuca Galileo Martins, 2006 is synonymized with Rosalba Thomson, 1864, and three new species are described: Rosalba contracta, from Ecuador; R. venusta, from Ecuador; and R. skelleyi, from Bolivia. Tethystola alboangulata sp. nov. is described from Trinidad and Tobago, and Blabicentrus similis sp. nov. is described from Panama. Blabicentrus bellus (Galileo Martins, 2004) is recorded from Panama. The genus Pygmaeopsis Schaeffer, 1908, is transferred to Desmiphorini and Pygmaeopsis apicalis sp. nov. is described from Mexico. Pseudestola maculata sp. nov. is described from Costa Rica and Panama. Desmiphora cucullata Thomson, 1868, is considered a synonym of Desmiphora cirrosa Erichson, 1847.
Assuntos
Besouros , Animais , Bolívia , Costa Rica , Equador , México , Panamá , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
We provided a taxonomic synopsis of the species of the genus Tomarus Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini) of Peru. Diagnosis, illustrations, photographs, and maps are presented for each species and a taxonomic key to known species in the country is also included.
Assuntos
Besouros , Animais , PeruRESUMO
Holonotus latithorax Thomson, 1861 (Prioninae, Solenopterini), and Periestola Breuning, 1943 (Lamiinae, Acanthocinini) are revalidated. A lectotype is designated for Holonotus latithorax. The following new synonyms are proposed: Lagocheirus plantaris indistinctus Dillon, 1957 = Lagocheirus plantaris plantaris Erichson, 1847 (Lamiinae, Acanthocinini); Paracobelura curiosa Monné Martins, 1976 = Periestola strandi Breuning, 1943 (Lamiinae, Acanthocinini), with a new country record for Panama; Anisopodus humeralis Bates, 1863 = Anisopodus lignicola Bates, 1863, with a new Brazilian state record. New species are described from Colombia: Lepturges (Lepturges) brechlini; Pseudosparna antonkozlovi; Hyperplatys ushveridzei; Blabia antonkozlovi; and Cycnidolon antonkozlovi. The female of Nealcidion napoensis Nascimento McClarin, 2018 is described, and the species is reported for Colombia for the first time. Additionally, the following new records are reported: Amniscites pictipes (Bates, 1863) from Colombia; two new department records in Colombia for Onalcidion tavakiliani Audureau, 2013; new department record in Colombia for Trypanidius irroratus Monné Delfino, 1980; Icublabia multispinosa Galileo Martins, 2003 for Colombia including additional notes; new department record in Colombia for Blabia intricata Martins Galileo, 1995; Obrium costaricum Hovore Chemsak, 1980 for Panama; Pantonyssus nigriceps Bates, 1870 for Colombia; Stizocera geniculata (Pascoe, 1866) for Colombia; and Pygmodeon obtusum (Bates, 1874) for Panama. Stizocera geniculata is also excluded from the fauna of the Brazilian state of Rondônia.